1. What year was the battle at granicus?
2. After what small battle did Alexander disband
his fleet?
3. What year was the battle at Issus?
4. What confusion happened before the battle at
Issus?
5. What did Darius do at the end of the battle at
Issus?
6. What did Darius leave behind, that Alexander
kept after the battle of Issus?
7. What year was Tyre?
8. What did Alexander do to attack Tyre?
9. Why did he want to attack Tyre?
10. How long did the seige of Tyre take?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
What year was the battle at granicus? 334 BC
After what small battle did Alexander disband his fleet? Miletus
What year was the battle at Issus? 333BC
What confusion happened before the battle at Issus? Darius had
a spot at Sochi. Alexander was camped at Mallus. Alexander went
to meet Darius at his spot. Darius moved. Darius found
Alexanders’ sick & wounded troops at Issus and killed them.
Alexander quickly hurried back when he found out.
What did Darius do at the end of the battle at Issus?ran away as
he feared for his life
What did Darius leave behind, that Alexander kept after the battle
of Issus?his family
What year was Tyre?332
What did Alexander do to attack Tyre? Built a mole
Why did he want to attack Tyre? They didn’t let him sacrifice to
hercules & it was another port he wanted to over take.
How long did the seige of Tyre take? 7 months
Answers
Military matters/ the battles
Gaugamela
331 BC
• ..\..\..\..\..\MY
VIDEOS\youtub
e videos for
teaching\Alexa
nder the Great
defeats Darius
at
Gaugamela.flv
Gaugamela 331 BC
• Darius had assembled a
huge army from all the
Persian nationalities
(Indians, Scythians and
Bactrians)
– Estimates range from
200,000 to a million infantry
and 45,000 to 100,000
cavalry
– 200 scythed chariots
– 15 elephants
• Alexander had about
40,000 men
Darius III, King of Persia
336-330 B.C.
Gaugamela
• Darius drew his army
upon a large plain near
Gaugamela
• The ground was
carefully leveled,
obstacles removed,
and brush cut down to
allow free movement of
his chariots and horses
• Darius wanted to lure
Alexander into a
battlefield of his own
choosing so Darius
could employ his
masses
Scythed chariot
Gaugamela
• Darius feared a night attack
and kept his men alert all
night. Alexander let his men
rest and sleep & fed them
well.
• When Alexander did attack
the next day, Darius’ men
were tired
• ..\..\..\..\MY VIDEOS\youtube
videos for
teaching\Alexander the
Great defeats Darius at
Gaugamela.flv
Gaugamela
• The Persians lost
40,000 to 90,000
• The Macedonians
only 500
Alexander’s skills that won the battle:
• The military genius of
Alexander
– “The Persians still
relied on multitudes.
Alexander was
introducing new
tactics.”
• Theodore Dodge,
Alexander the Great,
385.
• Flying column reserves
• The wedge to penetrate
an opening
• Striking not merely with
mass but at the right
place and time
• All around security
• Discipline of troops
• Ability to determine the
enemy weakness and
seize opportunity rapidly
After Gaugamela
• Alexander chased Darius through the night but
failed to capture or kill him. Darius headed for
Media.
• Later, Alexander heard that Darius’ had been
placed under arrest by Bessus. Alexander raced
to try and catch them. But Darius had already
been murdered by Nabarzanes and
Barasaentes. (2.05)
• Alexander became Darius’ successor and was
now King of Persia...\..\..\..\MY VIDEOS\youtube
videos for teaching\alexander\(Darius Dies)
13.flv
Alexander catches up
with the mortally wounded
King Darius
Illustrated Persian manuscript
of the Shah-nâme
(Book of Kings)
ca. 1600
Tomb of Darius I, ca. 500 BC,
at Nagsh i Rustam
Read Paul Artus p.62 ‘Burning of persepolis’
Summarise the information on Persepolis for your
notes.