The Big Fat Reviewer for General Physics 1 (Second Quarter) I. Rotational Motion π£π‘ = ππ Linear Measurement Quantities Δπ₯ Displacement π£ Velocity Angular Quantities Δπ (rad) Acceleration π πΌ (rad/s2) Force πΉ π (Nm) Momentum π πΏ (kgβm2/s) ππ = π (rad/s) π (πΌ = πππ 2 ) Object ππ‘ = ππΌ Disk/Cylinder π£π‘2 = ππ2 π 1/2 Hoop/Ring π = ππΉ = πΌπΌ πΌ = ππ 2 πΏ = πΌπ 1 Sphere Shell 2/3 Solid Sphere 2/5 Rod about Center 1/12 Rod about End 1/3 *πΌ is not mentioned because it still depends on the shape of the rotating body, but is analogous to its mass. **If force is applied to a lever arm at an angle, multiply torque by sin π. ***Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum applies (Σπ = 0 → πΏπ = πΏπ ). πΉπΊ = Kepler’s Laws # 1 Planets orbit the Sun elliptically. 2 A line from the planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. π 2 ∝ π3 3 *Law of Conservation of Energy applies for Universal GPE. πΊππ π2 2πΊπ π£ππ π = √ π ππΊ = − π2 = ( πΊ = 6.673 × 10−11 πΊππ π 4π 2 3 )π πΊπ kg ⁄ 3 m βs **π is the distance between the centers of masses of two objects; π is the radius of a large object II. Periodic and Harmonic Motion Description Parts of a Wave amplitude (π΄) max. displacement from equilibrium period (π) time taken for one full cycle wavelength (π) distance traveled after 1 cycle frequency (π) number of cycles per unit time [Hz] angular frequency (π) measures Δπ per unit time velocity (π£) speed of a physical wave angular wave no. (π) period of a physical wave [rad/m] Types of Waves according to energy transfer method Mechanical Electromagnetic – matter – EM fields – medium required – medium independent according to wave motion Transverse Longitudinal – perpendicular – parallel propagation propagation π£ ± π£πΏ m ππΏ = ππ ( ) π£ = 340 (sound in air) π£ ± π£π s L to S: pos (πΏ → π); S away L: pos (π ← πΏ) III. Damped Harmonic Motion Critically return to eq. most quickly Undergradually reducing π and π΄ Overexponential decay to eq. π= 1 π π= π = 2ππ = 2π π 2π π π£ = ππ π¦ = π΄ sin(ππ₯ − ππ‘) Superposition Interference – when two waves superimpose Destructive (DI) opposite waves minimize Constructive (CI) same direction waves amplify Wave Reflection – occurs in a non-propagating wave end Fixed End inverted, upside down Free End as it was sent Standing Waves – appear to stand still due to specific natural frequencies, with nodes (total DI) and antinodes (maximal CI) Harmonics a system’s set of all standing waves Doppler Effect – sound wave interference phenomenon The Physics of Matter Fluid Dynamics Quantities Common Solids Volumes Solids Volumes 3 3 π ππ 2 β Cube Cylinder Volume (π) space occupied [m ] ππ€β ππ 2 β⁄3 Rectangular Prism Cone Density (π) π⁄π [kg/m3] ππ€β⁄3 4ππ 3 ⁄3 Pyramid Sphere Specific Gravity (ππΊ) πobject ⁄πfluid π΄base β Polygonal Prism Pressure (π) πΉ ⁄π΄⊥ [Pa] *Archimedes Principle – objects submerged have an upward πΉπ΅ = weight of fluid displaced (πΉπ΅ = πππ) 5 (β − 32) 9 β = K − 273 β= Boyle’s π1 π1 = π2 π2 9 β = β + 32 5 9 β = (K − 273) + 32 5 5 K = (β − 32) + 273 9 K = β + 273 Gas Laws (π = 0.0821 atm β L⁄mol β K) π1 π2 π1 π2 = = Charles’s Gay-Lussac’s π1 π2 π1 π2 Ideal ππ = ππ π Ecclesiastes 2:15 - Then I said to myself, “The fate of the fool will overtake me also. What then do I gain by being wise?” I said to myself, “This too is meaningless.”
