Module 8
Presentation Skills
Learning outcomes
 8.1 How to prepare for your presentation
 8.2 How to structure your presentation
 8.3 What content you will need to prepare
 8.4 How to conclude your presentation
 8.5 How to manage your body language
Introduction
Presentations skills and public speaking
skills are very useful in many aspects of
work and life. Effective presentations and
public speaking skills are important in
business, sales and selling, training,
teaching,
lecturing
and
generally
entertaining an audience.
Presentation skills video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X
wa4c6xVpMg
(Video to be added and similar video sourced for
Spain, Poland & Germany)
Preparation and planning
 What is the aim?
 What is my title?
 Who am I speaking to?
 What are the main points I want to
make?
 What do I want the audience to do
after listening to my presentation?
Other questions to consider
The structure of a presentation
 The introduction or beginning
 The middle or the body
 The end or conclusion
 Get the audience's attention
and signal the beginning
 Greet audience.
 Introduce yourself
 Give the presentation title and
introduce topic
 Give your objectives (purpose,
aim, goals)
The
introduction
or beginning
The middle
or the body
 Content
 Keeping the
audience's attention
 Signposting where
you are
 Listing information
 Content
 Thank the audience for being
there
 Ask for questions and
comments or invite a
discussion
 Dealing with difficult questions
The end
or the
conclusion
Body language and gestures
Communicating
 words account for 7%
 tone of voice accounts for 38%
 body language accounts for 55%
Presentation skills video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=92kH8
3WJYwE
(Video to be added and similar video
sourced for Spain, Poland & Germany)
Body Language
• Julius Fast was the first author who
published a book on ’Body Language’
in 1971
• Scientific study on ’how the body
speaks’ has been labelled as KINESICS
How does a body speak?
•
Like any spoken language
body language has
words, sentences, and
punctuation.
•
Each gesture is like a
single word and one
word may have several
different meanings.
How a body speaks?
• In a normal conversation only
7% of the message is
conveyed through words and
about 38% through vocal
variety like – tone, pitch,
modulation, pace of voice etc.
• The balance 55% is communicated through
body language, using facial expressions,
gestures, postures etc.
Body Language
•
Body Language is the first
language which we use
from our childhood.
•
Some symbols we use to
send messages without
speaking a single word.
Components of Body Language
• Gestures
• Stance
• Facial expressions
The Ring or ’Ok’ Gesture
The ’OK’ signal means:
* ”Fine” or ” All correct”
in most English-speaking countries.
* ”Zero” or ”worthless” in
some parts of Europe.
• ”Money” in Japan
• ”An insult in Greece, Brazil, Italy, Russia
The ’Thumb –Up’ Gesture
In Britain, Australia and
New Zealand the thumb-up
gesture has three meanings.
1. ”O.K”, ”Fine”, or ”good job”
2. ”Five” in Japan.
3. ”One” in Germany
4. An insulting signal in some
countries like, -Russia, Greece, Australia.
Pointing Finger
• This hand gesture is an
indication of a dominant
to –subordinate
behaviour
• An ’aggressive signal’,
not liked by many.
Standard Arm Cross Gesture
The Standard Arm Cross
• This is a universal gesture
showing defensive or
negative attitude almost
everywhere.
Shoulder shrug
• Shows that a person
does not know, or
understand what you
are talking about.
Standard ’Leg-cross’ Position
• Shows nervous,
reserved or defensive
attitude.
Space & Distance
• Every person has a natural territory that
he / she carries around with him / her.
• So, one should be careful about how
one enters the space of another.
• Territory also includes the arrangement
of our office or home
Zones
Intimate
Personal
Social
Public
Territory
• Intimate
– Touching
– 6-18”
• Personal
– Close -1½ to 2½
feet
– Far - 2½ to 4 ½
feet
• Social
– Close 4-7 feet
– Far - 7-12 feet
• Public
– Close - 12-25 feet
– Far - 25 feet or
greater
Let us examine how a body
communicates from head to toe
Head
• Nodding the head
* ”Yes” in most societies
* ”No” in some parts of Greece, Bulgaria,
Turkey & Yugoslavia.
• Tossing the head backward
* ”Yes”in Thailand, India, Laos, Philippins
• Rocking the head slowly, back & forth:
* ”Yes, I am listening”
Face
• Your face is watched
whenever you speak.
• Your face communicates
your attitude, feelings
and emotions, more
than any other part of
your body.
Face
• Face and eyes convey the most expressive
types of body language,
including happiness,
surprise, fear, anger,
interest and determinalion
• It is truely said that ”face
is the index of mind”.
Use of hands while talking
• Use your hands
confidently
• Use your hands to
describe something or to
add weight to a point you
are trying to make.
Closed Attitude & Open Attitude
Don’t cross your arms or legs
• They make you seem
defensive or guarded.
• Keep your arms and
legs open.
Don’t slouch, sit up straight
• Don’t slouch, sit up
– straight.
But in a relaxed way,
way, not in too tense
manner
Don’t touch your face
• It might make you
seem nervous and
can be distracting
to listeners, during
conversation.
Keep your head up
• Don’t keep your eyes
on the ground.
• It might make you
seem insecure and
a bit lost.
Can you decode their body language?
Can you decode their body language?
Body language differs from culture to culture
Always remember body language is local!
Learning outcomes: have you achieved these?
 8.1 How to prepare for your presentation
 8.2 How to structure your presentation
 8.3 What content you will need to prepare
 8.4 How to conclude your presentation
 8.5 How to manage your body language