Data/Equation Sheet for EXAM 2
∆U = q + w
H = U + PV
∆H = ∆U + ∆(PV)
G = H - TS
∆G = ∆H - ∆(TS)
∆U= (3/2) nR ∆T
w = - ∫ Pext dV
w = - ∫ P dV
w = -n R T ln(Vf / Vi)
qp = ∆H
qv = ∆U
PV=nRT
qx = Cx ∆T (x = P or V)
S = kB ln Ω
dS = (dqrev / T)
dS = Cx dlnT
∆S = n R ln(Vf / Vi)
dS > (dqirrev/T)
(x = P or V)
∆S = Cx ln (Tf/Ti)
∆Str = ∆Htr / Ttr (tr = phase transition)
P2 = x2K2 (K2 is Henry's law constant)
π = cRT ( c in moles/litre)
∆T b = K b m (boiling changes; m in moles/kg)
∆T f = -K f m
Conversions/Constants
1 L atm = 101.3 J
1 atm = 760 torr = 760 mm Hg
R = 8.314 J mol-1 K-1 = 0.08206 L atm mol-1 K-1 = 1.987 cal mol-1 K-1
Ideal monatomic gas:
Cv = (3/2)nR
Cp = (5/2)nR
Ideal diatomic gas:
Cv = (5/2)nR
Cp = (7/2)nR
T(K) = t(°C) + 273.15