Bellringer
Please write the questions and your answer.
What were some of the reasons for the Great
Migration? What did African-Americans hope to
gain from their movement northward?
Please take a moment to consider your answers.
Key Harlem Renaissance Figures in
Literature, Performing Arts, and the Fine
Arts
Using your phone or device, quickly look up what
each of the following artists did, and list a work of
theirs.
1. Langston Hughes
2. Paul Robeson
3. Louis Armstrong
4. Bessie Smith
5. Cab Calloway
6. James Weldon Johnson
7. Claude McKay
Entertaining the Masses
Quickly read page 661. How did the radio create
a shared cultural experience for all Americans?
In movies…Charlie Chaplin was the best known
actor.
And George Gershwin was the master of
combining elements of Jazz with elements of
classical orchestration.
Lucky Lindy and other heroes
Charles Lindbergh was the first to successfully
complete a non-stop transatlantic flight. Let’s watch
this quick video to see how he was greeted in 1927
in Europe.
Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly solo
across the Atlantic as Lindbergh had done.
Sports heroes such as Bobby Jones and Red Grange
also became big names during this time.
The Lost Generation
F. Scott Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby), Earnest
Hemmingway (A Farewell To Arms, The Sun Also
Rises), and other writers were referred to as the
Lost Generation.
These were poets, writers, and artists that came
of age during the Great War, and in some cases
were seen as damaged. The phrase comes from
Hemmingway.
Key Terms/ People to Know
Section 1: gross national product, Herbert Hoover,
buying on margin, Federal Reserve System, Black
Tuesday
Section 2: hobo, Great Depression, foreclosure,
Hooverville, drought, Dust Bowl, Okie, Woody
Guthrie
Section 3: associative state, Hoover Dam,
cooperative, Reconstruction Finance Corporation,
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
Bellringer
Please write the question and the answer.
What are two lessons you could take away from
your experience during the stock market game
yesterday?
Please take a few minutes to reflect on your
answer.
The Good Times…
• Economically, things were going great!
– Vibrant, strong stock market with a lot of
investment by average Americans
– Profits soared
– Very low national unemployment
– Buying power of consumers had increased due to
welfare capitalism and an abundance of credit.
– Any doubt on behalf of the Federal Reserve is
dismissed by business and banks
…slow down...
Some problems were just below the surface.
– In 1929…
• 5% of Americans controlled 70% of the wealth.
• 95% controlled only 30% of the wealth.
– Amount of money people saved (savings rate) declined
during the 1920s.
– An increase of “buying on margin,” or buying with the
financial aid of stockbrokers, promoted very risky
investing.
• Margin calls protected brokers from losing money, leaving the
investor exposed to the risk.
– Decline in spending by consumers, leading to a large
excess supply of goods
…And All Come Crashing Down
Chain of Events
1928
1929- September 3
Thursday, October 24
Friday, October 25
Monday, October 28
Black Tuesday, October 29
• Market indicators show 50%
increase
• High point in Market, 27% annual
increase
• Nervous investors begin to sell
stocks, creating massive sell-off;
some bankers join together to
buy huge amount to stop a
further sell-off in the next trading
cycle
• Normal trading resumes, some
stocks show gains
• Markets begin to fall once more
• Complete panic as 16 million
shares dumped and some $16
billion are lost in trading
The Times Tells All
“The crowds about the
ticker tapes, like friends
around the bedside of a
stricken friend, reflected in
their faces the tale the
tape was telling. There
were no smiles. There
were no tears either. Just
the camaraderie of fellowsufferers. Everybody
wanted to tell his neighbor
how much he had lost.
Nobody wanted to listen. It
was too repetitious a tale.”
-New York Times, October
30, 1929
A Lifetime of Loss
Anyone who bought stocks in mid-1929 and held onto
them saw most of his or her adult life pass by before
getting back to even.
- Richard M. Salsman, American Economist
“The recent collapse...has no significance…”
With a partner, read pages 678-679.
Describe how the crash effected:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Individuals, particularly margin buyers
Banks
Businesses
Other nations
The Great Depression
With a partner, answer the following questions from pages 681-685.
This will be turned in.
1. What is a bank run, and how did it cause problems for
many Americans?
2. What is foreclosure?
3. Look at the three graphs on page 681. What story do all
three tell when looked at together?
4. What was the unemployment rate at the height of the
Depression?
5. What was a Hooverville, and how did it get its name?
6. Why were many hoboes men?
7. Describe the Dust Bowl, and how did it make the
Depression worse?
8. What were Okies, and how were they treated by many in
other parts of the country?
This Land Is Your Land
Words and Music by Woody Guthrie
Woody Guthrie
This land is your land This land is my land
From California to the New York island;
From the red wood forest to the Gulf Stream waters
This land was made for you and Me.
As I was walking that ribbon of highway,
I saw above me that endless skyway:
I saw below me that golden valley:
This land was made for you and me.
I've roamed and rambled and I followed my footsteps
To the sparkling sands of her diamond deserts;
And all around me a voice was sounding:
This land was made for you and me.
When the sun came shining, and I was strolling,
And the wheat fields waving and the dust clouds rolling,
As the fog was lifting a voice was chanting:
This land was made for you and me.
As I went walking I saw a sign there
And on the sign it said "No Trespassing."
But on the other side it didn't say nothing,
That side was made for you and me.
In the shadow of the steeple I saw my people,
By the relief office I seen my people;
As they stood there hungry, I stood there asking
Is this land made for you and me?
Nobody living can ever stop me,
As I go walking that freedom highway;
Nobody living can ever make me turn back
This land was made for you and me.
The End of Hoover
On your own, read through section 3 (pgs. 687-691) to answer
the following questions. This will be turned in with your
questions from yesterday.
1. How did Hoover’s idea of “rugged individualism” address
personal responsibility?
2. What was the associative state, and how did the Hoover
Dam represent that?
3. Why did Hoover think helping cooperatives would then
help farmers?
4. What was the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and
why was it created?
5. What was the effect of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff?
6. What was the Bonus Army, and how did Americans react
to its treatment by Hoover and the government?
Key Terms/People To Know
Section 1: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, public
works, fireside chat, Eleanor Roosevelt,
Hundred Days, New Deal, subsidy, Huey P.
Long, Father Charles Coughlin, Dr. Francis
Townsend
Section 2: Second New Deal, Social Security,
John L. Lewis, CIO, sit-down strike, deficit,
John Maynard Keynes
The Election of 1932
1. Who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt?
2. What was his political experience?
3. What were two things that made him more
likable than Hoover?
4. What was a “fireside chat,” and how did the
chats help President Roosevelt?
Stabilizing the Banks:
Match the Term to the Correct Answer
1. Emergency Banking
Act
2. Glass-Steagall Act
3. FDIC
4. SEC
a) Insures the deposits of
individuals
b) Banks can be
inspected by
government
c) Created the FDIC
d) Enforces laws dealing
with stocks and other
securities
The New Deal
1. What is the New Deal?
2. What are the three Rs used to describe the
New Deal?
3. What was significant about the Hundred
Days?
The Second New Deal
Marks a shift from direct payments as work
relief to work for pay.
Also see the creation of the Social Security
Administration.
Alphabet Soup: The New Deal
With a partner, identify and describe the following
acronyms and which “R” the program corresponded to.
This will be turned in.
• Civilian Conservation Corps
(CCC)
• Federal Emergency Relief
Administration (FERA)
• Public Works Administration
(PWA)
• Civil Works Administration
(CWA)
• Works Progress Administration
(WPA)
• Farm Security Administration
(FSA)
• Rural Electrification
Administration (REA)
• Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC)
• Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC)
• National Labor Relations Board
(NLRB)
• Agricultural Adjustment
Administration (AAA)
• Tennessee Valley Authority
(TVA)
• National Industrial Recovery
Act (NIRA)
• National Recovery
Administration (NRA)
Bellringer
Please write and answer the question.
What New Deal programs did the following:
1. Enforce the NIRA
2. Pay farmers to grow fewer crops
3. Build dams for power and navigation in the Southeast
4. Paid Americans to work on conservation projects
Please take a few minutes to reflect on your answers.
Opponents of the New Deal
For each of the following names, describe
1. Their background (what they do)?
2. Were they always against Roosevelt?
3. What particular issues did they have with
Roosevelt’s policy?
A. Huey P. Long
B. Father Charles Coughlin
C. Dr. Francis Townsend
Courts and the New Deal
Many New Deal Programs were challenged in
the courts.
Go through Sections 1 and 2 and find any
mention of court cases against New Deal
Programs. What did these cases do to the
programs?
Life in the Depression
Skim through sections 3 and 4 and match the person or term.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
swing
Dorothea Lange
Frances Perkins
Mary McLeod-Bethune
The Marx Brothers
Father Charles Coughlin
Snow White and the
Seven Dwarfs
Joe Louis
Marian Anderson
Joe DiMaggio, Lou Gehrig
minimum wage
Jesse Owens
Orson Welles
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
first full-length animated film.
African-American boxer who fought against German in 1938
members of New York Yankees in 1930s
the lowest wage an employer can pay a worker
African-American singer who gave a private concert at the
White House after having been denied billing at
Constitution Hall.
African-American track star, defeated Germans in 1936
Olympics in Berlin in front of Adolf Hitler
popular form of dancing in the 1930s, usually done to fast
jazz
photographer famous for images of families in the
Depression
Famous actor, known for his version of War of the Worlds,
which caused panic among the public on Halloween, 1938
Catholic priest who railed against the New Deal and FDR
over the radio and gained a large following
African-American woman who emphasized the need for
education among the African-American communiity
Secretary of Labor under FDR
comedy troupe known for their witty humor in films and on
stage