China’s National Interests
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Economic Development
Secession and Territorial Integrity
Peaceful Rise
Creation of a Socialist Harmonious Society
Improved International Standing
Territorial Integrity
• Population 1.3 billion people in an area of
9,596,960 sq km.
• Ethnic diversity – Han Chinese are the
majority ethnic group.
• 3 areas that are challenging the autonomy of
Beijing;
– Taiwan
– Tibet
– Uighur
Uighur
Tibet
Taiwan
‘One China’
• Chinese territory can’t be divided into two
Chinas or one China and one Taiwan.
• ‘One country, two systems’ with Taiwan is
possible.
Power and Territorial Integrity
• How does China use power to achieve
territorial integrity?
Terminology
• ROC: Republic of China = Taiwan
‘One China’
• The policy advocated by the PRC that the
government in Beijing is the sole legitimate
government of China.
• How does this relate to
– Taiwan?
– Tibet?
– Xinjiang?
• China is a concept… not a nation?
History of Taiwan
• Prior to WWII Chinese Nationalists (KMT) and
Communists (CCP) were engaged in civil war.
• Japanese invaded in 1937 and made
significant territorial gains.
• KMT and CCP stopped fighting each other and
turned to fighting the Japanese.
• WWII occurs: US supports China.
• Civil War resumes after WWII
History of Taiwan
• CCP forces KMT to retreat to Formosa
(Taiwan).
• KMT (Chiang Kai-shek) establishes
government in Formosa (Taiwan).
• US shields Taiwan from Chinese aggression,
because of Cold War politics.
• China / US exist in stalemate; China doesn’t
attack as long as US doesn’t recognise Taiwan.
China’s National Interest
• How does this relate to China’s National
Interest?
Article analysis
• “From troublemaker to peacemaker”
– What are the main points of this article?
– Do a SWOT analysis for Taiwan’s position in the
Asia-Pacific.
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
US Involvement
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3d59UtxR
dLE&feature=related
Two agreements…
• 1978 Normalisation Agreement
• 1979 Taiwan Relations Act (TRA)
Hot Flashes
• These are good illustrations of the different
methods of resolution that Beijing pursues
alongside other long-term policies.
Hot Flashes
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1995-1996 Taiwan-China missile crisis
2000 Taiwanese presidential election
2001 EP-3 crisis
2001 APEC and WTO crisis
2004 Taiwanese referenda and presidential elections
2005 Events of 2005
2006 Taiwan scraps the National Unification Council
2008 Events of 2008