Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Region 1 SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF PANGASINAN II STA. CRUZ INTEGRATED SCHOOL STA. MARIA DISTRICT LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET Grade 8 NAME: _____________________________ Grade/ Section: _____________ Date: ________ Score: _______ DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Processes, Parts and Functions Additional Readings PROCESSES in the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1. Ingestion- putting food in the mouth 2. Digestion- break down of food molecules into simple and soluble form. 3. Absorption- digested food are absorbed by the villi of small intestine 4. Assimilation- is the movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used. The liver is important in assimilation. For example: glucose is used in respiration to provide energy and amino acids are used to build new proteins 5. Egestion/Defecation/Elimination- undigested food are moved out of the body What is the role of Digestive Enzymes in the Digestive Process? Enzymes are organic catalysts, meaning they initiate or speed up chemical reactions. They work well in temperature ranging from 300C -400C. Raw diets such as vegetable salads, fruits, nuts, vegetables and fruit juices are rich with enzymes that hasten the chemical breakdown of food. Digestive enzymes are classified based on the substrate they work on. Table 1 gives us the summary of the specific enzymes which will act on specific food molecule and break down to simple, soluble end product. TRUE or FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if not. ______1. Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of pepsin. ______2. The primary function of the large intestine is to digest and absorb nutrients from food. ______3. The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion. ______4. The process of absorption occurs primarily in the large intestine. ______5. Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the action of amylase. ______6. Ingestion refers to the process of breaking down food molecules into a simple and soluble form. ______7. The process of digestion involves breaking down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body. ______8. Absorption occurs in the stomach, where nutrients are absorbed through the lining of the small intestine. ______9. Assimilation is the process of moving digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used. ______10.Egestion refers to the removal of undigested food from the body. True or False? II. Label the parts of the Digestive System Address: Sta. Cruz, Sta. Maria, Pangasinan Cellphone No.: 09054880708 Teacher: Leopoldo T. Domingo Jr. III. Identification: _______________1. What is the name of the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach? _______________2. What is the name of the section of the digestive tract that lies between the mouth and the esophagus and is responsible for moving food and air to their respective destinations? _______________3. What is the name of the part of the digestive tract where most nutrient absorption occurs and is divided into three sections: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum? _______________4. What is the name of the part of the digestive tract responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from undigested food matter, and includes the cecum, colon, and rectum? _______________5. What is the name of the organ that stores and concentrates bile, which is produced by the liver and helps with the digestion and absorption of fats? _______________6. What is the name of the largest organ in the body, responsible for producing bile and detoxifying harmful substances in the blood? _______________7. What is the name of the accessory organ of the digestive system that produces enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, and also produces bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid? _______________8. What are the tiny, finger-like projections that line the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of nutrients. _______________9. What is the last opening of the digestive tract? _______________10. What is the gland that produces saliva? Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1.Which of the following diseases is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract, causing symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding? A. Celiac disease B. Crohn's disease C. Ulcerative colitis D. Irritable bowel syndrome 2. Which of the following diseases is a chronic liver disease that occurs when scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue, leading to liver failure? A. Hepatitis A B. Hepatitis B C. Cirrhosis D. Gallstones 3. Which of the following diseases is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel movements? A. Celiac disease B. Crohn's disease C. Ulcerative colitis D. Irritable bowel syndrome 4. Which of the following diseases is a condition where the pancreas becomes inflamed and can't function properly, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting? A. Pancreatitis B. Cholecystitis C. Gastritis D. Gastroesophageal reflux disease 5. Which of the following diseases is a common infection caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, which can lead to stomach ulcers and other gastrointestinal problems? A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease B. Peptic ulcer disease C. Diverticulitis D. Appendicitis Short Answer 1. What are some healthy habits that can help promote a healthy digestive system? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the function of enzymes? Please give 3 examples of enzymes and the food molecules they breakdown. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________ Address: Sta. Cruz, Sta. Maria, Pangasinan Cellphone No.: 09054880708 Teacher: Leopoldo T. Domingo Jr.
