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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Paper 1 Theory
0680/11
October/November 2024
1 hour 45 minutes
You must answer on the question paper.
No additional materials are needed.
INSTRUCTIONS
●
Answer all questions.
●
Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
●
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
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Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
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Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
●
Do not write on any bar codes.
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You may use a calculator.
●
You should show all your working and use appropriate units.
INFORMATION
●
The total mark for this paper is 80.
●
The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
This document has 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
DC (DE/FC) 337170/3
© UCLES 2024
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2
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Section A
1
(a) The diagram shows part of the water cycle.
Key
movement of water
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process
A
precipitation
ice and
snow
transpiration
B
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run-off
C
ocean
ground water flow
State the names of processes A, B and C.
B ..............................................................
C ..............................................................
[3]
(b) Desalination is a process used to produce fresh water.
(i)
Name and describe one method of desalination.
name of method ................................................................................................................
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A ..............................................................
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[3]
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description .........................................................................................................................
3
,
(ii)
,
Rivers, lakes and streams are natural sources of fresh water.
State one other natural source of fresh water.
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[Total: 7]
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© UCLES 2024
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0680/11/O/N/24
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2
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(a) The diagram shows equipment used to generate electricity from tidal power.
transmission
cables
not to scale
sea
cable
blades
minimum
depth
30 m
15 m
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concrete base
(i)
sea
floor
Describe how tidal power is used to generate electricity.
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land
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(ii)
Describe the limitations of using tidal power.
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5
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(b) Tidal power is a renewable resource.
The photograph shows equipment used to generate electricity using another renewable
resource.
equipment that
uses renewable
resource
State the renewable resource the equipment uses.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 7]
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© UCLES 2024
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0680/11/O/N/24
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3
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Poor agricultural practices can cause soil erosion.
(a) Contour ploughing is a strategy used to reduce soil erosion.
Describe the process of contour ploughing on a slope.
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(b) Planting trees reduces soil erosion by decreasing surface run-off.
Explain how trees decrease surface run-off.
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[Total: 4]
Approximately half of the world’s population are at risk of getting malaria.
Tick (✓) the correct box for each statement about malaria.
false
Malaria is caused by bacteria.
Malaria is transmitted by drinking contaminated water.
Mosquitoes that carry malaria are a vector.
© UCLES 2024
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[2]
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true
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4
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Section B
5
(a) The pie chart shows data on fish populations for 104 species caught by one European country
in 2021.
Key
limited data available
sustainable population
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overfished population
no data
0
A student writes this conclusion from the data.
‘The majority of fish populations are sustainable.’
State whether this is a valid conclusion from the data.
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Give two reasons for your answer.
1 .................................................................................................................................................
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2 .................................................................................................................................................
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[2]
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0680/11/O/N/24
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(b) One strategy to reduce overfishing is farming of marine species.
The bar chart shows data about fish yield in megatonnes (Mt) from fish farms and marine
fisheries in 2008 and predicted for 2050.
Key
fish farms
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marine fisheries
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140
120
100
fish yield
/ Mt
80
60
0
fish farms
marine
fisheries
fish farms
2008
marine
fisheries
2050
year
(i)
Complete the bar chart to show that the fish yield in 2008 from fish farms was 62 Mt. [2]
(ii)
Calculate the predicted percentage increase in fish yield from fish farms between 2008
and 2050.
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(iii)
State three strategies to reduce overfishing, other than fish farming.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
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20
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40
3 ........................................................................................................................................
[3]
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9
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(c) (i)
,
Suggest how climate change could reduce yields from some marine fisheries.
Give reasons for your answer.
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(ii)
Suggest one way an increase in extreme weather conditions could reduce the yield of
fish farms.
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(d) The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affects fish yields.
Describe how ENSO reduces fish yields along the Pacific coast of South America.
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[Total: 17]
© UCLES 2024
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0680/11/O/N/24
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6
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(a) The bar chart shows the number of tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean for a
60-year period.
80
70
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60
40
30
20
10
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
month
(i)
State the month with the most tropical cyclones.
© UCLES 2024
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number of
tropical
cyclones
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50
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11
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(ii)
,
The table shows some of the data from the bar chart.
Complete the table using a tally.
month
number of tropical cyclones
Jan
Feb
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Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
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Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
[2]
(b) Complete the sentences about tropical cyclones.
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Tropical cyclones form north and south of the Equator between ............. ° and ............. °.
The ocean surface temperature must be at least ............. °C.
This temperature must extend to a depth of at least ............. m.
[3]
[Total: 6]
© UCLES 2024
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0680/11/O/N/24
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12
7
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Ozone depletion occurs in the atmosphere.
(a) The diagram shows the structure of the atmosphere.
thermosphere
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mesosphere
stratosphere
troposphere
Label the diagram with an X to show where ozone depletion occurs.
[1]
(b) Explain why ozone depletion is a concern.
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© UCLES 2024
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ĬÞÔñÑĦûĈÜûðüõͼáĘĂ
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(c) Ozone depletion over Antarctica is known as an ozone hole.
The graph shows the area of the ozone hole over Antarctica for July to December 2021 and
the highest values measured since 1979.
Key
July to December 2021
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highest value measured since 1979
area of
ozone hole
/ million km2
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Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
month
Nov
Dec
Discuss whether strategies to reduce the area of the ozone hole have been successful.
Refer to the strategies and use the graph to support your answer.
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[Total: 9]
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ĬÞÓòÙĤ÷øÝýā­áåĠáĨĂ
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0680/11/O/N/24
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(a) Pooters are used to collect insects by sucking them into a container.
The diagram shows a pooter.
tube
tube
mouthpiece
insect
sucked in
lid
fine mesh
container
(i)
Suggest why there is a fine mesh over the end of one of the tubes.
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14
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(ii)
Suggest why the mouthpiece is replaced between each user.
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(iii)
Suggest why the pooter should be emptied between each insect collection.
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Suggest why water forms on the inside of the container if insects are kept inside the
pooter for long periods of time.
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(v)
A student wants to use a pooter to investigate the number of mosquitoes in an area of
land 5 m by 5 m.
Suggest one limitation of using a pooter for this investigation.
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© UCLES 2024
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15
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(b) A scientist in India investigates the number of mosquitoes in a house.
The scientist uses a pooter to collect mosquitoes at 10-minute intervals in the house.
The table shows the results.
(i)
time / minutes
number of mosquitoes
0
90
10
78
20
60
30
59
40
45
50
25
60
20
Plot the data as a line graph on the grid.
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(ii)
Calculate the total number of mosquitoes the scientist collected.
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[Total: 11]
© UCLES 2024
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0680/11/O/N/24
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9
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(a) The map shows the number of people per country predicted to be at risk from coastal flooding
by 2030.
N
Key
number of people
per country
risk level
0
no risk
1 to 599
low risk
600 to 59 999
medium risk
60 000 to 6 000 000
high risk
Tropic of
Cancer
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16
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Tropic of
Capricorn
(i)
Describe the distribution of people predicted to be at high risk from coastal flooding by
2030.
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Equator
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© UCLES 2024
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17
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(ii)
,
Suggest why the predicted risk to people from coastal flooding is low on the west coast
of South America.
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(iii)
Flooding can lead to water-related diseases and loss of life.
State two other negative impacts of flooding.
1 ........................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]
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(b) Explain how underwater earthquakes can cause flooding.
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(c) Flooding can be caused by a rise in sea levels.
Explain how climate change causes sea levels to rise.
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© UCLES 2024
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0680/11/O/N/24
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(d)
It is too late to reverse climate change.
People need to adapt to the impacts of climate change.
To what extent do you agree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer.
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© UCLES 2024
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© UCLES 2024
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19
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The boundaries and names shown, the designations used and the presentation of material on any maps contained in this question paper/insert do not imply
official endorsement or acceptance by Cambridge Assessment International Education concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area or any of its
authorities, or of the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2024
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