1. Density=Mass/volume or p=m/v
2. Average speed=total distance/total time
3. speed=distance/time or v=s/t
4. acceleration=change in velocity/time taken
or a = Δv/Δt
5. weight= mass * acceleration of free fall or
w=mg
6. Gravitational field strength=weight/mass or
g=w/m
7. force=mass * acceleration or f=ma
8. momentum=mass * velocity or p=mv
9. impulse=force * time for which the force acts
or f△t=△(mv)
10. resultant force=change in momentum/unit
time or f=∆p/∆t
11. Moment of a force= force * perpendicular
distance from the pivot
12. Spring constant=force/unit extension or
k=f/x
13. pressure=force/area or p=f/a
14. Change in pressure=density * acceleration
due to gravity * depth or △p=pg△h
15. Efficiency=useful energy output/total
energy input
16. Percentage efficiency=useful energy
output/total energy input * 100%
17. Change in gpe=weight*change in height or
△Ep=mg△h
18. Kinetic energy =0.5 * mass * speed squared
or K.E. = 1/2 m v2
19. Work done=energy transferred or force *
distance or w=fd=△E
20. Power=work done/time taken or energy
transferred/time taken or p=w/t or △E/t
21. Average orbital speed =2 * π * orbital
radius/orbital period or v=2πr/t