SCLT 3389 – Transportation Law Case Law Definitions Affirm - to confirm, ratify, or otherwise approve a lower court's decision on appeal. To solemnly declare that certain statements are true or that one will testify truthfully Certiorari - a writ or order by which a higher court reviews a decision of a lower court. Consequential damages - otherwise known as special damages, are damages you can prove occurred because of the failure of one party to meet a contractual obligation. Indemnify – compensate (someone) for harm or loss Indemnity - security or protection against a loss or other financial burden. Prima facie - based on the first impression; accepted as correct until proved otherwise. Remand – to send back