WORLD WAR II
Warm-Up: Pick up WWII Packet + Assignment Page
• Schedule
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Warm-Up
Finish Cinderella Man Essay
Discuss Outline of WWII unit
Section 1 reading + questions
• Assignment  Section 1 Questions
• Closure  How did the world begin to go down
the road to another world war?
League of Nations Section:
• “We are only a small race; but…I know, as you know, that if
mankind lets its armies and gas destroy my country and people,
civilization will be destroyed as well…why do not all do
something to drive off this common danger…this agony, this
death…soon to be spread fatally to your homes…we shall die.”
-Princess Tashai (of Abyssinia)
Great Depression Section:
Unemployment
Year
1,320,000
1929
3,000,000
1930
5,102,000
1932
Votes for Nazis
Year
810,000
1928
6,409,000
1930
13,779,000
1932
Warm-Up: On board, find specified group +
questions
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ Causes of WWII (pgs. 1-5)  group work
▫ Whole class review of WWII causes
• Assignment: Section 1 Questions
• Closure  If Hitler never existed, WWII would
never have happened?
Warm-Up: Answer question on page 6
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ OSS Operatives: Italy, Germany,
USSR & Japan
 In groups create report for President
FDR
▫ Whole class review of dictators
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  What are the
circumstances for the rise of
dictators?
Warm-Up: Answer questions on page 25-26
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ PPT  Road to Armageddon + Appeasement
▫ Primary Source Analysis  Quotes, Maps, Political
Cartoons
 Austria  Munich  Nazi-Soviet Pact
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  What events led to the outbreak of WWII?
The Road to Armageddon
• In the 1930s, dictators in
Europe/Japan seized territory
and threatened all who opposed
them
• Little was done to stop them
• Italy, Germany, Japan all
wanted more land
▫ 1936, Hitler & Mussolini
formed alliance – Rome-Berlin
Axis
 Japan joined 1940 (Rome-BerlinTokyo Axis)
Appeasement Reasons
• Great Depression kept them too occupied w/ their own
problems
• If had to fight Hitler & Mussolini, needed Stalin’s
help—didn’t trust him
▫ Communist country (threat to democracy +
capitalism)
• The huge cost of WWI (money & lives) made many feel
that war was pointless
• Western leaders mistakenly believed Hitler did NOT
want war
• Disarmament policies after WWI left Britain and
France militarily behind Germany
Warm-Up: Answer question on page 31
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ PPT  WWII Begins, West Success, Allies Refuse
Surrender & Operation Barbarossa
▫ Apocalypse WWII (clips which highlight strategy,
battles)
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  How did the world change from 1939-1941?
List 5-6 things.
WWII Begins
• Germany invaded Poland
September 1, 1939 (helped
by Nazi-Soviet Pact)
▫ 2 days later, Britain &
France declared war on
Germany  WWII
• German army surprised
world by destroying Poland
in less than a month
▫ Using new warfare –
blitzkrieg (lightning
war)
 Used speed & surprise w/
tanks, troops, planes
Success in the West
• April 1940, Hitler conquered Denmark &
Norway and planned the blitz of the west
▫ Plans changed due to plane crash in
Belgium
 Plane carried battle strategies  Still
France/Britain did nothing
• Tactical Change  Instead of attacking northern
France, Germans sent bulk of forces through
Ardennes Forest—rocky terrain + bad for tanks
▫ France never thought Germany would send tanks
here
▫ Worked too well—tanks rolling fast and outran own
troops
▫ Hitler gets nervous (afraid for troops)  tells tanks
to pause
▫ Gives Allied forces ability to escape at Dunkirk to
England (Miracle at Dunkirk)
• After Dunkirk, France surrendered in under 4
weeks
▫ Germany gets 3/5 France
▫ Southern France (Vichy) remain under French
control BUT collaborate with Germans
• In London, French freedom-fighter, Charles de
Gaulle push for continued resistance
Allies Refuse to Surrender
• Now only Britain stood in
Hitler’s way
▫ To invade Britain, Hitler
needs to destroy Royal Air
Force (RAF)
▫ Summer & Fall 1940 RAF
fought German Air Force—
Luftwaffe—in Battle of Britain
 Despite constant bombing,
Britain refused to give in
 1941, Congress approve LendLease Act—US would lend/lease
resources + equipment to Allies
Operation Barbarossa
• By 1941, Hitler controlled most of Europe
(except Britain + Soviet Union)
• Hitler worried that Stalin was going to invade
Nazi Germany (even with treaty)
▫ Hitler’s main goal—elimination of the Soviet
Union (clip 1430-1625)
• June 22, 1941  Hitler launched Operation
Barbarossa—invasion of Soviet Union
▫ By Fall, German troops deep into Soviet territory
▫ Clip (1430-1625—why scorched earth policy?)
▫ As Soviets fall back, they follow Stalin’s orders called scorchedearth policy—burn everything left behind
▫ In August, Hitler had major decision to make:
 Take Moscow—capital city + transportation center +
armament
 Focus North (Leningrad—armaments) + South (wheat + oil)
 Center Army—most successful + largest enemy defenses
 Need food + oil for armed forces
• What decision would you make? Take Moscow or
Leningrad/South? Explain why.
• (Clip 3047-3230)
▫ By December, tired troops, snow + Russian
resistance stop German advance (18 miles
from Moscow) (Clip 42-49)
▫ Germany’s inability to defeat Soviet Union in
1941  German armies no longer invincible =
hope
Warm-Up: Pearl Harbor Comparison pgs. 32-33
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ PPT  Pearl Harbor + Home-front
▫ Assignment Page 2
• Assignment: Assignment Page 2
• Closure  How did the US, domestically, change
in 1941?
European War turns into
World War
• 1940 Japan joined Axis Alliance
(Germany + Italy)
• Even with Lend-Lease Act, US follow
isolationist policy
▫ Neutrality Acts—limit the sale of
weapons to warring countries
• 1941 Hideki Tojo took over and made
Japan more warlike
▫ Took over Southeast Asian islands
(oil)
▫ In response, US stop selling Japan
equipment + oil
▫ US Navy in Hawaii—Pearl Harbor—
stands in the way of further
Japanese conquest
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv1niwxQgoY
• Dec 7, 1941  Japanese
airplanes attacked Pearl
Harbor
▫ ‘Day which will live in
infamy’
▫ Not hugely successful for
Japanese  no aircraft
carriers + submarines sunk
• US declares war on Japan 
Germany declares war on US
• By end of 1941
▫ Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan)
vs. Allies (Britain, US, French
resistance, USSR)
Home-Front: War Support
• During WWII, govt. set up War
Production Board (WPB) to
organize production of military
equipment & supplies
▫ US produce 60% Allied
ammo
▫ By 1945  300,000 planes +
75,000 ships
• Factories needed many workers
to produce these supplies
• These jobs helped end Great
Depression
• As armed forces needed more goods, Americans
at home lost goods
▫ For example, American car companies did not
make any cars 1942-1945
▫ Meat, tires, shoes, gasoline, sugar were also
short in supply
▫ So govt. used system of rationing – families get
fixed amount of certain goods (so enough for
all Americans)
• War was expensive
▫ To help pay, govt. raised income taxes & sold
war bonds – loans govt. promised to repay w/
interest
 Americans bought enough to raise billions for war
Opportunities & Tensions for Minorities
• War created jobs for
minorities
▫ More than million
African Americans
worked in war industry
 Many moved to North
& West for these jobs
 Racism increased in
these areas, however
WHY??
• A. Philip Randolph –
black labor leader –
worked to gain blacks
equal rights
 He threatened to lead
march through
Washington, D.C.
 To stop them, FDR
issued Executive Order
8802 – outlawed
discrimination in
defense industries
• Native Americans + Hispanics worked in war factories
 This included Mexican workers called braceros (farm
laborers)
• Minorities (Hispanics + Blacks + Native Americans)
also served in armed forces
▫ About million blacks served in military 
segregated
 One unit – Tuskegee Airmen – black pilots who served w/
honor in North Africa & Europe
Women Opportunities
• With so many men fighting
overseas, women needed to fill
jobs
▫ 1945, 19 million women worked
in US
 Worked in munitions factories,
shipyards, & offices
 Most of country supported “Rosie
the Riveter” – image of strong
woman at work
• Over 300,000 women served in
armed forces
▫ Many were mechanics, drivers,
clerks and nurses
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 35
• Schedule
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Warm-Up
Los Angeles Times Quote
PPT  Internment, Korematsu v. US
Kenji
Pictorial Analysis
• Assignment: Assignment Page 2
• Closure  During war time, can there ever be
justification for limiting basic rights? Why or why
not?
Internment of Japanese-Americans
• During war, Americans treated
German & Italian Americans
badly
• But after Pearl Harbor, JapaneseAmericans were treated worse
• The attack on Pearl Harbor
shocked the American public,
resulting in widespread hysteria
and paranoia.
▫ Anti-Japanese feelings
swept across America
after Pearl Harbor
• FDR signed Executive
Order 9066 –– allowed
removal of Japanese &
Japanese-Americans
from west coast
▫ More than 110,000
Japanese-Americans
were rounded up
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BJjo0BCbGo&feature=related
The Camps:
Name
State
Opened
Max. Pop
Manzana
r
Californi
a
March
1942
10,046
Tule
Lake
Californi
a
May 1942 18,789
Poston
Arizona
May 1942 17,814
Gila
River
Arizona
July 1942 13,348
Granada
Colorado
August
1942
7,318
Heart
Mountai
n
Wyoming
August
1942
10,767
Minidoka Idaho
August
1942
9,397
Topaz
Utah
Septemb
er 1942
8,130
Rohwer
Arkansas
Septemb
er 1942
8,475
Jerome
Arkansas
October
8,497
Korematsu v. US 1944
• Of all the Japanese removed,
about 2/3 were Nisei–
Japanese-Americans born in
US
• Fred Korematsu refused to
leave home – arrested
• 1944, Korematsu appealed to
Supreme Court – argued
Executive Order 9066 was
unconstitutional
▫ Supreme Court disagreed =
war time
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pgs 39-40
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
 Work in small groups and complete review questions
 Class review
• Assignment: Study for Quiz (Sections 1 + 2)
• Closure  How did WWII get started? How did
WWII impact the US?
Warm-Up: QUIZ
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
 When finished, complete Assignment page 4
• Assignment: Assignment Page 4
• Closure  How did WWII get started? How did
WWII impact the US?
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 41
• Schedule
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Warm-Up
PPT  Turn of the Tide battles
Apocalypse WWII clips
Section 3 Assignment Packet
• Assignment: Page 3
• Closure  How did Germany’s war position
change by 1944?
A Turn of the Tide: Africa
• Allies started to plan to
invade Europe
▫ But Churchill (Prime
Minister of Britain)
thought Allies were
unprepared for that attack
▫ He convinced Allies to kick
Germans out of North
Africa first
▫ Then Allies could invade
Europe through Italy
• Since 1940, Britain had been
fighting Axis for control of North
Africa (Egypt)
▫ British wanted Egypt b/c gave
them access to Suez Canal –
shortest route to Asia & Middle
East oil
▫ British in Africa faced tough
opponent – General Erwin
Rommel (“The Desert Fox”) and
his Afrika Korps
▫ June 1942, Afrika Korps pushed
British to El Alamein (200 miles
from Suez)
 If successful  Germany could
obtain oil from the Middle East and
join up with other German troops in
Southern Russia
• British stopped Germans at El Alamein & forced them
to retreat
• Allied troops under General Dwight D. Eisenhower
landed in N. Africa November 1942
▫ Allies eventually pushed Rommel back & forced
surrender (Rommel ran out of gas)
A Turn of the Tide: Italy
• Allies invasion of Sicily (island in
Mediterranean Sea) July 1943 made
possible due to successes in North
Africa
• From Sicily, invade Southern Italy
• By this time, Italians had turned on
Mussolini (imprisoned him)
• Although Mussolini escaped (Hitler
freed him), new Italian govt.
surrendered Sept. 1943
• Hitler had to send troops to protect
Allies from invaded Germany—
troops badly needed in Russia
A Turn of the Tide: Soviet Union
• For 3 years, Hitler armies won battle after battle
• However, the German war on Soviet Union ended in
disaster (clips 1735-2230 + 2800-3030)
• Sept. 1942, Germans attacked Stalingrad – important
industrial city
▫ Soviet army fiercely defended city
▫ As winter came, German commander asked to retreat –
Hitler refused
• Soviet troops counterattacked during winter
▫ Trapped Germans & cut off their food & supplies
• Feb. 1943, German troops surrendered
▫ Both sides had suffered huge casualties
• Germany’s defeat in Stalingrad was turning point of WWII
▫ From then on, Soviet troops pushed Germans back
toward Germany
A Turn of the Tide: D-Day
• Hitler soon had problems in west as well
• June 1944, Allies’ plan to invade France began – Operation Overlord
▫ Invasion commanded by Eisenhower
▫ Midnight, June 6, Allied paratroopers landed behind German lines
in Normandy
▫ Early morning, 150,000 American troops landed on beaches of
Normandy
 This assault became known as D-Day (largest land-sea operation
in military history)
▫ Although Germans were surprised, over 10,000 Allied casualties
▫ But the Allies won control of beaches  Begin advance towards
Germany
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFQIuF590B4
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 43
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ PPT  Collapse of Germany
▫ The Path to Genocide
 Nuremberg Laws
 Kristallnacht
 St. Louis Voyage
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  How did Germany put itself on the path to
Genocide?
Planning the Postwar World
• Feb. 1945, Allies met at Yalta Conference
– Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
▫ They made plans for end of war &
future of Europe
 Stalin promised to fight Japan after
Germany surrendered
 Also agreed to start postwar international
peacekeeping organization (UN)
 They also talked about what types of govt.
would run Europe after war
• April 1945, just after winning 4th term as
president, FDR died
▫ Vice-President Harry S. Truman took
over the war effort
Germany Surrenders!!
• April 1945, Russians reached Berlin
▫ Inside his bunker, Adolf Hitler knew
war was over
▫ April 30, 1945, Hitler & Eva Braun
committed suicide (after wedding)
rather than face defeat & capture
▫ Many high-ranking Nazis also
committed suicide (Josef Goebbels,
Hermann Goering, Heinrich
Himmler)
▫ Days later, Soviets controlled Berlin
• May 7, 1945, Germans gave Allies
their unconditional surrender
• May 8, 1945—VE-DAY (Victory in
Europe)—war in Europe was over!
After Germany surrenders, Allied forces found a terrible scene in Germany….
Not just for adults…
• Aryan superiority was preached from a young
age
▫ Hitler Youth = train in Nazi doctine
Why would someone teach these things to children?
Now, for a few examples….
Coloring Book Page
• The caption at the
bottom of the page asks
“Do you know him?” In
the upper lefthand
corner is the der Sturmer
logo featuring a Star of
David superimposed
over a caricature of a
Jewish face. The caption
under the star states that
“without a solution to the
Jewish question, there
will be no salvation for
mankind.”
But the Germans — they stand foursquare.
Look, children, and the two compare,
The German and the Jew.
Take a good look at the two
In the picture drawn for you.
A joke — you think it is only that?
Easy to guess which is which, I say:
The German stands up, the Jew gives way.
The German is a proud young man,
Able to work and able to fight.
Because he is a fine big chap,
For danger does not care a rap,
The Jew has always hated him!
Here is the Jew, as all can see,
Biggest ruffian in our country;
He thinks himself the greatest beau
And yet is the ugliest, you know!
The Father of the Jews is the Devil
At the creation of the world
The Lord God conceived the races:
Red Indians, Negroes, and Chinese,
And Jew, too, the rotten crew.
And we were also on the scene:
We Germans midst this motley medleyHe gave them all a piece of earth
To work with the sweat of their brow.
But the Jew went on strike at once!
For the devil rode him from the first.
Cheating, not working, was his aim;
For lying, he got first prize
In less than no time from the Father of Lies.
Pharaoh saw this folk, and said:
“I’ll torment the lazy blighters,
These people shall make bricks for me.”
The Jew did this all wailing and whining,
Never was there such cursing and swearing,
With bent backs and over-big slippers.
Even today we see them shambling
With lip hanging down and great red noses
And looking daggers, flashing hate.
They owe Pharaoh thanks,
Who trounced them soundly for their pranks.
The Jews soon had enough of that!
The Devil brought them to Germany.
Like thieves they stole into our land
Hoping to get the upper hand.
Excerpt from a Booklet Given to 14 Year
Old Germans in School
• You now know how to select your spouse, and understand the
meaning of the following principles from the Reich Office for
People’s Health:
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Remember that you are a German.
Do not fail to marry if you are genetically healthy.
Keep your body pure.
Keep your mind and soul clean.
As a German, take a spouse only of the same or of Nordic blood.
In choosing a spouse, ask about his or her ancestry.
Health is the prerequisite for outward beauty.
Marry only out of love.
Do not seek a plaything, but rather a companion for marriage.
You should want as many children as possible.
• http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/en/media_oi.
php?ModuleId=10007695&MediaId=2713
• http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/en/media_oi.
php?ModuleId=10007695&MediaId=2711
• http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/en/media_oi.
php?ModuleId=10007701&MediaId=1135
• 2. “Why didn't they all leave?”
• When a student asks this question, frequently they are wondering about German
Jews before the start of 1939. After this is clarified, discuss what is involved in
leaving one's homeland as well as what sacrifices must be made. Remind
students that German Jews were in most cases patriotic citizens. Over 10,000
died fighting for Germany in World War I, and countless others were wounded
and received medals for their valor and service. Jews, whether in the lower,
middle, or upper classes, had lived in Germany for centuries and were well
assimilated in the early twentieth century. It is important to share with students
that the oppressive measures targeting Jews in the pre-war period were passed
and enforced gradually. Also, these types of pre-war measures and laws had
been experienced throughout the history of the Jewish people in earlier periods
and in other countries as well. No one at the time could foresee or predict killing
squads and killing centers. Student may assume that German Jews knew what
was coming and therefore should have fled immediately. It is also helpful to pose
a question to the students, considering the gradual nature of the process and the
unknown events ahead. “What event or action (without the '20-20 hindsight'
that we have) should have convinced the Jews to flee?” Once the difficult
decision is made to try to leave the country, a prospective emigrant must find a
country willing to admit them and their family. This was very difficult,
considering world immigration policies, as demonstrated by the results of the
Evian Conference of 1938. If a safe haven could be found, what was needed to
get there? Please open the two documents and consider how to illustrate this
difficult dilemma (trying to leave Germany). The answer to this seemingly
simple question becomes very complicated!
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 46
• Schedule
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Warm-Up
PPT  Holocaust
Night by Elie Wiesel
Band of Brothers
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  Describe the experiences of
concentration camp life.
The Holocaust
• Hitler viewed Aryans as the “master race,”
destined to rule the world.
• To make his empire (the Third Reich)
“pure,” Hitler planned to eliminate Jews
▫ But unsure @ first how to do it—
“Jewish Question”
• 1941, Hitler decided on “Final Solution” to
this question – exterminate Jews in
Europe
▫ This act of genocide—systematic and
planned extermination of an entire
national, racial, political, or ethnic
group—now known as the Holocaust
▫ Man responsible – Heinrich Himmler
(leader of the SS—military arm of Nazi
Party)
▫ Built 15,000 camps
• Types of camps
▫ concentration camps-where prisoners were forced to
perform slave labor
▫ extermination camps-where Jews and others were
sent for execution
• What groups of people were sent to these camps?
▫ Jews, Poles, Gypsies, Communists, Homosexuals,
POW’s, Handicapped, Catholics & Socially
Undesirables (homeless)
▫ These groups rounded up by SS and sent to camps
Upon Arrival
• When they arrived at
camps:
▫ stripped of clothing and
possessions
▫ heads shaved
▫ disinfected (for lice) &
showers
▫ striped uniforms
▫ identification number
(tattooed “117564”)
▫ Extermination camps
were different
• Selection – off train and get in right line to
work or left to gas chamber
• All done to dehumanize prisoners, so easier
for guards to imprison them
Typical Day
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Taken from barracks (300-800 people lived)
Slept in bunk beds (3 or 4 in each bed)
Started at or before dawn (roll call)
Breakfast—small piece of stale bread and a bowl of “soup” or
“coffee” once daily
Worked 10-14 hours in mines, factories, or building roads
All this while guards beat & taunted them, doctors tortured
them
Electrified barbwire, watchtowers, spotlights
If anyone resisted or tried to escape, whole camp punished
Horrors Revealed
• Most notorious camp—Auschwitz (concentration &
extermination together)
▫ Most people sent to death camps were killed
▫ At first, Nazis buried victims in huge graves
▫ Eventually, they cremated bodies in huge ovens
(crematoria)
• Exact number of dead unknown:
▫ Approximately 6 million Jews, 15 million people overall
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Sbs9CXueDk 300505 Einsatzgruppen
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHcJtU9dr6I
Band of Brothers
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 48
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ Boy in the Striped Pajamas
 Movie Clips + Questions
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  Describe the experiences of
concentration camp life.
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 49
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ PPT  War in the Pacific
▫ HBO The Pacific
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  How was the war in the Pacific
different from the theatres of war in
Europe/Africa? List 3-4 things.
War in the Pacific
• Japan’s empire
threatened American
possessions in Pacific
• When US entered war,
had to fight on multiple
fronts (Europe, Africa,
Pacific)
• By December 1941, Japan
controlled Hong Kong,
Thailand, Guam, Wake
Island
• Invaded US controlled Philippines 1941
▫ American troops (led by Gen. Douglas MacArthur) held
Japanese off for months
▫ US feared Japan would then hit Australia
▫ FDR ordered MacArthur to move to Australia
▫ After MacArthur left, Japan attacked Bataan
▫ US troops surrendered & forced on Bataan Death March
▫ 70,000 prisoners forced to march 60 miles (many died
on way)
Turn of the Pacific Theater of War
• The US stopped the Japanese advance in a variety of
ways:
▫ Spring 1942 Allies started bombing Japanese cities
(especially Tokyo)
▫ US (with navy and air force) blocked Japan’s path to
Australia
▫ Battle of Midway —US & Japanese navies fought
 US destroyed 4 Japanese carriers & 250 planes
 Japan destroyed 1 carrier & 150 planes
 Midway set stage for US forces to free areas from Japan’s
control (turning point)
 Island Hopping  Americans invaded islands not heavily
defended by Japan  use as bases to attack other islands
(get closer to mainland Japan)
Pacific Progress
• 1942—Won first land victory at
Guadalcanal
▫ Navajo Indians played big part
in this victory
▫ To keep Japan from breaking
American codes, US used
Navajo language to carry
messages (Code Talkers)
• 1944-1945—reconquered
Philippines and severely crippled
Japanese navy
• Led by General MacArthur
• Now, Japan started to use new weapon more –
kamikaze – suicide pilots crash into ships
• US need bases closer to Japanese mainland
▫ Successfully invade Iwo Jima & Okinawa
 Bloody contest (18,000 US marines + 120,000 Japanese)
• Fighting style of Japanese began to affect strategy:
land-invasion v. atomic bomb
Atomic Weapons end the War
• Summer 1945,
Japan continue
losing battle
• US military fear
tremendous
loses—
200,0001,000,000
casualties
• 1942, US set up Manhattan Project
– secret program to build atomic
bomb
▫ American physicist J. Robert
Oppenheimer made bomb
 July 16, 1945, 1st atomic bomb
successfully tested in New
Mexico
 President Harry Truman (FDR’s
former VP) warned Japan if
they didn’t surrender, they
faced destruction  Japan
refused
• August 6, 1945, B-29 bomber—Enola Gay—
dropped bomb on Hiroshima (industrial center
with large civilian population)
▫ Bomb flattened 42 sq. miles, killed 80,000
instantly
▫ 1000s more soon died from radiation
After-Effects of the Atomic Bomb
• Japanese refused to surrender
▫ August 9, 1945, US dropped another bomb,
this time on Nagasaki (killed 40,000)
▫ Same day, Soviet Union declared war on Japan
& invaded Manchuria
▫ Late August, Allies received formal
unconditional surrender of Japan
▫ September 2, 1945, WWII was over!
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 50
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ PPT  Legacy of WWII
▫ Assignment Packet pg. 5
• Assignment: Page 5
• Closure  What was the legacy of WWII (2-3
things)? How did the US/World change (3-4
things)?
Legacy of WWII: Devastation
• WWII was most destructive war in
world history
• Cities all over world destroyed &
millions dead
• Over 55 million people died because of
WWII
▫ Soviet Union—10 million soldiers,
10 million civilians
▫ Germany—4.5 million soldiers, 2
million civilians
▫ United States—400,000 soldiers, 0
civilians
• War created millions of refugees:
▫ Orphans, POWs, concentration
camp survivors, & civilians
▫ 21 million refugees tried to rebuild
lives after war
Economic Winners & Losers
• Many of world’s economies ruined after war
▫ Only US – where no major battles fought – ended
war w/ strong economy
 Boom in industry pulled US out of Depression
 After war, economy kept growing
▫ US occupied Japan several years after war
 Helped Japan’s economy recover
• 1948, Congress approved George C. Marshall’s plan to
improve European economies
▫ Marshall Plan – US gave $13 billion to help Europe
Legacy of WWII: Attempts at World Peace
• After war, leaders tried to ensure such
terrible war would never happen again
• July 1945, Allies held Potsdam
Conference to plan war’s end
▫ Decided to put German war criminals
on trial at Nuremberg Trials
 Allies tried 24 top Nazi officials for crimes
against peace, war crimes, & crimes against
humanity
 12 sentenced to death (11 hanged, 1
suicide), 3 sentence to life in prison, 4
sentences to 10-20 years in prison & 3 were
acquitted
 Other lesser Nazi leaders tried & hanged
throughout Europe as well
• WWII demonstrated weakness of League of
Nations
▫ Weak b/c US refused to join – did not want to
get involved in world affairs
• Toward end of WWII, FDR warned Americans
not to turn backs on world again
▫ April 1945, 50 nations created new
international peace organization – United
Nations
Change in US & the World
• The war radically changed world
▫ Economies ruined, millions dead, social change
▫ In addition, war helped spread communism –
which US would fight in coming years
• Millions of veterans returned home, competing for
jobs & education
▫ Govt. passed G.I. Bill of Rights – paid for soldiers’
schooling & gave them living allowance
• Returning soldiers also needed housing
▫ Unfortunately, many forced to live in crowded
slums or country shacks
• America had changed during war
▫ Hundreds of thousands of blacks left South for
Northern cities
• Here, they lived in ghettos & faced prejudice
• Tension increased b/t countries after war
▫ UN created nation of Israel 1948 (in response to
Holocaust)
 Became homeland for Jews in Palestine
 Many Arabs not happy
 Israeli-Palestinian fighting continues to this day
▫ US worried about rise of Soviet Union
 Soviets left WWII as a great power
 After war, Stalin forced occupied countries to live under
Communist govts.
 Stalin also tried to spread Communism throughout world
 US would try to stop him
▫ Finally, end of WWII started atomic age
 Atomic bombs increase tensions between US & Soviet
Union
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 52
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ Nazi War Criminals & Experiments
• Assignment: Page 5
• Closure  Should people be responsible for
their actions during wartime?
Josef Mengele
Irma
Grese
Ilse Koch
Klaus
Barbie
Aribert Heim
Warm-Up: Note-Packet pg. 58
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up Read the two-sided argument
▫ Debate Topics
 The Atomic Bomb
 Internment—can it happen again? Should it?
 Continue to prosecute Nazi criminals
• Assignment: Page 5
• Closure  Was dropping the bomb justified?
Michael Seifert
• Former Nazi prison guard
• Known as ‘The Beast of Bolzano’ and was convicted in
2000 for the murder and torture of at least 11 people
at a prison transit camp in Italy
▫ Witnesses claimed he starved prisoners, raped
women, gouged prisoner’s eyes out.
• Seifert acknowledged being a guard at Bolzano during
WWII but denied murder/torture
• Extradited from Canada to serve a life sentence in
Italy (he’d been living in Canada since 1951)
• Died in hospital after falling in prison
Warm-Up: Grab DBQ from cart
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ WWII DBQ
 How did WWII get started?
 What was better—appeasement or collective
security?
• Assignment: Study for Test
• Closure  See DBQ Questions
Warm-Up: Grab Review packet from front cart
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ Small group review of WWII topics
▫ Class discussion
• Assignment: Study for Test
• Closure  What do we know about WWII?
Warm-Up: Grab scantron from front cart
• Schedule
▫ Warm-Up
▫ WWII TEST (whole period)
• Assignment: NONE
• Closure  What do we know about WWII?