How Framing Works in Residential
Construction
By: Caleb Slaubaugh
Why/How Framing is an Essential Step
• Framing is structural skeleton of residential construction
• Sill plate is added first by builders
• Main vertical structure of walls are called studs
• "Once the flooring is set, the home’s walls are established. Vertical
boards, as well as top and bottom plates, are used to form the
walls". (Chance, Adan)
• These steps are important to create a strong structure
Wall Construction
• Studs spaced 16 inches on center which create rooms
• Above doors and windows headers are placed to carry weight
• Once in place walls are assembled and nailed
• "The lumber pieces that run vertically up a wall panel and provide its height.
They’re typically made from either 2” x 6” or 2” x 4” pieces of lumber".
(Roberts, Joe)
• These are the first couple steps to creating a structure
Floor System
• To support longer spans bearing walls are used
• Adjustments are factored in some designs to support placement
• Floor joists have limits on distances
• Joists are what's underneath the subfloor
• Floors create the base of the house
Roof Framing
• Trusses and rafters form shape of roofs
• Roof materials such as plywood and shingles are installed
• Each piece works together to keep structure solid
• House become more solid after the roof is in place
Structural integrity
• Correct framing will protect against snow wind and everyday use
• A strong frame will ensure durability and long-term safety
• Quality framing will create a stable home
• "Multiple framing system innovations—including structural insulated panels
(SIPs), insulating concrete forms (ICFs), and framing techniques to reduce
thermal bridging—focus on improving energy efficiency". (Alexander, Max)
• Crucial to frame using valid techniques to create stable homes
Conclusion
• Framing is crucial for house's strength/design
• Each part of the frame has its purpose
• Good framing contributes to homes lasting long periods of time
• Materials and techniques have improved but the goal of creating strong
homes remains
Citations
• Chance, Adan. “Framing Stage of Construction: Building the Bones of Your
New Home - Brock Built.” Brock Built, 2 Sept. 2025,
www.brockbuilt.com/framing-stage-of-construction/. Accessed 26 Nov.
2025.
• Roberts, Joe. “Flooded Basement Cleanup Cost | Basement Flooding
Restoration Cost | Fixr.” Fixr.com, 2022, www.fixr.com/costs/floodedbasement-cleanup, https://doi.org/104933992/25804050381. Accessed 26
Nov. 2025.
Citations Cont.
• Alexander, Max. “From the Ground Up: Framing.” This Old House, 14 June
2006, www.thisoldhouse.com/foundations/21015557/from-the-ground-upframing. Accessed 26 Nov. 2025.