ACTCOMM
understandable for receiver. Otherwise receiver
Business Communication for BSA
BSA ( 1st Year, Term 1)
can’t receive the exact message and it will affect
the effective communication between sender and
receiver
4. Receiver : The destination of the message
Chapter 1: Accounting: The Language of Business
from sender
Note : Based on the decoded message the receiver
gives their feed back to sender. If the message
Communication Cycle by Shannon and Weaver
distracted by noise it will affect the communication
flow between sender and receiver
The Model - deals with various concepts like
Noise: The messages are transferred from encoder
information source, transmitter, noise, channel,
to decoder through the channel. During this
message, receiver, channel, information
process the messages may distracted or affected
destination, encode and decode.
by physical noise like horn sounds, thunder and
crowd noise or encoded signals may distract in the
channel during the transmission process which
affect the communication flow or the receiver may
not receive the correct message
Note : The model clearly deals with external
noises only which affect the messages or signals
from external sources. For example: If there is any
problems occur in network which directly affect the
mobile phone communication or distract the
The Elements of the Model
1. Sender - The originator of message or the
information source selects desire messaged
messages
Practical Example of Shannon-Weaver model of
communication :
2. Encoder - The transmitter which converts
the message into signals
Thomson made call to his assistant “come here I
Note: The sender’s messages are converted into
want to see you”. During his call, noise appeared
signals like waves or Binary data which is
(transmission error) and his assistant received “I
compatible to transmit the messages through
want” only. Again Assistant asked Thomson
cables or satellites. For example: In telephone the
(feedback) “what do you want Thomson”.
voice is converted into wave signals and it
Sender
: Thomson
transmits through cables
Encoder
: Telephone (Thomson)
Channel
: Cable
which converts signals into message. A
Noise
: Distraction in voice
reverse process of encode
Reception : Telephone (Assistant)
3. Decoder : The reception place of the signal
Note : The receiver converts those binary data or
Receiver
: Assistant.
waves into message which is comfortable and
Due to transmission error or noise, Assistant can’t
able to understand Thomson’s messages.
*The noise which affect the communication flow
They can all be written in a simple way. Use words
between them.
that your reader can understand.
Do not use highfalutin words and jargons readers
8 C’s of Communication
may not understand.
1. Clarity
2. Completeness
How can we remedy the given examples?
3. Conciseness
WRONG:
4. Concreteness
The machine has a tendency to develop
5. Consideration
excessive and unpleasant audio symptoms
6. Correctness
when operating at elevated temperature.
7. Courteous
CORRECT:
8. Coherent
The machine tends to get noisy when it is
hot.
1. Clarity - pertains to your ability to convey
meaning in an understandable manner.
-
●
●
WRONG:
Whatever objective you have in
The conclusion ascertained from a perusal
mind, our letter should be able to
of pertinent data is that a lucrative market
fulfill it from the reader’s end.
exists for the product.
What is your purpose in communicating
CORRECT:
with this person?
The result of the study shows that the
Your letter should accomplish its intended
product is in good demand.
purpose.
Clarity - whenever you have to write something,
Example:
assert the following:
The machine has a tendency to develop
1. Who is the audience you’re writing for?
excessive and unpleasant audio symptoms
2. What is the purpose of the letter?
when operating at elevated temperature.
3. What is the most effective way for you to
What’s wrong with it?
-
convey the message?
Quite wordy and there is a way to express
it in a simpler manner.
EXAMPLE 1: Do not be wordy.
-
Example:
It takes away the main idea from the
message.
The conclusion ascertained from a perusal
of pertinent data is that a lucrative market
EXAMPLE
exists for the product.
terminologies
What’s wrong with it?
-
2:
Do
or
not
are
conversation.
not
understandable by your audience.
used
in
everyday
Types of Errors
1. Wrong-word errors
2. Punctuation errors
3. Usage errors
complicated
jargons that may not be
Obviously, it’s too complicated and the
words
use
1. WRONG WORD ERRORS
●
- Types of Wrong Word Errors:
●
(possession)
Spelling and Typographic Mistakes -
- It's / Its / Its’:
don’t just rely on spellcheck!
●
●
Wrong Meaning - Use a dictionary.
It’s
a
beautiful
day!
(contraction of “it is”)
-
Be careful using the thesaurus.
-
Watch out for words with the
along with its readme
wrong shade of meaning or the
file. (possessive)
●
wrong meaning altogether.
●
Whose watch is this?
●
Commonly Confused Words - spell
-
check won’t catch these!
-
●
●
outage
shouldn't
have any effect on users.
weekly
(noun – result)
meeting.
●
Place the flowers there.
–
To / Too / Two:
○
indicates
○
(contraction
○
of
hair
amount)
looks
nice
○
first
I
have
two
buttons
missing. (number)
Who's / Whose:
on
My jacket is too small.
(adv. – to an excessive
today. (possessive)
Who's
She decided to go along
too. (adv. – also)
You're going to be a great
Your
I am going to the store.
(preposition)
“you are”)
●
The
The managers are in their
writer!
-
during
on, influence)
You're / Your:
●
anyone
together. (contraction of
location/direction)
●
shouldn't
work hours. (verb – to act
(adv.
-
outage
They’re going to store
(possessive)
●
The
affect
“they are”)
●
Its’ is not a word.
Affect / Effect:
They're / Their / There:
●
Download the program,
base?
(contraction of “who is”)
A lot / Alot / Allot:
●
The
workers
are
worrying a lot about their
jobs. (adv. – to a great
●
degree/extent)
Use
commas
to
set
apart
a
parenthetical phrase in a sentence.
●
Alot is not a word.
-
●
We were each allotted
twenty tickets. (verb – to
assign/distribute)
My friend Jessica, who lives in
Connecticut, is a yoga teacher.
- Semicolons:
●
Use a semicolon between two related
independent clauses that are not joined
2. PUNCTUATION ERRORS
by a conjunction.
- Commas:
●
Use a comma and a coordinating
study were paid; those in the
conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor, so,
second were unpaid.
yet) to join two independent clauses.
-
-
●
Use a semicolon to separate elements
The game was over, but the
in
crowd refused to leave.
commas.
Yesterday was her birthday, so
a
-
they went out to dinner.
●
series
that
already
contains
The students in the class were
from
Lynchburg,
Virginia;
Use commas after introductory clauses,
Washington, D.C.; and Raleigh,
phrases, or words that come before the
North Carolina.
main clause.
-
-
-
●
The participants in the first
●
Use
a
semicolon
to
join
two
While I was eating, the cat
independent clauses when the second
scratched at the door.
clause begins with a conjunctive adverb
To get a seat, you'd better come
(however,
early.
furthermore,
Well, perhaps he meant no
nonetheless, otherwise) or a transition
harm.
(in fact, for example, that is, for
therefore,
thus,
moreover,
meanwhile,
Use commas to separate three or more
instance, in addition, in other words, on
words, phrases, or clauses written in a
the other hand).
series.
-
-
I really have no interest in
The Constitution establishes the
politics; however, I do like to
legislative,
stay informed by watching the
executive,
and
judicial branches of government.
debates.
- Colons:
●
Use a colon to introduce a list preceded
by an independent clause.
-
The
darker than his early novels.
●
application includes the
following
pieces:
information,
job
personal
history,
Dickens’s later works are much
Do NOT use an apostrophe to form a
plural.
●
and
Remember that “it’s” = “it is,” but “its” is
possessive.
references.
●
Use a colon to separate an independent
clause and a final phrase or clause that
- Quotation Marks:
●
If the sentence ends with the quotation
illustrates, extends, or amplifies the
(and
preceding thought.
citation),
-
They
have
agreed
on
the
better
than
-
●
final
mark
INSIDE
the
quotation
of
“That dog is as big as a horse.”
AFTER your quotation but BEFORE your
parts of Main, Fifth, and West
final quotation mark:
-
●
an
apostrophe
“I wish this workshop were
over,” John said.
to
create
a
If the quotation ends in an exclamation
point
or
question
mark,
omit the
comma:
in your academic writing!).
-
I don’t like him very much.
“I hate going to the dentist!”
John bellowed.
Use an apostrophe to form a possessive
noun.
-
your
hindered travel around town:
contraction (but don’t use contractions
●
put
quotation, you’ll usually need a comma
- Apostrophes:
-
parenthetical
If the sentence continues after the
construction.
Use
no
Road construction in Dallas has
Street are closed during the
●
is
marks:
do
uninformed participants.
there
punctuation
outcome: informed participants
perform
if
●
If your sentence ends with a footnote,
put the superscript number AFTER your
My mother’s job is better than
all
my
together.
brothers’
jobs
put
final mark of punctuation:
-
According to Car and Driver, the
Denali is “among the most agile
of
full-sized
sport
utility
-
vehicles.”15
●
If
the
contest by playing a variety of
sentence
parenthetical
One of my friends who won a
ends
citation,
with
omit
a
instruments.
the
-
Since I went fishing.
punctuation at the end of the quotation
(unless it is a ? or a !):
-
- Run-on Sentences:
According to Car and Driver, the
●
A
run-on
sentence
is a sentence
Denali is “among the most agile
comprised of two or more independent
of
clauses not properly separated.
full-sized
sport
utility
vehicles” (Csere 20).
-
Lack
of
punctuation
and/or
conjunctions
3. USAGE ERRORS
-
- Fragments:
●
●
splice—two
independent
clauses joined by a comma—is a run-on
components:
sentence.
A subject (the actor in the
●
sentence)
-
A predicate (the verb or action)
-
A complete thought (it can stand
-
-
Long sentences can be grammatically
correct.
During the 1960s, development
thinking,
encompassing
both
It cannot stand alone and does
ideology and strategy, prioritized
not express a complete thought.
economic
Some fragments lack either a
application of modern scientific
subject or verb or both.
and technical knowledge as the
Dependent
clauses
are
also
fragments if they stand alone.
Fragment Examples:
-
●
-
A fragment is an incomplete sentence.
-
A run-on sentence is not simply a long
sentence.
alone and make sense).
●
comma
A complete sentence must have three
-
●
A
Incorrect punctuation
Went
out
route
to
growth
prosperity
underdeveloped
and
in
world
the
the
and
defined the "global development
of business after
Starbucks Coffee opened.
problem" as one in which less
developed nations needed to
"catch up" with the West and
enter
the
modern
capitalism
age
and
of
server’s flexibility and growth
liberal
potential.
democracy, in short, to engage
-
in a form of modernization that
was
equated
westernization
the TV was turned on.
with
(and
Having finished the assignment,
-
an
(Look up the correct sentences
online)
associated faith in the rationality
of science and technology). (86
words)
●
- Verb Tense:
●
Run-on Examples:
-
My
favorite
Verb
Mediterranean
-
-
It is nearly half-past five, we
cannot reach town before dark.
●
Reviews of literature should be
Historical events should be in
Correcting tense shifts:
- Dangling Participles:
Be consistent throughout your
sentences and paragraphs.
A dangling participle is a word or
-
phrase that modifies a word not clearly
stated or an unintended noun in the
sentence.
●
Be familiar with verb forms and
tenses.
●
Tense Shift Examples:
-
Correcting dangling participles:
About noon the sky darkened, a
breeze sprang up, and a low
-
Reword the sentence.
rumble
-
Provide the missing information.
approaching storm.
Dangling Participle Examples:
-
-
We
announces
viewed
A
the
Caribbean
After rotting in the cellar, my
Mystery and watch intently as
brother
Joan Hickson portrays Agatha
brought
up
some
oranges.
-
consistent
the past tense.
-
●
be
in the present tense.
garlicky.
●
should
throughout your writing.
spread is hummus it is very
-
tenses
Featuring plug-in circuit boards,
we can strongly endorse this
Christie’s Miss Marple.
-
I climbed out of the car, walked
through the door, and prepared
to
meet
“the
parents,”
but
instead a large, honey-colored
-
dog runs to meet me at the door.
- Pronoun/Antecedent Agreement:
●
additional modifiers.
●
Pronouns are words that take the place
S/V Error Examples:
-
of nouns.
●
Antecedents are the words that the
Pronouns
The box of ornaments belong in
the attic.
-
pronouns refer to.
●
Focus on the subject, not any
must
High levels of mercury occurs in
some fish.
agree
with
their
-
antecedents in number, gender, and
What we need are more pots
and pans.
person.
-
Number = singular or plural
PREVENTING ERRORS
-
Gender = masculine, feminine, or
- Editing Yourself:
●
neuter
●
Learn the rules.
Person = 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person
●
Plan ahead—leave yourself enough
P/A Agreement Error Examples:
-
-
time to edit.
Everyone should make their own
●
Know your writing weaknesses.
decisions.
●
Read aloud or in reverse.
Each speaker maintained their
●
Don’t be afraid to delete!
poise.
- Subject/Verb Agreement:
●
Singular subjects must have singular
verbs.
●
Plural subjects must have plural verbs.
●
Rule of thumb:
●
-
Subjects ending in “s” are plural
-
Verbs ending in “s” are singular
Correcting agreement errors:
-
Become familiar with irregular
verb forms.
Common Types of Letters
Importance of Business Letters
1. They represent your company’s public
image and your competence. = reflects
professionality/template
2. They are far more formal - in tone and
structure - than other types of business
communication.
3. They constitute an official legal record of an
agreement.
4. Unlike e-mails, they are routed before they
are sent out.
5. They are more permanent than e-mails. =
printed
6. They are the official and expected medium
through which important documents and
attachments are sent to readers.
7. They are still the standard medium through
which to conduct business with many
international audiences.
8. A hard-copy letter is confidential.
Paragraph Division
1. Introduction - why, refer to previous (bg
and basics)
2. DetaiLS - give instructions, ask info, provide
all details
3. Response - action for recipient to take,
action u will take, a conclusion
4. Close - simple relevant closing sentence
Five Common Types of Business Letters
Letter Formats
1. Full Black Format - flushed to the left
margin, spaces between paragraphs, only
when the letter is on letterhead stationery
2. Modified Format - writer’s address, date,
1. Inquiry
2. Cover
3. Special Request
4. Sales
5. Customer Relations
complimentary close, signature - right side.
All are aligned, paragraphs may or may not
be indented.
1. Inquiry - ask for info about product, service
or procedure
Parts of a Letter
Effective:
1. Heading
1. state exactly what info the writer wants
2. Date lINE
2. indicate why the writer must have the
3. Inside Address - to whom the letter is
being written
4. Salutation - never use a comma after in a
formal letter, use a colon
5. Body
information
3. keeps questions shorts and to the point
4. specifies when the writer must have the
information - state time not asap
5. thanks the reader
6. Complementary close - sincerely or yours
truly
7. Signature - allow four spaces for ur
handwritten signature, type ur name and
title below the handwritten signature
8. Enclosure(s) line - indicate any enclosures
sent with the letter. You may simply write
“Enclosures” or be more specific
9. Copy notation - cc (carbon copy) , pc
(photocopy) indicate who else received a
copy of the letter
2. Cover - accompany proposal, report, catalogue,
portfolio
Effective:
1. provides a written record that u have
transmitted a document
2. tells readers why u r sending them d
document
3. briefly summarizes what the document
3. It shows the customer the product’s
contains
APPLICATION by supplying the right
4. explains why the document is of interest to
readers
evidence and mentioning costs.
4. It ends with a specific request for ACTION
5. expresses a willingness to answer
by telling readers exactly what u need
questions
6. thanks readers for their time
them to do.
5. Customer Relations - maintain working
relationships with customers. Type of customer
3. Special Request - make a special demand, not a
routine inquiry
Remember:
1. Make sure u address the letter to the
appropriate person
2. State who u are and y u r writing
3. indicate clearly ur reason for requesting the
info
4. State precisely and succintly the questions
u want answered
relations include follow-up letters, adjustment
letters, complaint letters, refusal-of-credit letters
and collection letters.
* In a CR letter, the news may be good or bad,
which requires different writing tactics.
●
For good news, use a direct approach. start
with the good news.
●
For bad news, use an indirect approach. Do
not open the letter with bad news, in order
to keep the tension level down.
5. Specify exactly when u need the info
6. Offer to forward a copy of ur report, paper
A.) Follow-Up Letters - to thank the customers for
or survey (4 which u need the information)
buying a product and to encourage the customer to
7. Thank the reader for helping
buy more products and services
EFFECTIVE:
4. Sales Letters - written to persuade readers to
buy a product, try a service, support some cause or
participate in some activity.
An Effective has FOUR As
1. Begins with a brief and sincere expression
of gratitude
2. Discusses the benefit already known by the
customer
3. Ends with a specific request for future
business
1. It get’s the readers ATTENTION by asking a
question, using a how to statement,
complimenting the reader, offering a gift,
introducing a comparison or announcing a
change.
2. It highlights the product’s or service’s
APPEAL by making it appear attarctive,
necessary or profitable
B.) Complaint Letters - may be sent by a customer
to a business or from one business to another.
Avoid angry complaint letters, which rarely get
positive results. An effective complaint letter
should maintain a professional tone:
1. Send ur letter to the right person
2. be concise
3. begin w/ a detailed description of the
product/service
4. state exactly waht is wrong with the
product/service
5. briefly describe the inconvenience u have
experiences
D.) Collection Letters - sent out to individuals for
nonpayment of bills. These letters require equire
the same tact and fairness as complaint and
adjustment letters.
Each case should be handled individually. A nasty
6. indicate precisely what u want done
letter sent to a customer with a good payment
7. ask for prompt handling of ur claim
history will be ineffective, as will three easygoing
letters to a customer with a poor payment history
C.) Adjustment Letters - respond to complaint
letters and should restore customer confidence,
wether the answer to what the customer wants
Letter Writing for Accountants
Types of A. Letters
A. engagement
done about the problem is yes or no
1. Audit
An adjustment letter saying YES should:
2. review
1. Admit immediately that the customer’s
3.
compliant is justified and apologize
2. State precisely what u are going to do to
correct the problem
3. Tell customers what exactly happened
B. Management Advisory letters - usually found
at the end of an audit. Contains suggestions on
how a client can improve business.
4. End on a friend - and positive - note.
An adjustment letter saying NO - more difficult
1. Internal Control
because it invovles giving bad news while at the
2. Accounting and information system
same time convicing the reader that ur position is
3. inventory control
fair, logical and cosistent.
4. credit policies
SHOULD:
5. budgeting
1. thank the cusotmers for writing
2. state the problem carefully to reassure
costumers that uunderstand their complaint
6. tax matters
7. management of resources
8. operating procedures
3. explain what happened with the product or
service before u give the customer a
C.) Tax Research Letters - would tell us the result
decision
of reasrch on certain tax questions.
4. give ur decision without hedging (we hedge
because we allow that there might happen,
so dapat wala so no false hope)
5. leave the door open for better and
continued businesss
Outline:
1. facts on which the research was based.
2. caution that the advice is valid only for the
facts previously outlined
3. tax question implicit in these facts.
•Caleb wandered off.
4. conclusion, with support for the conclusion
•Mercy offered us a ticket.
D.) Standardized Leeters - ready-made letters for
A word such as that, what or since signals the
beginning of a subordinate clause.
•that I wanted
situations that occcur often
Benefit:
a. Time Savers
•what she saw
b. Conveys the message precisely and reliable
CAUTION:
Subordinate Clause
•since most plants die without water
Be able to judge when to use
standardized letters vs. personalized ones
The meaning of a subordinate clause is only
complete after the clause is attached to an
independent
•after Kedon ate dinner
a. errors in business letter
•because Mary saved the drowning girl
b. the parts of speech
d. the phrase, the clause, and the sentence.
Independent
(main)
clause
Has a
subject
and a verb
YES
Forms a
complete
thought
YES
Can stand
alone
YES
Subordinate
(dependent
)
clause
Phrase
YES
NO
•when Amy gave a party
•that we thought was right
•before Sam left the room
•whom Mrs. Brooks knew
Phrases
•after the party
•because of the rain
NO
NO
•in the car at the mall
•starting with the rules
NO
Independent Clauses
•Halle ate a late dinner.
•Kevin went to the movies.
•Travis and Eric gave donations to help others.
•Savannah collected money.
NO
•between classes
•near the park entrance
Subordinate Conjunctions
•Subordinate
clauses.
conjunctions
form
subordinate
•Subordinating conjunctions are ADVERBS used
as conjunctions to join subordinate and
independent clauses.
•Subordinate conjunctions can be found at the
beginning, middle or end of a sentence.
•Subordinate conjunctions answer:
•Who?
•to the park in the city (phrase)
•after the winning run was hit (clause-sub)
•What?
•When?
•when we gave the children their gifts (clause-sub)
•Where?
•before the early show (phrase)
•Why?
•from the grocery store to the mall (phrase)
•Under what condition?
•between the two cities on the map (phrase)
after
if, even if
when,
whenever
although,
in order that
though
where,
•whenever we feel like having chili (clause-sub)
•since we can not go to the ballgame (clause-sub)
•After the movie, we enjoyed a delicious dinner.
wherever
•We all enjoyed spaghetti that was quite tasty.
as
since
whether
•After eating dessert, we all pitched in to pay the
check.
because
that, so that
which,
•We were a little short on money which made us
very nervous.
whichever
before
unless
while
•Our friend Michael, who is very wealthy, offered
to pay the difference.
•Before leaving, we all thanked him.
even though
until
who
•After the movie, we enjoyed a delicious dinner.
•Phrase
how
what,
whose
•We all enjoyed spaghetti that was quite tasty.
•Clause
whatever
•when she left the movies
•SHE is the SUBJECT.
•LEFT is the VERB.
•WHEN is the subordinating conjunction.
•although we ate dinner
•WE is the SUBJECT.
•ATE is the VERB.
•ALTHOUGH is the subordinating conjunction.
•because they did a good job
•THEY is the SUBJECT.
•DID is the VERB.
•BECAUSE is the subordinating conjunction.
•After eating dessert, we all pitched in to pay the
check.
•Phrase
•We were a little short on money which made us
very nervous.
•Clause
•Our friend Michael, who is very wealthy, offered
to pay the difference.
•Clause
•Before leaving, we all thanked him.
•Phrase
​
Use of repetition
Use of synonyms
Parallel Structure
Consistency in Business Writing
●
refers to the orderly presentation of a set of
linked/associated elements in the text
●
Inconsistency
is
the
disorderly
representation of a set of associated
elements
What happens when we are inconsistent with our
writing?
Inconsistency risks distracting your reader.
●
Inconsistency
interrupts
the
reader’s
cognitive process when they see something
unexpected.
●
If
you
used
one
punctuation
approach, or formatting style or
spelling early in your piece, but
subsequently
use
a
completely
different one (even if valid), the
reader’s brain will pick this up,
unconciously or consciously.
●
The brain asks: is this change
deliberate? Is there some meaning
behind this differential use? Or is it
accidental
How to Achieve Consistency in Business Writing?
Coherence - way in which ideas in a text are linked
logically.
Linking devices
1. Consistent with Grammar
●
writing
Cohesion - the way in which different parts of a
text refer to each other which is achieved with the
use of:
Pronouns
Always follow the rules of parallel
when
making
a
list,
horizontal or bulleted;
●
or in the use of active or passive
voice,
●
and in the use of verb tenses
Consistency of Tense - using the same verb
using commans after greeting and
whenever possible throughout a sentece or an
leave-taking in an email and not in
entire paragraph.
another;
●
E vs AE or OE (US vs UK,
archeology vs archaeology)
●
●
Some
nounts
English
spelled
-ENSE
●
Dear Mr Abraham
●
12 March 2010
Wether you use single or double
em dash.
that
●
end with -ENCE are
British
of
inverted commans, and an en or an
ENSE vs ENCE
●
(omitting
marks)
Spelling (US vs UK, -ise vs
-ize)
●
open
characters and punctuation
British vs American English
●
of
punctuation
1. Consistent with Spelling and Vocabulary
●
Examples
Example of em dash in place
of commas:
are
●
in
And yet, when the
car
American English.
was
delivered
finally
-
nearly
three months after it
was ordered - she
decided
1. Consistent with Capitalization
●
●
●
it,
longer
wanted
across
leaving
the
helps keeping the document look
with
an
organized.
equipped
Do not vary how you capitalize
would be difficult to
titles, be they for documents or
sell.
your
business
document
●
dealer
oddly
car
that
An en dash is a mid-sized dash
also check if you have capitalized
(longer than hyphen but shorter
the title in one document and
than em dash) that is mostly used to
underlined or italicised it in another
show ranges in numbers and dates.
Decide when and how you capitalise
titles for people, is it just when used
●
Example
●
Our
part-time
as titles or both for titles and
employees
descriptions. Here, companies may
20-30
have their own preferences.
week.
●
By
1. Consistent with Punctuation
Avoid using open punctuation in one
document and closed in another; i.e.
work
hours
per
Monday,
you
should
●
no
Consistent capitalization structure
people;
●
she
have
pages 79-113.
read
1. Consistent
with
Abbreviations
and
-
Acronyms
●
We
hope you will review the
situation/issue.
For example, how they are defined
the first time, whether you use a full
stop after an abbreviation like Mr. or
not, and wether you spelll out or
2. We are amazed at your inability to assess
the market trends.
-
shorten word like Professor to Prof.
We request you to reassess the
market trends.
3. You failed to pay your dues.
-
6. Consistent with Format
●
We
have
not
received
the
subscription.
-
Be consistent with:
You
may
have
overlooked
a
payment..
●
spacing,
●
types and sizes of fonts
●
paragraphing
●
and margins
Ways of Achieving Courtesy
1. Apologize - sincerely
2. Thank - profusely
3. Empathise - with the listener
Reference: APA
4. Avoid - using annoying expressions like
“you failed”, “you are irresponsible”
Courtesy in Business Letters
5. Reply - promptly
What is your thought on this?
-
It is critical that the content of your formal
business correspondence reflects the same
level of politeness and thoughtful attention
to detail that would be shown if your
exchange were taking place in person.
Important points
-
A business letter should have tact, sincerity
and politeness.
-
It is not the mechanical use of “Thank you”,
“Please”, etc., that show courtesy
-
It should reflect an inner feeling tactfully
without embarrassing the recipient.
-
Do
not
hesitate
to
compliment
congratulate the receiver if he deserves it.
Better way to say:
1. Your attitude is inexcusable.
or