2
Particles.
1. Draw the arrangement of particles in solids, liquids and gases.
2. Describe how the particles are arranged in a:
a. Solid
The particles in a solid are in neat _______________
The particles in a solid are close together/far apart.
The particles in a solid are ______ moving around.
b. Liquid
The particles in a liquid are_________________
The particles in a liquid are close together/far apart.
The particles in a liquid are/are not moving around.
c. Gas
The particles in a gas are _____________________
The particles in a gas are close together/far apart.
The particles in a gas are/are not moving around.
3. Tick the correct boxes in the table to describe solids, liquids and gases.
State
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Fixed Shape
Fixed Volume
4. What equipment do we use to measure temperature? What scale do we use?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
6
Label each part of the atom:
Complete the table below using your periodic table.
Name
Symbol Atomic
Number
Sodium
Na
11
Number
Number
of Protons of
electrons
11
11
F
Oxygen
8
31
26
74
38
18
Group
Metal or NonMetal?
1
Metal
7
Label the following on the periodic table: Metals, non-metals, dividing line between metals and non-metals, alkali
metals, noble gases, halogens.
8
Draw protons, neutrons and electrons on the following diagrams, then identify the atom and its
symbol. Use your periodic table to help.
1) 3 Protons, 3 Electrons, 4 Neutrons.
2) 7 Protons, 7 Electrons, 7 Neutrons.
Element Name:_________________
Element Name:_________________
3) 2 Protons, 2 Electrons, 2 Neutrons.
4) 5 Protons, 5 Electrons, 6 Neutrons.
Element Name:_________________
Element Name:_________________
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Compounds
What is a compound?
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Classify these as elements or compounds. Give reasons for your answers.
Element
Compound
Explanation
Magnesium
Magnesium chloride
Water
Oxygen
Copper chloride
Complete these word equations for formation of compounds. Stretch: Add symbols underneath.
1. Magnesium
+
Oxygen
→
Magnesium Oxide
2. Copper
+
Oxygen
→_____________________________________
3. Sodium
+
Chlorine
→_____________________________________
4. Magnesium
+
Chlorine
→_____________________________________
5. Potassium
+
_________________
→
Potassium Oxide
6. Potassium
+
_________________
→
Potassium Iodide
7. _________________
+
Oxygen
→
Iron Oxide
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Metals and non-metals
To the periodic table below:
1. Draw the dividing line between metals & non-metals
2. Add the group names to the three empty boxes.
3. Which letter(s) in the table above represent metals?_____________________________________
4. Describe 3 properties all metals have.
All metals are…________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Describe 3 properties most non-metals have.
Most non-metals are…_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
6. What do we use copper for? What are the properties of copper?
Copper is used for…___________________________________________________________________________
The properties of copper
are…_________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
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7. What do we use iron for? What are the properties of iron?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
8. State 3 signs that a chemical reaction has taken place.
i)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
ii)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
iii)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
STRETCH: iv)_________________________________________________________________________________
STRETCH: Describe the properties of these non-metals.
Oxygen:______________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chlorine:______________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12
Reactivity series
1. What happens when you add alkali metals to water? Describe the reactions of each of
them. Some keywords to use in your descriptions have been provided for you in the text
boxes below:
Fizzing
Explode
Floating
Heat
Moving
Gas released
a) Lithium=
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
b) Sodium =
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
c) Potassium =
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Stretch:
Which is more reactive, potassium or lithium? How do you know this?
2. Here are the results of an experiment with unknown metals.
Name
A
B
C
D
Reacts with
Cold Water
Yes
No
No
No
Reacts with hot
water
Yes
No
No
Yes
Reacts with
acid.
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
a. Place them in order from most to least reactive.
Most Reactive
Least Reactive
___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. Explain how you arrived at your answer for (a)
___ is most reactive because…_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
___ is least reactive because…_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
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c. Based on the information in the table, suggest which element (A,B,C or D):
Which element is an alkali metal? ____________
Which element is magnesium? ____________
Which element is unreactive gold? ____________
Combustion
1. What is combustion?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is required for combustion to take place? (Hint: triangle)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Variables questions
a. What is an independent variable? _______________________________________________________
b. What is a dependent variable? _________________________________________________________
c. What is a control variable? ______________________________________________________________
1. Pupils wanted to find out which boy in year 7 could run 400m in the shortest time.
For this experiment:
a.
What was the independent variable?___________________________________________
b.
What was the dependent variable? _____________________________________________
c.
What was the control variable? _________________________________________________
2. Pupils wanted to find out which substance, water or alcohol, had a lower boiling point.
For this experiment:
a.
What was the independent variable?___________________________________________
b.
What was the dependent variable? _____________________________________________
c.
What was the control variable? _________________________________________________
3. Pupils wanted to find out whether you could dissolve more salt or sugar in 100ml of water.
For this experiment:
a.
What was the independent variable?___________________________________________
b.
What was the dependent variable? _____________________________________________
c.
What was the control variable? _________________________________________________
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In this practical, pupils changed the temperature of the water and measured how much salt
dissolved. For this practical:
c. What was the independent variable? ___________________________________________________
d. What was the dependent variable? _____________________________________________________
e. What was the control variable? _________________________________________________________
Here are your results:
Temperature of
water (oC)
10
20
30
40
f.
Mass of salt dissolved (g)
Trial 1
5
9
15
22
Trial 2
7
10
14
25
Calculate the missing means from the practical.
Remember – Add trial 1 to trial 2 and divide by 2. E.g. 5 + 7 = 12
Space for working:
Mean
6
12 ÷ 2 = 6
g. Draw a line graph plotting the mean mass of salt dissolved (Y axis) against temperature OC
(x axis) of the following data
Temperature of
Mass of salt dissolved (g)
o
water ( C)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Mean
10
5
9
7
20
9
11
10
30
15
13
14
40
22
26
24
Average mass of salt dissolved (g)
16
Temperature OC