THE ORIGINAL 13 COLONIES
1-VIRGINIA (1607)
2-MASSACHUSETTS (1620)
3- NEW HAMPSHIRE (1623)
4-NEW YORK (1625) (1664)
5-MARYLAND (1632)
6-CONNECTICUT (1636)
7-RHODE ISLAND (1636)
8-DELAWARE (1638)
9-NORTH CAROLINA (1663)
10-NEW JERSEY(1664)
11-SOUTH CAROLINA (1664)
12-PENNSYLVANIA (1681)
13-GEORGIA (1732)
THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES IN THE 1600s
WERE ALL SIMILAR IN THEIR NEED TO ATTRACT
SETTLERS IN ORDER TO PROSPER.
The New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies
 FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE COLONIES BEGINNING
WITH THE FOUNDING OF JAMESTOWN UNTIL THE
BEGINNING OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR, DIFFERENT
REGIONS OF THE EASTERN COAST HAD DIFFERENT
CHARACTERISTICS.
 ONCE ESTABLISHED, THE THIRTEEN BRITISH COLONIES
COULD BE DIVIDED INTO THREE GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS:
 NEW ENGLAND (NEW HAMPSHIRE, MASSACHUSETTS,
RHODE ISLAND, & CONNECTICUT)
 MIDDLE (NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, PENNSYLVANIA, & DELAWARE)
 SOUTHERN (MARYLAND, VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA
& GEORGIA)
 EACH OF THESE HAD SPECIFIC ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS THAT WERE UNIQUE TO THE
REGIONS.
NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
NEW HAMPSHIRE, MASSACHUSETTS,
RHODE ISLAND, AND CONNECTICUT
FACTS ABOUT THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
 THE NEW ENGLAND COLONISTS WERE LARGELY PURITANS, WHO
LED VERY STRICT LIVES.
• THESE WERE KNOWN FOR BEING RICH IN FORESTS AND FUR
TRAPPING. HARBORS WERE LOCATED THROUGHOUT THE REGION.
• THE AREA WAS NOT KNOWN FOR GOOD FARMLAND. THEREFORE,
THE FARMS WERE SMALL, MAINLY TO PROVIDE FOOD FOR
INDIVIDUAL FAMILIES.
• NEW ENGLAND FLOURISHED INSTEAD WITH FISHING,
SHIPBUILDING, LUMBERING, AND FUR TRADING ALONG WITH
TRADING GOODS WITH EUROPE.
• THE FAMOUS TRIANGLE TRADE OCCURRED IN THE NEW ENGLAND
COLONIES WHERE SLAVES WERE SOLD IN THE WEST INDIES FOR
MOLASSES. THIS WAS SENT TO NEW ENGLAND TO MAKE RUM
WHICH WAS THEN SENT TO AFRICA TO TRADE FOR SLAVES.
• IN NEW ENGLAND, SMALL TOWNS WERE THE CENTERS OF LOCAL
GOVERNMENT.
• IN 1643, MASSACHUSETTS BAY, PLYMOUTH, CONNECTICUT, AND
NEW HAVEN FORMED THE NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION TO
PROVIDE DEFENSE AGAINST INDIANS, DUTCH, AND THE FRENCH.
• THIS WAS THE FIRST ATTEMPT TO FORM A UNION BETWEEN
COLONIES.
OLAUDAH EQUIANO
A young African slave who survived the trans-Atlantic
slave trade (Middle Passage) and recalled the inhumane
conditions on his trip from West Africa to the West Indies
in 1756 when he was 11 yrs. old.
MIDDLE COLONIES
NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, PENNSYLVANIA, AND
DELAWARE
FACTS ABOUT THE MIDDLE COLONIES
 THE MIDDLE COLONISTS WERE A MIXTURE OF
RELIGIONS, INCLUDING QUAKERS (LED BY WILLIAM
PENN), CATHOLICS, LUTHERANS, JEWS, AND OTHERS.
• THIS AREA WAS EXCELLENT FOR FARMING AND
INCLUDED NATURAL HARBORS. FARMERS GREW GRAIN
AND RAISED LIVESTOCK.
• THE MIDDLE COLONIES ALSO PRACTICED TRADE LIKE
NEW ENGLAND, BUT TYPICALLY THEY WERE TRADING
RAW MATERIALS FOR MANUFACTURED ITEMS.
• ONE IMPORTANT EVENT THAT HAPPENED IN THE MIDDLE
COLONIES DURING THE COLONIAL PERIOD WAS THE
ZENGER TRIAL IN 1735.
• JOHN PETER ZENGER WAS ARRESTED FOR WRITING
AGAINST THE ROYAL GOVERNOR OF NEW YORK.
ZENGER WAS DEFENDED BY ANDREW HAMILTON AND
FOUND NOT GUILTY HELPING TO ESTABLISH THE IDEA
OF FREEDOM OF THE PRESS.
SOUTHERN COLONIES
MARYLAND, VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA
AND GEORGIA
FACTS ABOUT THE SOUTHERN COLONIES

THE SOUTHERN COLONISTS HAD A MIXTURE OF RELIGIONS AS WELL,
INCLUDING BAPTISTS AND ANGLICANS.
• SOUTHERN COLONIES GREW THEIR OWN FOOD ALONG WITH
GROWING THREE MAJOR CASH CROPS: TOBACCO, RICE, AND
INDIGO.
• THESE WERE GROWN ON PLANTATIONS TYPICALLY WORKED BY
SLAVES AND INDENTURED SERVANTS.
• THE MAIN COMMERCE OF THE SOUTH WAS WITH ENGLAND.
• PLANTATIONS KEPT PEOPLE WIDELY SEPARATE WHICH
PREVENTED THE GROWTH OF MANY TOWNS.
• AN IMPORTANT EVENT THAT OCCURRED IN THE SOUTHERN
COLONIES WAS BACON'S REBELLION.
• NATHANIEL BACON LED A GROUP OF VIRGINIA COLONISTS
AGAINST NATIVE AMERICANS WHO WERE ATTACKING FRONTIER
FARMS.
• THE ROYAL GOVERNOR, SIR WILLIAM BERKELEY, HAD NOT MOVED
AGAINST THE NATIVE AMERICANS.
• BACON WAS LABELED A TRAITOR BY THE GOVERNOR AND
ORDERED ARRESTED. BACON ATTACKED JAMESTOWN AND SEIZED
THE GOVERNMENT. HE THEN BECAME ILL AND DIED. BERKELEY
RETURNED, HANGED MANY OF THE REBELS, AND WAS EVENTUALLY
REMOVED FROM OFFICE BY KING CHARLES II.
LET’S NOT FORGET
ROANOKE ISLAND “THE LOST COLONY”
• SOUTHERN REGION
• SIR WALTER RALEIGH IN 1585 ESTABLISH ENGLISH COLONY IN NEW
WORLD. HE SENT THREE DIFFERENT EXPEDITIONS.
• IN 1587, THE ENGLISH AGAIN ATTEMPTED TO SETTLE ROANOKE
ISLAND, LED BY JOHN WHITE.
• HOWEVER, JOHN WHITE LEFT THE COLONY TO RETURN TO
ENGLAND FOR SUPPLIES THAT HE FELT WOULD HELP THEM TO
SURVIVE, EXPECTING TO RETURN TO ROANOKE ISLAND WITHIN 3
MONTHS. INSTEAD, HE FOUND ENGLAND AT WAR WITH SPAIN, AND
ALL SHIPS WERE CONFISCATED FOR USE OF THE WAR EFFORTS.
• HIS RETURN TO ROANOKE ISLAND WAS DELAYED UNTIL 1590.
• WHEN HE FINALLY RETURNED, THE COLONISTS HAD DISAPPEARED.
THE ONLY THING HE FOUND WAS THE WORD "CROATOAN" CARVED
INTO A POST OF THE FORT AND "CRO" CARVED INTO A NEARBY
TREE, TELLING ABOUT THE NATIVE AMERICANS WHO LIVED CLOSE
BY.
• THEIR FATE HAS NEVER BEEN AUTHORITATIVELY ASCERTAINED,
AND THEY BECAME KNOWN AS "THE LOST COLONY".
• COLONISTS DISAPPEARED WITHOUT A TRACE.
CHART: THE THIRTEEN ORIGINIAL COLONIES
#
YEAR
FOUNDED
FOUNDED
BY
MOTIVATION FOR SIGNIFICANT IMPORTANT
FOUNDING
EVENTS
PEOPLE
VIRGINIA
(SOUTHERN REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: 1607 (JAMESTOWN WAS FOUNDED).
IN 1624, VIRGINIA WAS CREATED AS A ROYAL COLONY THAT
INCLUDED THE ORIGINAL JAMESTOWN SETTLEMENT.
• FOUNDED BY: THE LONDON (VIRGINIA) COMPANY FOUNDED
VIRGINIA DURING THE REIGN OF JAMES I (1566-1625).
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: JAMESTOWN WAS ORIGINALLY
FOUNDED FROM A DESIRE TO GAIN WEALTH (TRADE AND PROFITS)
AND TO A LESSER EXTENT TO CONVERT THE NATIVES TO
CHRISTIANITY. VIRGINIA BECAME A ROYAL COLONY IN 1624 WHEN
KING JAMES I REVOKED THE CHARTER OF THE BANKRUPT VIRGINIA
COMPANY. HE FELT THREATENED BY THE REPRESENTATIVE
ASSEMBLY KNOWN AS THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES. HIS TIMELY
DEATH IN 1625 ENDED HIS PLANS OF DISBANDING THE ASSEMBLY.
• SIGNIFICANCE: FIRST PERMANENT ENGLISH SETTLEMENT IN THE
NEW WORLD AT JAMESTOWN.
• IT PROVIDED A SOURCE OF FERTILE LAND AND GREAT WEALTH TO
ENGLAND IN THE FORM OF THE CASH CROP, TOBACCO.
• WITH THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES FOUNDED IN 1619, AMERICA SAW
THE FIRST INSTITUTIONAL INSTANCE OF REPRESENTATIVE SELF
GOVERNMENT.
• ONLY 60 OF 1ST 900 COLONISTS SURVIVED (WINTER OF 1609
“STARVING TIME”)
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE: CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH, POCAHONTAS, CHIEF
POWHATAN, JOHN ROLFE, NATHANIEL BACON
VIRGINIA NEEDED
WORKERS FOR THEIR
PLANTATIONS THAT WERE
PRODUCING TOBACCO.
VIRGINIA’S DEPENDENCE
ON THIS CASH CROP
CREATED THE NEED FOR
FIELD LABORERS.
VIRGINIA TURNED TO
AFRICAN SLAVES TO WORK
IN THE FIELD. DURING ITS
LAST YEARS AS A COLONY
1/5 OF THE POPULATION
WAS AFRICAN AMERICAN
MASSACHUSETTS
(NORTHERN REGION)
YEAR MASSACHUSETTS COLONY FOUNDED: 1620
FOUNDED BY: PURITANS AND SEPARATISTS
MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: JOHN WINTHROP AND PILGRIMS
WISHING TO FLEE PERSECUTION AND FIND RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
TRAVELED TO AMERICA AND FORMED THE PLYMOUTH COLONY IN
1620. BEFORE LANDING, THEY ESTABLISHED THEIR OWN
GOVERNMENT, THE BASIS OF WHICH WAS THE MAYFLOWER
COMPACT. SEPARATISTS IN ENGLAND FLED TO FIND REFUGE IN
AMERICA WHERE THEY COULD CREATE A HOME FOR THEMSELVES IN
THE MASSACHUSETTS COLONY. THEY CAME OVER ON THE
MAYFLOWER.
SIGNIFICANCE: THE PILGRIMS ABOARD THE MAYFLOWER CREATED
THE MAYFLOWER COMPACT. THIS AGREEMENT WAS TO FORM A
GOVERNMENT AND TO SUBMIT TO THE WILL OF THE MAJORITY SET UP
THE PRECEDENT OF WRITTEN CONSTITUTIONS.
IMPORTANT PEOPLE: JOHN WINTHROPE (PURITAN/MASSACHUSETTS
BAY GOVERNOR); WILLIAM BRADFORD (SEPARATIST/PLYMOUTH
CHOSEN GOVERNOR THIRTY TIMES IN ANNUAL ELECTIONS).
IN 1628, PURITANS FORMED THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMPANY AND
MANY PURITANS CONTINUED TO SETTLE IN THE AREA AROUND
BOSTON. IN 1691, PLYMOUTH COLONY JOINED WITH THE
MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY.
NEW HAMPSHIRE
(NORTHERN REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: 1623
• FOUNDED BY: JOHN MASON
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
NEW HAMPSHIRE WAS A PLANNED COLONY. THE LAND
IN THE NEW WORLD WAS GRANTED TO CAPTAIN JOHN
MASON WHO LIVED IN HAMPSHIRE COUNTY, ENGLAND.
HE SENT SETTLERS TO THE NEW TERRITORY TO
CREATE A FISHING COLONY. HOWEVER, HE DIED
BEFORE EVER SEEING WHERE HE HAD SPENT A
CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF MONEY BUILDING TOWNS
AND DEFENSES.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS:
• THIS COLONY WAS PART OF MASSACHUSETTS FOR 39
YEARS UNTIL ENGLAND GRANTED MASSACHUSETTS A
ROYAL CHARTER IN 1679.
• THEIR RATIFICATION (THEY WERE THE NINTH) OF THE
CONSTITUTION ASSURED ITS PASSAGE.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE:
• CAPTAIN JOHN MASON
• GOVERNOR SIR JOHN WENTWORTH
NEW YORK
(MIDDLE REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: SET UP AS A DUTCH COLONY IN 1625
(ORIGINAL NAME) NEW NETHERLAND. IN 1664, CHARLES
II GRANTED NEW NETHERLAND TO HIS BROTHER JAMES,
DUKE OF YORK. HE JUST HAD TO TAKE IT FROM THE
DUTCH. HE ARRIVED WITH A FLEET. THE DUTCH
SURRENDERED WITHOUT A FIGHT; THE COLONY WAS
TAKEN OVER BY ENGLISH IN 1664
FOUNDED BY: DUKE OF YORK
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: SET UP FOR TRADE AND
PROFITS
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THE NAME OF THE COLONY WAS
CHANGED TO NEW YORK IN HONOR OF THE DUKE.
– THE ALBANY CONGRESS OCCURRED AT ALBANY, NEW
YORK IN 1754 TO HELP UNITE THE COLONIES FOR
DEFENSE AGAINST THE IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY.
– THE FEDERALIST PAPERS WERE PUBLISHED IN NEW
YORK NEWSPAPERS TO SWAY VOTERS TO ACCEPT
THE NEW CONSTITUTION.
– NEW YORK WAS THE ELEVENTH STATE TO RATIFY
THE CONSTITUTION.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE: JAMES, DUKE OF YORK, THOMAS
DONGAN, ALEXANDER HAMILTON, PETER MINUIT
MARYLAND
(SOUTHERN REGION)
• YEAR MARYLAND COLONY WAS FOUNDED:
1634; WAS GIVEN THE CHARTER FOR FOUNDING IN 1632
• MARYLAND COLONY FOUNDED BY: LORD BALTIMORE
FATHER—GEORGE CALVERT; SON—(CECIL CALVERT)
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING THE MARYLAND COLONY:
•
•
•
•
•
LORD BALTIMORE WAS MOTIVATED BOTH BY THE DESIRE FOR
PROFIT AND THE DESIRE TO CREATE A REFUGE FOR ROMAN
CATHOLICS WHO WERE STILL BEING PERSECUTED IN PROTESTANT
ENGLAND.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: LORD BALTIMORE RECEIVED LAND
FROM KING CHARLES I TO CREATE A HAVEN FOR CATHOLICS.
HIS SON, THE SECOND LORD BALTIMORE, PERSONALLY OWNED ALL
THE LAND AND COULD USE OR SELL IT AS HE WISHED.
MARYLAND WAS A PROPRIETORSHIP WHICH MEANS THAT THE
PROPRIETOR HAD EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY.
TOBACCO WAS VERY PROFITABLE FOR THE COLONY.
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM FOR DIFFERENT SECTS OF CHRISTIANITY
WAS WIDESPREAD, ESPECIALLY AFTER THE PASSAGE OF THE ACT
OF TOLERATION IN 1649 WHICH ALLOWED FOR TOLERATION TO ALL
CHRISTIANS. MARYLAND EVENTUALLY BECAME KNOWN AS A
'HAVEN FOR CATHOLICS'.
• IMPORTANT PERSON:
LORD BALTIMORE
CONNECTICUT
(NORTHERN REGION)
• YEAR CONNECTICUT COLONY FOUNDED:
C. 1635/1636; COLONISTS WERE MOVING INTO AND STARTING
TOWNS IN FUTURE CONNECTICUT IN 1635 BUT THE MAIN TOWNS
DID NOT JOIN TOGETHER TO FORM THE CONNECTICUT COLONY
UNTIL 1636.
• FOUNDED BY:
THOMAS HOOKER AND A GROUP OF MASSACHUSETTS COLONISTS.
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
INDIVIDUALS FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS COLONY MOVED TO
WHAT WOULD BECOME CONNECTICUT BECAUSE THEY WERE
LOOKING FOR MORE FREEDOM AND FINANCIAL OPPORTUNITIES.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS:
– KING CHARLES II OFFICIALLY UNITED CONNECTICUT AS A
SINGLE COLONY IN 1662.
– PEQUOT WAR - 1636-1637 - THIS 'WAR' WAS FOUGHT BETWEEN
THE SETTLERS IN CONNECTICUT AND THE PEQUOT INDIANS. BY
THE END OF THE WAR, THE PEQUOT INDIANS WERE DECIMATED.
– IN 1639, THREE SETTLEMENTS JOINED TO FORM A UNIFIED
GOVERNMENT CREATING A DOCUMENT CALLED THE
FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT, THE FIRST WRITTEN
CONSTITUTION IN AMERICA. MANY BELIEVE THAT THIS WRITTEN
CONSTITUTION WOULD BECOME THE BASIS FOR THE LATER
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION.
• IMPORTANT PERSON:
THOMAS HOOKER
RHODE ISLAND
(NORTHERN REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: 1636
• FOUNDED BY: ROGER WILLIAMS
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
ROGER WILLIAMS WAS ORDERED TO BE ARRESTED BY THE
MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY FOR HIS BELIEFS IN SEPARATION
OF CHURCH AND STATE AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION. HE FLED AND
LIVED WITH THE NARRAGANSETT NATIVE AMERICANS AND FORMED
PROVIDENCE IN 1636.
ANNE HUTCHINSON WAS BANISHED FOR SPEAKING OUT AGAINST
THE CHURCH IN MASSACHUSETTS BAY. SHE FORMED
PORTSMOUTH.
• TWO OTHER SETTLEMENTS AROSE AND ALL FOUR JOINED
TOGETHER WITH PERMISSION FROM ENGLAND TO FORM
PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS – LATER CALLED RHODE ISLAND.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THIS COLONY WAS THE FIRST TO
GUARANTEE ALL ITS CITIZENS FREEDOM OF WORSHIP.
– THE COLONY WAS FOUNDED ON SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND
STATE.
– RHODE ISLAND IS KNOWN FOR ITS FIERCE INDEPENDENCE.
– THE COLONY WAS THE LAST TO RATIFY THE U.S. CONSTITUTION
– AFTER IT HAD ALREADY GONE INTO EFFECT AND THE
GOVERNMENT HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE:
– ROGER WILLIAMS
– ANNE HUTCHINSON
DELAWARE
(MIDDLE REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: 1638
• FOUNDED BY:
PETER MINUIT AND THE NEW SWEDEN COMPANY
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
ESTABLISHED BY SWEDEN (PETER MINUIT) WAS DUTCH
AND FORMED NEW SWEDEN AS PART OF NEW
NETHERLAND. WHEN CHARLES II, KING OF ENGLAND
GAVE HIS BROTHER JAMES, THE DUKE OF YORK, NEW
NETHERLAND, HE DEMANDED AND RECEIVED ITS
SURRENDER (TAKEN OVER BY THE ENGLISH IN 1664).
HE RENAMED NEW SWEDEN TO DELAWARE.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THE DUKE OF YORK GRANTED
WILLIAM PENN THE REGION TO GIVE PENNSYLVANIA
FULL ACCESS TO THE ATLANTIC OCEAN.
• ONCE CALL THE THREE LOWER COUNTIES OF
PENNSYLVANIA.
• DELAWARE WAS A PART OF PENNSYLVANIA UNTIL 1704.
• THE COLONY WAS GOVERNED BY PENNSYLVANIA UNTIL
THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE: PETER MINUIT, JAMES, THE DUKE
OF YORK
NORTH CAROLINA
(SOUTHERN REGION)
• YEAR NORTH CAROLINA COLONY FOUNDED: 1663
• FOUNDED BY: VIRGINIANS
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
IN 1653, SOME VIRGINIANS SETTLED IN WHAT WOULD BECOME
NORTH CAROLINA. IN 1663, KING CHARLES II ISSUED A ROYAL
CHARTER TO EIGHT NOBLES TO SETTLE THE AREA SOUTH OF
VIRGINIA. THEY CREATED CAROLINA AND INCLUDED THE PREVIOUS
SETTLEMENT. HOWEVER, BECAUSE OF INTERNAL PROBLEMS, THE
CROWN TOOK OVER THE COLONY AND FORMED NORTH AND SOUTH
CAROLINA OUT OF IT IN 1729.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: JOINT BUSINESS VENTURE WITH ENGLAND
– PREVENTED THE SPANISH IN FLORIDA FROM MOVING NORTHWARD;
GROWING OF DIFFERENT CROPS (WARMER CLIMATE).
– THIS WAS A COLLECTION OF DISPARATE SETTLERS WHICH
OFTEN LED TO INTERNAL PROBLEMS AND DISPUTES.
– THE COLONY WAS ONE OF THE LAST HOLD OUTS TO RATIFY THE
CONSTITUTION – AFTER IT HAD ALREADY GONE INTO EFFECT
AND THE GOVERNMENT HAD BEEN ESTABLISHED.
– THE LOST COLONY OF ROANOKE WAS LOCATED IN WHAT IS NOW
NORTH CAROLINA.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE: WALTER RALEIGH, KING CHARLES II AND
VIRGINIANS
NEW JERSEY
(MIDDLE REGION)
The original provinces of West and East New Jersey are shown in yellow and green
respectively. The Keith Line is shown in red, and the Coxe and Barclay line is shown in
Orange.
• YEAR FOUNDED:
1664
• FOUNDED BY:
LORD BERKELEY AND SIR GEORGE CARTERET
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: THEY PROVIDED LIBERAL GRANTS OF
LAND AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION
– IN 1664, JAMES, THE DUKE OF YORK, RECEIVED CONTROL OF NEW
NETHERLAND. HE GRANTED LAND TO TWO OF HIS FRIENDS, LORD
BERKELEY AND SIR GEORGE CARTERET, THAT WOULD BECOME NEW
JERSEY.
– THE TWO ADVERTISED AND PROMISED SETTLERS MANY BENEFITS FOR
COLONIZING INCLUDING REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT AND
FREEDOM OF RELIGION. THE COLONY QUICKLY GREW.
– QUAKERS EVENTUALLY PURCHASED BOTH OF THEIR CHARTERS AND
CREATED EAST AND WEST JERSEY WHICH WERE JOINED BY THE
CROWN IN 1702.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: COLONY WAS SPLIT BETWEEN EAST AND
WEST JERSERY.
– NEW JERSEY WAS THE THIRD STATE TO RATIFY THE
CONSTITUTION.
– NEW JERSEY WAS THE FIRST TO RATIFY THE BILL OF RIGHTS.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE: JAMES, DUKE OF YORK; LORD BERKELEY
SIR GEORGE CARTERET.
SOUTH CAROLINA
(SOUTHERN REGION)
• YEAR SOUTH CAROLINA COLONY FOUNDED:
1664
• FOUNDED BY:
EIGHT NOBLES WITH A ROYAL CHARTER FROM CHARLES
II.
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
IN 1663, KING CHARLES II ISSUED A ROYAL CHARTER TO
EIGHT NOBLES TO SETTLE THE AREA SOUTH OF
VIRGINIA. THEY CREATED CAROLINA AND INCLUDED THE
PREVIOUS SETTLEMENT. HOWEVER, BECAUSE OF
INTERNAL PROBLEMS, THE CROWN TOOK OVER THE
COLONY AND FORMED NORTH CAROLINA AND SOUTH
CAROLINA OUT OF IT IN 1729.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: THE MAIN PORT WAS CHARLES
TOWN (CHARLESTON); ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST
COLONIES (RICE MAJOR CROP) WARMER CLIMATE.
– PREVENTED THE SPANISH IN FLORIDA FROM MOVING
NORTHWARD; GROWING OF DIFFERENT CROPS.
– MORE REVOLUTIONARY WAR BATTLES WERE FOUGHT
IN THIS COLONY THAN ANY OTHER COLONIES.
• IMPORTANT PERSONS: EIGHT NOBLES WITH A ROYAL
CHARTER FROM KING CHARLES II
PENNSYLVANIA
(MIDDLE REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: 1681
• FOUNDED BY: WILLIAM PENN
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING: WILLIAM PENN FOUNDED
PENNSYLVANIA WITH A LAND GRANT THAT WAS OWED HIS
DECEASED FATHER BY KING CHARLES II. HIS GOAL WAS TO CREATE
A COLONY THAT ALLOWED FOR FREEDOM OF RELIGION DUE TO HIS
DESIRE TO PROTECT HIMSELF AND FELLOW QUAKERS FROM
PERSECUTION. HE BELIEVED IN EQUALITY OF ALL PEOPLE.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: CITY OF BROTHERLY LOVE
(PHILADELPHIA); PENN WISHED TO BEGIN A “HOLY
EXPERIMENT.
– THE COLONY WAS WELL-ADVERTISED AND BY 1700 WAS THE
THIRD BIGGEST AND RICHEST COLONY IN THE NEW WORLD.
– PENN ALLOWED FOR INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND RIGHT TO ELECT
PUBLIC OFFICIALS (A REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY ELECTED BY
LANDOWNERS).
– QUAKER RELIGION—FREEDOM OF WORSHIP AND RELIGION WAS
GRANTED TO ALL CITIZENS.
– THIS COLONY BECAME HOME TO MANY EUROPEAN IMMIGRANTS
• IMPORTANT PERSON: WILLIAM PENN
GEORGIA
* LAST OF THE 13 COLONIES*
(SOUTHERN REGION)
• YEAR FOUNDED: 1732
• FOUNDED BY: JAMES OGLETHORPE
• MOTIVATION FOR FOUNDING:
IN 1732, JAMES OGLETHORPE WAS GIVEN A CHARTER FROM KING
GEORGE II TO CREATE A NEW COLONY WHICH HE WOULD NAME
GEORGIA. THIS WAS LOCATED BETWEEN SOUTH CAROLINA AND
FLORIDA. IT HAD TWO MAIN PURPOSES: TO SERVE AS A PLACE
WHERE DEBTORS IN PRISON COULD GO TO START NEW AND IT
SERVED AS A BARRIER AGAINST SPANISH EXPANSION FROM
FLORIDA.
• SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: OGLETHORPE’S POLICIES WERE:
PROHIBITED SLAVERY & DRINKING OF RUM
OGLETHROPE POLICIES WERE REVERSED WHEN THE BRITISH
CROWN ASSUMED DIRECT CONTROLOF THE COLONY IN 1752.
IN 1733, A GROUP OF SETTLERS JOINED OGLETHORPE TO FOUND
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.
– GEORGIA BEGAN WITH THE INTENTION TO HAVE LITTLE
LANDHOLDING AND NO SLAVERY. HOWEVER, WHEN IT BECAME A
ROYAL COLONY IN 1752, PLANTATIONS AND SLAVERY BECAME A
MAJOR PART OF THE GEORGIAN ECONOMY.
– GEORGIA WAS IN THE FIRST GROUP OF STATES TO RATIFY THE
NEW CONSTITUTION AFTER THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR ENDED.
• IMPORTANT PEOPLE: KING GEORGE II, JAMES OGLETHORPE