By: Heman Matharu and Stuart Bibeau
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1810-1820
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Creoles wanted to extend their power, mainly to
assert their power over the Peninsulares.
Escape the heavy hand of the Spanish government
in implementing high taxes and new government
reforms
Attempt to unite all types of people - except the
Peninsulares - in Mexico to create a non-monarch
government
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1811-1823
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To abolish the restrictive mercantilism laws by the
monarch
To revolt against the French acquisition of the
crown by Joseph Bonaparte
To unite the factions created by the power vacuum
caused by the dissolution of the Spanish monarch
 Struggles and disagreements between along the lines
of race, class, and ideology of people in Spanish
colonies of Mexico and Venezuela, as a result of
Spanish rule
 Creole landowners and most whites feared social
rebellion from lower classes and races such as Native
Americans and slaves that made up a majority of
population, which had taken land from Native
Americans years prior
 European invasions and attacks by the Portuguese on
the Spanish weakened Spanish political authority,
money, and will to fight a costly war in Americas
 Father Hidalgo- rang church bells to speak to community about
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grievances against Spanish rule, killed by Spanish authorities
Agustin de Iturbide- general that conquered Mexico City and several
other victories that convinced Spain to grant Mexico independence,
first president
Simon Bolivar- government and military figurehead that sought to lead
Venezuelan independence and combine six South American countries
into the Gran Columbia
José María Morelos- leader and general of Mexican Revolution after
death of Father Hidalgo and took Acapulco and Guerreó
Napoleón Bonaparte- general and leader of France, whose invasions of
Spain and Portugal put country in disarray, allowing Latin American
countries to win independence
Francesco de Miranda- Venezuelan general that traveled and brought
Enlightenment ideas to Latin America, led creation of First Venezuelan
Republic, but tried to flee and was turned into Spanish
 Painting by Arturo Michelena.
 Painting by Jose Gil de Castro
 www.biography.com
 www.nndb.com
 www.myartprints.co.uk
 elrincondelsabanero.blogspot.com
September 16 1810,
January 2, 1811
Father Hidalgo gives a
speech to the crowd about
why Mexico should seek
independence from
Spain, and why they need
racial equality and other
reforms Spain would not
give them
Miguel Hidalgo is executed, inspires
fellow priests Morelos y Pavón to
continue revolution, who was later
killed
1810
1825
August 24, 1821,
Agustin de Iturbide’s
previous military victories
leads to the signing of the
Treaty of Cordoba ,
proclaiming Mexican
Independence
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King Iturbide was ousted as King of Mexico, and a Republic was
created one year after he took the throne.
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Popular sovereignty was victorious over the monarch, but it did not
extend to the peasants or the other lower class citizens.
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While women did help Mexico win its independence, women still
were disenfranchised.
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500,000 to 1,000,000 people were killed as a result
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There were still many conflicts and wars even after the revolution
was won.
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Both fought against high taxes
Both did not grant women equal rights
Both did create a Republic
Both feared common citizens from ruling, only
property owning men could vote.
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Mexico did not weaken the power of the church, leaving
the Catholic church a prominent power in government
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The US had already created a shadow government before
the start or the end of the war, while Mexico had to oust its
new King of Mexico
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Rather than diminishing its tax on mixed race people and
Native Americans, Mexico continues to tax them for
revenue, as the US removed the government’s ability to tax
in the beginning.
•
King Iturbide was ousted as King of Mexico, and a Republic was
created one year after he took the throne.
•
Popular sovereignty was victorious over the monarch, but it did not
extend to the peasants or the other lower class citizens.
•
While women did help Mexico win its independence, women still
were disenfranchised.
•
500,000 to 1,000,000 people were killed as a result
•
There were still many conflicts and wars even after the revolution
was won.
•
•
•
To abolish the restrictive mercantilism laws by the
monarch
To revolt against the French acquisition of the
crown by Joseph Bonaparte
To unite the factions created by the power vacuum
caused by the dissolution of the Spanish monarch
July 5, 1811
August 7, 1819
Venezuela follows Simon
Bolivar’s speech in seeking to
lead American independence
and declares independence
General Simon Bolivar defeats
royalist forces in the Battle of
Boyacá
1825
June 24, 1821
Spain recognizes Venezuela's
independence after Simon Bolivar
defeats Spanish troops at Carabobo
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800,000 Venezuelans were killed
The formation of the Gran Columbia gave suit to
the Republic of Venezuela after two Republics of
Venezuela were created
The resulting government still lent itself to
dictatorships by elected presidents, which lead to
more conflict
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Formed a union of many nations (Gran Columbia)
and then received pressure to split.
Fought against Spain with the mentality that all of
them were Venezuelans and not Spanish, similar to
what the American colonists practiced.
Did not grant equal rights to women, like the
American revolution.
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Broke up from the Gran Columbia to the several
nations, including the independent Venezuela.
Deep political instability in Venezuela after the war,
unlike the Us.
The Venezuelan Republic had fallen multiple times
before declaring its final independence, while
America did not.
 People of color were oppressed by the White class
superior elite rulers
 The revolutionary movement began when a leader
called upon the social minorities to unite against the
foreign rule, be it Spanish or French rule
 First leaders, Toussaint Louverture and Father
Hidalgo were killed by the leaders of the country that
had control of the colony
 Helped by the fact that Spain was having trouble
fighting against Portugal, Haitians helped by French
seeking foreign territory, fight British
 Haitians fought against French rule, South American
revolutions were fought against Spanish rule
 Bolivar and the Spanish American revolutions did not just
free Venezuela, but five other countries, did not unite
together like the groups in the Haitian revolution
 Haitian revolution was primarily a slave revolt, Spanish
American revolts were from the lower classes of society,
such as African Americans and Native Americans
 Hidalgo and Mexican revolution also meant to achieve land
lost by forefathers to Spanish, Haitians were slaves that
wanted freedom
 The lower classes were of peasants were suppressed by
taxes
 Both inspired by the ideals of the American
Revolution and Enlightenment
 Third Estate resented the upper Estates of social class
in France, while African Americans, Mulattos, and
Native Americans had little social status in Latin
America
 Leaders of rebellion were killed during the revolution
 French Revolution was internal disagreement over
leadership of the country, decide course of country’s
policy, while Spanish American Revolutions were
against foreign rule
 Initial leaders of the French Revolution were killed or
replaced by further generations of French
Revolutionaries, while Spanish American Revolution
only sought to remove the Spanish from power
 France was strengthened by revolution, Spain was
weakened by revolution
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Works Cited
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"Atlantic Revolutions, Global Echoes 1750-1914." Chapter 16 (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
“Independence from Spain in Venezuela.” About.com Latin American History. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.
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"Latin American Revolutions: 1800-1914." Timetoast. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/latin-american-revolutions-1800-1914>.
“Mexican Revolution.” PBS History Detectives. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.
"Mr. Trainor's Page: Stuyvesant High School." Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2014.
<http://mrtrainor.sharepoint.com/>.
“The Mexican Revolution.” National Endorsement for The Humanities. Web. 15 Feb. 2014.
“Venezuelan Revolution.” Michigan State University. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.
"Venezuela Timeline." Venezuela Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.datesandevents.org/places-timelines/42-venezuela-timeline.htm>.