Parts of Endotracheal tube
Submitted to :- Respected
Kirti ma'am
Submitted by:- Richa
Kumari
02650306619
Bsc.(H) nursing 4rth year
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE
(ET Tube)
1. Endotracheal tubes are curved
tubes used for intubation •
2. Tubes were made up of latex,
previously, but currently plastic
tubes (PVC) are preferred
because of following advantages :
A.Disposable (less chances of
infection).
B.Hypoallergenic ( since latex
allergy is fairly comman)
C.Transparent (easy
visualization of blockage ETT
due to blood , pus, secretions
Types of ET tube:ET tubes can be-: 1. cuffed •
2.uncuffed •
Cuffed ET tubes - are used in children
> 8 years • The cuff when inflated
maintains the ET tube in proper position
and prevents aspiration of content from
GI tract into respiratory tract.
Uncuffed ET tube:-children < 8
uncuffed ET tubes are used because
the narrow subglottic area performs
the function of a cuff and prevents the
ET tube from slipping.
Size of ET tube
•Roughly the diameter of the
child's little finger is the same as
that required for the ETT. The
following table gives an idea
about the size of ETT in different
age groups.
SIZES-:
•Age group• 1.premature
babies
• 2.full term
• 3.from 2weeks to
24 weeks
• 4.from 6months
to 12 months
Parts of ET tube:• BEVEL: - This is the slanted
portion found at the
tip/edge of the tube.
• The bevel is usually left
facing instead of right facing
this helps easy visualization
of the vocal cords during
intubation and easy access
into the trachea.
• PILOT BALLOON: - The air will not leak
even after the inflating syringe has been
removed because of the one way valve
in the pilot balloon.
• The pilot balloon, which remains
outside after the patient has been
intubated, shows the true
condition/status of the cuff(inside the
patient)- whether it is inflated or
deflated or leaking.
Uses:1. For Mechanical Ventilation
2. In case of Respiratory failure
3.During resuscitation
4.Direct suctioning of trachea in
meconium aspiration.
5.In Life threatening condition
6.In tetanus (however for long
term bases, tracheostomy is
preferable)
Complications:• Mechanical trauma to tongue,
teeth , palate , pharynx & larynx
during intubation procedure
• Stimulation of posterior of posterior
pharyngeal wall leading to coughing
, vomiting or vasovagal episode
with resultant hypoxia ,
bradycardia.
Contraindications-:
4. Epistaxis
5.Laryngeal trauma
6. Oropharyngeal
trauma
7. Apneic patients
Summary-: