1. The breast spans between:
A. 2nd-6th intercostal cartilages
B. 1st-3rd intercostal cartilages
C. 3rd-6th intercostal cartilages
D. 4th-6th intercostal cartilages
2. The mammary gland is a modified:
A. Sweat gland
B. Mucinous gland
C. Sebaceous gland
D. Lacrimal gland
3. The nipple of the breast is found in:
A. 5th intercostal space
B. 3rd intercostal space
C. 2nd intercostal space
D. 4th intercostal space
4. Approximately 60% of breast cancer occur in:
A. Upper inner quadrant
B. Lower inner quadrant
C. Lower lateral quadrant
D. Upper lateral quadrant
5. Which muscle rotates, abducts and elevates the scapulae?
A. Serratus anterior
B. Scalene
C. Subclavius
D. Pectoralis major
E. Pectoralis minor
6. Which type of breast cancer is characterized by a peau d'orangè appearance of nipple?
A. Lobular carcinoma in situ
B. Ductal carcinoma in situ
C. Invasive lobular carcinoma
D. Inflammatory breast cancer
E. Phyllodes tumor
7. During radical mastectomy, which nerves are most likely to be injured?
A. Long thoracic & thoracodorsal
B. Long thoracic & median
C. Radial & ulnar
D. Musculocutaneous & thoracodorsal
E. Muaculophrenic & thoracodorsal
8. Pectoris minor is usually severed near:
A. Origin of coracoid process
B. Manubrium sterni
C. Medial half of clavicle
D. Inferior surface of clavicle
E. Insertion into coracoid process
9. Which of the following muscles are preserved during modified radical mastectomy?
A. Subclavius & serratus anterior
B. Subclavius & serratus posterior
C. Serratus anterior & Pectoralis minor
D. Pectoralis major & minor
E. Pectoralis minor & subclavius
10. Which muscle flexes, adducts and medially rotate the arm?
A. Serratus anterior
B. Subclavius
C. Pectoralis major
D. Pectoralis minor
E. Internal intercostal
11. About 75% of lymph from breast drains into:
A. Parasternal nodes
B. Axillary nodes
C. Pectoral nodes
D. Anterior nodes
E. B, C, D are correct
12. Which of the following vessels does not supply the breast?
A. Internal thoracic artery
B. Lateral thoracic artery
C. Posterior intercostal artery
D. Thoracoacromial trunk
E. None of these
13. The lymph from the upper quadrant of the breast drains mainly into the
A. Internal thoracic nodes
B. Posterior axillary nodes
C.Anterior axillary nodes
D. Lateral axillary nodes
E. Apical group of nodes
14. The nerve supply of the pectoralis major muscle comes from:
A. Medial pectoral
B. Lateral pectoral
C. Long thoracic nerve
D. Thoracodorsal nerve
E. A & B
15. Which of the following muscles depresses scapula and elevates the ribs?
A. Pectoralis major
B. Subclavius
C. Serratus anterior
D. Scalene
E. Pectoralis minor
16. A layer of loose connective tissues between breast and pectoral fascia used for reconstructive
plastic surgery is:
A. retromammary space
B. Axillary tail of Spence
C. Quadrangular space
D. Triangular space
E. Subdural space
17. Breast examination of a 30-yearold woman reveal a palpable mass. Which of the following
characteristics of breast cancer and its diagnosis is correct?
A. Elevated nipple
B. Polymastia
C. Shortening of the clavipectoral fascia
D. Dimpling of the overlying skin
E. Enlargement of the breast
18. Axillary vein forms from the Basilic and Brachial beins at the
A. Lower border of Teres Major
B. Upper border of Teres minor
C. Lower border of the pectoral major
D. Level of subscapular artery
E. Upper border of Teres Major
19. The pulsation of the axillary artery is felt in front of/ against:
A. Teres major
B. Humerus
C. Rhomboid major
D. Latissimus dorsi
E. A & B
20. Axillay artery is divided into 3 parts by:
A. Pectoralis minor
B. Teres major
C. Lateral margin of first rib
D. Pectoralis major
E. Serratus anterior
21. Nerve supply to breast comes through the anterior and lateral branches of:
A. 4th-6th intercostal nerves
B. 2nd-6th intercostal nerves
C. 1st-6th intercostal nerves
D. Splanchnic & Vagus nerves
E. 3rd-5th intercostal nerves
22. Most lipid in milk is released from cells by which mechanism?
A. Apocrine secretion
B. Paracrine secretion
C. Holocrine secretion
D. Merocrine secretion
E. Autocrine secretion
23. Structures passing through the costocoracoid membrane include all EXCEPT
A. cephalic vein
B. Lateral pectoral nerve
C. Basilic vein
D. thoracoacromial trunk
E. Lymph from infraclavicular nodes
24. The basal lamina of acini cells are surrounded by:
A. Myoepithelial cells
B. Neuroendocrine
C. Enteroendocrine cells
D. Kulchitsky cells
E. Apud cells
25. The Parasternal group of nodes lies along which artery?
A. Internal thoracic
B. Lateral thoracic
C. Posterior intercostal
D. Anterior intercostal
E. Thoracoacromial
26. Elevations produced at the periphery of areola due to enlarge sebaceous gland:
A. Lactiferous duct
B. Lactiferous sinus
C. Nipple
D. Suspensory ligament
E. Tubercles of Montgomery
27. Most distinguishing feature of inactive mammary gland:
A. Inactive & spherical alveolar cells
B. Enlarge acini
C. Cuboidal epithelium
D. Fats deposit
E. Less cells & more fibers
28. Which ducts of mammary glands contains only columnar epithelium?
A. Lactiferous sinus
B. Lactiferous ducts
C. Interlobular ducts
D. Intralobular ducts
E. Alveolar ducts
29. In lactation, which substance is secreted through merocrine means?
A. Proteins
B. Fatty acids
C. Cholesterol
D. Lactose
E. Vitamins
30. Epidermal thickenings from which mammary glands develop:
A. Mammary ridges
B. Milk lines
C. Retroammary space
D. Lactiferous sinus/ducts
E. Both A & B
31. The correct order of ducts in mammary glands:
A. Lactiferous, interlobular, intralobular, alveolar
B. Interlobular, intralobular, lactiferous, alveolar
C. Intralobular, lactiferous, alveolar, interlobular
D. Lactiferous, intralobular, interlobular, alveolar
E. Alveolar, intralobular, interlobular, lactiferous
32. Colostrum released from lactating mothers after delivery does not contain:
A. Antibodies (IgA)
B. Proteins
C. Vitamins
D. Leukocytes
E. None
33. Milk ejection reflex is regulated by a peptide hormone that is secreted by neuroendocrine
cells in which of the following anatomic locations?
A. Adrenal cortex
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Hypothalamus
D. Ovary
E. Pituitary
34. Breast milk that appears thick and yellow is particularly rich in which of the following
important biological molecules?
A. Antibodies
B. Coagulation factors
C. Complement proteins
D. Lipases
E. Proteases
35. A palpable mass detected in the lower lateral quadrant of the left breast most likely
originated from which of the following cells within the patient’s mammary gland?
A. Ductal epithelial cells
B. Mesenchymal stem cells
C. Smooth muscle cells
D. Stromal adipocytes
E. Stromal fibroblasts
36. Which of the following types of connective tissue best describes interlobular and
interlobar stromal tissue present in terminal portion of inactive mammary glands?
A. Dense irregular
B. Dense regular
C. Elastic
D. Loose areolar
E. Reticula
Answers
1. A. The breast spans between 2nd-6th intercostal cartilages (TeachMeAnatomy)
2. A. The mammary is a modified sweat gland.(BRS Anatomy)
3. D. The nipple is found in 4th intercostal space. (BRS Anatomy, TeachMeAnatomy)
4. D. Approximately 60% of breast cancer occur in upper lateral (outer) quadrant. (BRS Anatomy
5. A. Serratus anterior rotates, abducts and elevates the scapulae. (BRS Anatomy)
6. D. Inflammatory breast cancer is characterized by a peau d'orangè appearance of nipple.
(BRS Anatomy)
7. A. Long thoracic & thoracodorsal nerves are most likely to be injured during radical
mastectomy. (BRS Anatomy)
8. E. Pectoris minor is usually severed near its insertion into coracoid process. (BRS Anatomy)
9. Pectoralis major & minor muscles are preserved during modified radical mastectomy. (BRS
Anatomy)
10. C. Pectoralis major flexes, adducts and medially rotate the arm. (BRS Anatomy)
11. C. About 75% of lymph from breast drains into pectoral group of nodes. (BRS Anatomy)
12. E. All of the vessels listed supply the breast. (TeachMeAnatomy)
13. C. Lymph from upper quadrant of the breast drains mainly into the anterior axillary lymph
nodes. (BRS Anatomy)
14. E. The nerve supply of the pectoralis major muscle comes from medial and lateral
intercostal nerves. (TeachMeAnatomy)
15. E. Pectoralis minor depresses scapula and elevates the ribs. (TeachMeAnatomy, BRS
Anatomy)
16. A. Retromammary space (BRS Anatomy, TeachMeAnatomy)
17. D. Dimpling of overlying skin (TeachMeAnatomy)
18. A. Lower border of Teres Major (BRS Anatomy)
19. E. both A & B (BRS Anatomy)
20. A. Pectoralis minor (TeachMeAnatomy)
21. A. 4th-6th intercostal nerves (BRS Anatomy)
22. A. Apocrine secretion (Junquierra's Histology)
23. C. Basilic vein (TeachMeAnatomy)
24. A. The basal lamina of acini cells are surrounded by myoepithelial cells. (Human Histology)
25. A. The Parasternal group of nodes lies along the internal thoracic artery. (BRS Anatomy)
26. E. Tubercles of Montgomery (Human Histology)
27. A. Inactive & spherical alveolar cells (Human Histology)
28. B. Lactiferous ducts (Human Histology)
29. A. Proteins (Junquierra's Histology, Human Histology)
30. E. both A & B
31. A. Lactiferous, interlobular, intralobular, alveolar (Human Histology)
32. E. None (Junquierra's Histology)
33. E. Pituitary gland (Lippincott Illustrated review)
34. A. Antibodies ( Junquierra's Histology)
35. A. Ductal epithelial cells (Lippincott Illustrated review)
36. A. Dense irregular (Lippincott Illustrated review)