BSC 2093C – Human
Anatomy and Physiology
Lab
Today’s schedule
• Anatomical terminology
• Microscopy
• Integumentary system
• Begin Histology
Anatomical terminology
Relative anatomical terminology
Anatomical terminology
Relative anatomical terminology
Anatomical terminology
Absolute anatomical terminology
Anatomical terminology
Movements
Tips: Ab (L) = away; Ad (L) = toward; Duct (L) = to lead
Anatomical terminology
Movements
Anatomical terminology
A few hints…
Abduction vs adduction
Think about “being abducted” by aliens…
you are taken “away”… similar to one of
your
appendages
performing
an
abduction… it is moving away from the
body
Pronation vs supination
The “sup” of supination kind of sounds
like “soup”. Think about holding a bowl of
soup (palm of the hand facing up)… your
forearm is performing a supination
Anatomical terminology
Movements
*More details here: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-ap1/chapter/types-of-body-movements/
Anatomical terminology
Interesting names for interesting muscles
Shape
Number of attachment
Anatomical terminology
Interesting names for interesting muscles
Fiber direction
Size
Microscopy
What to remember
•
•
•
•
Total magnification
Parts
Depth of field vs. field of view
How to find your subject
Microscopy
Microscopy
Fun fact
The earliest microscopes were known as “flea glasses” because they
were used to study small insects. A father-son duo, Zacharias and Han
Jansen, created the first compound microscope in the 1590 s.
Tissue type
Four main types
• Epithelial
•
•
•
Muscular
Nervous
Connective
Covered next lab
Þ Identify specific tissues and
their function(s)
Epithelial tissues
Classification
• simple squamous
• simple cuboidal
• simple columnar
• stratified squamous
• stratified cuboidal
• stratified columnar
• pseudostratified columnar
• transitional epithelium
Epithelial tissues
Epithelial tissues
Fun fact
Researchers Have Discovered a New Shape, and It’s Inside Your
Skin
Epithelial tissues
Goblet cells
Epithelial tissues
Epithelial membranes
• Function?
• Location?
• Tissue types?
Epithelial tissues
Review of the tissue types
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Simple squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Pseudostratified columnar
Stratified squamous
Stratified cuboidal
Stratified columnar
Transitional
Ø Description
Ø Function
Ø Location
Integumentary system
Integumentary system
Integumentary system
Summary
1
Stratum corneum
2
Stratum lucidum
3
Stratum granulosum
4
Stratum spinosum
5
Stratum basale
6
Epidermis
7
Dermis
8
Subcutaneous layer
Meissner's Corpuscle, corpuscle
of touch, Merkel cells
10 Pacinian corpuscle
9
11 Hair
12 Dermal papilla
13 Arrector pili muscle
14 Sebaceous gland
15 Eccrine sweat gland
Integumentary system
Did you know
Sunburn is a radiation burn, caused when the
ultraviolet (UV) rays of sunlight damage DNA in the
upper layer of skin cells.
Once the cells of the top layer of skin (called
keratinocytes) detect DNA damage in themselves,
they begin producing molecules to attract immune
cells into the skin. This causes the skin’s blood
vessels to leak into the spaces between cells and
other skin structures.
It’s this extra fluid and the swelling it causes that
lead to the red skin, hot sensation and painful
sensitivity of freshly sunburnt skin.
Read more at: http://theconversation.com/explainer-what-happens-to-your-skin-when-you-get-sunburnt-53865
Epithelial tissues
Structures of the nail
Epithelial tissues
Fingerprints
Epithelial tissues
Did you know?
Ridgeology is the science that deals with the study of the uniqueness
of friction ridge structures and their use for personal identification.
How old do you think this science is?
Epithelial tissues
Did you know?
The earliest reference to the fingerprinting of criminals for identification
purposes was reported during the rein of Hanimurabi (1792-1750 BC)
in Babylon. Authors of the time are also reported to have added their
fingerprints to their cuneiform writings on clay tablets and public
buildings in an effort to prevent forgeries.
For next time
Before you go, don’t forget!
• Make sure to buy your lab manual and PPE if you haven’t already!
• Wear your lab coat each lab period
• Have something to write with.
See you next time!
The rest of the body tissues will be covered.
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