ID= B4210024
Name: Isadiin shariif bare
( project management )
1.1= Describe the features of a project. How do they
differ from day-to-day processes within an organization?
Answer: A project is a temporary and unique endeavor
with a specific goal or objective, carried out to create a
product, service, or result. It is characterized by a defined
beginning and end, a set of resources, and a plan to
achieve the desired outcome[5]. Projects are different
from day-to-day processes within an organization in that
they are temporary, have a specific goal or objective, and
require a unique set of resources to achieve the desired
outcome
1.2 What do you see as the primary challenges to
introducing a project management philosophy in most
organiza-tions? That is, why is it difficult to shift to a
project-based approach in many companies?
1. Change Resistance: People often don't like change,
and a project-based approach can be a big change.
2. Skill Gap: Not everyone knows how to manage
projects. If the staff lack training, it can be hard to
implement.
3. Resources: Shifting to a project-based approach
can require more time, money, or staff, which may not
be available.
4. Culture Change: A project-based approach
might require a different way of working, which can be
tough to adopt.
5. Lack of Support: If the top management doesn't
back the change, it can be difficult to implement.
6. Business Goals: If the project-based approach
doesn't align with the company's goals, it can be hard to
justify the change.
1.3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of using
project management?
Advantages of Project Management:
1. *Clearly Defined Objectives*: Project management
helps organizations set clear objectives for projects. It
ensures that stakeholders and team members
understand what is expected of them and how their work
contributes to the overall project.
2. *Improved Efficiency*: By managing tasks, allocating
resources, and reducing roadblocks, project management
enhances team efficiency. This leads to cost savings and
prevents projects from exceeding budgets.
3. *Better Communication and Collaboration*: Effective
communication fosters collaboration among team
members. Sharing ideas, concerns, and working toward
common goals becomes easier with project
management.
4. *Accurate Risk Assessment*: Project management
allows calculated risk-taking. Identifying risks early helps
in resource allocation and efficient planning¹.
### Disadvantages of Project Management:
1. *High Costs*: Implementing project management can
be expensive, especially for smaller companies. Training
employees on new systems and tools adds to the cost³.
2. *Reliance on Technology*: Project management often
relies on software and technology. Organizations must
ensure that employees are familiar with these tools to
avoid disruptions.
3. *Complexity and Resistance*: Transitioning to a
project-based approach can be complex. Cultural
resistance, organizational structure changes, and risk
aversion may hinder adoption¹.
1.4= What key characteristics do all projects possess?
In project management, all projects, regardless of their
size or complexity, generally share these key
characteristics:
1. Uniqueness: Every project is unique. It has a specific
set of objectives and is usually designed to bring about
beneficial change or added value.
2. Temporary Nature: Projects have a defined start and
end. They are not ongoing efforts and have a specific
duration to deliver the intended output.
3. Purpose: Each project has a clear and defined purpose
or goal. It could be creating a new product, improving a
process, or implementing a new system.
4. Specific Deliverables: Projects result in a specific
outcome, product, or service. The deliverables are
tangible and measurable.
5. Resources: Projects require resources, which could
include people, materials, equipment, and financial
resources.
6. Risk and Uncertainty: Projects generally involve a level
of uncertainty and risk. This could be due to factors such
as time constraints, cost overruns, or unanticipated
problems.
7. Change: Projects often bring about change in an
organization. This could be a change in processes,
systems, products, or services.
8. Cross-Functional Teams: Projects often involve a team
of individuals who may not usually work together. These
could be people from different departments or even
different organizations.
1.6= Think of both a successful project and an
unsuccessful project with which you are familiar. What
distinguishes the two, both in terms of the process used
to develop them and their outcomes?
= a successful and an unsuccessful project that I am
familiar with, both based in Somalia:
1. Successful Project: A project that I am familiar with is
the "Somalia Emergency Drought Response and Recovery
Project (SEDRP)" supported by the World Bank. Initiated
in 2018, the project aimed to address the immediate
effects of the severe drought in Somalia by providing
support to affected households and strengthening the
capacity of the government to respond effectively to
future crises. The project was successful due to its welldefined objectives, adequate resources, and effective
implementation. It managed to reach 1.77 million people
with cash transfers to help them cope with the drought.
2. Unsuccessful Project: On the other hand, a project that
I am familiar with and didn't meet its objectives was a
road construction project in Somalia. The project aimed
to build a network of roads to connect different regions
of the country and boost trade and economic activity.
However, due to a lack of proper planning, inadequate
resources, and security issues, the project faced
numerous delays and cost overruns. Ultimately, it failed
to deliver the intended outcomes within the specified
timeline and budget.
In summary, the key distinguishing factors between the
two projects were the clarity of objectives, availability of
resources, planning, and execution. The successful
project had all these elements, while the unsuccessful
project fell short, leading to different outcomes.
( ANOTHER WAY OF EXPLAINING )
Successful Project:


Process Used:
o Clear Planning: The successful project had a well-defined plan from the
beginning. Goals, milestones, and resource allocation were carefully
thought out.
o Effective Communication: Team members communicated openly,
shared progress, and addressed challenges promptly.
o Risk Management: Risks were identified early, and mitigation
strategies were in place.
o Adaptability: The project team adjusted to unexpected changes without
losing sight of the end goal.
Outcomes:
o Cost-Efficient: The project stayed within budget or even came in under
budget.
o Timely Completion: It finished on schedule or ahead of time.
o High Quality: Deliverables met or exceeded expectations.
o Smooth Transition: The project seamlessly integrated into existing
operations.
Unsuccessful Project:


Process Used:
o Lack of Planning: The unsuccessful project lacked a clear roadmap.
Goals were vague, and resources were poorly allocated.
o Communication Breakdown: Team members didn’t collaborate
effectively. Misunderstandings and conflicts arose.
o Risk Ignored: Risks were overlooked, leading to unexpected setbacks.
o Resistance to Change: The team struggled to adapt when faced with
challenges.
Outcomes:
o Cost Overruns: The project exceeded the budget significantly.
o Delays: It missed deadlines, causing frustration.
o Quality Issues: Deliverables were subpar or didn’t meet requirements.
o Disruption: The project caused operational problems during
implementation.
In summary, successful projects thrive on planning, communication, adaptability, and
risk management, while unsuccessful ones suffer from poor processes and undesirable
outcomes. 🌟
(ANOTHER EXAMLE OF SUCCESSFUL PROJECT AND UNSUCCESSFUL PROJECT)
Successful Project: A successful project I can think of is a hypothetical "Agricultural
Development Project" in Somalia. This project was aimed at improving the
agricultural practices and increasing the yield of crops. The process involved a
thorough assessment of the existing agricultural practices, training of farmers, and
introduction of modern farming techniques. The project was well-planned and
executed, with clear objectives, regular monitoring, and effective communication
among all stakeholders. The outcome was a significant increase in crop yield, leading
to improved livelihoods for farmers and increased food security in the region.
2.
Unsuccessful Project: An unsuccessful project could be a hypothetical
"Water Supply Infrastructure Project" in Somalia. This project aimed to improve
access to clean water by building new water supply systems. However, the project
faced several challenges. There was inadequate planning, poor coordination among
the team, and lack of proper resources. The project also faced security issues and was
unable to adapt to changing circumstances. As a result, the project was delayed and
eventually abandoned, failing to achieve its objective of improving
access to clean water.
THE END