Dr. N. Ellul
BIOL1507
Fall 2021
REVIEW – Midterm #1 - Ch. 1, 3 & 4
Week 5
Lecture #1:
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Definitions for anatomy and physiology
Levels of organization in the body
Body systems
o Understand the function of each system
10 necessary life functions (and the body systems that work to maintain them)
5 survival needs
Homeostasis feedback loop
Positive feedback vs. Negative Feedback
Anatomical position
Prone vs Supine
Anatomical planes of the body (sagittal, transverse, coronal (frontal))
Anatomical terminology (directional terms)
o Ex: superior, inferior, proximal, distal, etc.
Body regions (5 major regions)
Body Cavities (2 major cavities)
Lecture #2:
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Cell theory
Parts of a generalized cell
The plasma membrane (layout/arrangement and function)
Concept of selective permeability
3 types of membrane functions (function and location in the body)
3 types of membrane extensions (function and microscopic appearance)
Cytoplasm Components (cytosol, inclusions, organelles)
Nucleus, Nucleolus, Nuclear pores, Chromatin
Cytoplasmic organelles (appearance, function for cell)
o Mitochondria
o Ribosomes
o ER (smooth & rough)
o Golgi
o Lysosomes
o Peroxisomes
o Centrioles
Endomembranous system
Cytoplasm network of fibers
7 cell groups in the body
Stages of Mitosis
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Dr. N. Ellul
BIOL1507
Fall 2021
Lecture #3:
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Definitions (solution, solvent, solute, ICF, ECF, interstitial fluid)
Passive transport vs. Active transport
Membrane transport
o Diffusion
o Facilitated diffusion
o Osmosis
o Filtration
o Active transport
o Vesicular transport (exocytosis and endocytosis)
4 types of tissue
6 types of epithelial tissue (appearance, function in body)
o Simple Squamous
o Stratified Squamous
o Simple Cuboidal
o Stratified Cuboidal
o Simple Columnar
o Transitional
Connective tissue (cells, fibres, matrix)
Three main types of connective tissue
o Areolar
o Dense
o Adipose
Loose vs. Dense vs Adipose CT (appearance and function)
Lecture 4:
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Understand the differences between epithelial and CT membranes in the body
Know the differences between the three types of epithelial membranes (chart in
your notes)
Understand parietal vs visceral membranes
Be able to identify the main functions of the integumentary system discussed in
class
Know the three layers of the skin (location and components of each)
Function of Keratinocytes vs Melanocytes
Three key pigments of skin colour
Know the 3 different types of glands (what they secrete and location in body)
Understand the differences between types of burns (3 types)
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Understand the differences between skin carcinomas
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