design
theresa m. winge
Fall 2008
design
• creative problem-solving (v.)
• product (or idea) resulting from
creative problem-solving (n.)
design history
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industrial revolution (technology)
modernism (art and philosophy)
bauhaus (education)
“women’s work”
contemporary design (movements)
industrial revolution
• late 18th and early 19th century
• industrialization of the Western world
• impact on fashion
• technology
• cotton gin
• sewing machine
• science
• textiles
• unions
• UCLA
modernism
• late 19th and early
20th century
• cultural, social, fine
arts, applied arts,
etc. movement
• experimentation and
fragmentation of the
human experience
• characterized by
deviations from
cultural norms
• reject tradition in
favor of new ways to
“make”
bauhaus history
•Walter Gropius
•1919 founded
•Werkbund
movement
•Weimar Art
Academy and the
Weimar Arts and
Crafts School
•combine art and
craft (skills)
bauhaus school
Bauhaus ideology
• to design team work cooperatively and
combine their skills.
• to combine the areas of arts and crafts
(skills).
• to elevate the status of crafts and
design to the same level as fine arts,
painting, sculpting, etc.
• to create and maintain industry
contacts, in order to create designs that
are marketable and user-friendly.
design process
design elements and principles
“form follows function”
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design motto
form = aesthetic
function = purpose
aesthetic based on
purpose
bauhaus design critique
• Design is a collaborative, not individual activity
• Not all design is created by professionals
• Emphasizes production at expense of creative
contribution of consumers/ users/ makers
• Political critique of linking morality with
architecture, and of ‘Whig’ interpretation of
history as bound up with ‘progress’
• Pluralism rather than single-strand development
the norm
• Form does not necessarily follow function, or
new technology
• Where are women? The emphasis on
architecture and product design marginalises
areas like fashion, craft
contemporary design
•marcel bruer
•studied at bauhaus
•changed bauhaus’
direction from “arts
and crafts” to “arts
and technology”
•harvard university
•Post-modern
•d schools
harvard graduate center
(1950)
whitney museum of american art
New York City 1966
contemporary design challenges
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human rights
animal rights
environmental issues
social injustices
civil rights (and liberties)
sustainability issues
“women’s work”
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domestic arts
home economics
human ecology
dress studies
fashion design
apparel merchandising
green design
virtual design
references
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20th Century Desinger Data Publisher. “Marcel Breuer”.r20thcentury.com /bios/designers.
BBC Education. “Walter Gropius”. bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/centurions/gropius/gropbiog
.html.
Design Technology. “Marcel Lajos Breuer”. www.design technology.org/Marcel Breuer.html.
Elam, Kimberly. Geometry of Design. Princeton Architectural Press, 2001.
Meggs, Philip B and Alston W. Purvis. Meggs’ History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., 2006.
Flores, G. “Bauhaus”. History of the Bauhaus. people.ucsc.edu/~gflores/bauhaus/history.html.
Huovio, Ilkka. “Bauhaus: The New Man The New Technology”. www.uiah.fi/presentation/
history/ ebauh.html..
Morgan, Ann. & Naylor, Colin. Contemporary Architects, 2nd edition. Cicago:Saint James Press,
1987.
Rowland, Anna. Bauhaus Source Book. New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990.
Sharp, Dennis. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Architects and Architecture. New York: Quatro
Publishing, 1991.
The Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities. “Gropius House”.
spnea.org.