High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and
photoinitiators for industrial coatings
and graphic arts: Laromer®, Irgacure®,
Lucirin®, Darocur®
2
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Table of content
BASF and the efficiency of the
radiation-curing resins and photoinitiators
3
BASF - the one stop shop for radiation curing
4 -5
Products for lifetime “as-new” appearance
6-7
Radiation-curable products for
printing and packaging
8-9
Radiation curing
Laromer® resins
10 - 17
Product technology overview
Laromer® functional monomers
18 - 19
Technical appendix oligomers
Viscosity - reactivity and hardness – flexibility
20 - 21
Technical appendix functional monomers
Viscosity - reactivity and hardness - flexibility
22 - 23
Photoinitiators – a key element of UV technology
24 - 25
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
26 - 41
Absorption spectra of photoinitiators
42 - 43
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
3
BASF and the efficiency of the
radiation-curing resins and photoinitiators
Introduction
Customized-solution provider
Coatings curable by electron-beam or UV radiation have found
many markets in the past five decades. The radiation-curable
technology is used in various applications and industry
branches such as printing and packaging, automotive and
industrial coatings, furniture and flooring, adhesives and
special applications. The advantages comprised by the
technology are obvious such as instant curing, low energy
consumption, direct further processing, high scratch and
chemical resistance and low volatile organic compound
content.
BASF continuously works on further product developments to
exploit the opportunities in the field of radiation curing. In close
cooperation with customers and networking with the whole
value chain, BASF supports the innovation drivers in finding
new solutions for the market needs of today and the challenges
of tomorrow.
As one of three environmentally friendly technologies,
radiation-curable coatings are facing a bright future since they
match the legislation requirements to be a “green” technology
aside of water-based and powder coatings. UV/EB coatings
have had a high growth for many years which is expected to
continue.
The customer-oriented scientific and technical work at BASF
sets standards initiated since the inception of the radiationcurable coatings technology. The technical center offers
possibilities to test with up-to-date UV/EB curing equipment
and new technologies such as UV-LED. The center also
provides different application techniques from spraying to
curtain and roller coating as well as test equipment to support
our customers in meeting the industry standards and norms.
Our technical service is renowned to give excellent advice
on coating guidelines, working closely together with coating
formulators, equipment and production line manufacturers
to develop best solutions for the market requirements.
4
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
BASF – the one stop shop
for radiation curing
The unique product portfolio throughout all radiation curable coating
components from resins, photoinitiators to additives allows BASF chemists to
give excellent advice and to pass on in-depth knowledge about component
interactions out of one hand to our partners. Helping our customers to improve
their processes and coating properties is our commitment.
High-throughput screening
Quality, reliability and consistency
Substantial investments in the development of new products,
testing methods and new high-throughput screening
techniques for customer-driven innovations keep us in a
front-runner position within the radiation-curing industry.
BASF as the chemical company is sufficiently backwardintegrated in the supply chain from the oil well to the final
product. Obviously this offers some advantages to our
customers which they can not find anywhere else; a secured
supply on a constantly high quality level.
With our broad and unique product portfolio we meet and
exceed the highest market demands. Through our innovative
excellence and research competence we set new standards
and market trends.
Nevertheless, BASF puts continuous efforts into process
improvements, new processes and new production
technologies to facilitate the high product quality or to improve
the already existing high level. Our customers can simply
expect more than standard.
The global innovation power inside BASF creates a
one-of-a-kind network to satisfy customer demands.
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Prepared for REACH and GHS
Innovation and services
Sustainable and ecological acting is one of the key
measurements in a global context to preserve our standard
of living. As a member in the international Responsible Care®1
initiative and as one of our company’s responsibilities BASF
is committed to ecological sustainability. In supporting the
legislative authorities world-wide in their efforts to ensure the
safety of our environment and the human health we are well
prepared for the new safety standards introduced recently.
BASF has implemented the new REACH (Registration,
Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) and GHS (Global
Harmonized System) guidelines in the company’s production
and supply chains. Our experts help our customers with the
implementation of the new safety standards and give
consultancy to our partners if requested.
In close cooperation with its partners, BASF is developing
innovative solutions in analytical and testing challenges.
BASF as a solution provider to the industries supplies its
customers with several analytical, technical and supply chain
services. BASF provides services and technical solutions to
a broad range of industries:
5
• printing and packaging
• automotive and industrial coatings
• furniture and flooring
• adhesives
• special applications
Sustainability through “green” technologies is a strong
demand from end-consumers. BASF´s certified eco analysis
gives a tool to customers to calculate the eco friendliness,
the environmental impact and comparison of different
technologies. The coating industry is facing time-consuming
and cost-intensive challenges in developing new coatings with
the demanding property profile of their customers with the
variety of available raw materials. Many unknown interactions
between the coating components inside a formulation can take
place in the development stage. In helping our customers to
save time and money in formulation testing, BASF has built
up a new high-throughput screening device.
6
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Products for lifetime
“as-new” appearance
Discover the new possibilities
Abrasion resistance
Scratch resistance
Abrasion resistance is one of the dominating requirements in
the world of high-quality flooring products. The product of
choice depends directly on the test method. Different test
methods require different product characteristics. For each test
method (Taber®2 Abraser) BASF offers the optimum solution.
Many different applications require a highly scratch-resistant
coating to assure a long-lasting service life. High-performance
automotive clear coats, plastics coatings but also furniture and
flooring coatings are only a few examples. Highly scratchresistant surfaces can be achieved via two alternative routes,
i. e., either by high-functionality or nano-modified resins.
Abrasion resistance (Taber®2 Abraser)
Product name
S 33 / S 42
Product name
Scratch
resistance
Key features
Falling sand
CS 10 / CS 17
Laromer® PE 56 F
„
„„„
Laromer® LR 8987
„„
Laromer® PE 9032
„„
„„
Laromer® UA 9048
„„„
high functionality, diluted in DPGDA
Laromer® UA 9065
„„„
Laromer® UA 9050
„„„
high functionality, diluted in butyl acetate
Laromer® UA 9033
„„„
Laromer® UA 9047
„„„
high functionality, physical drying, diluted in
butyl acetate
Laromer® PO 9026
„„„
contains 50 % nano particles, low viscous
Laromer® TMPTA
„„
Laromer® PR 9052
„„„
Laromer® TMPTA
„„„
„
„„„
Laromer® DPGDA
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
Laromer® LR 8887
hard with excellent weather resistance
preferred diluent
7
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Weather resistance
Adhesion
The outdoor use of UV/EB coatings offers a wide range of
different applications for this coating technology. The key
to formulating such weather-resistant coatings is the use of
aliphatic urethane acrylates in combination with the right
photoinitiator cocktail.
Many of the latest UV/EB applications are on metal or plastic
substrates. These non-absorbing substrates require the careful
selection of radiation-curable raw materials in order that the
coatings formulation achieves the necessary adhesion
performance. This can be achieved by use of a dual-cure resin,
control of film shrinkage (reduction of stress within the film),
optimization of substrate wetting or the use of an acidic
adhesion promoter.
Product name
Hard / scratch-resistant
Flexible
Product name
®
Laromer LR 8987
Metal
Plastics
„„„
Laromer® UA 9059
®
Laromer UA 9029
„„
Laromer® UA 9048
„„„
®
„„„
Laromer UA 9050
®
Laromer UA 19 T
Laromer® PA 9039
„„„
„„
Laromer® PA 9083
„„„
„„
Laromer® LR 9000
„
„„„
„„
Laromer® UA 9033
„„
„„
„„
Laromer® UA 9072
„„
„„
„„
Laromer® LR 9013
„
„
„„
„„„
„„„
Laromer® LR 8887
„„
„„
„„
Laromer® POEA
„„
„„
„„
„„
Laromer® UA 9028
„„„
®
„„„
Laromer UA 9033
Wood
„„
To achieve the best possible weather resistance, please
ensure that appropriate performance light stabilizers are
used in your coating formulations.. For this purpose BASF
offers the Tinuvin® product range (UV absorbers and HALS).
Laromer® TBCH
„„„
Liquid NVC
„„„
excellent
„„
very good
„
good
8
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Radiation-curable products
for printing and packaging
Laromer®
Offset inks
Flexo inks
Screen inks
Overprint
varnish
Laromer®
Offset inks
Flexo inks
Screen inks
Overprint
varnish
epoxy acrylates (aromatic)
universal grinding resins
LR 9013
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
LR 9019
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
LR 8985
„„„
„„
„„„
„„
LR 9023
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
LR 8986
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
polyester acrylates
LR 9004
„„„
„„
„„„
„„„
urethane acrylates (aliphatic, with monomer)
PE 56 F
„„„
„„
„„„
„„„
UA 19 T
„
„„„
„„„
PE 9024
„„„
„„
„„„
„„„
UA 9033
„
„„„
„„„
PE 44 F
„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
LR 8987
„
„„„
„„„
PE 9074
„„„
„
„„„
„„
specialties
PE 9079
„„„
„
„„„
„„
PA 9039
improves adhesion to plastics and metal
PA 9083
improves adhesion to plastics and metal
polyether acrylates (free of monomers, amine-modified)
PO 77 F
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
LR 9000
adhesion primer on plastic substrates
PO 94 F
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
PO 9026
improves scratch resistance in OVP, inks
LR 8869
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
reactive diluents
LR 8996
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
TPGDA
„„
„„„
„„
„„„
DPGDA
„„
„„„
„„
„„„
oligoether acrylates
LR 9007
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
HDDA
„
„
„„
„„
PO 43 F
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
TMPTA
„„
„„
„
„„„
PO 33 F
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
POEA
-
„
„„
„
LR 8863
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
TBCH
-
„
„„
„
8887
-
„„
„„
„
epoxy acrylates (aliphatic)
LR 8765
-
„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
excellent
„„
very good
„
good
- not suitable
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
9
10
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Radiation curing
Laromer® resins
Type of resin
Type of thinner
[content]
Functionality
calculated
Viscosity
[Pa·s, 23 °C]
Hydroxyl value
[mg KOH/g]
DIN EN ISO 4629
Hardness
Elasticity
LR 8765
aliphatic
none
2.0
0.6 - 1.2
330
„
„„„
LR 8986
aromatic
none
2.4
3-6
170
„„„„
„„„
LR 9019
aromatic
none
2.4
15 - 25
175
„„„
„„„
LR 9023
aromatic
DPGDA (15 %]
2.4
2-5
150
„„„
„„
PE 55 F
none
3.1
25 - 45
70
„„
„„„
PE 56 F
none
3.1
20 - 40
70
„„
„„„
PE 46 T
TPGDA [30 %]
2.8
2 - 2.5
60
„„
„„
LR 9004
none
2.6
20 - 50
60
„„
„„„
PE 9024
none
2.6
10 - 30
70
„„
„„„
PE 9045
TPGDA [20 %]
2.5
2-7
60
„„
„„„
PE 44 F
none
3.0
2-5
80
„
„„„
LR 8800
none
3.0
4-8
80
„„„
„„
LR 8907
DPGDA [25 %]
1.9
0.5 - 2
120
„
„„„„
LR 8981
none
3.0
4 - 14
80
„
„„„
none
4.0
15 - 25
50
„„
„„„
PE 9074
new
none
3.2
7 - 13
50
„„
„„„
PE 9079
new
none
3.4
2 - 4 @ 60 ºC
50
„„
„„„
Laromer ®
epoxy acrylates
polyester acrylates
PE 9032
modified
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Reactivity
Chemical
resistance
„„„
„
„„
11
Europe
EINECS
USA
TSCA
Canada
DSL
Japan
ENCS
China
IECSC
Korea
ECL
partially water-soluble, flexible, highly reactive
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„„„
low viscosity, free of diluents, very good chemical resistance
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„„„
„„„„
highly reactive, very good chemical resistance
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„„
diluted version of Laromer® LR 9019
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
well-balanced properties with high toughness
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„„
„„„
improved compatibility with reactive diluents (versus PE 55 WN)
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
„„„
lowly viscous, diluted version of Laromer® PE 56 F
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„„
„„„
tough with good adhesion, good chemical resistance
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
compatible with nitrocellulose
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
lowly viscous version of Laromer® LR 9004
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„
„„„
free of diluents, low viscosity, low odor, flexible
„
„
-
„
„
-
„„
„„„„
hard, chemical resistance, low odor
„
„
-
„
„
„
„„
„„„
highly flexible, use in combination with hard, less flexible binders
„
-
-
-
„
-
„„„„
„„„
highly reactive with good sanding properties
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
abrasion-resistant in parquet applications (“falling sand”)
„
„
-
-
-
-
„„„
„„„
good adhesion, tough, reactive, resistant to chemicals
„
„
-
„
„
-
„„„
„„„
highly viscous version of Laromer® PE 9074
„
„
-
„
„
-
Characteristics
„„„„ excellent „„„ good „„ medium
„ low
12
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Radiation curing
Laromer® resins
Type of resin
Type of thinner
[content]
Functionality
calculated
Viscosity
[Pa·s, 23 °C]
Hydroxyl value
[mg KOH/g]
DIN EN ISO 4629
Hardness
Elasticity
PO 33 F
alkoxylated TMP triacrylate
none
3.0
0.07 - 0.13
30
„„„
„
LR 8863
ethoxylated TMP triacrylate
none
3.0
0.05 - 0.1
10
„„„
„
PO 43 F
none
2.4
0.2 - 0.4
100
„„„
„„
LR 8967
none
2.6
0.12 - 0.19
50
„„„
„„
LR 8982
none
2.7
0.15 - 0.3
70
„„„
„„
LR 9007
none
4.0
0.8 - 1.5
130
„„„
„„
PO 77 F
none
2.9
1-3
120
„
„„„
PO 84 F
none
3.5
0.4 - 0.7
50
„„
„„
PO 94 F
none
3.5
0.3 - 0.6
55
„„
„„„
LR 8997
none
3.4
0.3 - 0.5
55
„„
„„
PO 83 F
none
2.8
0.09 - 0.13
30
„„
„„
LR 8889
none
2.6
0.09 - 0.14
60
„
„„„
LR 8869
none
2.8
0.06 - 0.11
30
„„
„„
LR 8996
none
2.9
0.05 - 0.09
30
„„
„„
Laromer ®
polyether acrylates
amine-modified polyether acrylates
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Reactivity
Chemical
resistance
„
„„„
„
13
Europe
EINECS
USA
TSCA
Canada
DSL
Japan
ENCS
China
IECSC
Korea
ECL
low yellowing, low-odor diluent
„
SNUR
-
„
„
-
„„„
lower in viscosity than Laromer® PO 33 F
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
„„„
chemical resistance, allround resin
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
„„„
lowly viscous version of Laromer® PO 43 F
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
„„
partially water-soluble (spray viscosity adjustable)
„
„
-
„
„
-
„„„
„„„„
lowest amount of extractables, scratch-resistant
„
„
-
„
„
-
„„„
„„„
reactive allround resin, good sanding properties
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
reactive, good pigment wetting
„
SNUR
-
-
„
„
„„„„
„„„„
highly reactive, very good chemical resistance
„
„
„
-
„
„
„„„„
„„„
highly reactive, very low in color
„
-
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
good chemical resistance, low viscosity
„
SNUR
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
reactive, low viscosity, flexible
„
-
-
-
„
„
„„„
„„„
harder than Laromer® LR 8889
„
„
-
-
„
-
„„„
„„„
reactive, very low color and viscosity
„
„
-
-
„
-
Characteristics
„„„„ excellent „„„ good „„ medium „ low
SNUR = significant new use rule
14
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Radiation curing
Laromer® resins
Type of resin
Type of thinner
[content]
Functionality
calculated
Viscosity
[Pa·s, 23 °C]
Hydroxyl value
[mg KOH/g]
DIN EN ISO 4629
Hardness
Elasticity
UA 19 T
aliphatic
TPGDA [35 %]
2.0
14 - 32
10
„„
„„„
UA 9028
aliphatic
butyl acetate [30 %]
2.0
0.8 - 1.6
15
„
„„„„
UA 9030
aliphatic
Laromer® LR 8887 [30 %]
1.7
80 - 150
12
„
„„„„
LR 8987
aliphatic
HDDA [30 %]
2.3
4-6
11
„„„
„„
UA 9029
aliphatic
butyl acetate [30 %]
2.4
0.3 - 1
5
„„
„„
UA 9033
aliphatic
Laromer® LR 8887 [30 %]
1.7
15 - 25
6
„
„„„„
UA 9047
aliphatic
butyl acetate [30 %]
> 6.0
2-7
10
„„„
„„
UA 9048
aliphatic
DPGDA [25 %]
6.5
10 - 20
10
„„„„
„
UA 9050
aliphatic
butyl acetate [20 %]
8.0
1.5 - 5
10
„„„„
„
UA 9072
new
aliphatic
TBCH [30 %]
1.7
2-15 / 60 °C
6
„
„„„„
UA 9065
aromatic
DPGDA [35 %]
2.0
7-9
5
„„
„„„„
UA 9073
new
aromatic
-
2.0
2-15 / 60 °C,
9
„„
„„„
PE 22 WN
polyester acrylate
water [50 %]
2.2
0.15 - 0.5
-
„„
„„
PE 55 WN
polyester acrylate
water [50 %]
2.2
0.25 - 0.65
-
„„
„„„
LR 8949
aliphatic urethane acrylate
dispersion
water [60 %]
1.7
0.015 - 0.18
-
„„
„„„
LR 8983
aromatic urethane acrylate
dispersion
water [60 %]
0.7
0.05 - 0.3
-
„„
„„„„
LR 9005
aromatic urethane acrylate
dispersion
water [60 %]
2.0
0.02 - 0.25
-
„„„„
„„
UA 9060
aromatic urethane acrylate
dispersion
water [60 %]
2.0
0.005 - 0.3
-
„„„„
„„
UA 9064
new
urethane acrylate dispersion
water [62 %]
-
0.02 - 0.25
-
„„„„
„„
WA 9057
acrylic UV crosslinkable emulsion
water [64 %]
-
0.01 - 0.2
-
„„„
„„„
UA 9059
aliphatic urethane acrylate
water [30 %]
1.8
6 - 11
-
„
„„„„
Laromer ®
urethane acrylates
water-based
15
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Reactivity
Chemical
resistance
Characteristics
Europe
EINECS
USA
TSCA
Canada
DSL
Japan
ENCS
China
IECSC
Korea
ECL
„
„
elastic, low yellowing, flexible at temperatures below O °C
„
„
„
-
„
„
„
„
highly elastic, low yellowing, lowly viscous, monomer-free
„
„
„
-
„
„
„
„
highly elastic, low yellowing, good adhesion
„
„
„
-
„
-
„„
„„„
scratch- and weather-resistant, for outdoor applications
„
„
-
-
-
-
„„„
„„„
monomer-free version of Laromer® LR 8987
„
„
-
-
-
-
„„„
„„
highly elastic, reactive, good adhesion, low shrinkage
„
„
„
-
„
-
„
„„„„
physical drying, best performance when UV-cured at high temparature
„
-
-
-
-
-
„„„
„„„„
excellent scratch and abrasion resistances, highly functional
„
-
-
„
-
„
„„„
„„„„
lowest yellowing, excellent scratch resistance
„
-
-
-
„
„
„
„„
extremely flexible, best strain-stress behavior
„
-
-
-
-
-
„„„„
„„
very reactive, very flexible, good abrasion resistance (“falling sand”)
„
-
-
-
-
-
„„
„„
flexible and tough with high viscosity
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
„„„„
hard, excellent chemical resistance, good sanding properties
„
„
-
-
„
„
„„„
„„„
flexible, easy to matt, adhesion to PVC
„
„
-
-
„
„
„„
„„„„
good grain enhancement, very good chemical and weather resistances
„
„
-
-
-
-
„„
„„
excellent physical-drying properties, easy to formulate
„
„
-
„
-
-
„„
„„„„
excellent scratch and chemical resistances
„
„
„
-
„
„
„„
„„„„
very good chemical and scratch resistances, fast drying, very hard
„
„
-
-
-
„
„„
„„„„
low-yellowing version of Laromer® UA 9060
„
-
-
-
-
-
„„
„„„
good chemical and scratch resistances, excellent block resistance
„
„
-
-
-
-
„„
„
excellent adhesion on wood, very flexible, excellent coin test results
„
-
-
-
-
-
„„„„ excellent „„„ good „„ medium
„ low
16
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Radiation curing
Laromer® resins
Laromer ®
Type of resin
Type of thinner
[content]
Functionality
calculated
Viscosity
[Pa·s, 23 °C]
Hydroxyl value
[mg KOH/g]
DIN EN ISO 4629
Hardness
Elasticity
special radiation-curable products
UP 35 D
unsaturated polyester
DPDGA [45 %]
3.5
3-6
-
„„
„„„
LR 9013
modified polyether acrylate
none
3.0
45 - 70
25
„„„
„
LR 8985
modified polyether acrylate
none
3.0
60 - 80
25
„„„
„
PO 9026
nano-modified polyether acrylate
none
1.5
0.6 - 1.5
-
„„„„
„
TMPTA [60 %]
6.0
4-8
-
„„„
„
PR 9052
PR 9058
modified aromatic
none
2.3
3-6
170
„„„
„„
PA 9039
adhesion promoter
none
1.5
0.3 - 0.8
-
„„„
„„
PA 9083
new
adhesion promoter
none
1.0
1.2 - 3.5
-
aliphatic urethane acrylate
none
2 + 2 NCO
1 - 1.4
-
„„
„
dual-cure product
LR 9000
17
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Reactivity
Chemical
resistance
Characteristics
Europe
EINECS
USA
TSCA
Canada
DSL
Japan
ENCS
China
IECSC
Korea
ECL
„„
„„„
hard, good chemical resistance, good sanding properties
„
„
-
-
„
-
„
„„
excellent pigment wetting properties, low in shrinkage
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
more hydrophobic than Laromer® LR 9013
„
SNUR
-
„
„
„
„„
„„„
contains 50 % nano particles, very good scratch resistance
„
„
-
„
„
„
„„
„„„
abrasion-resistant in flooring application (S42, S33),
hard, scratch-resistant
„
„
„
-
„
„
„„„
„„„
excellent pigment wetting, good filler acceptance, low viscosity
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„„
leads to good adhesion on different substrates
„
„
-
„
„
„
co-binder to increase adhesion on metal and plastic
„
„
„
„
„
„
contains NCO- and UV-reactive groups within one molecule
„
„
„
„
„
-
„
„„
„„„„ excellent „„„ good „„ medium
„ low
SNUR = significant new use rule
18
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Product technology overview
Laromer® functional monomers
CAS
number
Mol mass
[g/mol]
approx.
Density
[g/cm3]
Laromer® TMPTA
trimethylolpropane triacrylate
15625-89-5
300
1.102 (25 °C)
Laromer® BDDA
butanediol diacrylate
1070-70-8
200
1.049 (45 °C)
Laromer® HDDA
hexanediol diacrylate
13048-33-4
230
1.015 (25 °C)
Laromer® TPGDA
tripropyleneglycol diacrylate
42978-66-5
300
1.036 (25 °C)
Laromer® DPGDA
dipropyleneglycol diacrylate
57472-68-1
240
1.046 (25 °C)
Laromer® POEA
phenoxyethyl acrylate
48145-04-6
190
1.100 (25 °C)
Laromer® 8887
trimethylolpropaneformal
monoacrylate
66492-51-1
200
1.094 (25 °C)
Laromer® TBCH
4-t-butylcyclohexyl acrylate
84100-23-2
282-104-8
210
0.940 (25 °C)
lauryl acrylate 1214
2156-97-0
250
0.870 (25 °C)
ethyldiglycol acrylate
7328-17-8
188
1.006 (25 °C)
2478-10-6
144
1.04 (25 °C)
2235-00-9
139
1.01 (40 °C)
765-12-8
202
99 (25 °C)
Product name
Structure
Laromer® functional monomers
4-HBA
4-hydroxybutyl acrylate
NVC
N-vinyl caprolactam
also available in liquid form
DVE-3
Triethyleneglycol divinyl ether
(CH2)4
OH
CH2=CH-N
H2C==CH–O–CH2––CH2–O–CH2––CH2–O–CH2––CH2–O–CH==CH
=
2
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Content of stabilizer
[Me HQ]
Color
[APHA DIN
ISO 6271]
Viscosity
[mPa·s, 23 °C]
approx.
Europe
EINECS
USA
TSCA
Canada
DSL
Japan
ENCS
China
IECSC
Korea
ECL
200 ± 50 ppm
max. 150
130
„
„
„
„
„
„
200 ± 50 ppm
max. 150
5
„
„
„
„
„
„
200 ± 50 ppm
max. 150
6
„
„
„
„
„
„
350 ± 50 ppm
max. 150
11
„
„
„
„
„
„
350 ± 50 ppm
max. 150
8
„
„
„
„
„
„
200 ± 50 ppm
max. 250
8
„
„
„
„
„
„
1000 ± 100 ppm
max. 200
40
„
„
„
-
„
-
200 ± 50 ppm
max. 100
9
„
„
-
„
„
-
200 ± 50 ppm
max. 150
6
„
„
„
„
„
„
2000 ± 200 ppm
stabilizer blend
max. 250
5
„
„
„
„
„
„
max. 50
12
„
„
„
„
„
-
max. 50
3
„
„
„
„
„
-
max. 50
3
„
„
-
„
„
„
19
20
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Technical appendix oligomers
Viscosity – reactivity and hardness – flexibility
Viscosity – reactivity / all products were cured with 1 UV lamp 120 W/cm. Initiator: 4 % Irgacure® 500
viscosity [mPa·s]
1,000,000
UA 9073
100,000
UA 9030
UA 9072
LR 8985
PE 9079
LR 9013
PE 55 F
LR 9004
PE 9032
PE 9074
PE 9024
PE 56 F
UA 19 T
UA 9033
10,000
LR 9019
UA 9059
UA 9048
UA 9065
LR 8800 PE 9045
PR 9058
PR 9052
LR 8987
UP 35 D
LR 8986
PE 44 F
PE 46 T
UA 9028
PO 9026
LR 9007
1000
LR 8907
LR 8981
LR 9023
UA 9050
PO 77F
LR 8765
PO 84 F
PO 94 F
UA 9029
PA 9039 V
PO 43 F
LR 8982
LR 8967
100
PE 22 WN
LR 8997
PE 55 WN
LR 8889
LR 8983
PO 83F
LR 8869
PO 33 F
LR 8996
LR 8863
LR 8949
LR 9005
UA 9060
WA 9057
UA 9064
10
UA 9047
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
reactivity [m/min]
epoxy acrylates
polyester acrylates
amine-modified polyether acrylates
water-based products
urethane acrylates
special radiation-curable products
polyether acrylates
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Hardness – flexibility / all products were cured 5 x 5 m/min with 1 UV lamp 120 W/cm. Initiator: 4 % Irgacure® 500
Erichsen indentation [mm]
10
UA 9072
LR 8983
9
UA 9033 UA 9059
UA 9073
UA 9028
UA 9030
8
UA 19 T
UA 9065
7
LR 8949
PE 9024
PE 55 WN
LR 9004
PE 56 F
6
PE 9074
LR 8907
PE 55 F
PE 9079
PE 9045
PE 46 T
LR 8981
5
UP 35 D
PE 44 F
PO 77 F
PE 22WN
UA 9029
PE 9032
UA 9064
LR 9019
WA 9057
LR 8800
4
LR 8865
PO 94 F
LR 8889
LR 8997
LR 9005
LR 8987
LR 9023
PA 9039
UA 9060
LR 8986
LR 8996
PO 43 F
LR 8982
3
PO 83 F
PO 84 F
PR 9058
LR 9007
LR 8869
LR 8967
PO 33 F
2
UA 9047
LR 8863
LR 9013
1
LR 8985
UA 9048
PR 9052
UA 9050
PO 9026
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
pendulum hardness [oscillations]
epoxy acrylates
polyester acrylates
amine-modified polyether acrylates
water-based products
urethane acrylates
special radiation-curable products
polyether acrylates
21
22
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Technical appendix functional monomers
Viscosity – reactivity and hardness – flexibility
Monomers: viscosity – reactivity / formulation: 70 parts Laromer® PE 56 F, 30 parts monomer, 4 parts Irgacure® 500
reactivity [m/min]
20.0
viscosity [mPa·s]
7,000
18.0
16.0
6,000
14.0
5,000
12.0
4,000
10.0
8.0
3,000
6.0
2,000
4.0
1,000
2.0
DVE-3
NVC
4-HBA
EDGA
TBCH
LR 8887
POEA
DPGDA
TPGDA
HDDA
BDDA
TMPTA
* -only 10 parts
LA 1214*
0
0
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Monomers: hardness – flexibility / formulation: 70 parts Laromer ® PE 56 F, 30 parts monomer, 4 parts Irgacure® 500
pendulum hardness
Erichsen indentation [mm]
70
9
8
60
7
50
6
40
5
4
30
3
20
2
10
1
* -only 10 parts
DVE-3
NVC
4-HBA
0
EDGA
LA 1214*
TBCH
LR 8887
POEA
DPGDA
TPGDA
HDDA
BDDA
TMPTA
0
23
24
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiators – a key element
of UV technology
UV-curing is one of the most rapidly growing technologies within the
coatings, printing and packaging, adhesives and electronic materials as
well as related industries. UV-curing systems have been used to dramatically
increase line speeds and develop environmentally friendly coatings.
Perfect partner for UV-curable resins
Aside of the careful selection of the UV resin, the selection
of the correct photoinitiator or photoinitiator combination is
critical to achieve the desired curing speed and balance of
properties.
UV-cured inks are used for variety of lithographic, flexographic
and screen-printing applications. These inks present special
formulation challenges due to their pigmentation and need
for tightly controlled viscosity. To solve this problem, BASF
introduced several photoinitiators such as Irgacure® 369 and
Irgacure® 379 with strong absorption at longer wavelength in
the UV region. Therefore, they are very effective in curing cyan
and black inks. These photoinitiators may be used alone or in
combination with sensitizers. Generally a photoinitiator
concentration of 1 - 5 % is suggested with ladder studies
to optimize the formulation in terms of reactivity. Irgacure® 369
may impart color to the ink due to the absorption of visible
light. This makes it less preferable for white, pastel and other
light-color inks. For this segment, a photoinitiator of the bisacyl
phosphine oxide (BAPO) class is suggested. Irgacure® 819
shows high reactivity due to a long-wavelength absorption in
combination with efficient photobleaching.
For UV-cured coatings, products of the ɑ-hydroxyketone
family (Irgacure® 184, Irgacure® 2959, Irgacure® 127,
Darocur® 1173) are preferred as part of a photoinitiator
package when curing unpigmented clear coatings or for
surface curing in highly pigmented systems. For through
curing of thicker sections and for highly pigmented systems,
an acylphospine oxide type of photoinitiator such as the BAPO
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
and monoacyl phospine oxide (MAPO) families is suggested.
BAPO-type photoinitiators are especially designed to be
activated by longer-wavelength UV light in the near-visible
region above 400 nm. Light of this wavelength penetrates
deeper into the lower layers of the coating, thus enabling the
through curing desired. Shorter-wavelength light, around 230
nm, is of higher photon energy but is less penetrating than
that of longer wavelengths. Light of this shorter wavelength is
particularly useful for surface curing. Moreover, BAPO-type
photoinitiators also allow UV absorbers to be formulated into
the coating for improved outdoor durability. In addition to
excellent through-cure properties, BAPO phototinitiators
photobleach after UV exposure to give a clean white
appearance in contrast to an off-white color associated
with other long-wavelength absorption photoinitiators.
25
Selection of the best individual photoinitiator or combination
depends on a number of variables including the chemistry of
the resins system (UPES, epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate),
selection of monomers, UV lamp type and orientation, curing
speed required, coating properties, substrate and many more.
26
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Clear wood
coating
Pigmented
wood
coating
Clear
plastics/
metal
Pigmented
plastics/
metal
UV-stabilized
clear coatings
Irgacure® 184
„„„
„
„„„
„
Darocur® 1173
„„„
„
„„„
Irgacure® 127
„„
„
Irgacure® 2959
„„
Irgacure® 500
Overprint
varnish
Offset inks
Flexo inks
Screen
inks
„„„
„„
„
„
„
„
„„„
„„
„
„
„
„„
„
„
„
„„„
„
„
„
„
„„
„
„„
„„„
„
„
„
„
„„„
„
„„
„
Irgacure® 754
„„„
„
„„„
„
„„
„
Darocur® MBF
„„„
„
„„„
„
„„
„
Product name
Powder
coatings
α-hydroxyketone
„„„
phenylglyoxylate
acylphosphine oxide
Lucirin® TPO
„„
„„
„„„
„„
„„
„„
Lucirin® TPO-L
„„
„„
„„„
„„
„„
„„
Irgacure® 2100
„„„
„„„
„„
„„
„„
„„
Irgacure® 819
„„„
„„„
„„
„„
„„
„„
Irgacure® 819-DW
„„„
„„„
„„
„
Irgacure® 907
„„„
„„„
„„„
Irgacure® 369
„„„
„„„
„„„
Irgacure® 1300
„„„
„„„
„„„
Irgacure® 379
„„„
„„„
„„„
Darocur® 4265
„
„„
„
„„
Irgacure® 2022
„
„„
„
„„
„„„
α-aminoketone
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Electronic coatings,
adhesives and
photoresists for
displays, micro
devices, circuit
boards and offset
plates
Near-UV
exposure
UPES*
systems
Acrylated
systems
„
„„
„„„
„
„
„„„
„„
„„
„
„
„
Cationic
polymerization
Photoacidcatalyzed
systems
Waterbased UV
formulations
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„
„„
„„„
„„
„„„
„„
„„„
„„„
High
stability
„„
„
„
„„
„„
„„„
„„„
„
„
„„
„
„
„„
„
„
„„
„
„„
„
„„„
„
High purity
„„
„
„„„
Nonyellowing
„„
„„
„„
Low
volatility,
low odor
27
„„
„
„„
„„„
„
„„
„
„„„ very well suited „„ well suited
„ suited * unsaturated polyesters
28
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Clear wood
coating
Pigmented
wood
coating
Clear
plastics/
metal
Pigmented
plastics/
metal
„„„
„
„„
„
UV-stabilized
clear coatings
Powder
coatings
Overprint
varnish
Offset inks
Flexo inks
Screen
inks
„„„
„
„
„
benzophenone (BP)
Darocur® BP
benzildimethyl ketal
Irgacure® 651
„„
„„
„„
sulfonium salts
Irgacure® 250
„„
„„
„„
„„
„„
Irgacure® 270
„„
„„
„„
„„
„„
Irgacure® PAG 290
Irgacure® GSID 26-1
other
Irgacure® 784
oxime esters
Irgacure® OXE 01
Irgacure® OXE 02
photoacid generators
Irgacure® PAG 103
Irgacure® PAG 121
Irgacure® PAG 203
Irgacure® CGI 1380
Irgacure® CGI 1907
Irgacure® CGI 725
29
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Electronic coatings,
adhesives and
photoresists for
displays, micro
devices, circuit
boards and offset
plates
Near-UV
exposure
UPES*
systems
Acrylated
systems
Cationic
polymerization
Photoacidcatalyzed
systems
Waterbased UV
formulations
Low
volatility,
low odor
Nonyellowing
High purity
High
stability
„„
„„„
„
„
„„„
„
„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„/„„
„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„ very well suited „„ well suited
„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„„„
„
„
„ suited * unsaturated polyesters
30
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Chemical name
Structure
α-hydroxyketone
Irgacure® 184
1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone
Darocur® 1173
2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone
Irgacure® 127
2-hydroxy-1-{4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl)-benzyl]-phenyl}-2-methylpropan-1-one
Irgacure® 2959
2-hydroxy-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone
Irgacure® 500
Irgacure® 184 (50 %), benzophenone (50 %)
O
OH
C
O
HO
O
C
phenylglyoxylate
Irgacure® 754
®
Darocur MBF
oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2-[2-oxo-2-phenyl-acetoxy-ethoxy]-ethyl ester and
oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2-[2-hydroxy-ethoxy]-ethyl ester
phenyl glyoxylic acid methyl ester
O
C
C
O
O
OH
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
31
Appearance
UV/VIS absorption peaks
[nm]
Solubility
solid
246, 280, 333
„„„
low yellowing, medium volatility, highly efficient for surface-curing
liquid
245, 280, 331
„„„
with good solvent properties, highly suitable for blends with other photoinitiators, highly efficient for
surface curing, slightly more reactive than Irgacure® 184
solid
260, 320
„
superior reactivity over Irgacure® 184 or Darocur® 1173, low sensitivity to oxygen inhibition,
low emission/odor after curing
solid
276,331
„
low yellowing, low odor, low volatility, low migration, reactive OH group enabling use as building block,
FDA-approved for indirect food contact in adhesive applications
liquid
250, 332
„„„
low yellowing, low viscosity provides advantage lowering the viscosity of formulation, highly efficient for
surface curing, synergistic effect with amines
liquid
260, 345
„„„
highly efficient in surface curing, low emission, low residual odor, lowest yellowing after curing
liquid
255, 325
„„„
low yellowing after curing/aging, excellent surface-curing properties (stain resistance), allows
development of clearcoat with superior adhesion
Key properties
„„„ good solubility
„„ medium solubility „ low solubility
32
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Chemical name
Structure
acylphosphine oxide
®
Lucirin TPO
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide
O
O
C
P
O O
Lucirin® TPO-L
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl phosphinate
Irgacure® 2100
liquid blend of acylphosphine oxides
Irgacure® 819
bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphineoxide
Irgacure® 819 DW
Irgacure® 819 (45% active) dispersed in water
Darocur® 4265
Lucirin® TPO (50 % by weight)
Darocur® 1173 (50 % by weight)
Irgacure® 2022
Irgacure® 819 (20 % by weight)
Darocur® 1173 (80 % by weight)
C P
C P C
O
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Appearance
UV/VIS absorption peaks
[nm]
Solubility
solid
295, 380, 393
„„
liquid
33
Key properties
good solubility in common UV systems, lower through-curing performance than Irgacure® 819
low yellowing, low odor
„„„
easy to incorporate, low yellowing, photosensitivity at longer wavelength
limited yellowing after curing, improved through-curing and reactivity over Lucirin® TPO, photosensitivity
at longer wavelength
liquid
275, 370
„„„
solid
360, 365, 405
„
liquid
360, 365, 405
„„„
easy to incorporate into water-based UV systems, low odor, low volatility, photosensitivity at longer
wavelength
liquid
240, 290, 380
„„„
good solubility in common UV systems, Darocur® 4265 can be incorporated into water-based systems,
photosensitivity at longer wavelength
liquid
246, 282, 370
„„„
lower through-curing performance than Irgacure® 819, well balanced ratio of surface and throughcuring, lower degree of photobleaching, photosensitivity at longer wavelength
low odor, low volatility, photosensitivity at longer wavelength
„„„ good solubility
„„ medium solubility „ low solubility
34
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Chemical name
Structure
other
F
Irgacure® 784
titanocene radical initialtor
titanium, bis ( ƞ5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)
bis [2,6-difluoro-3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]-
N
F
Ti
F
F
N
oxime esters
Irgacure® OXE 01
oxime ester radical initiator
[1-(4-phenylsulfanylbenzoyl)heptylideneamino]benzoate
N
S
O
Irgacure® OXE 02
oxime ester radical initiator
[1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylbenzoyl)carbazol-3-yl]ethylideneamino] acetate
N
N
O
O
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Appearance
UV/VIS absorption peaks
[nm]
Solubility
solid
397, 465
„
solid
327
„„
solid
375
„
35
Key properties
efficient radical photoinitiator for near UV-A, LED and laser exposure
non-yellowing highly reactive near-UV radical photoinitiator for color filters, resin black matrix and other
display applications
only slightly yellowing highly reactive near-UV radical photoinitiator for color filters, resin black matrix
and in other display applications
„„„ good solubility
„„ medium solubility „ low solubility
36
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Chemical name
Structure
α-aminoketone
Irgacure® 907
2-methyl-1[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one
O
C
S
N
O
O
Irgacure® 369
2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-butanone-1
Irgacure® 1300
Irgacure® 369 (30 % by weight), Irgacure® 651 (70 % by weight)
N
O
C
N
O
Irgacure® 379
2-dimethylamino-2-(4-methyl-benzyl)-1-(4-morpholin-4-yl-phenyl)-butan-1-one
O
N
C
benzophenone (BP)
O
®
Darocur BP
benzophenone
C
benzildimethyl ketal
O
Irgacure® 651
2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one
O
C
O
N
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Appearance
UV/VIS absorption peaks
[nm]
Solubility
solid
232, 240, 307
„„
highly efficient
solid
233, 324
„
highly efficient
solid
253, 326
„„
solid
237, 320
„„
solid
256, 340
„„„
solid
254, 337
„„
Key properties
highly efficient, excellent solubility compared to Irgacure® 369, easy to incorperate
low initial yellowing, low oxygen inhibition, performance can significantly be improved in combination
with amine synergists
yellowing after curing tends to limit use to primers or intermediate coats
„„„ good solubility
„„ medium solubility „ low solubility
37
38
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Chemical name
Structure
onium salts
Irgacure® 250
I
iodonium, (4-methylphenyl)[4-(2-methylpropyl) phenyl]-, hexafluorophosphate(1-)
PF6
+
R
1
R
Irgacure® 270
sulfonium salt cationic initiator
R
R
R
S
PF6
+
R
1
R
R
1
R
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
Irgacure® PAG 290
tetralis(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)boranuide;
tris[4-(4-acetylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]sulfonium
F
F
F
B
–
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
S
F
S+
S
F
O
Irgacure® GSID 26-1
tris[4-(4-acetylphenyl)sulfanylphenyl]sulfonium;
tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide
F
F
O
S
F O
F
S
C
S
F
O
O
O
F
O F F
S
S
O
S
S
O
+
S
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Appearance
UV/VIS absorption peaks
[nm]
Solubility
„„„
liquid
39
Key properties
for curing of thick and highly pigmented cationic systems
very low odor during curing and very low migration make the product especially well suitable for food
packaging applications
solid
242, 327
„
solid
293, 318
„„
high reactivity, for near-UV curing of thick cationic systems, 3D prototyping, LED curing, long pot life
solid
293, 318
„„
high reactivity, for near-UV curing of thick cationic systems, LED curing, long pot life
„„„ good solubility
„„ medium solubility „ low solubility
40
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Photoinitiator selection guide
Photoinitiators Irgacure®, Darocur®, Lucirin®
Product name
Chemical name
Structure
photoacid generators
S
Irgacure® PAG 103
O
N
oxime sulfonate
O
S
O
N
S
Irgacure® PAG 121
O
S
O
O
N
oxime sulfonate
N
S
S
Irgacure® PAG 203
N
N
oxime sulfonate
F
F
F
F
S
®
Irgacure CGI 1380
O
oxime sulfonate
N
O
S
O
F
F
O
N
F F F
F
F
Irgacure® CGI 1907
Irgacure® CGI 725
F
F F F
oxime sulfonate
O
S O
N
O
F
F
H
F
F
F
F
F
F
N
oxime sulfonate
O
S
O
O
N
O
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Appearance
UV/VIS absorption peaks
[nm]
Solubility
solid
418
„„„
non-ionic photoacid generator for near-UV and longer wavelengths generating alkyl sulfonic acid
solid
406
„„„
non-ionic photoacid generator for near-UV and longer wavelengths generating alkyl sulfonic acid
solid
281
„„„
non-ionic photoacid generator for deep-UV generating alkyl sulfonic acid
solid
400
„„
solid
200, 240, 255
„„„
non-ionic photoacid generator for deep-UV generating nonaflic acid
solid
323
„„„
non-ionic photoacid generator for near-UV generating alkyl sulfonic acid
Key properties
non-ionic photoacid generator for near-UV generating camphor sulfonic acid
„„„ good solubility
„„ medium solubility „ low solubility
41
42
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Absorption spectra of photoinitiators
α-hydroxyketone photoininitiators 0.001 % in acetonitrile
1.2
absorbance
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
wavelength [nm]
Irgacure® 184
Irgacure® 127
Darocur® 2959
Darocur® 1173
α-aminoketone photoinitiators 0.001 % in acetonitrile
1.2
absorbance
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
wavelength [nm]
Irgacure® 369
Irgacure® 907
Irgacure® 379
acylphosphine oxide photoininitiators 0.1 % in acetonitrile
3.0
absorbance
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
300
320
340
360
380
wavelength [nm]
Irgacure® 819
Irgacure® 2100
Lucirin® TPO
Lucirin® TPO-L
400
420
440
460
High lights!
Radiation curing with resins and photoinitiators for industrial coatings and graphic arts
Classical photoinitiators 0.001 % in acetonitrile
Oxime esters 0.001 % in acetonitrile
1.2
2.0
43
1.0
absorbance
absorbance
1.5
0.8
0.6
0.4
1.0
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
200
220
240
Darocur® MBF
Darocur® BP
260
280
wavelength [nm]
Irgacure® 754
Irgacure® 651
300
320
340
Irgacure® 500
Cationic photoinitiators 0.05 % in acetonitrile
absorbance
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
225
250
Irgacure® 250
275
300
325
wavelength [nm]
Irgacure® 270
350
375
220
240
Irgacure® OXE 01
2.0
200
200
400
260
280
wavelength [nm]
Irgacure® OXE 02
300
320
340
Contact worldwide
Asia
BASF East Asia Regional Headquarters Ltd.
45/F, Jardine House
No. 1 Connaught Place
Central
Hong Kong
Tel.: +852 2731-0111
Fax: +852 2731-5633
Europe
BASF SE
Resins & Additives
E-EDC/RA – J 550
67056 Ludwigshafen
Germany
Tel.: +49 621 60-49923
Fax: +49 621 60-6649923
Mexico
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Mexico
Tel.: +52 55 5325-2787
+52 55 5325-2687
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Brazil
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EDC 2711 e
Eastern Europe, Africa, West Asia
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Business Management
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Tel.: +49 621 60-76246
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North America
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USA
Tel.: +1 800 231-7868
Fax: +1 800 392-7429
polyorders@basf.com
BASF SE
67056 Ludwigshafen
Germany
www.basf.com/resins
The data contained in this publication are based on our current knowledge and experience. In view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our product, these data do
not relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and tests; neither do these data imply any guarantee of certain properties, nor the suitability of the product for a specific purpose.
Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights, etc. given herein may change without prior information and do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product.
The agreed contractual quality of the product results exclusively from the statements made in the product specification. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our product to ensure that any
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and workplace hygiene measures adequate for handling chemicals must be observed.
® = registered trademark of the BASF Group
®2 = registered trademark of Taber Acquisitions Corporation
®1 = Responisble Care is a service mark of the American Chemistry Council