ENGLISH SYNTAX Give the form, the position and the syntactic function of the italicized word(s) in the sentences. 1. Last Monday was a holiday. 2. The Monday washing is on the line. 3. Mrs. Reed always washes Mondays. - form: noun in the plural - position: nominal - syntactic function: indirect O of the verb"washes" 4. Won’t you come in ? - presupposition - adverbal - ADJUNCT DIRECTION of the verb "come" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 1 ENGLISH SYNTAX 5. The outs were angry with the ins. - NP nominal OBJECT of preposition "with" 6. They stomped upstairs. ADVERB - ADVERBIAL ADJUNCT LOCATION OF VERB "STOMPED" - SUNG NGU CHI NOI CHON 7. They slept in the upstairs room. ADJECTIVE - adjectival PRE-NOMINAL MODIFIER OF THE NOUN "ROOM" - 8. One can see the airport from upstairs. ADVERB - nominal OBJECT of preposition "from" - INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 2 ENGLISH SYNTAX 9. Jack was wrestling with his Maths. - gerund verbal main verb "WAS westling", predicate of the sentence, complement for the action of subject "Jack" - 10.The wrestling roommates were exhausted. gerund -ADJECTIVAL pre-nominal modifier of the noun "roommates" and describes the type or characteristic of the roommates. - 11.Jennifer found wrestling exciting. - gerund nominal direct object of the verb "found", represent the concept that Jennifer excited. - 12.They came in wrestling. - gerund - adverbial "wrestling" modifies THE VERB "CAME IN " - INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 3 ENGLISH SYNTAX 13.The student movie is presented weekly. - adverb adverbial final position modifies the verb "presented"/ ADJUCT OF FREQUENCY OF V " IS PRESENTED" and provides information about the frequency or manner in which the student movie is presented. 14.The student movie IS a weekly occurrence. - ADJECTIVE adjectival pre nominal and modifies the noun "occurrence" 15.His way is the best. - noun phrase nominal subject of the VERB "IS", refers to the specific manner or method to do st. 16.He had it his way. - noun phrase ADVERBIAL ADJUNCT OF MANNER OF THE VERB "HAD" 17.The mechanic ran the engine full speed. - noun phrase adverbial ADJUNCT OF MANNER OF THE VERB "RUN" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 4 ENGLISH SYNTAX 18.By this means he burned down the carbon. - PRE PHRASE adverbial ADJUNCT OF MANNER OF THE VERB "BURNED DOWN" 19.He raised the hood because the engine was hot. - ADVERB clause adverbial - ADJUNCT OF CAUSE OF THE VERB "RAISED" final position, provide the cause behind the action "raised the hood". 20.Angry and upset, the applicant Slammed the door. - adjective phrase ADJECTIVAL PRE-NOMINAL MODIFIER OF THE NOUN "THE APPLICANT" 21.The angry and upset applicant slammed the door. - adjective phrase adjectival pre-nominal ,modifies of the noun phrase subject "applicant", 22.The applicant appeared angry and upset. adjective phrase (APPEARED: CHI CO CHUC NANG KET NOI TRONG CAU) ADJECTIVAL SUBJECT COMPLEMENT "THE APPLICANT" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 5 ENGLISH SYNTAX 23.Angrily, the applicant slammed the door. - adverb advebial ADJUNCT OF MANNER OF THE VERB "SLAMMED" initial position, modifies of the verb "slammed" the door, provides the information how the action was performed. - 24.The angry make few friends. - noun phrase nomial head of the noun phrase, subject of the verb "make" - 25.The upset sometimes need treatment. noun phrase - nominal subject of the verb "need", 26.They found the cabin just what they wanted. finite noun clause -adjectival object complement of the noun phrase "the cabin" - 27.To work in an international company is his aim. - infinitive phrase nominal subject of the verb "is" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 6 ENGLISH SYNTAX 28.The man didn’t attend the meeting since he had a cold. - finite adverb clause adverbial ADJUNCT OF CAUSE OF THE VERB "DIDN'T ATTEND" . 29.Bored with the lecture, the student left the class early. - adjective clause ADJECTIVAL PRE-NOMINAL OF THE NOUN PHRASE "THE STUDENT" 30.The students felt bored with the lecture and paid no attention to it. - adjective phrase ADJECTIVAL SUBJECT COMPLEMENT of the nounphrase "THE STUDENTS" 31.The student did exactly whatever the teacher had required. - finite noun clause NOMINAL DIRECT OBJECT OF THE VERB "DID" 32.Have you finished the book which he lent you? - RELATIVE CLAUSE/ADJECTIVE CLAUSE adjectival post-modifier of the direct object "the book". dung sau bo nghia cho N INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 7 ENGLISH SYNTAX 33.The students are studying online. - present participle verbal a part of the verb of "are studying". 34.They postponed renovating the main office. - gerund phrase nominal direct object of the verb "postponed" 35.From home, we can attend classes online. - preposition phrase (bat dau bang gioitu) adverbial adjunct of place of the verb "can attend" sung ngu chi noi chon 36.The candidate looked anxious and worried. - adjective phrase adjectival subject complement of the verb "looked" 37.The report is submitted weekly. - adverb - adverbial adjunct of frequency of the verb "is submitted" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 8 ENGLISH SYNTAX 38.The smiling interviewer came into the room. present participle - adjectival pre nominal modifies of the noun 'interviewer' - 39.She finds swimming useful. - noun nominal direct object of "finds" 40.They are swimming in the pool nearby. - present participle verbal part of the verb "are swimming" 41.I have read a weekly report. - adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "report" 42.The friendly make many friends. - noun phrase nominal subject of the verb "make" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 9 ENGLISH SYNTAX 43.We turn on the air conditioner because the weather is hot. - form: finite adverb clause adverbclause position: adverbial adverbial function: adjunct of cause of the verb phrase "turn on" modifies the verb 'turn on', reason why for the action. 44.He turned on the TV full volume. - noun phrase adverbial adjunct manner the verb 'turn on' 45.He did the task without care. - prepositional noun phrase without la gioi tu adverbial adjunct of manner of verb "did" 46.I will buy whichever is the most reliable . - finite noun clause nominal direct object of the verb "will buy' 47.He considered solving the problem. solving: gerund cai gi: direct object gerund phrase - nomial direct object of the verb 'considered' INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 10 ENGLISH SYNTAX 48.Have you finished the assignment which the Teacher gave ? - finite relative clause/adjective clause (who, which, whom..) adjectival ( bo nghia cho danh tu) post-modifier of the noun phrase 'the assignment' 49.They attended a yearly celebration . - adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier the noun "celebration" 50.They are shopping online. - present participle (V_ing) - verbal - part of verb of the verb "are shopping" 51.They think shopping online convenient . eg.They think English easy. - noun phrase nominal direct object of the verb "think" 52.Exhausted and depressed, the worker walked slowly. - adjective phrase - adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun phrase "the worker" - INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 11 ENGLISH SYNTAX 53.The commentator made the match report full volume and speed. - noun phrase adverbial adjunct of manner of the verb "made" 54.The worker worked slowly because he was exhausted. - finite adverb clause adverbial adjunct of cause of the verb "worked" 55. To speak English fluently is my goal. - infinitive phrase nominal subject of the verb "is" 56.Do you agree with what I have suggested. - finite noun phrase nominal object of the preposition "with" 57.I have thought of meeting with my clients. - gerund phrase (of+V_ing) nominal direct object of the verb "thought of" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 12 ENGLISH SYNTAX 58.Would you like to come there with them? - infinitive phrase verbal direct of the verb "like" cai gi : direct object 59. I walk quietly so as not to awake the baby. co S an - non-finite adverb clause adverbial adjunct of purpose of the verb "walk" 60.From the top floor of the building , we can see an amazing view of the city. - preposition phrase adverbial adjunct of place of the verb phrase "can see" 61.We find jogging beneficial. - noun nominal direct object of the verb "find" 62.This solution is effective. - noun phrase nominal subject of the verb "is" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 13 ENGLISH SYNTAX 63.The film is shown on the odd days. - preposition phrase adverbial adjunct of time of the verb "is shown" 64.I usually play chess with the boy in the downstairs room. - adv adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "room' 65.The old need help . - noun phrase nominal subject of the verb "need" 66.They found the room what they had expected . - finite noun clause nominal object complement of the noun phrase "the room" 67.The man looked exhausted and depressed. - adjective phrase adjectival subject complement of the verb "looked" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 14 ENGLISH SYNTAX 68.He got up early so as not to miss his bus to school. - non-finite adverb clause adverbial adjunct of purpose of the verb phrase got up 69.Select the one suitable for your state. - adjective phrase adjectival post- modifier of the noun phrase "the one" 70.He headed home. - adverb ( di dau) adverbial adjunct of direction of the verb "headed" 71.His priority is always his home . - noun phrase nominal subject complement of the verb "is" 72.To go or not to go is what I have been thinking of. - verb infinitive nominal subject of the verb "is" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 15 ENGLISH SYNTAX 73.That he is always coming to class late makes others annoyed. - finite noun clause nominal subject of the verb "makes" 74.Do you understand why I do that ? - finite noun clause nominal direct object of the verb "understand" 75.It is obvious that the problems are immense. - finite noun clause nominal real subject of the verb "is" 76.He is the second student to be called to the office. - infinitive phrase adjectival post-modifier of the noun phrase "the second student". 77.He has to appear in court on a charge of drunken driving. - prepositional phrase adverbial adjunct of cause of the verb phrase "has to appear" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 16 ENGLISH SYNTAX 78.It’s time to go. - verb infinitive adjectival post-modifier of the noun "time" 79.We all find regular practice important. - noun phrase ( find: linking verb) nominal direct object of the verb "find" 80.They entered the room laughing and talking. - present participle (V_ing) adverbial adjunct of manner of the verb "entered" 81.They found the candidate just whom they had expected. - relative clause adjectival post modifier of the noun phrase "the candidate" 82.I saw a drinking horse. - present participle adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "horse" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 17 ENGLISH SYNTAX 83.We need some more drinking water. - present participle adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "water" 84.I’ll water these trees while you are away. - adverb clause adverbial adjunct of time of the verb " 'll water" 85.I don’t know the reason why he hates me. - finite noun clause nominal direct object of the verb "know" 86.To win or to lose is not important for me. - infinitive verb nominal subject complement of the verb "is" 87.To win the match is their desire. - infinitive phrase nominal subject complement of the verb "is" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 18 ENGLISH SYNTAX 88.My Mom always goes shopping Saturdays. - a plural noun adverbial adjunct of time of the verb phrase "goes' 89.My Mom often goes shopping weekly. - adverb adverbial adjunct of time of the verb "goes" 90.The jealous always feel uncomfortable. - noun phrase nominal subject of the verb "feel" 91.The teacher found the results of her students just what she expected. - finite noun clause adjectival post modifier of the noun phrase "the results" 92.Excitedly, the boy jumped and shouted loudly. - adverb adverbial adjunct of manner of the verb phrase "jumped and shouted" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 19 ENGLISH SYNTAX 93.I have just attended a monthly meeting. - adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "meeting" 94.His suggestion is applicable. - noun phrase nominal subject of the verb "is" 95.They work in the upstairs room. - adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "room" 96.She thinks cooking very interesting. - noun nominal direct object of the verb "thinks" 97.He solved it his own way. - noun phrase adverbial adjunct of manner of the verb "solved" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 20 ENGLISH SYNTAX 98.The disappointed man walked out angrily. - adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "man" 99.The man became extremely disappointed . - adjective phrase adjectival post modifier of the noun phrase "the man" 100. - He felt upset since his suggestion was ignored. finite adverb clause adverbial adjunct of cause of the verb "felt" 101. - The introverts don’t agree with the extroverts. noun phrase nominal object of the preposition 'with' 102. - The extroverts usually make friends easily. noun phrase nominal subject of the verb "make" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 21 ENGLISH SYNTAX 103. - The Thursday lecture is online. adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "lecture. 104. - My brother always does the laundry Saturdays. a plural noun nominal post modifier of the noun phrase 'the laundry'. 105. - He was doing morning exercise. present participle verbal a part verb of the verb " was doing" 106. She saw shopping very relaxing. - noun nominal direct object of the verb "saw" 107. - The staff meeting is a monthly occurrence. adjective adjectival pre-nominal modifier of the noun "occurence" INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 22 ENGLISH SYNTAX 108. Where we will travel depends on the group leader. 109. finite noun clause nominal subject of the verb "depends" It’s time to take a break. - infinitive phrase adjectival post modifier of the noun 'time'. - 110. The kid repeated exactly what his Mom had said. - finite noun clause nominal direct object of the verb " repeated" - INSTRUCTOR: ĐOÀN PHAN PHƯƠNG DUNG 23
