Neuron Structure and Communication
Worksheet
Section A: Label the Diagram
Label the parts of the neuron using both English and Chinese terms:
Section B: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the correct English and Chinese terms:
1. The ________ receive signals from other neurons, while the ________ carries the signal away from
the cell body.
2. The ________ insulates the axon and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses.
3. When the action potential reaches the ________, neurotransmitters are released into the ________
to communicate with the next neuron.
Section C: Multiple Choice
Choose the correct answer and translate the terms:
1. What is the resting membrane potential (________) of a neuron?
a) +30 mV
b) -55 mV
c) -70 mV
2. During an action potential, which ion rushes into the neuron during depolarization (________)?
a) Potassium (________)
b) Sodium (________)
c) Calcium (________)
3. What term refers to the gap between the presynaptic (________) and postsynaptic neurons
(________)?
a) Synaptic cleft (________)
b) Myelin sheath (________)
c) Dendritic spine (________)
Section D: True or False
Indicate whether the following statements are true or false:
1. The sodium-potassium pump transports 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in, maintaining
the resting membrane potential. (True/False)
2. Neurotransmitters are only excitatory and cannot inhibit neuronal activity. (True/False)
3. An action potential is triggered when the membrane potential reaches -55 mV, which is known as
the firing threshold. (True/False)
Section E: Match the Neurotransmitters
Match the neurotransmitters with their functions and write out their Chinese translations.
1. Glutamate (________)
a. Inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps calm the brain.
b. Excitatory neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory.
2. GABA (________)
a. Excitatory neurotransmitter that is involved in muscle control.
b. Inhibitory neurotransmitter that regulates anxiety.
3. Acetylcholine (________)
a. Involved in motor control at neuromuscular junctions.
b. Acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
Section F: Action Potential
Label the phase of an action potential with both English and Chinses Terms.