Paper One – 2 Hours
The Big Picture
Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War
1945 -75
Who was to blame for the
Cold War?
Who won the Cuban
Missile Crisis?
Why did the USA fail in
Vietnam?
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Part Two 70 mins
Depth Study – Causes and Events
of the 1st World War 1890 -1918
Why was there increasing tension
between the Great Powers, 1890–
1914?
Why did the First World War break
out in 1914?
What happened on the Western
Front?
How important were the other
fronts?
Paper One – Part One
The Big Picture
50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Who was to blame for
Who won the Cuban
Why did the USA fail in
the Cold War?
Missile Crisis?
Vietnam?
Why did the USA-USSR
How did the USA react to Why did the USA get
alliance begin to break
the Cuban Revolution?
increasingly involved in
down in 1945?
Why did Khrushchev put
Vietnam?
How had the USSR gained missiles into Cuba?
What were the different
control of Eastern Europe
Why did Kennedy react as ways that the USA and the
by 1948?
he did?
Communists fought the
How did the USA react to Who won the Cuban
war?
Soviet expansionism?
Missile Crisis?
Whose tactics were the
Who was more to blame
most effective – the USA’s
for the start of the Cold
or the Communists’?
War, the USA or the USSR?
Why did the USA
withdraw from Vietnam?
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Paper One – Part One
The Big Picture
50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
What were the different ways that the USA and the Communists fought the war?
Whose tactics were the most effective – the USA’s or the Communists’?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
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Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Many of you would have already heard of Vietnam
and the War
Note down thing things you already know or have
heard of in your files
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Where is Vietnam?
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
Objectives
 To investigate reasons
why the USA got involved
in Vietnam
Now explain the message of this cartoon
To understand why this
involvement grew
To look a head –possible
problems
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
You have three minutes to find as many possible reasons
why the USA got involved in Vietnam as you can, use page
101/2 Make a Single Bubble with your findings
Possible
reasons
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
Possible
reasons
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
Using all the information from pages 100-102 complete the focus
task activities 1,2,4
1945
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=st5ax71ZCHg
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1965
Key
No direct American involvement
Finical Support
Political Involvement
Military Involvement
Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
A summary
Containment
China had fallen to communism in 1949, and America had fought in Korea in 1950-53 to contain the
spread of communism. The US president, Lyndon B. Johnson, said: "I am not going to be the president
who saw South-East Asia go the way China went."
Domino theory
Americans believed that, if South Vietnam fell, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand - and then Burma and
India - would follow. President Johnson said: "If you let a bully come into your garden, the next day he'll
be in your porch, and the day after that he'll rape your wife."
ARVN's weakness
It was obvious the South Vietnamese could not resist communist infiltration by the Vietcong without
help. In 1963, the American commander reported that the ARVN - the South Vietnamese army - were
"ill-equipped local militia who more often than not were killed asleep in their defensive positions."
US advisers believed that good government and an efficient, large-scale war would defeat the Vietcong.
The US was attacked
The North Vietnamese had attacked the USS Maddox in August 1964, and then killed US soldiers in
February 1965. Johnson became convinced that action in South Vietnam alone would never win the war:
"We are swatting flies when we should be going after the manure pile.“
Prioritise these reasons from most
important to least and explain your
decisions
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA get increasingly involved in Vietnam?
Now explain the message of this cartoon
Question 4 (a) What is the message of this cartoon?
Use the source and your own knowledge (6marks)
The message of this source is
There is evidence in the source to support this because
And
___________________________________________
My own knowledge supports this message because
And
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Under Attack!!
If soldiers from another country
came here and took control
How would you feel?
How would you resist? List 5
possible tactics or methods
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the different ways the Americans and
Communists fought the war?
Objectives
The Viet Cong
 To find examples of the
Watch this clip from platoon –What different tactics
tactics used by the Viet
and methods do the Viet Cong use to fight the USA?
Cong
To be able to explain the
reasons for these tactics
To evaluate the impact
of these tactics on the war
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
The Vietnam War 1970
Vietnamese Booby
Traps
The Tunnels in South Vietnam
The Tunnels in South Vietnam
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the tactics of the Viet Cong?
Reasons
Tactics
Using the booklet and pages106/7
Complete this diagram
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the tactics of the Viet Cong?
In no more than 100 words explain what the tactics of the Viet
Cong were
In no more than 100 words explain why these tactics were
chosen
Give three advantages and three disadvantages of deciding to
follow these tactics
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the tactics of the Viet Cong?
Give three advantages and three disadvantages of
deciding to follow these tactics
Explain why the Viet Cong adopted the tactics that
they did?
(6 marks)
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What tactics would you suggest to counter those of the
Viet Cong?
In pairs come up with three ideas
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=en
dscreen&NR=1&v=Gz3Cc7wlfkI
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the different ways the Americans and
Communists fought the war?
Objectives
The Americans
 To find examples of the
tactics used by the
Americans
To be able to explain the
reasons for these tactics
To evaluate the impact
of these tactics on the war
Watch these clips of bombing raids in Vietnam –What is the purpose of this tactic?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67K1tt-V-lc&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88jrZjsNHPc
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the different ways the Americans and
Communists fought the war?
The Americans
Complete the following table
using pages 108/9
Tactic
Explanation
Aim
Strengths
Weaknesses
Overall
effectiveness
Bombing
Chemical
Weapons
Search &
Destroy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=E
v2dEqrN4i0
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What were the different ways the Americans and Communists fought the war?
The Americans
(c) How effective do you think the US tactics were for fighting the Viet Cong?[10]
(Remember to start with a 1 sentence introduction)
Introduction_
The tactics were effective because
Another reason their tactics were effective is because
However, the tactics could be considered ineffective because
Another reason why the tactics were ineffective was
In conclusion I think the tactics were
Because
(10 marks)
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Whose tactics were most effective- The USA’s or the
Communists?
Objectives
 To compare the
different tactics
To start to investigate
why the Americans failed
in Vietnam
Review Homework
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Whose tactics were most effective- The USA’s or the
Communists?
Investigate the sources and information on pages
110 and 111
What problems can you find that the American faced?
Put your examples into a Single Bubble Map
Use direct evidence from the sources to support your
examples
Now annotate your examples
Which were caused by the Americans and which were
caused by the Viet Cong
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
What problems did the Americans face in Vietnam?
Problems
faced
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Whose tactics were most effective- The USA’s or the
Communists?
Using your bubble map
Answer
‘The USA caused most of its own problems in Vietnam’ Do
you agree? (10 marks)
I agree because …….(2/3 clearly supported reasons)
However there is evidence that disagrees….(2/3 clearly
supported reasons)
In conclusion I do/do not agree because
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
My Lai Massacre
Page 112/3
• In 7 sentences explain what happened
• Give two reasons why you think this massacre
happened
• How was this event received in America?
• Explain why the My Lai Massacre contributed
to the failure of the USA in Vietnam (3
reasons)
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
Here are two factors that may have led to the withdrawal
 The Anti Vietnam war protest movement (page 116/7)
The Tet offensive (Page 118)
Research these two factors write a summary of no more than
100 words explaining why they might have been a cause of the
withdrawal
In conclusion Which do you think was the most important
cause?
Review all your work on the topic –What other factors can you
find?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7Y0ekr-3So
Country Joe
http://www.navalhistory.org/2010/04/29/operation-frequent-wind-april-29-30-1975/
Leaving Saigon
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
Objectives
 To investigate the
reasons why America
withdrew from Vietnam
To evaluate these
reasons
To practise our source
skills
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vj_ImnJrOA0&feature=related
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
Another possible factor
The Tet offensive (Page 118)
Research the Tet Offensive
What happened? (bullet point)
Explain why this might have been a cause of the withdrawal,
two reasons
Look at source 57 on page 120
Explain How Nixon (US President) tried to end the war
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
Timeline
1967 Belief, although hard, the war is making
progress
1968 Tet Offensive
1968 My Lai Massacre
1968 Nixon becomes President of USA, looks
for way out of Vietnam
1973 Last US troops leave
1975 Saigon falls (Vietnam is completely
communist)
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
Public opinion in the USA
Demonstration at the Pentagon – How
far does this photograph explain why
America left Vietnam?
What is the message of the Life front
cover?
Are you surprised by this source?
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Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Why did the USA withdraw from Vietnam?
A Summary
Americans
The American hi-tech tactics
continually killed the wrong
people and demoralised their
own troops.
Vietcong
The Vietcong's guerrilla tactics
were appropriate to the nature
of the conflict.
The Vietcong were supplied
The US was trying to supply a
with weapons by China and
war 8,000 miles from America.
Russia.
The South Vietnamese
The South Vietnamese regime
peasants supported and
was weak, brutal and corrupt.
sheltered the Vietcong.
Their short (one-year) tour of The Vietcong had been
service meant that American continuously at war since they
troops were always
resisted the Japanese during
inexperienced.
the Second World War.
The morale of Americans
soldiers was rock bottom The Vietcong were fanatically
they took drugs, shot their
determined to drive out the
officers ('fragging') and
Americans, whatever the cost.
deserted.
The war became very
The North Vietnamese were
unpopular in the US, and lost motivated, fighting at home to
public support.
unite their country.
www.historytl.com
Why did the war arouse so much opposition in
America?
58,000 Americans - average age 19 - were killed.
It was hard for Americans to believe that they were
defending America by fighting in a war 8,000 miles
away.
Extensive media coverage brought all the failures and
horrors of the war into US homes.
Atrocities such as the massacre at My Lai undermined
the moral authority of the US to continue the war.
The cost of the war meant that the US president
Lyndon B. Johnson had to cancel his Great Society
programme of reform.
The war was opposed particularly by Martin Luther
King and by America's black community (because
wealthier white men could avoid the draft by going to
university or to Canada, and young black men were
twice as likely to be killed).
Homework
(c)Which was more important in bringing about
the USA’s failure in Vietnam: the military tactics
of the North Vietnamese or public opinion in the
USA? Explain your answer. [10]
Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Why did the USA fail in Vietnam?
Objectives
A Review
Trial Exam
 To apply our knowledge
and skills to an exam
question
Part One – 50 mins
Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75
Vietnam – Would you give evidence?
Objectives
 To investigate options
available to the soldier
To come to a judgement based
on the pros & cons of each option
To reflect on the skills used in
the lesson
The Changing Face of Warfare
Will you give evidence?
Will you give evidence?
You are a 19 year old draftee on your first tour of Vietnam. You have been out on ‘Search &
Destroy’ patrols for two weeks when you enter a small village. The village has been a centre of
Vietcong activity and the villagers are known to support the enemy.
You feel increased tension as you walk round the village, the eyes look at you with
fear and anger. You feel the same, a friend was killed by a bobby trap yesterday.
A child runs from behind a shack and your Corporal opens fire, immediately
others join in. It is twenty minutes before order is resorted. Twenty-six villagers
are dead including women and children. Your troop with draws from the village.
Two months later an enquiry is held into the massacre. You are called to give
evidence against your fellow soldiers.
Will you give evidence?
What are your options?
Key Question-
An option-
Pros-
Another option-
Cons-
Decision –
Pros-
Cons-
A third option-
Pros-
Cons-
http://www.navalhistory.org/2010/04/29/oper
ation-frequent-wind-april-29-30-1975/
Leaving Saigon
Americans
The American hi-tech tactics
continually killed the wrong
people and demoralised their
own troops.
Vietcong
The Vietcong's guerrilla tactics
were appropriate to the nature
of the conflict.
The Vietcong were supplied
The US was trying to supply a
with weapons by China and
war 8,000 miles from America.
Russia.
The South Vietnamese
The South Vietnamese regime
peasants supported and
was weak, brutal and corrupt.
sheltered the Vietcong.
Their short (one-year) tour of The Vietcong had been
service meant that American continuously at war since they
troops were always
resisted the Japanese during
inexperienced.
the Second World War.
The morale of Americans
soldiers was rock bottom The Vietcong were fanatically
they took drugs, shot their
determined to drive out the
officers ('fragging') and
Americans, whatever the cost.
deserted.
The war became very
The North Vietnamese were
unpopular in the US, and lost motivated, fighting at home to
public support.
unite their country.
Why did the war arouse so much opposition in America?
58,000 Americans - average age 19 - were killed.
It was hard for Americans to believe that they were defending America by
fighting in a war 8,000 miles away.
Extensive media coverage brought all the failures and horrors of the war into
US homes.
Atrocities such as the massacre at My Lai undermined the moral authority of
the US to continue the war.
The cost of the war meant that the US president Lyndon B. Johnson had to
cancel his Great Society programme of reform.
The war was opposed particularly by Martin Luther King and by America's
black community (because wealthier white men could avoid the draft by going
to university or to Canada, and young black men were twice as likely to be
killed).