I. Intended Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
a. explain cohesive devices based on their functions;
b. realize the importance of cohesive devices in journalism through news article writing; and
c. write news articles using cohesive devices and do a broadcast it in front of the class.
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic:
Cohesive Devices
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B. References:
EnglishPost.org. (2023, January 22). Retrieved April 19, 2023, from
cohesive-devices/
https://englishpost.org/types-
Chi, C. (2023, May 25). Makabayan: “Red flag” provisions back in Senate bill on Maharlika
Investment
Fund.
Philstar.com.
https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/05/25/2268962/makabayan-red-flag-provisions-backsenate-bill-maharlika-investment-fund
Yu, L. S. (2023, March 22). Maharlika fund bill reaches Senate floor. How has it changed? RAPPLER.
https://www.rappler.com/business/maharlika-fund-bill-reaches-senate-floor-how-has-it-changed/
C. Materials:
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PowerPoint Presentation
Visual Aids
Coloring Materials
Pen and Paper
III. Learning Procedure
Teacher’s Activity
Students’ Activity
A. Daily Routine
Prayer
Class, please all bow down for the prayer. Louella,
kindly lead us in prayer.
(Students will start praying)
Greetings
Good afternoon, my future Journalists!
Good afternoon, Sir Lance!
How are we today?
We are doing great, Sir.
Awesome!
Classroom Management
Before we proceed, I want you to pick all the
trashes under you chairs and sit properly.
(Students will pic trashes under their chairs and
will sir properly.)
Checking of Attendance
For your attendance, Ms. Secretary kindly check
the attendance and give it to me later.
Noted, Sir.
Checking of Assignment
Did I give you any assignment last week class?
Yes, Sir.
Okay, pass your assignments in the front.
(Students will pass their assignment.)
Recall
Before we proceed to our new topic, let us first
have a review about what we had last week. Can
somebody remind me what we had last week.
Sir, last week we discuss about different kinds of
leads.
Mark, can you please give me the different kind of
lead.
Sir, we have Grammatical/Summary Lead,
Novelty Lead, and Punch Lead.
Very good, Mark!
B. Motivation
My journalists before we start our lesson today, I
will give you a chance to be a reporter or news
anchor today. I need two volunteers here in front,
your task is you will do a news reporting. So class
your two classmates will do a reporting and you are
going to tell me what are the things that you infer
based on the news reporting that your classmates
will do.
Are my instructions clear?
Yes, Sir.
Okay, my journalist here is your news article that
you have to report.
Senate minority leader Koko Pimintel
criticizes the plan of the senate leadership to have
the secretariat settle the inconsistent part of the
Maharlika Fund bill specifically the prescription
period in filing criminal offenses to those MIC
official who will violate the law. Pimintel said that
the senate secretariat cannot do it because it will
go against the senate rules. He said that for a bill
to be ratified and approved by the senate, First, a
bill must be filled by a member of the senate.
Second, the bill must undergo into three readings,
and finally, be adopted and approved after 3rd
reading. However, senator Mark Villar, the author
and sponsor of the measure said that the
secretariat could do it because the bill was subject
to style when it was approved.
Former senate presidents Tito Sotto and
Franklin Drillon also expressed their worries as to
the plans of the concurrent senate leadership and
said that if this happens, the move is not
parliamentary and the bill might face a judicial
review and might be challenge in the Supreme
Court.
Thank you! You really have bright future ahead of
you.
Let us now have our next news reporter.
Senate minority leader Koko Pimintel criticizes
the plan of the senate leadership to have the
secretariat settle the inconsistent part of the
Maharlika Fund bill specifically the prescription
period in filing criminal offenses to those MIC
official who will violate the law. Pimintel said that
the senate secretariat cannot do it because it will
go against the senate rules. He said that for a bill
to be ratified and approved by the senate, a bill
must be filled by a member of the senate. The bill
must undergo into three readings, and be adopted
and approved after 3rd reading. Senator Mark Villar,
the author and sponsor of the measure said that
the secretariat could do it because the bill was
subject to style when it was approved.
Former senate presidents Tito Sotto and
Franklin Drillon expressed their worries as to the
plans of the concurrent senate leadership and said
that if this happens, the move is not parliamentary
the bill might face a judicial review and might be
Very Good! I am so proud of you. I can see that the challenge in the Supreme Court.
news industry will be good in your arms.
Now class, if you are going to compare the two
reports, what are your observations?
Sir, I noticed that the two reports have the same
Very good observation! How about you mark, what subject matter.
do you observe?
Sir, I noticed that although the two reports was
just the same, the first report was easy to
understand compared to the second one.
Very good observation Mark!
(Teacher will flash the reports on the screen)
So class based on this, why do you think is the first
report is more comprehensible than the second
one?
Sir, I think it is because the first report is arranged
chronologically, shows difference, and similarity. It
has a words that makes the first report more
comprehensive and cohesive.
Very good class! Now, what is that words called?
Sir, those words are called cohesive devices.
C. Lesson Proper
Very good class! So those words are Cohesive
Devices. Based on the analysis of the news report
that we did, what do you think cohesive devices
are?
Sir, I think cohesive devices are sometimes called
linking words, linkers, connectors, discourse
markers, or transitional words.
Very good! Class as a future journalist, what do you
think is your primary duty?
Cohesive Devices are words or phrases that show
the relationship between paragraphs or sections
of a text or speech.
Sir, I think as a journalist our first and most
important job is to inform and tell stories to the
general public.
Very good class! Your primary job as a journalist is
to tell stories and inform the general public. In
connection to this class, how do you think cohesive
devices help you in fulfilling this job or duties of
yours?
Sir, I think that cohesive devices would be a great
help to us future journalist because with cohesive
devices the context of our news reports and
articles would be more comprehensible and
understandable even by layman’s people.
That is really true, with cohesive devices class you
will become a more effective journalist because
with cohesive devices class you are helping your
viewers, listeners, and readers to easily
understand the context of your news reports and
articles. Also, with cohesive devices class they will
be enlighten with the different information that your
news report is telling and they will not be misled.
Class we have different types of cohesive devices
based on its use and function, so we will discuss
this types one by one so that you will be guided in
applying it to your news reports and articles.
So class like for instance, if you want to introduce
an items in a series what are the possible cohesive
devices that we could use?
Sir, I think the possible cohesive devices that we
could use if we want to introduce an item in a
series are: first, second, then, finally, etc.
Exactly class! Very good!
Class if you are example assigned in a news report
that include steps or you have to introduce items in
a series you may use this examples of cohesive
devices:
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First
Second
Third
Then
Finally
In addition
For further understanding class I have here a
sample news script that shows how cohesive
devices to introduce an items in a series is used.
Rojane can you please read, what is stipulated on
the screen.
Now that the new 19th congress opens, let us
understand the magnitude and gravity of their work
by knowing how legislation works. First, a bill must
be filed by a member of congress, either House of
Representatives or Senate. Second, the bill has to
be read thrice in both houses of congress. Third,
once approved by the both houses of congress and
there are disagreeing provisions, the both houses
of congress have to form a bicameral conference
committee to settle the disagreeing provisions,
once settled, the new version of the bill has to be
approved by the both houses of congress again.
Then, the approved bicameral version of the bill
will be transmitted to the office of the president.
Finally, for the bill to become a law the president
has to sign it within thirty days and if not signed nor
vetoed within thirty days, the bill will lapse into a
law.
Thank you, Rojane!
Now based on the what Rojane has read, what
importance could you see in using this kind of
cohesive devices.
Sir, with the use of these cohesive devices, we
were able to understand easily the process of law
making.
Very good class! Since we are using these signal
words that indicates the process law making, we
were able to understand easily which should come
first, next, and the end of law making.
Now class, if we did not use these cohesive device,
what do you think will happen?
Sir, I think we might be loss and we will not know
the correct process and order of law making.
Okay, very good!
So class that is how important cohesive devices
especially this type that introduces an items in a
series. Do you have any questions class?
None, Sir.
Okay let us proceed to the next type.
Class let us say you want to compare; what
cohesive device do you think we could use?
Sir, I think we can use the cohesive devices but,
however, and meanwile.
Very good! Those are correct. Class if you want to
compare two sentences, phrases, and clauses you
could use the following cohesive devices:
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But
However
In contrast
Nevertheless
Meanwhile
In comparison
For you class to understand the function of these
cohesive devices on news writing I have here
sample news. Nashlene can you please read what
Normally, bills must be read and deliberated on
is in the screen.
three separate days. Those that are certified urgent
can bypass this requirement, which would allow for
speedier passage but could also mean that
lawmakers will not have time to read and study
proposed measures.
In the sample news what is the cohesive device
that is used?
Sir, it is but.
Very good!
How did the cohesive device but help the news in
becoming more understandable.
Sir, the cohesive device but shows comparison
between two contrasting ideas.
Okay very good!
The cohesive device but show comparison
between the two premises or ideas that senate
minority leader Koko Pimentel has said. In the first
part he explained the usual process of law making
then in the second part he issued a contradicting
idea to his first statement.
Now class let us look at this another example. Ian
can you please read what is on the screen.
The rest of the 1,250,000,000 shares – worth
P125,000,000,000 – will be preferred shares to be
subscribed by the national government and
“reputable private financial institutions and
corporations.” However, no single private sector
shareholder will be allowed to own more than 5%
of the authorized capital stock.
In the second news class, what could you infer?
Sir, same as with the first news it shows
comparison between two clauses.
Okay very good!
Same as the first news the cohesive device was
used for comparison. In the sample news it
compared the shares on the Maharlika fund that
can be subscribed by the government and the
private sector through the help of cohesive device,
however.
Class if we did not used the two cohesive devices,
what do you think will happen?
Sir, I think that news that is made to compare
news will never serve its purpose because the
news will not be clear in expressing comparison if
we did not use cohesive devices.
Okay very good class!
Now moving on, if in case you want to show
similarities, what cohesive devices can we use?
Sir, we can use the cohesive devices likewise,
also, and too.
Okay very good class!
If you want to show similarity in your news articles
or reports class, you can use the following
cohesive devices:
 Likewise
 Too
 Also
 Similarly
 Identically
 Equally
For you visibly see the use of these cohesive
devices in news writing I have here a sample news.
John Michael can you please read what is on the
screen.
The national government will also set aside 10% of
its share from the income of PAGCOR, except for
the portion already earmarked for the Universal
Health Care Act. Other government owned gaming
operators and regulators will also contribute 10%
of their gaming operations revenues to the fund.
Thank you Michael!
Now how do you think the cohesive device also
used in this sample news?
Sir, it is used to show the similarity of two
sentences.
Very good! So, the cohesive also is used to show
the similarity of the government owned gaming
operators and regulators on how much of its funds
can be invested in the Maharlika fund.
If we did not use the word also, what could happen
to the sample news?
Sir, I think the news will be unclear because it will
not properly specify the similarity that it wants to
imply.
Very good class! Now onto the last type of
cohesive devices that we will discuss. Class [of you
want to emphasize something, what cohesive
device do you think can we use?
Very good class! If in the future class, if you will be
assigned to do a report that needs some
emphasizing you can use the following cohesive
devices:
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Sir I think we can use the cohesive devices like; in
fact, absolutely, and without a doubt.
In fact
Absolutely
Without a doubt
Certainly
Obviously
Definitely
Fro you class to understand how these are used in
news making, Mark please read the sample news.
‘Certainly this is a very sad precedent in senate
as an institution,’ says senate minority leader
Koko Pimentel referring to Zubiri’s signing of
‘tampered’ Maharlika Bill.
How is cohesive device is used on the sample
news?
Sir, it was used to give emphasis on the
statement of senate minority leader Koko
Pimentel.
Very good! So the cohesive device was used to
give an emphasis on the disappointment of senator
Koko Pimintel in the signing of the said bill.
If not used the cohesive device, what do you think
will happen.
Sir, I think the people would not know that senator
Pimentel was really disappointed with the signing
of measure because of the absence of cohesive
device that shows emphasis.
Okay class very good!
Always remember that as a future journalist you
should help your listeners to easily understand the
story that you are reporting.
Do you have any question class?
None, Sir!
D. Application
Since you do not have any questions, let us apply
the things that we learned today, let us have an
activity. Since you are all aspiring journalist, I will
give you the chance to be one right now. In future
when you become a successful journalist you will
be tasked to cover different personalities, offices,
and events. For today’s activity I will divide the
class into four. Your task is to create a news report
of the office or event that is assigned to your group
with of course the use of cohesive devices that will
be assigned to you as well. Your created news
report should be broadcast in front of the class.
You only have 10 minutes to prepare and 3
minutes to present.
Groupings and assigned task:
Group no. 1: Senate Reporter (similarity)
Group no. 2: House of Representative Reporter
(introduce items in a series)
Group no. 3: Office of the President Reporter
(emphasizing)
Group no. 4: Local News Reporter (compare)
Students will start doing the task. (students’
output may vary)
Okay Time is up! Let us now listen to the report of
group 1.
Group 1 will present.
Very good! Now let us listen to group 2.
Group 2 will present.
Very good group 2! Now let us hear from the 3rd
group.
Group 3 will present.
Very good group 3! Now let us see what the last
group got.
Group 4 will present.
Very good group 4! Class I am very happy. I could
see a lot of potential to all of you! Keep up the good
work!
E. Evaluation
To really see if you really understood our lesson for
today let us have an activity. In a one whole sheet
of yellow pad paper I want you to write your answer
to this question “What is the importance of
cohesive devices in News Writing and Casting.”
(Students will start answering)
(Answers may vary)
Okay, time is up kindly pass your works.
(Students will pass their works)
F. Generalization
To summarize our class, who among you can tell
me what cohesive devices is again?
Cohesive devices are sometimes called linking
words, linkers, connectors, discourse markers, or
transitional words.
Cohesive Devices are words or phrases that show
the relationship between paragraphs or sections
of a text or speech.
Okay very good! I believe that you really
understood our lesson for today.
H. Assignment
For your assignment class, I want you to do an
individual taped reporting using any cohesive
device of your choice. Your report must be at least
3 minutes long.
Do you have any question class?
None, Sir!
If that is the case, let us call it a day and see you
next week my future journalists!
Goodbye, Sir Lance!
Criteria to be used in application:
SCORE
50 - 45 points
44 – 40 points
35 -39 points
30 points
DESCRIPTION
 The group was able to write news article
cohesive devices and properly use it a
broadcast.
 The newscast is very comprehensible
 All groupmates participated
 The group was able to write news article and
use properly use it in broadcast.
 The news cast is comprehensible.
 Some group members were not able to
participate.
 The group was able to write news article but
cohesive devices are not quite applied properly.
 Majority of group members were not able to
participate.
 The group was able to write news article but
cohesive devices are not properly applied.
 The broadcast is not clear.
 Only few members participated.
3
Prepared by:
Lance Cedrick C. Alcedo
Demonstration Teacher
Evaluated by:
Ma. Leah P. Esquilo, LPT.
English for Specific Purposes Instructor