PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT IN THE NEW NORMAL
PRESENTER
Prof. Anthony Mayowa OLADOYIN
4x3
16x9
Professional information about the Speaker
Professor Anthony Mayowa OLADOYIN
Sabbatical Staff at Department of Political Science & International Relations
Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, NIGERIA
[From Department of Public Administration, Obafemi
Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria]
Email (a): anthony.oladoyin@covenantuniversity.edu.ng
 Email (b): doyintoniyowa@oauife.edu.ng
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Mobile Tel: +2348033858311, +2348056708657
Outline of Presentation
Introduction
 Conceptual Clarification
 Meaning of Conflict
 Meaning of Conflict Cycle
 Diagramatic Illustrations
 Remarks on Diagrams of Conflict Cycle
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Conclusion
 Recommendations
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Introduction
Conflicts are inevitable in any human society
 They take place in the workplace, civil service, religious
institutions, political institutions, armed forces and paramilitary organizations among others.
 It is a concern for societal peace and political unity.
 The
positive benefits of conflict in a dialectic
perspective is necessary to be noted as a matter fact.
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Introduction
Groups and individuals are often drawn into conflict in the
workplace. Conflict can even occur within a given individual when he
has to make difficult decisions.
 The general assumption is that conflict tends to have negative
consequences for both the individual and the organization such as
bitter labor disputes, turnover and lost productivity.
 Workplace conflicts come in all forms and are most common between
coworkers or a superior and a subordinate. Understanding the
typical life cycle of a conflict can help managers skillfully manage
workplace disagreements and bring them to successful resolution.
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Conflict and Conflict Cycle
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According to Penn State, a conflict cycle, by definition,
is the process by which a conflict emerges, grows and
ultimately resolves itself. Several underlying factors,
interpersonal and organizational, contribute to
workplace conflict. Hierarchy and conflicting interests
often lead to work-related conflicts. They can rise out
of resource allocation, workload or benefits. If groups
perceive unequal treatment, this can lead to resentment
and conflict over real or imagined disparities.
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Other forms of conflict are those based on interpersonal relationships and
tensions. Office politics, gossip, rumors and their consequences are easy to
observe. Clashing personality styles, language and cultures as well as gender
conflict often lead to harassment or discrimination charges.
Disagreement Occurs
As the initial disagreement or threat begins to develop, more parties become
involved and all parties take sides. The upswing might be quick, or differences
make appear slowly over time. In this early stage, conflict is not readily obvious,
but the tension between parties is noticeable, and they often try to avoid contact
with one another. The Society for Human Resource Management, or SHRM,
recommends dealing with conflict early on before tension builds and problems
escalate.
Polarized Opinions Form
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In the next stage of the conflict cycle, involved
parties start to ask questions about the situation.
They want to know all the detail to decide who is
right and wrong. Each side starts to gather support
and justification for its position. The conflict becomes
more open and characterized by low level fighting.
Relationships become very strained and there is an
obvious polarization between the sides.
Confrontation and Arguments Intensify
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After the battle lines are drawn and sides
chosen, one group makes an obvious
attempt to block the opposition's goals. This
is the peak of the conflict and the tension,
fighting and violence is the most intense.
This behavior could be obvious interference,
or more indirect disruption, such as
backbiting and rumors.
Resolution of Issue
Every conflict must eventually resolve, either through
compromise or by one party claiming victory over the
other, at least for the time being.
 Ideally, the life cycle of the conflict ends when the group
reaches an understanding and agrees to an outcome
that everyone accepts. Compromise is another
possibility.
 Each party gains and loses a little, but they manage to
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What is the conflict cycle?
Conclusion
Vote of Thanks
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Thanks for your listening attention.
End
End