ELEMENTS OF POETRY
ELEMENTS
LITERARY DEVICES
POETRY is considered to be the counterpart of
PROSE
3 S’
STRUCTURE
POETRY
STANZA & LINES
SENSE
COLORFUL
LANGUAGE
RHYME,
RHYTHYM,
METER
SOUND
PROSE
SENTENCES &
PARAGRAPH
DIRECT
MONOLOGUE
1. LINE
• Counterpart of sentences in prose
• May or may not have fixed number of syllables
based on the type of poem
2. STANZA
• Counterpart of paragraphs in prose
• Group of lines
• Has TYPES based on the number of lines that
compose it
TYPES OF STANZA
• A. COUPLET - two lines
• B. TERCET – three lines
• C. TERZA RIMA – three stanzas of three lines
• D. QUATRAIN – four lines
• E. SESTET – six lines
• F. OCTET – eight lines
• G. CINQUAIN – five lines
• H. SEPTET – seven lines
3. METER – measurement of the poem
• TWO WAYS TO IDENTIFY THE METER OF THE POEM
• 1. Looking at the syllables count of each line
• 2. looking at the arrangement and number of STRESSED
and UNSTRESSED syllables in each line.
METER
Unit/foot/Syllables Count
Iambic Trimeter
Three unit/feet(6 syllables)
Iambic Tetrameter
Four unit/feet (8 syllables)
Iambic Pentameter
Five unit/feet (10 syllables)
Iambic Hexameter
Six unit/feet (12 syllables)
My Dim Heart by Maica Jill N. De Guzman
Silent tears of pain,
The Lord enters my dim heart
Renewed strength and faith
Si/lent/ tears /of/ pain/,
The/ Lord/ en/ters/ my/ dim/ heart/
Re/newed/ strength/ and/ faith
Types of METER
1. IAMBIC METER – metrical feet comprising one unstressed
syllable followed by one stressed syllable (da-DUM) reCORD (v)
2. TROCHAIC METER – with one stressed followed by one
unstressed syllable (DUM-da) RE-cord (n)
3. ANAPESTIC METER – with two unstressed followed by one
stressed syllable (da-da-DUM) un-ders-TAND, in the SKY
4. DACTYLIC METER– one stressed followed by two
unstressed syllables (DUM-da-da) HOPE-ful-ness, E-lephant, IN- the sun
Types of METER
1. SPONDAIC METER – with two stressed syllables (DUMDUM. This meter creates a slow, heavy, and emphatic
rhythm.
2. PYRRHIC METER – with two unstressed syllables (dada). It is not typically used in prevailing meter in a
poem. It can be used within a line to create a softer or
more subdued effect
Types of METER
1. ACCENTUAL METER – each line has a fixed number of
stresses, but varies in the total number of syllables.
2. SYLLABIC METER – each line has a fixed number of
syllables, but varies in the total number stresses
3. ACCENTUAL-SYLLABIC METER – each line has the same
number of stressed and non-stressed syllables in a fixed
order.
4. FREE VERSE – lines have irregular patterns of stresses and
syllables.
4. RHYME – pertains to the likeness of the sound
• A poem without a RHYME is a BLANK VERSE.
• TYPES OF RHYME
• A. based on the position
• B. based on the syllables count
• C. based on the likeness of sound
TYPES OF RHYME
• A. END RHYME – the most common type of rhyme
which can be found at the end of the lines.
• B. INTERNAL/LEONINE RHYME – the rhyme
which can be found in between two or more
words in a single line.
• C. MASCULINE RHYME – the rhyme consisting of a
single stressed syllable as in “car” and “far”.
TYPES OF RHYME
• D. FEMININE RHYME – the rhyme consisting of a
stressed syllable followed by n unstressed syllable, as in
“mother” and “father”
• E. PERFECT RHYME – the exact match of sounds in a
rhyme, as in “ask” and “task”
• F. SLANT RHYME – the imperfect rhyme, also called
oblique rhyme or off rhyme, wherein the sounds are
similar but not exactly the same, as in “port” and “heart.”
5. RHYTHM
• pertains to the succession and
alteration of rhymes
6. RHYME SCHEME/Rhythmic Pattern
• This is done by assigning letters to each
rhyme of the poem.
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
by William Wordsworth
I wandered lonely as a Cloud
The floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
7. TONE
• Is the overall impression a poet makes towards its
readers. It is simply the emotions the writer in conveying
through poetry.
• It is highly affected by the writer’s choice of words –
DICTION
• e.g. Mad, Sad, Angry, Happy, Excited, Serious, Furious, etc.
8. THEME
• Simply means the general idea of the topic of the poem/
a piece of writing.
• COMMON THEME
• Family, love, revenge, inspiration, friendship, overcoming
fear, etc.
9. LESSON
• It is simply the moral or the value inculcated in
the words of poetry
9 ELEMENTS IN POETRY
• LINE
• STANZA
• METER
• RHYME
• RHYME SCHEME
• RHYTHYM
• TONE
• THEME
• LESSON
LITERARY TECHNIQUES AND DEVICES
• DICTION – pertains to the writer’s choice of words
• IMAGERY – use of descriptive language to paint a picture
in the mind of the readers with the appeal of the FIVE
SENSES
• FIGURES OF SPEECH – are the expressions that deviate
from literal meaning to add color to a language.
HOW TO
CREATE
HYPER-POETRY
HYPER-POETRY
Is a form of poetry that incorporates multimedia
elements and interactive features.
It is define as a fusion of traditional poetry and
technology.
Poetry
Hyper-poetry
Poetry is literature that uses
aesthetic and often rhythmic
qualities of language
Hyper poetry is digital poetry that
is available on webpage and uses
hyperlinks
Created using a paper based
Created using computer based
medium
medium
Traditional poets handle their
Involves lines of verse that appear
language in such a way that it
with links to footnotes, poetry
evokes readers’ imagination,
generators, sub-poem, or poetry
creating visual and other imagery
with images or movement
in the readers’ mind.
Example of Hyper-Poetry
Title:
Author:
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Title - 4
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