Right-Wing (often Reactionary) Terrorist Groups At least 26 definitions of right wing extremism; common features include nationalism, racism, xenophobia, anti-democracy Can be both revolutionary and reactionary; often focused on preserving status quo Commonly associated with racial supremacists, “othering” and “us” versus “them” 1791 Whiskey Rebellion Klu Klux Klan (KKK) Wesley Swift - Anglo-Israelism (Americans are the lost tribes of Israel William Potter Gale - Posse Comitatus Richard Butler - Aryan Nations Often thrive on conspiracy theories Protocols of Zion: Jews are out to control the world Often emphasize patriotism and anti-gun controls Christian Identity: Jews have gained control of the United States, and white Christians must rise up to resist this RAHOWA - racial holy war William Pierce (“Andrew Macdonald”), leader of the National Alliance (Christian Identity group); owned Resistance Records, Skinhead hate music The Turner Diaries: Race war begins in U.S. after the government takes away firearms; very anti-Semitic; lots of “how to” guidance for conducting terror attacks (including truck bombs) Hunter: story of a lone wolf who decides to launch a one- person revolution Leaderless Resistance (Colonel Ulius Amoss, Louis Beam) April 19, 1985 – CSA seige, Elijiah, MO Early 1990s – Congress debates Brady Bill (finally passed and signed into law November 1993) August 1992 – Weaver siege, Ruby Ridge, ID April 19, 1994 – Branch Davidians siege, Waco, TX April 19, 1995 - Oklahoma City (Timothy McVeigh) Increase in Right-wing extremist activity Internet used to spread conspiracy theories and racial supremacist ideologies Immigration has become hot topic, especially when combined with economic grievances Founded by Richard G. Butler Aligned with Church of Jesus Christ-Christian bought 20-acre compound, Hayden Lake, near Coeur d'Alene, ID Dedicated to “the establishment of a white Aryan homeland on the North American continent” Combines elements of Christian Identity and Neo-Nazi racial supremacy Brought together several right-wing extremist movements Founded in early 1980s by Robert Matthews Preparing to fight a future war against a corrupt, Jewish-influenced government Armored car heist, bank robberies Killed Jewish radio talk show host in Denver Founded during 1980s in Texas; claims to have chapters in Australia, Germany, Hungary, Italy and New Zealand Members involved in assaults, arson, attacks with knives and isolated shooting incidents Hammerskin Press: literature, hate music record label; rock concerts, etc. Advocates violence against all non-whites Calls for the overthrow of the U.S. government and the establishment of an autonomous homeland for whites of European descent Responsible for attacks against blacks, gays, and Jews Originally founded in the Pacific Northwest, its leaders move the headquarters to Arkansas Any believer in the cause can be a member Richard Kelly Hoskins - book (1990) Vigilantes of Christiandom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood A leaderless movement of vigilante Christian faithful, vehemently opposed to racial mixing, fraternization with Jews, and abortion Act in accordance with the ideology; will eventually reassert the dominance of righteous white Christians on Earth Adherents include Eric Rudolph, Paul Hill, James Kopp, Clayton Lee Waagner, Paul Evans For more, see: Global Terrorism Database Profiles http://www.start.umd.edu/start/data_collections/tops/ National Counterterrorism Center Profiles http://www.nctc.gov/site/profiles/index.html Racial supremacy, Jewish conspiracy, Christian Identity Many view themselves as a “revolutionary vanguard” but can also promote “ leaderless resistance” Most right-wing groups have failed to achieve their objectives, but unlike left-wing groups many are still active today