Pharmacology assignment
Prepared by :
‫احمد محمد عبدالغني ابراهيم‬
ID : 812591195
Under supervision :
Dr/ Asmaa El-rakhawy
Dr/ Neimat Abd El-Hakam
Acute & chronic aspirin toxicity
The signs and symptoms of acute and chronic aspirin toxicity are
different. Acute toxicity occurs when a person takes a very large dose
of aspirin at one time, usually more than 150 mg/kg or 6.5 g. Chronic
toxicity occurs when a normal daily dose of aspirin builds up in the
body over time, causing symptoms. This may happen if the kidneys do
not work correctly or when a person is dehydrated.
➢ Signs and symptoms of acute and chronic aspirin toxicity are:
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Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal pain
Lethargy and dizziness
Fever and sweating
Fast breathing rate (hyperventilation)
Respiratory alkalosis (low carbon dioxide in the blood)
Metabolic acidosis (high acid in the blood)
Low blood potassium (hypokalemia)
Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia)
Hallucinations and confusion
Seizures and coma
Swelling of the brain or lungs (cerebral or pulmonary edema)
Cardiac arrest
The treatment of aspirin toxicity depends on the severity of the
poisoning and whether it is acute or chronic.
➢ For acute Aspirin Toxicity :
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Gastric Decontamination: This may involve administration of activated charcoal to
limit further absorption of aspirin from the gastrointestinal tract.
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Alkaline Diuresis: Intravenous sodium bicarbonate is given to alkalinize the
urine,promoting the excretion of aspirin.
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Supportive Care: Managing symptoms such as fever, dehydration, and electrolyte
imbalances.
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Hemodialysis: In severe cases, especially when there's a risk of life-threatening
complications, hemodialysis may be used to enhance aspirin elimination.
➢ For chronic Aspirin Toxicity :
• Discontinuation of Aspirin Use: Cease further intake of aspirin to prevent ongoing
toxicity.
• Symptomatic Treatment: Address symptoms like gastrointestinal irritation or
bleeding.
• Fluid and Electrolyte Management: Correct any imbalances caused by chronic
aspirin use.
• Supportive Care: Monitor and manage complications such as anemia or kidney
dysfunction.