Review of last week Energy Energy is the ability to do work, or transfer heat. Energy can take various forms, Can you name a few energy forms? xxxxxx. Energy vs Matter Matter can contain Energy. Interconnected at a fundamental level Einstein’s theory of relativity introduced the equation E=mc^2, suggesting energy can be converted to matter and vice versa. This means the two are interconnected at a fundamental level. Can you name a few examples of energy and matter, respectively? xxxxxx Where is the energy from? Electricity: xxxxxx Human: xxxxxx The first law of thermodynamics is also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy: xxxxxx Second law of thermodynamics is xxxxxx. System analysis A systems analysis determines what goes into, what comes out of, and what has changed within a given system. Inputs and Outputs: xxxxxx of matter, and xxxxxx of energy Types of systems: Isolated: no matter or energy enters or leaves Closed: energy enters and leaves but materials does not Open: both energy and matter enter and leaveInputs and outputs Feedbacks: Ecosystem An ecosystem is an interactive complex of a biological community and its physical environment. Ecosystem Analysis: can you explain it combining the aspects of system analysis and definition of ecosystem? Use terrestrial/land and aquatic system as examples: Physical environment: Biological community: Flow of energy: Food chain Producers: Photosynthesis non-photosynthetic Decomposers: Different types of decomposers: Food Web Trophic Efficiency Ecological pyramids Trophic level Gross and Net Production Limiting factors Variations in productivity among ecosystems Cycle of Matter: Hydrological Cycle Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Phosphorus Cycle Can you: 1) draw the cycle for these cycles that are important to biological processes; 2) explain each process: Forms in which each chemical is available or used by organisms Major reservoirs for each chemical Key processes driving movement of each chemical through its cycle 3) explain how human actions are affecting each cycle?
