MAPPING ENCROACHMENT
ON ROAD RESERVES
A CASE STUDY OF KIKUYU-NDERI
ROAD (E1507)
Mwanzia John Musyimi
F19/2459/2009
Supervisor: Mr.Mwenda
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
 Introduction
 Background of the study
 Problem statement
 Objectives of the study
 Area of study
 Methodology
 Data and their sources
 Materials and their sources
 Overview of methodology
 Results and interpretation
 Conclusions and recommendations
Introduction
Background of the study
 a road- a long narrow stretch with smoothed or
paved surface made for travelling by vehicles and
carriage between two or more points
 A road reserve- a strip of public land between
abutting property boundaries specifically gazetted
for the provision of public right of way
 Encroachment- unlawful entering, gradually and
without permission upon the land, property, other
possessions or rights of another
Problem statement
 Many cases of encroachment on road
reserves
 Increased traffic jams due to reduced road
width
 Controversy between government and
members of public on issues of
encroachment
 Encroachment on road reserves interferes
with development and maintenance of roads
Objectives of the study
 General objective
 To assess the extent of encroachment on
the road reserve of the study road
 Specific objectives
 To demonstrate the application of AutoCAD
and GIS in mapping encroachment on road
reserves
 To develop a road reserve map of the study
road
 To recommend ways to reduce
encroachment on road reserves
Area of study
Area of study(cont’d)
 Kikuyu-Nderi road is a 4km road found in Kikuyu
Township, Kikuyu constituency which is in
Kiambu County.
 It starts from Kikuyu town all the way to Sigona
near Sigona golf club where it joins NairobiNakuru-Malaba road
 It lies within the following graticules:
latitudes 0˚22’28.18’’S and 0˚22’36.34’’S
longitude 36˚53’53.64’’E and 36˚53’50.05’’E.
Methodology
data and their sources
DATA
CHARACTERISTICS
SOURCE
Topographic data
Excel sheet
Topographic survey
Registry Index map
Digital form, scale
Kenya Rural Roads
1:2500
Authority
Digital form, scale
Kenya Rural Roads
1:5000
Authority
Geo eye image
Google earth
Survey plan
Image
Softwares used
Software
Source
Purpose
AutoCAD 2010
KeRRA
Plotting the outline of the road
Global Mapper version
KeRRA
Georeferencing RIM, Survey plan
11.0
ArcGIS (ArcMap version
and the image
KeRRA
Analysis of data
Microsoft
Presenting and editing topographic
10.0)
Microsoft Excel
survey data
Microsoft Word
Microsoft
Report writing
Materials and equipment used
Material
Source
Total station
(Nikon)
Carrying out topographic
KeRRA
Laptop
(Dell, Core i5, 4gb RAM 2.4GHz)
Purpose
survey of the area of study
Data editing,
Personal
manipulation, analysis,
and report writing.
Measuring short distances
Measuring tape
KeRRA
during topographic survey.
Overview of methodology
Data identification
Spatial data
data collection and
capture
Non-spatial data
Data preparation,
processing and
verification e.g. road
drawing,georeferenci
ng,editing
Data
correct?
no
yes
Road reserve
map
Results and
interpretation
Results and interpretation
Layout of digitized parcels
Road reserve map
Parcels that have encroached
Extent of encroachment in terms of
Parcel
area in square metres
1
Muguga Gitaru 486
175.5587
2
Muguga Gitaru 297
221.2837
3
Muguga Gitaru 16
278.6563
4
Muguga Gitaru 301
308.0213
5
Muguga Gitaru 690
118.31
6
Muguga Gitaru 691
127.8513
7
Muguga Gitaru 692
129.4451
8
Muguga Gitaru 693
144.3647
9
Muguga Gitaru 694
255.8748
10
Muguga Gitaru 143
495.6734
11
Muguga Gitaru 477
210.2109
12
Muguga Gitaru 265
264.2292
13
Muguga Gitaru 438
272.2591
14
LR 4871/15
164.1038
15
LR 4871/14
196.48133
16
LR 4871/13
266.1782
17
LR 4871/12
262.6267
Parcels that have been
encroached by the road
Extent of encroachment of road onto the parcel
Parcel
in square metres
LR 4955/2
196.48133
LR 4871/3
243.437
LR 4871/4
262.568
LR 4871/5
270.345
LR 4871/12
296.117
LR 4871/13
211.678
LR 4871/14
213.030
LR 4871/15
246.549
conclusion
 The following conclusions were made
 The road reserve of the study road has been
encroached
 There are sections which are completely encroached
 There is road re-alignment whereby the road has
encroached land parcels
 The most encroached sections are those with
general boundary
 Sections with fixed boundaries have less
encroachment
Recommendations
 there is urgent need for action to be taken on
those who have encroached the road reserve
 Those affected by road re- alignment to be
compensated
 All road reserves to be mapped and protected and
if possible made available online
 Sensitize members of the public about the role of
road reserves and the legal implication of
encroachment on public land
 Update all records dealing with roads such as
RIMs and survey plans
Thank you