Chapter 10 F4: Transport in Humans and Animals
1. What type of exchange allows
unicellular organisms to obtain
essential substances?
A. Active transport
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Endocytosis
4. In multicellular organisms, why is
diffusion
not
effective
for
transporting substances to all cells?
A. The distance between the external
environment and the cell is too small
B. The distance between the external
environment and the cell is too large
C. The cells are close to the external
environment
D. Multicellular organisms do not
need diffusion
7. What is haemolymph?
8. How is the blood distributed in a
A. Blood-like nutritious fluid found closed circulatory system?
in vertebrates
A. Through open-ended vessels into
B. Blood-like nutritious fluid found the body cavity
in most invertebrates such as insects B. Through a continuous closed
and molluscs
blood vessel system
C. Pure blood that flows only in
C. Directly between cells without
vertebrates
vessels
D. Fluid responsible for
D. By diffusion without the help of
transporting oxygen in humans
any vessel system
10. Which organisms typically have 11. Through which structure does 12. How many chambers are present
an open circulatory system?
haemolymph re-enter the heart in in the heart of a fish?
insects?
A. Mammals and birds
A. One
B. Insects and molluscs
A. Aorta
B. Two
C. Fish and amphibians
B. Veins
C. Three
D. Reptiles and mammals
C. Arteries
D. Four
D. Ostium
2. Why do unicellular organisms
like Amoeba sp. not require a
specialized transport system?
A. Their body cells are highly
specialized
B. They have a large total surface
area to volume ratio (TSA/V)
C. They have a complex circulatory
system
D. Their epidermis prevents direct
diffusion
5. What is the primary function of a 6. In an open circulatory system,
transport system in multicellular where does the haemolymph flow?
organisms?
A. Directly into closed blood vessels
A. To produce energy for the cells
B. Directly into the body cavity
B. To directly perform diffusion
(haemocoel)
C. To transport essential substances C. Between the cells without any
to and from cells
vessels
D. To remove the epidermis for D. In a continuous loop through the
better exchange
veins and arteries
9. What type of exchange occurs
across the walls of blood capillaries
in a closed circulatory system?
A. Diffusion of oxygen and nutrients
B. Diffusion of wastes only
C. Direct contact of blood with body
cells
D. No exchange occurs across the
walls
3. What prevents multicellular
organisms from relying solely on
diffusion to obtain essential
substances?
A. Their small TSA/V ratio
B. The presence of specialized
organs
C. The complexity of their cells
D. Their ability to perform active
transport
1
13. What is the primary function of 14. What term describes the type of 15. In fish, oxygenated blood is
the gill capillaries in fish?
circulatory system in fish?
transported to the tissues via which
structure?
A. Pump blood to the heart
A. Double circulatory system
B. Perform gaseous exchange by
B. Open circulatory system
A. Aorta
transporting oxygenated blood
C. Single circulatory system
B. Systemic capillaries
C. Collect nutrients for the fish
D. Pulmonary circulatory system
C. Haemocoel
body
D. Atrium
D. Remove waste products from
blood
17. What is the direction of blood 18. How many chambers does the 19. Which of the following
flow in a fish’s single circulatory heart of an amphibian have?
circulatory systems do amphibians
system?
A) One
have?
B) Two
A) Single circulatory system
A. From the heart to the tissues, and C) Three
B) Pulmocutaneous circulation
back to the heart
D) Four
C) Pulmonary circulation only
B. From the heart to the lungs, and
D) Systemic circulation only
back to the heart
C. From the heart to the gills, to the
tissues, and then back to the heart
D. From the tissues to the gills, then
to the heart
21. What is the role of 22. What is the term used to
23. Through which artery is
pulmocutaneous
circulation
in describe the human circulatory
deoxygenated blood transported to
amphibians?
system where deoxygenated and
the lungs?
A) It transports blood to the liver
oxygenated blood do not mix?
B) It transports blood to the body
A) Aorta
tissues
A) Single circulatory system
B) Pulmonary artery
C) It carries blood to the lungs and B) Pulmonary circulation
C) Vena cava
skin for gas exchange
C) Double circulatory system
D) Pulmonary vein
D) It pumps blood to the heart
D) Systemic circulation
2
16. In a fish’s circulatory system,
what happens in the systemic
capillaries?
A. Blood is oxygenated
B. Gaseous exchange occurs
between blood and tissues
C. Blood mixes with haemolymph
D. Blood returns to the atrium
20. In humans, how many chambers
does the heart have?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
24. Where does oxygenated blood
return after being transported to the
lungs?
A) Right atrium
B) Right ventricle
C) Left atrium
D) Pulmonary artery
25. What type of blood is carried by
the pulmonary vein?
26. What separates the left and right
chambers of the heart?
A) Deoxygenated blood
B) Oxygenated blood
C) Both oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood
D) None of the above
A) Aorta
B) Septum
C) Pulmonary vein
D) Vena cava
27. Why is the muscular wall of the
left ventricle thicker than that of the
right ventricle?
28. What ensures that blood does
not flow back into the right atrium
from the right ventricle?
A) To pump blood to the lungs
B) To generate more pressure to
pump blood to the whole body
C) To receive blood from the body
D) To pump blood to the right
atrium
Answer: B) To generate more
pressure to pump blood to the whole
body
29. Which valve is located between 30. What prevents the backflow of 31. What percentage of human
the left atrium and the left ventricle? blood into the ventricles when they blood is made up of plasma?
relax?
A) Tricuspid valve
A) 25%
B) Semilunar valve
A) Bicuspid valve
B) 45%
C) Bicuspid valve
B) Semilunar valves
C) 55%
D) Coronary valve
C) Coronary valve
D) 65%
D) Vena cava
33. What is the function of 34. What percentage of blood is
What is the main function of plasma
erythrocytes in human blood?
composed of erythrocytes?
proteins such as fibrinogen?
A) Aorta
B) Semilunar valves
C) Bicuspid valve
D) Tricuspid valve
A) Transport oxygen
B) Defend the body from infections
C) Form blood clots
D) Transport nutrients
A) 35%
B) 45%
C) 55%
D) 65%
A) Transport oxygen
B) Involved in blood clotting
C) Provide immunity
D) Maintain osmotic pressure
Which blood component controls
blood osmotic pressure?
A) Fibrinogen
B) Albumin
C) Globulin
D) Hormones
What is the shape of an erythrocyte?
a) Spherical
b) Biconcave disc
c) Cuboidal
d) Oval
What is the primary function of
haemoglobin in red blood cells?
a) Transport of carbon dioxide
b) Production of energy
c) Oxygen transport
d) Waste removal
A) Medium for gas exchange and
nutrient transport
B) Provides immunity
C) Assists in blood clotting
D) Generates heat
Where are erythrocytes produced?
a) Liver
b) Bone marrow of ribs and sternum
c) Lungs
d) Heart
3
32. Which component of blood is
responsible for forming clots?
A) Erythrocytes
B) Platelets
C) Plasma
D) Leucocytes
What role does water play in blood
plasma?
Which ion is present in the haem
group of haemoglobin?
How long is the lifespan of
platelets?
a) Sodium
b) Potassium
c) Iron
d) Calcium
a) 1 week
b) 120 days
c) 1 month
d) 6 months
Which type of leucocyte ingests What is the function of eosinophils?
bacteria and dead cells through
phagocytosis?
a) Ingest bacteria and dead cells
b) Prevent blood clotting
a) Lymphocyte
c) Fight inflammation and allergy
b) Basophil
reactions
c) Neutrophil
d) Produce antibodies
d) Eosinophil
What is the function of
lymphocytes?
What process involves the
destruction of erythrocytes in the
liver or lymph?
Which of the following is a
characteristic of leucocytes (white
blood cells)?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Apoptosis
d) Pinocytosis
Which leucocyte contains heparin to
prevent blood clotting?
a) Contains haemoglobin
b) Contains a nucleus
c) Fixed shape
d) Life span of 120 days
Which leucocyte is the largest in
size?
a) Lymphocyte
b) Basophil
c) Monocyte
d) Neutrophil
a) Eosinophil
b) Neutrophil
c) Monocyte
d) Basophil
a) Release enzymes to fight
inflammation
b) Ingest bacteria and dead cells
c) Produce antibodies to destroy
bacteria and viruses
d) Prevent blood clotting
4