Sentences
Sentences
What’s a
sentence???
A sentence is a
group of words that
states a complete
idea.
Punctuating Sentences
 Sentences begin with capital letters...
S
andy threw the football to me
.
I sn’t learning about sentences lots of fun?
H elp !
…and end with a punctuation mark.
Fragments
Huh??
A fragment is
part of a sentence.
The naming or
action part is
missing.
Let’s try some:
 Sentence or fragment?
F
Playing doctor.
S
S
The little boy is playing.
Pretending to be a doctor can be lots
of fun.
Put the stethoscope around your
neck.
S
Let’s try some more!
 Sentence or fragment?
S The pirate is missing a tooth.
F Red bandanna circling his head.
F Yo, ho, ho and a bottle of Coke.
S Where is that pesky Peter Pan?
4 Kinds of Sentences
 Declarative
 Interrogative
 Imperative
 Exclamatory
Declarative Sentences
 A declarative sentence makes a statement or
tells something.
He lost the tennis match.
His racket is broken.
Interrogative Sentences
 An interrogative sentence asks a question.
Can he swim?
Is there water in the pool?
Who taught him to dive?
Imperative Sentences
 An imperative sentence gives an order, or
command.
Hit the board.
Get ready.
Use a chopping motion.
Exclamatory Sentences
 An exclamatory sentence shows excitement
or strong feeling.
What a great race!
He won!
Let’s try some:
 Declarative, Imperative, Interrogative, or Exclamatory?
E
Watch out!
D That guy got hit on the head.
IN Did it hurt you, mister?
Im Next time, yell “Fore”.
Now try these:
 Declarative, Imperative, Interrogative, or Exclamatory?
D Some people raise bees for a hobby.
E
Ouch! I’m stung!
Im Cover the box.
IN
Can you hear the buzzing?
D
Some bees are called
“yellow jackets”.
Parts of a sentence
 Subject
The subject part names whom or what
the sentence is about.
 Predicate
The predicate part tells what action
the subject part does.
Several little ladybugs landed on the porch swing.
Subjects/Predicates
 The number of words on each side
of the fence is not important.
 The action word must be behind
the fence.
Sam
/ drives a train between Buffalo and Rochester.
/
The strong, intelligent, safety-minded engineer steered.
Let’s try some:
 Use a fence to separate subject
and predicate.
/
The Jones family waves to the lion.
/
The King of the Beasts stares back at them.
/
Mom prefers monkeys.
The children listen to the lion’s roar.
/
/
Thousands of people visit the lions’ cages
each day.
Now try these:
 Use a fence to separate subject and predicate.
/
France gave us the Statue of Liberty.
/
On Ellis Island, the immigrants
viewed her as a symbol of freedom.
/
Her torch lights the way to a
new life.
/
She stands in New York’s harbor.
Simple Subjects
 The simple subject is the main word in the
subject part. (Naming!)
ss
The huge green and red dinosaur scared me.
ss
His tail is long and scaly.
ss
Someone is following him.
Simple Predicates
 The simple predicate is the main word in
the predicate. (Action!)
sp me!
That ape frightens
sp
His green shirt stretches.
sp
His long arms hang almost to
the floor.
Let’s try some:
 Identify the simple subjects and simple predicates.
SS
SP
A three ring circus came to town.
SS SP
The purple and blue striped tent towered over
everything.
SS
SP
The clowns made people
laugh.
Now try these:
 Identify the simple subjects and simple predicates.
SS liked
SP the little brown
One horse
dog. SS
SP
The clown with the whip wore
green pants and yellow boots.
SS
SP
Animal acts entertain many
people in the audience.
Compound Subjects
 A compound subject has two or more
simple subjects that have the same
predicate.
Sally, Tad, Stu, and Derek marched in a parade.
Flags and dogs’
tails waved.
Conjunctions
 Conjunctions are connecting words.
– And
The penguin and snowman are
– Or
friends.
– But
The snowman’s eyes and
mouth are made of coal.
He will melt or fall over in
the sun.
Compound Predicates
 A compound predicate has two or more
verbs that have the same subject.
This penguin sings and dances.
His flippers shake, rattle, and roll.
The tides ebb and flow as he
grooves to the music.
Let’s try some:
 Does the sentence have a
compound subject (CS) or
compound predicate (CP)?
CP
The mouse steals and eats the cheese.
CS
His ears and tail wiggle in delight.
CP
Mousy’s big white teeth nibble and gnaw.
CS
His nose and whiskers quiver in
anticipation.
Now try these:
 Does the sentence have a compound subject
(CS) or compound predicate (CP)?
CS The tortoise and the hare entered the race.
CP The hare played and slept.
CP The tortoise plodded along and
crossed the finish line.
Compound Sentences
 A compound sentence is a sentence that
contains two simple sentences joined by a
conjunction.
I like dogs, and I love stories
about them.
Some dogs are ferocious, but my
dog is friendly.
Let’s review:
 Read each pair of simple sentences.
 Make them into one compound sentence.
Some crocodiles live in Florida. Other crocodiles
live in Africa.
Crocodiles have narrow heads. Their teeth are
long.
We saw some crocodiles in Florida. Jane almost
stepped on one.