Experiment 1
BASIC LABORATORY
OPERATIONS
The proper ways of manipulating/utilizing the apparatus in the laboratory.
A number of techniques will be used repeatedly as you proceeding with the experiment
HANDLING LIQUID
1. transferring into a narrow-mouthed container (such as
test tube, graduated cylinder, flasks, pipets).
2. transferring into a wide-mouthed container
3. Transferring into a narrow mouthed container
4. Weighing of materials
Cork and beaker can support
the flask only
Mass of solid or liquid = weight of flask with the material- weight of flask empty
5. Heating glass equipment's over Bunsen burner
Blue With sufficient oxygen nonluminous
Red With insufficient oxygen incandescence
Centrifugation
technique used for the separation of particles from a solution according to their size,
shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.
Which factors have an influence on centrifugation :
Density of both samples and solution
Temperature/viscosity
Distance of particles displacement
Rotation speed
Filtration
the process of separating suspended solid matter from a liquid, by causing the latter to pass
through the pores of a membrane, called a filter.
Drying
Hot air oven
Laboratory drying rack
Desiccator
Titration
study of an acid-base reaction
One solution of known concentration (either the acid or base) is used to determine
the concentration of the other solution through a carefully monitored reaction.
HA (aq) + MOH (aq) → MA (aq) + H2O (l)
How to Interpret Titration Curves