Repetition WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REPETITION AND REPLICATION? Replication Repetition (multiple trials) Replication (by others) Multiple trials – which if done identically would give identical results – allow you to see how much error you have in your data. Repetition increases the validity of your data. When an experiment is copied by other scientists. If the results are similar, or replicable, they are more valid and reliable. ENGAGE: Why is the repetition and replication of experiments a crucial aspect of the scientific method? science notebook C. It ensures that results are not due to chance or A. It adds complexity to the experimental process, SSA making it more interesting. QUESTION B. It allows scientists to conduct experiments with • DAY Answer the 16question in your minimal effort. experimental error and can be trusted as reliable. D. It is a requirement for all experiments but does not significantly impact their validity. EXPLAIN: PARTS OF AN ATOM Record the definition of each particle in your Science Glossary Nucleus Area in the center of the atom that contains the protons and neutrons PARTS OF AN ATOM VIDEO (OPTIONAL) Add information to your notebook as needed • ENGAGE: What role do protons, electrons, and neutrons play in the structure of an atom? SSA QUESTION DAY 17 A. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus and are Answer the question in your science notebook responsible for the atom's mass, while electrons orbit the nucleus. B. Protons are negatively charged and found in the nucleus, while electrons are positively charged and orbit the nucleus. C. Neutrons are found in the electron cloud, while protons and electrons make up the nucleus. D. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are all found in the nucleus. EVALUATE: DAY 16 • Answer the question in your science notebook Which of the following statements best describes the basic structure of an atom? A. Electrons and protons are in motion around a nucleus that contains neutrons. B. Neutrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and electrons. C. Protons are in motion around a nucleus that contains electrons and neutrons. D. Electrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons. particle is NOT found in the nucleus of EVALUATE: Which an atom? DAY 17 • Answer the question in your science notebook A. Electrons B. Neutrons C. Protons D. Electrons, neutrons, and protons USING MODELS IN SCIENCE Models are a representation or description designed to make a particular part/feature of the world easier to understand ◼ Benefit: Models help us understand scientific phenomena ◼ Benefit: Explain or analyze concepts. ◼ Benefit: Explain past or the present; predict the future. ◼ Benefit: Represent things too small or too large. ◼ Limitation: simplify reality-are limited in what they can show ENGAGE: • A chemistry professor is trying to construct a model to show his students how an atom looks. SSA QUESTIONWhich of the following would be the most useful features of an atom model? Answer the question in your A. An atom built with different colors to show the science notebook parts of an atom. B. An atom built with all one color so that it looks like pictures from a microscope. C. An atom built with the cheapest marshmallows in case any of the pieces have to be replaced. D. An atom built with parts made of any type of marshmallow, if it looks exactly like a real atom. EXPLORE: WATCH INTRODUCTORY VIDEO CALCULATING THE MASS AND NUMBER OF SUBATOMIC PARTICLES ELEMENT TITLE Atomic Number • Use the information to complete the top part of your paper Element Name 8 O Symbol 15.999 Mass Number Oxygen APE MAN STRATEGY • Copy the APE and MAN equations to your student sheet. • The atomic number will equal the number of protons and electrons • The mass number (rounded to the nearest whole number) MINUS the atomic number will equal the number of neutrons Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons M ass Number - A tomic Number = N eutrons PRACTICE #1 • Identify the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons A=3 P=3 E=3 3 Li M=7 - Lithium A=3 6.941 N=4 PRACTICE #2 • Identify the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. A = 13 P = 13 E = 13 13 Al M = 27 - Aluminum A = 13 26.98 N = 14 EVALUATE: SSA QUESTION • Answer the question in your science notebook Which of the following comparisons correctly describes subatomic particles? A. A neutron has a negative charge and a mass smaller than the mass of a proton. B. A proton has a positive charge and a mass smaller than the mass of an electron. C. An electron has a negative charge and a mass larger than the mass of a proton. D. A neutron has a neutral charge and a mass larger than the mass of an electron. • ENGAGE: Which statement best explains the significance of atomic theory in the field of science? SSA QUESTION A. Atomic theory provides a single, definitive explanation for all natural phenomena. B. Atomic theory is a constantly evolving and tested explanation for the structure and behavior of matter. C. Atomic theory is a set of rules that must be followed in all scientific investigations. D. Atomic theory is a historical account of how scientists used to think about matter and has no relevance today. Answer the question independently in your notebook EXPLAIN: ATOMIC THEORY VIDEO REVISE YOUR GRAPHIC ORGANIZER AS NEEDED BASED ON HOW AND WHY OUR IDEAS OF THE ATOM CHANGED OVER TIME GRAPHIC ORGANIZER • Review and Revise your graphic organizer as needed. GRAPHIC ORGANIZER • Review and Revise your graphic organizer as needed. ATOMIC THEORY TIMELINE WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEORIES AND LAWS? EVALUATE: SSA QUESTION • Answer the question independently in your notebook Which of the following best explains why modern atomic theory is different from Dalton’s theory? A. Dalton’s theory was never accepted by other scientists during his lifetime. B. Dalton’s theory was revised as new discoveries about the atom were made. C. New experiments showed that a completely new atomic theory was needed. D. Scientists’ opinions of the atom changed as society became more advanced. ELABORATE : (OPTIONAL) ATOMIC THEORY EVOLUTION • Atomic theory continues to evolve thanks to Anne L’Huillier, Pierre Agostini and Ferenc Krausz.
