Participle (分词)
分词的概况
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一 特点
不能做谓语
具有动词的特点：
1）有时态和语态的变化
主动语态
一般式
完成式
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doing
被动语态
being done
having done having been
有宾语和状语，构成分词短语
done
二、现在分词与过去分词的区别
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时间：现在分词表示正在进行的动作
过去分词表示完成的动作
语态：现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示
被 动。
For example :Do you know that swimming girl
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Have you got any used stamps ?
rising sun / risen sun
falling leaves / fallen leaves
boiling water / boiled water
分词的用法
一：作定语
Eg .the sleeping boy / the man standing there
the polluted river / clothes made of cotton
二：作表语
Eg . The door remains locked.
The wind remains blowing .
有些形容词化的分词：exciting /excited ,interesting /interested
worrying / worried , tired / tiring , boring /bored .
三：作宾语补足语
1） 使令性动词（make,have …)
2) 感观动词（hear,see ,find, watch , listen to ,feel …)
3) Keep ,leave ,catch
for example
1) He raised his voice to make himself heard .
2) I’m sorry to have you waiting so long .
3) I often hear this song sung in the street .
4) Can you hear him singing in the next door .
5) Please keep the door closed
6) The policeman caught him stealing
7) The cook was found smoking .
8) The song was heard sung in English .
四 作状语
分词的五种形式都可以作状语。(表示时间、原
因、方式、伴随、结果等）
For example :
1)
He stood there , talking with him .
2)
Hearing the good news , he jumped with joy .
3)
Not having received the reply ,he wrote to him
again .
4)
Seen from the top of the hill , the city looks
beautiful .
5)
The Chinese team got 28 gold medals , ranking
third in the competing countries .
Exercises
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The building ______ (stand ) there is a
hospital .
The building ______ ( build ) now is a
hospital.
The building ______ ( build ) last year
is a hospital .
The building ______ ( build ) next
year is a hospital.
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The people who saw the ____ (scare )
flood were very ________ ( scare )
The son was ______ , so his father was
very ____
(worry )
When he heard the bad news , a _____
(surprise ) look appeared on his face .
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___ (lead ) by the party , we’ve made great
progress .
____ ( repair ) , the machine can’t be used be
used now .
_____ ( finish ) his work , he sat down to rest .
_____ ( live ) here for a long time , he knows
it very well .
_____ ( miss ) the bus , we had to walk home .
______ ( translate ) into many languages ,
the book becomes a best-seller (畅销书）
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The teacher came into the
classroom ,____ ( follow ) the students .
The students _____ (follow )
The husband died , ______ (leave) her
two children .