青春期
Here we will talk about:
• What is puberty?
• When changes happen to boys?
• What are the sex organs?
• What are erections and why do they happen?
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What’s Happening?
What is Puberty 青春期?
• It is the time when our bodies change toward an
adult body.
– Or start to make
– Start to develop new
egg cells
feelings and interests
– Start to make sperm
cells
What is Puberty 青春期?
• The cells necessary to make a new human
egg + sperm 精子 = baby
We will talk about the changes that
happen that others can see
And changes that are private
When we talk about these things
IT IS NORMAL to feel
Curious
Shy
Disgust
Embarrassed
Comfortable
Excited
When do changes happen?
– anywhere between 8 and 17
– most people begin between the ages of 10
and 14
– when you start makes no difference to how
you develop
– no age is better any other one
When do changes happen?
• For some, most of the changes happen in a
few years
• For some, changes happen slowly over lots of
years
THIS IS NORMAL
1. What changes happen to boys?
• Grow taller and heavier
• Bones grow bigger and heavier
• Nose and jaw 颚 get bigger and face gets
longer
• Get more muscles
• Hair and skin can become oily and you
may get pimples 丘疹
• Body sweats more
• Hair grows on the face, under the
armpits 腋窝, around the genitals生殖器
(pubic hair阴毛)
What changes happen to boys?
• May get more hair on arms, legs
and chest.
• Voice gets deeper
• Penis and testicles睾丸grow
• Scrotum阴囊 changes
• May have mood swings 情绪波动,
sexual thoughts and feelings
• Breasts乳腺may grow
What causes these changes?
• Hormones – chemical messengers that travel in
the blood stream from the place where they are
made (called glands 腺体) to the place where
they do their work
• Each hormone has a specific job
• The pituitary gland 垂体, deep inside your brain,
gets things started. It sends out hormones to
our sex organs to get them to start making sex
hormones
What causes these changes?
• It is the sex hormones that make the changes that cause
children’s bodies grow into adult bodies.
• Both boys and girls make the same sex hormones. The
main ones are testosterone 睾酮 and estrogen雌 激素
• Boys make lots of testosterone, not so much estrogen
• Girls make lots of estrogen, not so much testosterone
What causes these changes?
What will I look like when I grow up?
• That depends mostly on your HEREDITY, the GENES
you got when an egg cell and a sperm cell from your
birth parents came together to make the cells that
developed into you
What will I look like when I grow up?
• Genes mostly determine how tall you will grow, the
colour of your hair, the size and shape of your penis or
breasts and your overall body shape.
• Other things that affect our body are the foods we eat,
how active we are and how much sleep we get.
What are the sex organs?
These parts are also called the reproductive
organs生殖器官and genitals 和生殖器
The parts are:
Urethra尿道
Penis
Testicles or Testes
Scrotum 阴 囊
What are the sex organs?
Urethra the tube through which urine and
semen leaves the boy’s body
Penis tube -like organ that hangs outside the
body
- come in all sizes and shapes, determined by
our genes
Testicles or testes usually two, one hangs lower
- Sometimes called balls or nuts
- Where sperm are made
Scrotum bag of skin that holds testicles
- keeps them at right temperature to make
sperm, slightly cooler than body’s temperature
- gets bigger & baggier & turns a darker colour
What happens on the inside?
• Hormones from the pituitary make the testicles grow and
they start making more testosterone and producing sperm
• After puberty you make 200,000 - 400,000 sperm cells a
day for the rest of your life
• Sperm build up in tubes around the testicles
– They travel along some tubes and mix with fluids from glands
What happens on the inside?
• Sperm + fluids = semen
• 精子 + 体液 = 精液
How does the semen come out?
•If semen is going to come out,
the penis is likely to be erect
• A penis gets erect直立 when
blood rushes into it
• Muscles push the semen into
the urethra尿道 & out the
penis
• This is called an ejaculation.
What can cause an erection?
• Boys get erections for all kinds of reasons – they
might happen if you :
– Are thinking about something sexy
– When you wake in the morning and have to
pee
– When you are relaxed
– When you are anxious or frightened
– For no reason at all
What can cause an erection?
• Boys get their first
erections before they
are born!
When does ejaculation happen?
• If a boy wakes up and finds a wet, sticky spot on his
bedclothes semen came out when he was sleeping.
This is called a “wet-dream”
• If a boy touches or rubs his penis and it gets erect
and semen comes out. This is called masturbation.
• Some boys have wet dreams, some don’t
• Some boys masturbate手淫, some don’t
• However it happens is okay
Does penis size matter?
• Testicles grow first so your penis may look as if
it is shrinking.
• It isn’t
• It can take a while for your penis to grow.
• Penises, like noses and ears and hands, come
in all sizes and shapes and colours. They vary
how they curve and stick out when erect.
• Penises, when erect, are more alike in size
than when they are soft.
• They all work.
So what are normal feelings?
• Some guys think about girls and kissing and
touching
• Some guys think about other guys and kissing
and touching
• Some guys don’t think about any of this stuff
• Some have crushes and fall in love
• Some don’t
• Some get angry at parents
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