BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Architecture and Fine Arts
City of Malolos, Bulacan
A SUSTAINABLE AETA COMMUNITY: REGENERATION
OF BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
LA 421-423D
Landscape Design 8 – Research on Special Topics
AY 2022-2023
Presented by:
PAULA DOMINIQUE E. CALALANG
ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G. EUGENIO
JOYCE ELISHA M. HUFANCIA
BLA 4A
Submitted to:
L. Archt., En. P. Angelo Paulo A. Mogul, MTLA
Adviser
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Bulacan State University
College of Architecture and Fine Arts
B Landscape Architecture Program
MAY 2023
Certificate of Acceptance
Upon the recommendation of the Panel of Jurors, following the successful presentation and
defense of the thesis entitled:
B Landscape Architecture
Thesis A.Y. 2022-2023
A SUSTAINABLE AETA COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN THE ANCESTRAL LAND
OF BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES THROUGH
ACCELERATING ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
and having found the thesis to meet the standards of the College, the same is hereby accepted
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of B Landscape Architecture.
_________________________________
L. Ar., En. P. Angelo Paulo Mogul
Thesis Adviser
_________________________________
Ar., En. P. Godesil Lejarde
Dean
2|Page
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Bulacan State University
College of Architecture and Fine Arts
B Landscape Architecture Program
This is to certify the graduate thesis of
PAULA DOMINIQUE E. CALALANG
ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G. EUGENIO
JOYCE ELISHA M. HUFANCIA
was successfully presented in oral defense and having met
the standards of the College is hereby accepted by the
Panel of Jurors on MAY 04, 2023.
_______________________
L. Ar. Ruen Balmores
Chairperson
_______________________
________________________
L. Ar. En., P. Christine E. Talidong
L. Ar. Mark Kenneth Tan
Panel Member
Panel Member
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
DEDICATION
I, Paula Dominique E. Calalang (one of the researchers), dedicate this research study to
my sisters, Patricia Lemmor Calalang and Catherine Joy Macawili, who have been financially
and morally supportive throughout every step of the way, staying with me through the sleepless
nights and assisting me in deciding what to include in my research study. I also dedicate this
to my family: my mother, Joly Esperanza; my father, Rommel Calalang; my grandmothers,
Laura Calalang and Delia Calalang; and my aunts, Marilyn Pita and Malou Calalang, who
always believe in me and sincerely support me to push through the things I didn't know I was
capable of accomplishing. All of the sacrifices and efforts are for all of you.
I, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio (one of the researchers), dedicate my final thesis to my
loving family, who has been my unwavering support throughout my academic journey. Their
constant encouragement, love, and guidance have helped me stay focused and motivated to
achieve my goals. I cannot thank my parents enough for instilling in me the value of education
and pushing me to strive for excellence. They have been my role models and have taught me
the importance of hard work and perseverance. I also extend my heartfelt gratitude to my
siblings and extended family members, who have always been there for me, cheering me on
every step of the way. Their unwavering support and belief in my abilities have given me the
confidence to pursue my dreams. I am grateful for the sacrifices they have made and the
countless hours they have spent listening to me and helping me brainstorm ideas. This thesis is
a testament to their support and love, and I am honored to have them in my life.
I, Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia (one of the researchers), dedicate this study to all the people
who helped me and did not give up on me to finish my bachelor's degree. Most especially to
those people who have been my source of strength and inspiration at the time when I needed it
the most and who have continually provided me with emotional and financial support. Those
people are my biological parents, Melody Medenilla and Romel Hufancia; my aunties, Pia Lee
Calalang and Joan Gudgad; my grandparents, Teodora and Nelson Gudgad; my siblings,
Joshua, John Earl, and Jeanette Hufancia; my godfather, Nestor Layderos; my friends, Athena
Maureen Erfe and Sean Mamawag; and my significant other, Angelo Zapanta. I couldn't finish
this without you, so I offer all of these to you.
We, the researchers, dedicate this research study to the people and areas still profoundly
affected by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, as well as to the municipality of Botolan in Zambales
4|Page
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
and its people, particularly the Aeta people, who have been the most involved and benefited
from this study. We appreciate the Aeta people's coordination and collaboration with us,
especially those who assisted us throughout our three site visits as they strongly believed in us
and our study.
5|Page
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We, the researchers, would like to thank the Barangay Moraza LGU, Barangay Belbel
LGU, Barangay Burgos LGU, Barangay Villar LGU, Municipal Government of Botolan, and
Provincial Government of Zambales, especially Ma'am Christine (Urban Planning
Development Office of Botolan), Sir Joey Albior (Zambales Department of Agriculture), and
Kapitana of Barangay Moraza for assisting and accommodating us to their barangays,
municipality, and province. Also, for acknowledging us and our research considering their
town is our study area, and for being responsive to all of the data we required for the study.
We would also like to acknowledge the National Department of Agriculture's Bureau of
Soils and Water Management and the National Department of Environment and Natural
Resources' Bureau of Environment Management, particularly Ms. Bella H. Noceda and Ms.
Djolly Ma. Dinamling, thank you for always being helpful and sharing your knowledge and
expertise with us through a face-to-face interview, as well as for providing us with a book
(Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches and Technologies).
Additionally, we would like to thank our university and college department for allowing us
to conduct this research and gain valuable experience in our chosen profession. We'd also want
to express our gratitude to our adviser, L. Ar., En. P. Angelo Paulo Mogul, who always advises
and teaches us what we should and should not do with our study, as well as assisting us
throughout the entire process and always being available when we need a consultation. Also,
to our consultant, L. Ar. Bari Nicolas Panopio, for also encouraging and helping us, and
especially for always catering to our thesis questions even after past midnight, and to our
professor, L. Ar. Ruen Balmores, for also instructing us on how to do our research
appropriately. In closing, we are grateful for our professors, who generously dedicate their time
and expertise to guide and support us in our final thesis. Their contributions have been
instrumental in helping us develop a comprehensive understanding of the complex world of
landscape architecture and design. Their unwavering dedication, professionalism, and patience
have been crucial in providing us with valuable insights and guidance throughout the research
process. They have gone above and beyond to provide us with constructive feedback,
challenging us to think critically and creatively, and pushing us to deliver the best possible
output. Their passion for landscape architecture and their commitment to education have been
truly inspiring and have motivated us to strive for excellence in our work.
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ABSTRACT
The process through which various natural communities gradually displace (or "succeed")
one another is known as ecological succession. In ecological models, the opposing force of
succession is referred to as disturbance. It could take decades, or perhaps millennia, for this
succession to succeed. Accelerating Ecological Succession, on the other hand, is a concept
found in the Permaculture Design Principles that allows for the creation of a multi-tiered
structure without having to wait for each stage of the natural process to be completed before
beginning the next.
The Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991 destroyed much of the island of Luzon, particularly the
Aeta people's ancestral lands in Botolan, Zambales, where the volcano is located, displacing
the community and leaving them food insecure considering their food gathering culture is
dependent on the Pinatubo's biodiversity for survival. The regeneration of this ancestral land
by accelerating the ecological succession that is now taking place in the area can relieve the
long-standing problem of the Aeta community mentioned above.
The researchers used qualitative technique to collect data from face-to-face interviews
(with Aeta elders and specialists in agriculture, ecology, and environmental planning), archival
studies and documents, and a soil test. The discussion with Aetas provided the researchers with
information about the area's native and existing plant and animal species, as well as the area's
past and present conditions. They also expressed their thoughts and ideas on establishing a new
Aeta community in the area once the study was completed. While the specialists interviewed
recommended contour farming, seed production, multi-cropping, and agroforestry. The
archival studies and documents provided the researchers with firsthand and accurate
information on the research area. According to the soil test report, the soil in the area lacks
potassium and organic matter, which can be remedied with fertilizers and agricultural
techniques.
Following the collection of all data, the researchers proposed the implementation of
agroforestry and community planning in the area (Brgy. Villar, Botolan, Zambales), as well as
incorporating all of the strategies suggested for accelerating succession for the Aetas who will
be returning to their ancestral homes once the study is completed. The village was specifically
designed to address Aeta's needs, which can sustain future generations as well as the area's
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ecology with the help of its inhabitants. This improves the Aetas' quality of life, regenerates
their food gathering culture, which also enriches Philippine culture, and restores biodiversity
not only in the municipality but also in the country, as the site contains a large area of forest
zones and is one of the country's protected places due to its proximity to Mt. Pinatubo.
Keywords: Ecological Succession, Permaculture, Mount Pinatubo, Ancestral Land, and
Agroforestry
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
|
INTRODUCTION
I.
INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………15
II.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY…………………………………….18
III.
PROBLEM SETTING…………………………………………………..19
IV.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM…………………………………..20
V.
RESEARCH GOAL AND OBJECTIVES…………………………….21
VI.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY……………………………………21
VII.
ASSUMPTIONS, STUDY AREA, DEFINITION OF TERMS
AND GLOSSARY OF TERMS………………………………………...22
VIII.
SCOPE, DELIMITATION, AND LIMITATION…………………….25
|
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
I.
RELATED LITERATURE ……………………………………………28
II.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK…………………………………….39
|
METHODOLOGY
I.
METHODOLOGY .……………………………………………………42
II.
DATA GATHERING…………………………………………………..44
III.
STUDY AREA………………………………………………………….49
IV.
DATA ANALYZATION……………………………………………….67
V.
METHODOLOGY LIMITATION……………………………………68
|
DATA GATHERING
I.
PRESENTATION OF DATA …………………………………………70
II.
PRESENTATION OF PRIMARY DATA ……………………………70
III.
ARCHIVAL RESEARCH DATA……………………………………..89
IV.
LABORATIRY TEST RESULT……………………………………...127
|
ANALYSIS OF DATA
I.
DATA ANALYSIS...…………………………………………………..130
II.
THEMATIC ANALYSIS …………………………………………….132
III.
DATA ANALYSIS FOR ARCHIVAL STUDIES…………………...138
IV.
LABORATORY TEST RESULT ANALYSIS……………………....149
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
CHAPTER 6
|
SYNTHESIS THROUGH DESIGN SOLUTIONS
I.
SYNTHESIS …………………………………………………………...153
II.
SITE DESCRIPTION………………………………………………….153
III.
SITE INVENTORY……………………………………………………154
IV.
SITE ANALYSIS………………………………………………………157
V.
SWOT ANALYSIS…………………………………………………….158
VI.
ACCELERATING ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE AND SCHEMATICS………159
VII.
DESIGN………………………………………………………………...164
VIII.
TRANSLATION OF THE DESIGN………………………………….169
LIST OF PLANS:
MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN…………………………..................................LA1-01-01
RESIDENTIAL AREA BLOW-UP PLAN………………………………………...LA2-01-01
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK BLOW-UP PLAN……………………………..LA2-02-02
COMMUNITY CENTER BLOW-UP PLAN……………………………………...LA2-03-03
CHURCH AREA BLOW-UP PLAN……………………………………………….LA2-04-04
AMPHITHEATER BLOW-UP PLAN……………………………………………..LA2-05-05
SITE GRADING - CUT AND FILL………………………………………………..LA3-01-01
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN………………………………………………...LA3-02-02
SITE GRADING - PROPOSED CONTOUR……………………………………...LA3-03-03
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN………………………………………………..LA3-04-04
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN………………………………………………..LA3-05-05
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN……………………….……………………….LA3-06-06
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN………………………………………………..LA3-07-07
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN………………………………………………..LA3-08-08
RESIDENTIAL AREA STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN A…………………………LA4-01-01
RESIDENTIAL AREA STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN B…………………………LA4-02-02
RESIDENTIAL AREA STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN C…………………………LA4-03-03
COMMUNITY CENTER STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN………………………...LA4-04-04
COMMUNITY CENTER STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN B………………………LA4-05-05
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN A……………LA4-06-06
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN B……………LA4-07-07
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN A……………..LA4-08-08
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK STAKING BLOW-UP PLAN B……………..LA4-09-09
RESERVOIR SHRUB PLANTING PLAN………………………………………..LA5-01-01
COMMUNITY PARK SHRUB PLANTING PLAN………………………………LA5-02-02
RESIDENTIAL AREA SHRUB PLANTING PLAN……………………………..LA5-03-03
RESERVOIR TREE PLANTING PLAN………………………………………….LA5-04-04
COMMUNITY PARK TREE PLANTING PLAN………………………………..LA5-05-05
RESIDENTIAL TREE PLANTING PLAN……………………………………….LA5-06-06
SHRUBS CONSOLIDATED PLANT LIST A…………………………………….LA5-07-07
SHRUBS CONSOLIDATED PLANT LIST B…………………………………….LA5-08-08
TREES CONSOLIDATED PLANT LIST…………………………………………LA5-09-09
RESIDENTIAL AREA HARDSCAPE PLAN…………………………………….LA6-01-01
AMPHITHEATER HARDSCAPE PLAN…………………………………………LA6-02-02
CHURCH HARDSCAPE PLAN…………………………………………………...LA6-03-03
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK HARDSCAPE PLAN…………………………LA6-04-04
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
TRANSPORT TERMINAL HARDSCAPE PLAN………………………………..LA6-05-05
COMMUNITY MARKET HARDSCAPE PLAN…………………………………LA6-06-06
MAINTENANCE PLAN……………………………………………………………..(211-216)
COMMUNITY CENTER WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN…………..LA7-01-01
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN…..LA7-02-02
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN...LA7-03-03
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN…..LA7-04-04
COMMUNITY CENTER LIGHTING PLAN…………………………………….LA8-01-01
COMMUNITY CENTER LIGHTING PLAN………………………….…………LA8-02-02
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE LIGHTING PLAN…………………………..LA8-03-03
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK LIGHTING PLAN…………………………….LA8-04-04
SECTION ELEVATION - RETENTION POND…………………………………LA9-01-01
SECTION ELEVATION - RETENTION POND…………………………………LA9-02-02
SECTION ELEVATION – AMPHITHEATER…………………………………..LA9-03-03
SECTION ELEVATION – AMPHITHEATER…………………………………...LA9-04-04
SECTION ELEVATION - RESIDENTIAL ARE………………………………... LA9-05-05
SECTION ELEVATION - RESIDENTIAL AREA……………………………….LA9-06-06
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS…………………………………………………….LA10-01-01
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS…………………………………………………….LA10-02-02
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS…………………………………………………….LA10-03-03
PERSPECTIVE……………………………………………………………………LA11-01-01
PERSPECTIVE……………………………………………………………………LA11-02-02
PERSPECTIVE.…………………………………………………………………...LA11-03-03
PERSPECTIVE……………………………………………………………………LA11-04-04
CHAPTER 7
|
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
I.
CONCLUSION …………………………………………………………239
II.
RECOMENDATIONS………………………………………………….240
BIBLIOGRAPHY...........................................................................................................243
APPENDICES..................................................................................................................249
LIST OF TABLES
TAB. 3.1. Potential Sites in Botolan Zambales……………………………………………..55
TAB. 3.2. Site Suitability Test……………………………………………………………….65
TAB. 3.3. Site Suitability Test Evaluation………………………………………………….66
TAB. 4.1. Ancestral Domain………………………………………………………………...90
TAB. 4.2. Slope Category……………………………………………………………………93
TAB. 4.3. Rain Induced Landslide Susceptibility Areas…………………………………..95
TAB. 4.4. Volcanic Hazards Susceptibility Areas………………………………………….96
TAB. 4.5. Land Cover by Type……………………………………………………………...98
TAB. 4.6. Network of Protected Areas…………………………………………………….105
TAB. 4.7. Inventory of Road by Length and Surface Type………………………………108
TAB. 4.8. Soil Description………………………………………………………………….110
TAB. 4.9. Soil Erosion……………………………………………………………………....111
TAB. 4.10. Watersheds……………………………………………………………………..112
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
TAB. 4.11. Angeles Fine Sand Characteristics by Depth………………………………...116
TAB. 4.12. Villar Sandy Loam Characteristics by Depth………………………………..117
TAB. 4.13. Production and Socio-economic Benefits of Seed Production………………123
TAB. 4.14. Socio-cultural Benefits of Seed Production…………………………………..123
TAB. 4.15. Ecological Benefits of Seed Production……………………………………….123
TAB. 4.16. Benefits According to Land Users of Seed Production………………………123
TAB. 4.17. Production and Socio-economic Benefits of Contour Farming……………..125
TAB. 4.18. Socio-cultural Benefits of Contour Farming…………………………………126
TAB. 4.19. Ecological Benefits of Contour Farming……………………………………...126
TAB. 4.20. Benefits According to Land Users of Contour Farming………………….....126
TAB. 5.1. (Aetas’ Face-to-Face Interview) Biodiversity Theme………………………....132
TAB. 5.2. (Aetas’ Face-to-Face Interview) Traditional Practices Theme……………….133
TAB. 5.3. (Aetas’ Face-to-Face Interview) Modern Way of Living Theme……………..134
TAB. 5.4. (Aetas’ Face-to-Face Interview) Perspective on the Study Theme……………134
TAB. 5.5. (Aetas’ Face-to-Face Interview) Post recovery Initiatives Theme…………....135
TAB. 5.6. (Professionals’ Face-to-Face Interview) Indigenous People Theme………….136
TAB. 5.7. (Professionals’ Face-to-Face Interview) Agriculture Theme………………....137
TAB. 5.8. (Professionals’ Face-to-Face Interview) Ancestral Domain Land Theme…...139
TAB. 5.9. (Professionals’ Face-to-Face Interview) Ancestral Domain Soil Theme……..140
TAB. 5.10. (Professionals’ Face-to-Face Interview) Ancestral Domain Water Theme...141
TAB. 5.11. Technologies on Upland – Hilly Land………………………………………...143
TAB. 5.12. Accelerating ecological Succession…………………………………………...146
TAB. 5.13. Summarized Soil Chemical Test Report……………………………………..149
TAB. 5.14. Optimum Chemical Level Scale………………………………………………149
TAB. 6.1. Flora and Fauna of Brgy. Villar………………………………………………..154
TAB. 6.2. Solutions for Deficient Chemicals……………………………………………...161
TAB. 6.3. Potential Species for Agroforestry……………………………………………..162
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG. 2.1. Accelerating Ecological Succession Framework……………………………….39
FIG. 3.1. Data Gathering Procedure Flow Chart………………………………………...44
FIG. 3.2. Face-to-Face Interview Flow Chart…………………………………………….45
FIG. 3.3. Archival Data Flow Chart……………………………………………………….46
FIG. 3.4. Laboratory Test Flow Chart…………………………………………………….47
FIG. 3.5. Municipality of Botolan (via Google Maps)…………………………………….50
FIG. 3.6. Site Selection Spatial Extent……………………………………………………..51
FIG. 3.7. Site Selection Spatial Extent Blow Up…………………………………………..52
FIG. 3.8. Potential Sites……………………………………………………………………..54
FIG. 3.9. Site A……………………………………………………………………………....55
FIG. 3.10. Site B……………………………………………………………………………..57
FIG. 3.11. Site C……………………………………………………………………………..60
FIG. 3.12. Site D……………………………………………………………………………..62
FIG. 4.1. Map of Ancestral Domain………………………………………………………..91
FIG. 4.2. Climate Map………………………………………………………………………92
FIG. 4.3. Slope Map…………………………………………………………………………94
FIG. 4.4. Volcanic Hazards Map…………………………………………………………...97
FIG. 4.5. Land Cover Map………………………………………………………………….99
FIG. 4.6. Existing Land Use Map………………………………………………………….102
FIG. 4.7. Network of Protected Areas Map……………………………………………….105
FIG. 4.8. Zoning Map………………………………………………………………………106
FIG. 4.9. Forest Zone Map…………………………………………………………………107
FIG. 4.10. Road Network Map…………………………………………………………….109
FIG. 4.11. Soil Map………………………………………………………………………...111
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
FIG. 4.12. Soil Erosion Potential Map……………………………………………………112
FIG. 4.13. Watersheds and River Systems Map…………………………………………113
FIG. 4.14. Groundwater Availability Map……………………………………………….114
FIG. 4.15. Technical Drawing of Seed Production………………………………………122
FIG. 4.16. Technical Drawing of Contour Farming……………………………………..124
FIG. 4.17. Soil Sampling Site A…………………………………………………………...127
FIG. 4.18. Soil Sampling Site B…………………………………………………………...128
FIG. 4.19. Soil Chemical Test Report…………………………………………………….128
FIG. 5.1. Process Flow Chart of Accelerating Ecological Succession…………………..145
FIG. 5.2. Deficient Chemical Level Identified…………………………………………....151
FIG. 6.1. Gilata Shell………………………………………………………………………167
FIG. 6.2. Sample Zoning Layout for Master Development Plan………………………..170
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
I.
INTRODUCTION
Indigenous people are regarded as a living treasure in Philippine history since they were
some of the country's earliest known immigrants or residents and also because they persisted
in preserving and disseminating their indigenous knowledge to subsequent generations. They
choose to keep their traditions and practices, with the majority of them remaining staunch to
their ancestral lands. However, many of them have lost their natural habitats that led to a
cultural catastrophe as a result of numerous circumstances in many different aspects. According
to the International Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Indigenous people reside in
sensitive ecosystems and are heavily reliant on natural resources for their livelihoods and
wellbeing. These make indigenous communities susceptible to disasters and the possibility of
displacement. Because of their environments, they are extremely vulnerable to natural disasters
that could cause internal displacement and eventually a cultural disaster.
The Aeta people are one of the several ethnic communities that inhabit the mountains of
the Philippine islands. As previously said, indigenous people like the Aetas depend on the
biodiversity of their current location for their subsistence and culture, which is why their
villages are frequently located in regions with significant biodiversity and remote from the
administrative capitals of both the past and present governments. As part of their culture, they
frequently raise root crops and other vegetables, go hunting and fishing, and harvest plants and
wild fruits from their surroundings. Nevertheless, there is a present cultural crisis affecting
indigenous populations, such as the Aeta community, which also results in a food shortage. For
indigenous people here in the Philippines, food security is more of a goal than a reality. A
major factor causing food insecurity and poverty among indigenous peoples is the loss of
ancestral land because of displacement by development projects and extractive industries such
as mining, dams, and logging or natural causes like the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo (Cariño, J.,
2012).
The largest Aeta community in the Philippines is located at Botolan, a municipality in
Zambales where Mount Pinatubo is also primarily located. The town had previously claimed
that it had the greatest mine deposits, the largest arable lands, the best fishing areas, and the
greatest supply of lumber and other forest goods (Municipal Government of Botolan, Zambales
Citizen’s Charter, 2021). The Zambales Range, which includes Mt. Pinatubo's slopes, was
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formerly entirely covered in forest, providing abundant chances for hunting and gathering
(Seitz, S., 1998). As a result, the Aetas, a people whose way of life is centered on the mountain
and who were only hunters and gatherers of food in the past, rely heavily on the Pinatubo
vegetation to survive (Marler, T., 2011). They have lived in this ecosystem relatively isolated,
apart from the lowland settlements of Christian Filipino farmers. The mountain they relied on,
however, suddenly erupted, altering the lives of the people in the Aeta community for good
and made them instantly uninhabitable.
The Pinatubo eruption in 1991 is both the largest explosion to harm a highly populated area
and the second-largest volcanic eruption of this century. It wiped out 14 settlements in Botolan
area alone and around 18,000 hectares of forest in the Zambales highlands, Pampanga, and
Tarlac were also covered by ash fall (Mercado, R., Lacsamana, J., Pineda, G., 1999). The aetas
were unintentionally relocated as a response to this terrible incident, but the evacuation had
been challenging because some of them had resisted leaving to defend their territory. The Aeta
people's culture and methods of food collection have been heavily impacted by this shift.
According to Jeffry Acaba (2008), The Aetas view relocation significantly like other
indigenous groups and peoples, who are firmly trying to prevent themselves from being
displaced. Relocation appears to carry a significant risk for indigenous peoples. They do not
define the meaning of the word "relocation" based on its technical definitions. Their
perceptions of and experiences with its effects on their lives, their people, and their culture
form the very definition of the word "relocation." They believed that moving would violate
their rights to their ancestral lands and domains, destroying their culture and accelerating the
process of extinction.
Despite the unfortunate incident, in January 2010, the President's Office, the National
Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP), and Project Development Institute (PDI) granted
1,501 Aeta families the Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title, restoring the Aeta community's
ownership of their land (CADT). The Aetas' ownership over and right to utilize their ancestral
territory is confirmed by a property title known as the CADT. The CADT-068 is the pinnacle
of the Aetas' persistent resistance, which began with Mount Pinatubo's eruption in 1991.
(Project Development Institute, 2010). According to Carlito Domulot (2010), chairman of
BUKAL (Bukluran ng mga Katutubo sa Luzon), through agroforestry, diversified farming, and
sustainable agriculture, the Aetas will develop their ancestral domain. To restore biodiversity
on Mount Pinatubo, they will transplant rare kinds of trees and medicinal plants that they have
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recovered and kept in nurseries. But recently, Tonette Orejas (2021) from the Philippine Daily
Inquirer stated on her article entitled “Pinatubo Aetas still far from home” that, "To this day,
no state agency has implemented a post-disaster recovery program giving Aetas a say on what
to do with the land of their old Baytan," and that the reality that such a situation still exists 30
years after the Pinatubo eruption only serves to highlight the fact that, in the opinion of the
tribal chiefs, there was no long-term strategy for an organized return of the Aetas. Some Aeta
families have returned there permanently due to the need to find land to cultivate, the desire to
become self-sufficient through farming, and the need to secure their place in the ancestral
domains, while others, in greater numbers, are forced to live practically in two very different
places.
In the crater of Mount Pinatubo, which was blanketed in ash and lava flows that solidified
into rock, much of the wildlife had been wiped out following the eruption, claims the article
Effects of Mt. Pinatubo (n.d.). Even so, the creatures that were discovered near the volcano
survived well. It can be observed that there is a case of primary succession inside the crater.
Around the volcano a secondary succession is also evident. In the study titled "Primary
Succession on Mount Pinatubo," Thomas Marler and Roger de Moral (2013) also noted that
the vegetation on Mount Pinatubo's east flank was examined to determine the species inventory
at 15 years after eruption and to identify environmental factors that may have influenced the
early patterns of primary succession. Mastering ecosystem dynamics and effectively protecting
or restoring natural communities depend on an understanding of how succession occurs in a
range of ecosystems, such as in the case of Mt. Pinatubo. Studying succession can also offer
important lessons for repairing natural systems: By exercising cautious management, people
can support ecological communities in remaining resilient. (University of Chicago, n.d.). The
researchers believe that certain knowledge about accelerating the process of ecological
succession and integrating other landscape strategies onto it can help solve the long-standing
problem of the cultural catastrophe of the Aeta community with their ancestral lands in Botolan,
Zambales, as the study aims to find solutions to restore the natural environment of the Pinatubo
and bring back the natural habitat of the Aetas so they can enrich their culture and regain their
food security.
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II.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The population of the Aeta community is currently experiencing a cultural catastrophe,
which makes them susceptible to food insecurity because of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption that
happened in 1991. It damaged the natural resources that the mountain's inhabitants relied upon,
and up to this day, the environment on Mt. Pinatubo has not yet entirely recovered and no state
agency has put into place a post-disaster recovery program providing Aetas a say in what to do
with their ancestral lands. But due to the evidence of both primary and secondary succession
inside and around the volcano that has emerged since this tragic catastrophe occurred 31 years
ago, researchers have been motivated to find and mitigate solutions for the situation that has
plagued the Aeta community for the past 31 years.
The University of Chicago stated that it is crucial to comprehend how succession occurs in
a variety of ecosystems and what kinds of disturbances and time periods lead to the formation
of different plant and animal communities for scientists who want to comprehend ecosystem
dynamics and effectively protect or restore natural communities. Ecological succession, as
defined by the institution, is the process through which several natural communities eventually
displace (or "succeed") one another. The opposing force of succession is known as disturbance
in ecological models. However, when a disturbance like a volcanic eruption follows a natural
pattern, a quick rebound can occur and actually encourage succession, as is the case with the
eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, which was previously stated. Before this succession may succeed, it
may take decades or even centuries (Crouch, D., n.d.). As they advance through the many
stages of evolution to the ultimate climax stage, it typically takes a long time for them to
become established. Accelerating Ecological Succession, however, is a concept found in the
Permaculture Design Principles, wherein the process towards a climax community is done at
the same time which allows for the creation of a multi-tiered structure without having to wait
for each stage of the natural process to be finished before beginning the next (Deep Green
permaculture, 2009). By doing so, the succession process can be accelerated significantly and
the area's biodiversity, which is essential to the native population, can be restored.
According to Bill Mollison (n.d.), there are four objectives to fulfill the principle of
Accelerated Succession: Using what is already growing, introduce plants that will easily
survive, raising organic levels artificially, and substituting our own herb, pioneer, and climax
species. Bill Mollison believes that these actions, a human collaboration with nature, can hasten
the process and create an ecosystem in less than ten years. The researchers, however, will not
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be satisfied with just four stages. The chosen study region will recover considerably more
quickly, nevertheless, if the researchers uncover additional landscape strategies and approaches
that can be integrated with the principle of accelerated ecological succession.
III.
PROBLEM SETTING
The municipality of Botolan in Zambales is where Mt. Pinatubo is located. It is the largest
municipality in the province in terms of land area and boasts the largest Aeta village in the
country. It is situated not far from Iba, the provincial capital of Zambales (Peoples
Development Institute, 2022). It is also a first-class municipality, founded on May 1, 1819 by
Francisco Caguineman. It was named "Botolan" after a variety of banana plant with sweet
seedy fruit known as "Botolan" in the vernacular that grew in abundance along the western side
of the stream, which now marks the town's eastern boundary (Municipal Government of
Botolan, Zambales Citizen’s Charter, 2021). It has a population of 66,739 people according to
the 2020 census and is notable for its large Aeta population, broad gray sand beaches, and as
the location of Mount Pinatubo (Wikipedia, 2022).
As the Pinatubo primarily resides in the municipality, Botolan people, especially the large
community of aetas are the heavily affected by the eruption that happened on 1991. The
Pinatubo eruption is both the largest explosion to harm a highly populated area and the secondlargest volcanic eruption of this century. The eruption left behind gigantic mudflows, highspeed avalanches of hot ash and gas, and a cloud of volcanic ash hundreds of kilometers wide.
Around Mount Pinatubo, ash layers at least 5 cm deep covered 4,000 square kilometers of land,
destroying nearby crops and other plant life. Around 18,000 hectares of forest in the Zambales
highlands of Botolan and San Marcelino, in Pampanga's Porac and Floridablanca, and in
Tarlac's Bamban and Capas were also covered by a 25 cm ash fall (Mercado, R., Lacsamana,
J., Pineda, G., 1999).
On January 14, 2010, the President's Office, the National Commission on Indigenous
Peoples (NCIP), and Project Development Institute (PDI) awarded 1,501 Aeta families with
the Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT). A property title known as the CADT
confirms the Aetas' ownership to and right to use their ancestral domain. The Aetas' tenacious
resistance, which started with Mount Pinatubo's eruption in 1991, has culminated with the
CADT-068. The four barangays of Villar, Burgos, Moraza, and Belbel in Botolan, Zambales
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are included in the approved and proclaimed land area of 15,860 hectares. The title is free and
clear of all encumbrances, and all other claims to the ancestral realm have been separated and
resolved. (Project Development Institute, 2010)
The Aeta community now has ownership rights over their ancestral properties, but they still
face challenges because Botolan, Zambales is still engulfed in ash, lahar, and black sand. The
PHILVOCS stated in their article on September 20, 2022 that the prolonged and intense rainfall
may generate non-eruption lahars on major rivers draining western Pinatubo Volcano where
significant deposits of the 1991 PDCs remain on the watershed. Pinatubo lahars are likely be
channel-confined and occur on the upper to middle reaches of the Sto. Tomas- Marella and
Bucao River systems but may transition to muddy stream flows and floods on the lower reaches
and affect adjacent communities of San Marcelino, San Narciso, San Felipe and Botolan,
Zambales Province. Further evidence that there was no long-term plan for an organized return
of the Aetas is provided by the fact that such a situation still persists 30 years after the Pinatubo
eruption. Due to the need to find land to cultivate, the desire to become self-sufficient through
farming, and the need to secure their place in the ancestral domains, some Aeta families have
returned there permanently. However, other, more numerous Aeta families are practically
forced to live in different locations, as stated in the article entitled "Pinatubo Aetas are still far
from home." Furthermore, no governmental agency has yet created a post-disaster recovery
program that gives Aetas a vote on what to do, according to Tonette Orejas of the Philippine
Daily Inquirer (2021).
IV.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The ecological disturbance caused by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption destroyed the Aeta people's
ancestral lands in Botolan, Zambales, leaving the community in food insecurity since their food
gathering culture relies on the Pinatubo's biodiversity for survival.
Sub-problems:
1. The impacts of Mount Pinatubo's eruption on the biodiversity of the affected areas in
Botolan, Zambales.
2. The aftereffects of Mt. Pinatubo’s eruption on the food gathering culture by the
indigenous Aeta in Botolan, Zambales.
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3. Programs and regulations of the Local Government Units (LGUs) of Botolan, Zambales
for unexpected volcanic hazards.
4. Techniques and/or Strategies that can be integrated into the Principle of Accelerated
Succession.
5. The benefits and drawbacks of the Mt. Pinatubo lahar on the soil situation in Botolan,
Zambales.
V.
RESEARCH GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
The revival of the Aetas' food gathering culture and the regeneration of the biodiversity of
the ancestral land that a volcanic eruption transformed into a lahar zone by accelerating the
ecological succession already occurring in the area.
1. To determine the appropriate strategies and approaches for developing a credible plan
for the restoration of its pre-eruption biodiversity.
2. To bring back their natural habitat and reclaim their food gathering culture before the
eruption.
3. To know the safety precautions under the Philippine Environmental Law and to
enhance the successful post-recovery solutions implemented by the Local Government
Units (LGUs).
4. To formulate and adapt design strategies and techniques to accelerate ecological
succession that is currently happening around Mt. Pinatubo.
5. To provide a thorough understanding of how to apply landscape techniques to the
current soil situation in Botolan, Zambales.
VI.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Indigenous Aetas of Botolan, Zambales
The researchers aim to provide a solution to the ecological disturbance caused by the Mt.
Pinatubo eruption that has been encountered by the Aeta people in Botolan, Zambales, who are
the primary beneficiaries of this research. By formulating and adapting design strategies and
techniques to accelerate ecological succession in the study area, this will benefit the Aeta
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community because it will bring back their culture's traditional use of natural resources, which
they were using before the Mt. Pinatubo eruption happened.
Local Government Units (LGUs)
The Local Government Units (LGUs) in Botolan, Zambales, may use the results of this
study as the foundation for their future planning and project initiatives. The Local Government
Units (LGUs) will benefit from this study by continuing to serve the public and local needs,
particularly those of the Indigenous Aeta of the Philippines in Botolan, Zambales, and by
maintaining the administrative purpose of service.
Environmental Planners, Ecologists, Agriculturists, Foresters, Landscape Architects and
Landscape Architecture Students
This research will serve as a case study for urban planners, landscape architects, and
students of landscape architecture who aim to do research on the use of accelerated ecological
succession in a study area or landscape where an ecological disturbance occurred. They will
benefit from the study because it will offer pertinent information and design strategies and
techniques based on accurate facts and in-depth investigations that address the same type of
research problem in a certain field of the study.
Future Researchers
This research will serve as a case study for future researchers that have the same nature of
study intended to accelerate ecological succession in a specific type of study area where an
ecological disturbance happened. They will benefit from the study because it will offer
pertinent information and data gathered by the researchers that can be used as a guide for data
gathering and review of related literature for their study.
VII.
ASSUMPTIONS/ STUDY AREA/ DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS/GLOSSARY
OF TERMS
Assumptions
The researchers' assumptions if the study will not be undertaken in the area are as follows:
(1.) The area might stay as a lahar field, and restoring its biodiversity prior to the eruption could
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take a century. (2.) The food gathering culture and traditions of the Aeta may never return to
what they were prior to the volcanic explosion. (3.) If the issue is not resolved, the lahar flow
that occurs during the rainy season will continue and continue to impact the communities it
travels through. However, if the study were conducted and accelerated ecological succession
techniques and strategies have been applied to the study area the assumptions are: (1.) The
area's current environment will be improved, and other landscape techniques and strategies that
will be used to accelerate ecological succession may help the land regain its biodiversity
following the Mt. Pinatubo eruption; (2.) It will re-establish the Aetas’ food gathering culture
that was affected by the volcanic eruption; (3.) It will reduce lahar flow during the rainy season
after the study is implemented; (4.) The area has opted to become a nature conservation area to
safeguard the Aetas’ culture and the re-established environment/ecosystem.
Study Area
The four (4) barangays of Villar, Burgos, Moraza, and Belbel in Botolan, Zambales which
were severely impacted by the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption have been chosen as the study
area. The research seeks to uncover solutions to accelerate the ecological succession that is
already taking place within the area to recover its environment before the volcanic eruption
and in order to assist the Aeta community recapture their food gathering culture. Given that the
chosen study area is 15,860 hectares in totality and all the barangays have the same difficulties,
the researchers will only concentrate on one of the barangays. The conclusions and methods
that will be put to use in the selected barangay can also be applied to the other three barangays
that make up the chosen study region.
Definition of Terms
Accelerating ecological succession – is accelerating the process of ecological recovery within
an ecologically disturbed place.
Aeta Community – group of indigenous Aeta people that are inhabitant in the mountains of
Central and Southern Zambales.
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Aftereffects of volcanic eruption – the result of Mt. Pinatubo's eruption to the Aeta people
and to the affected ancestral lands in Botolan.
Cultural catastrophe – is a cultural change in the Aeta community that is caused by an
ecological disturbance.
Ecological disturbance or disruption – has occurred during the Mt. Pinatubo eruption that
caused a pronounced change in the environment and ecosystem.
Reclamation of the culture – is bringing back the traditional use of natural resources by the
Aeta people.
Revitalization of wasteland – is the process of reclaiming wasteland that has been damaged
by an ecological disturbance.
Traditional use of natural resources – relying mainly on the Pinatubo vegetation to survive
in terms of agriculture, food gathering, and their habitat.
Volcanic hazards – are non-eruption Pinatubo lahars on major rivers that are caused by
prolonged and intense rainfall and may generate muddy streamflows and floods.
Wasteland – the volcanic eruption has scattered ash across the vast area around Mt. Pinatubo,
and the lahar has washed down to the slopes and rivers, turning the farmland into a wasteland.
Glossary of Terms
Ancestral Lands – lands and territories that belong to indigenous people.
Biodiversity – the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Ethnic Minority – is a group of people in a larger society that is set apart and bound together
with common or shared culture, language, tradition, history, etc.
Food Insecurity – the absence of reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable,
nutritious food.
Lahar – a violent mudflow consisting of pyroclastic material, volcanic debris, and water.
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Natural Resources – the materials that have been obtained from the natural environment.
Primary Succession – the initial phase of ecological succession following a significant
disturbance typically occurs in an environment devoid of plants and other organisms.
Secondary Succession – is a process initiated by an event that decreases the number of species
in an established ecosystem.
Volcanic Eruption – is the emission of lava and gas from a volcano.
VIII. SCOPE, DELIMITATION AND LIMITATION
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
After the Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991, there has been a cultural change observed
within the Aeta community. This research aims to re - establish their food gathering culture by
gathering data on supplementary landscape strategies and techniques that can be incorporated
into the concept of accelerated succession to speed up the ecological succession already
occurring in the municipality of Botolan, Zambales. The researchers also seek to accumulate
certain information about culture and tradition from the Aeta elders considering that they were
present in Botolan, Zambales throughout the pre-eruption era and they are more knowledgeable
about their previous practices. However, provided that the four (4) barangays considered for
the study are extensive (15,860 hectares), the researchers chose to concentrate on only one (1)
barangay since all barangays share the same characteristics and experience the same issues.
The findings of this study will therefore still be applicable and can be replicated or used in the
other three (3) barangays. As a result, fewer studies can be cited, and analysis of nearby towns
and cities that have the same issue as the municipality will be disregarded.
Limitation of the Study
The limitations of the study are the restricted areas to the general public for precautionary
measures in Botolan, Zambales due to the recent volcanic hazards still happening on Mount
Pinatubo. Also, considering that the ancestral lands are now owned by the Aeta community,
the researchers will need the approval of the local government of Botolan to conduct and gather
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data in the area. Moreover, getting a Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and other
documents about Botolan, Zambales will be difficult since the municipality limits the access
to their documents and denies online requests. Therefore, the researchers will gather certain
information about the chosen study area on articles and studies that cannot be provided by their
Local Government.
Furthermore, the researchers will conduct a face-to-face interview with Aeta's elders and
will only rely on relevant studies for the area’s assessment and experiments and landscape
techniques done on the lahar fields within the vicinity. Provided that the Aetas have their own
language given that they belong to the Indigenous groups, language barrier can be an issue so
it is advisable for the researchers to hire a resident from Botolan for assistance in conducting
the face-to-face interview and scrutinizing around the study area.
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CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
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I.
RELATED LITERATURES
A. The impact of Mount Pinatubo’s eruption on the biodiversity of the affected areas
in Botolan, Zambales.

Guzman,
Eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in June 1991. De
E.
(n.d.).
Asian
Disaster
Reduction
Center.
https://www.adrc.asia/publications/recovery_reports/Pinatubo.pdf

Mammals of Mt. Pinatubo, Luzon Island, Philippines: Extreme
Resilience Following Catastrophic Disturbance. Rickart, E., Heaney, L., & Balete.
(n.d). Philippine Journal of Science: Vol. 150 No. S1. Special Issue on Biodiversity.
https://philjournalsci.dost.gov.ph/images/pdf
/pjs_pdf/vol150_S1_Phil_BiodiversityConservation/mammals_of_Mt_Pinatubo_L
uzon_Island_Phils_.pdf
Numerous municipalities in Central Luzon were affected by the eruption of Mount
Pinatubo, notably the municipality of Botolan in the province of Zambales, which was
severely devastated. As stated by Emmanuel de Guzman, the onslaught of lahars was
responsible for a more significant and persistent risk to human life, property, and the
environment. Within hours following the eruption, heavy rains began to sweep deposits
of volcanic ash and debris down the slopes and into the neighboring lowlands in the
form of enormous, rapidly moving mudflows. Lahars contain 40 percent by weight of
volcanic ash and rock. These raging mudslides can travel more than 50 miles at up to
40 miles per hour. With 90% volcanic material, lahars are the swiftest and most
devastating floods. When they reach the lowlands, they travel at rates exceeding 20
miles per hour and are up to 30 feet thick and 300 feet wide. They can transport over
35,000 cubic feet of debris and mud each second.
Moreover, reforestation efforts in the mountain range of Zambales have been
delayed as ash falls ruined 19,799 hectares of new plantations and 125 million
seedlings. Forty-three thousand eight hundred one (43,801) hectares of natural forest
and old plantations were damaged. Also, about 10,206 hectares of agro-forestry farms
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were devastated, which is a program of the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR). Furthermore, according to Eric Rickart, Lawrence Heaney, and
Danilo Balete, the devastating eruption of Mt. Pinatubo wiped out the forests and
affected the ecosystem of a large portion of Central Luzon. Prior to the explosion, Mt.
Pinatubo had a diversity of native mammals. In 2011 and 2012, we surveyed mammals
at places along an elevational gradient on the mountain's eastern slope, where
pyroclastic flows and subsequent lahars had devasted vegetation, and the environment
showed the earliest stages of plant succession.
In accordance with the research statement, the impact of Mount Pinatubo's eruption
on the biodiversity of Botolan, Zambales, and the other impacted region is determined.
It is stated that the pyroclastic flows and subsequent lahar that contributed to the
biodiversity condition after the eruption decimated native mammals and the local
ecosystem. However, early signs of plant succession have been observed in the area,
according to the report. This research can serve as a basis for determining the
appropriate strategies and approaches on developing a credible plan to accelerate the
ecological succession that is already occurring in the area for the restoration of its preeruption biodiversity.
B. The aftereffects of Mt. Pinatubo’s eruption on the traditional use of natural
resources by the indigenous Aeta in Botolan, Zambales

The Mount Pinatubo Disaster and the People of Central Luzon. Bautista,
C. (1999). Department of Sociology and Center for Integrative and Development
Studies: University of the Philippines. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/cbautist/

The Aeta – Pinatubo Loop. Marler, T. (2011). Communicative &
Integrative Biology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3306361/

Effects of Changing Landscapes on Hunting Practices among the Ayta
Sambal. (2022). Halcon, A., Gonzales, M., Ngales, M. & Astete, H. Lyceum of the
Philippines. https://bildbd.com/index.php/blj/article/view/5/3
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The research study Effects of Changing Landscapes on Hunting Practices among
the Aytas Sambal concluded that the destruction of the surrounding environment caused
by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption unexpectedly ended the Ayta Sambal's peaceful and
everyday living in their ancestral land. Thousands of Ayta Sambal families and people
of neighboring communities were forcibly displaced and evacuated. Throughout the
many phases of relocation, families were separated, and communities were fragmented.
Unfortunately, this did not save Ayta Sambal. Being a close-knit culture, the Ayta
Sambal was made more susceptible by the diaspora that followed the dispersal of
families and clans to various evacuation and settlement sites. According to the hunters,
living in settlements outside the mountains affected their hunting techniques. As
evacuees, the Ayta Sambal relied on government and private organizations for relief
supplies and other help. In addition, the volatility of the ecosystem, the death and
migration of animals, and the altered landscape caused difficulties for hunters. As a
result of these circumstances, the majority of men opted for risk-free employment rather
than hunting. Thus, the Ayta Sambal was forced to adapt and exist without the mountain
and forest for several months and years. This disconnection between the Ayta Sambal
and their environment disrupted the cultivation and transmission of their hunting
expertise. As the hunters worked in fields and construction, the children had fewer
opportunities to learn from them and attend hunting expeditions to emulate their
methods. At the same time, the women focused on homemaking and finding other ways
to help support the family.
In addition to what was mentioned above, Cynthia Bautista stated that of all those
afflicted, the Aytas, an indigenous tribe, were severely hit. Approximately 7,800 Ayta
households, or 35,000 people, were compelled to abandon their homes. Before the
explosion, Mount Pinatubo was the center of the Ayta's economic and cultural life.
They timed the planting and harvesting of their crops according to the volume of steam
continuously rising from the upper slope's natural vent. A relatively dense steam
indicated a bountiful harvest, but a thin one foretold a meager harvest (Lubos na
Alyansa ng mga Katutubong Ayta ng Zambales, LAKAS, 1991). They hunted on the
forested slopes of the volcano and fished in its drained rivers. The volcano was not only
the source of the Ayta's livelihood but also the dwelling place of their god, Apo
Namalyari, and the ancestral spirits.
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According to the study The Aeta - Pinatubo Loop, the Aeta tribe uses several
documented plant species for medical, utilitarian, or spiritual purposes. Our
understanding of how losing access to all biological resources affects Aeta's general
welfare is insufficient. The isolation from the land began with evacuation prior to the
eruption and resettlement afterward. Mount Pinatubo is the foundation of their identity,
and many Aeta who was temporarily relocated to government-mandated camps
returned to Mount Pinatubo.
The Mount Pinatubo eruption had an impact on the Aeta community's culture as
well as the traditional ways in which they used the area's natural resources. The greatest
Aeta population is found in Botolan, and the study claimed that since they are regarded
as hunters and gatherers who depend on the biodiversity of the mountain, their manner
of existence changed as a result of the eruption. However, after the eruption in 1991,
their culture, traditions, and way of life have changed. Based on the article, some of
them still lives in the settlement camp that is provided by both public and private
organizations. This article can serve as a starting point for researchers to come up with
ways to help the Aeta reclaim their culture before the eruption.
C. Programs and regulations of the Local Government Units (LGUs) of Botolan,
Zambales for unexpected volcanic hazards.

Disaster Risk Reduction in Lower San Juan, Botolan, Zambales: A
Success Story of 73 Hectares for Resettlement Peoples Development Institute.
(2022). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3306361/

Citizen’s Charter of Municipality of Botolan, Zambales. Municipal
Government of Botolan, Zambales. (2016). https://botolanzambales.com/wpcontent/uploads/2021/LGU_BOTOLAN_CITIZEN'S_CHARTER.pdf
The article stated that permanent relocation was the only viable option for the
government. Affected locals formed the Nagkakaisang Mamamayan ng Bagong San
Juan (NMBSJ). This organization was tasked with representing 1,674 families whose
homes were displaced and threatened by the Bucao River and lahar mudflows. NMBSJ
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was charged with continuing the campaign for resettlement and relocation away from
the perilous and low-lying Barangay lower San Juan.
However, According to the Citizen's Charter of Botolan, Zambales, The
government has responded with expensive restoration efforts, including relocation and
emergency engineering. The recovery action plan was developed to contribute to this
ongoing rehabilitation of 8 of the various long-term options for addressing this unique
situation. Resettlement areas are situated in Sitio Daplak Barangay Taugtog, Sitio
Baquilan in Barangay San Juan, and Sitio Loobbunga in Barangay Taugtog. The vast
majority of the settlers are either unemployed or doing part-time jobs. Most families
are involved in agriculture and rely on the productive land the government or any
agency can provide. Some dared to return to their native lands and plant root crops and
other crops to provide for their family. The majority of them are reliant on the
government for sustainable livelihood options.
The government's post-recovery initiatives are discussed in the two studies, and
researchers can utilize this knowledge to determine what solutions were used on the
site, what worked, and what did not. The ones that were successful can be enhanced
and also incorporated into the solution the researchers believed could resolve the longstanding issue of the study area and the Aeta community. The ones that did not work
out will not be tried to be done again on the site. However, this research will still take
into account safety precautions, Philippine environmental law, and researcher
restrictions.
D. Techniques and/or Strategies that can be integrated into the Principle of
Accelerated Succession.

Permaculture Design Principle 8 – Accelerating Succession and
Evolution. Deep Green Permaculture: Connecting People to Nature, Empowering
People
to
Live
Sustainability.
https://deepgreenpermaculture.com/permaculture/permaculture-designprinciples/8-accelerating-succession-and-evolution/
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
Intervention in Succession: A Method for Applying Succession Theory
in Landscape Design with a Focus on Vegetation Succession in Western
Washington. Horton, L. (2005). Washington State University: Department of
Horticulture and Landscape Architecture.

Plant Succession as a Tool in Landscape Design. Rostański, K. (2008).
Silesian University of Technology.

Philippine Case Study on Sustainable Land Management Approaches
and Technologies. Bureau of Soils and Water Management. (2017). Department of
Agriculture: Bureau of Agricultural Research.
The 1991 Mount Pinatubo explosion harmed the indigenous Aeta's access to natural
resources. The nature and ecosystem of the mountain ranges of Zambales have not fully
recovered to this day. However, some strategies and approaches can speed up the
ecological succession of Mount Pinatubo. According to the article Permaculture Design
Principle 8 – Accelerating Succession and Evolution, we can accelerate the forest
succession process and assist nature in establishing a forest system faster than would
occur naturally in a variety of ways:
1. Using existing plants to build – if the ground is cleared, nature will cover it with
pioneer plants, or 'weeds' before producing seed, most annual weeds can be mowed and
used as mulch. This will stop their reproduction and prevent regrowth. In nature, they
stabilize the soil, accumulate minerals, and generate rich soil when they die, making
them excellent mulch material for plants.
2. Introducing only hardy plants – We can plant hardy annuals and perennials in
areas where it is difficult to build a forest at once. Once established, they will boost soil
fertility and generate supportive microclimates, better sustaining the climax forest
species planted there later and increasing their survival chances. We chose plant species
based on soil types and conditions.
3. Raising the levels of organic matter in the soil artificially – in shallow or
damaged soil, plants do not grow as well, making it harder to develop a forest system.
Nature builds soil slowly and may be unable to rebuild it if the environment is damaged
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beyond repair. Instead of waiting for the soil to build naturally, which takes decades or
may never happen, we can speed up the process by adding organic matter to the soil,
such as mulch, compost, green manures, or natural fertilizers such as manure, seaweed,
worm castings, and along with others.
4. Substituting the plants of the forest succession stages with beneficial species
that we choose – nature creates a forest using local plant species. These naturally
occurring plants are used in forest succession, from pioneer plants to climax trees. We
can choose valuable species and use them in place of naturally occurring ones to provide
a yield while the forest system builds itself, a real win-win situation.
Moreover, Krzysztof Rostaski indicated that a number of ways for planning with
plant succession may be identified. However, they must all incorporate the following
procedures, which are essential for proper effect. The initial phase should always be the
assessment of the area's natural aspects, which should take into account the area's
natural worth and its surroundings. There are known studies that primarily address area
evaluation on a planning scale. Evaluation criteria may be identical, but they apply to
far more specific ground units. Still, it is essential to specify if the existing plant cover
has any unique qualities. The second phase is the selection of succession locations. The
area allotted for plant succession should be determined based on the importance of the
area to the urban structure and the desired level of elegance. The third factor is
determining the style and pattern shapes of the aesthetic composition. This step is
directly related to the overall composition of the intended space. Plant selection is the
fourth step in designing with plant succession. Preference should be given to native
plant species in the region of interest.
Furthermore, according to Lindsey Horton, the knowledge about planting phases,
planned disturbances, and scientific data required to perform succession designs can be
structured through three research steps. The first step is to establish a projected species
composition by reviewing the site environment: soils, hydrology, climate, and regional
native vegetation compositions. From reviewing this information, one could find
historic vegetation compositions that may have existed on the design site. The second
step consists of reviewing and answering the nine questions:
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1.
What is/are the proposed projected species compositions (PSC) of the
landscape site design? (Established using step one, site environment and native
plant history of the region)
2.
What are the past and projected anthropic land uses for this site?
3.
Where are existing projected species population locations near the site?
4.
What projected species composition data can you receive from that
existing PSC location? And, what written information can be found about the
general PSC plants, growth habits and resource/environmental requirements?
5.
Is the projected species composition data from question 4 comparable to
the goals and environment of the design site?
6.
How will the projected species data be applied to planting phases;
specifically in the plant growth habits, maturity, rate of growth and appearance?
7.
How will PSC data and design principles be integrated into a landscape
succession design product? In other words, how will the product communicate the
aesthetic within each planting phase and simultaneously the sensitivity given to the
ecosystem throughout the entire design?
8.
What disturbances do you need to incorporate into the planting phases
in order to accelerate or maintain the succession progression in the design?
9.
What are the succession goals, design vision, intended design duration
(in order to reach succession goals) and planting schedule?
In addition, according to the Philippine Case Study on Sustainable Land
Management Approaches and Technologies released by the Department of Agriculture
Bureau of Soils and Water Management, the aims of Conservation Farming Village
(CFV) are as follows: to increase farmers' adoption of sloped land management
technologies through Science and Technology-based farming; to empower key groups
and stakeholders in the community to better manage fragile upland resources; and to
produce a model for a conservation farming village in the Philippines. This strategy
involves empowering upland farmers for sustainable development, a robust Local
Government Units (LGU) support system, and the establishment of collaborative
connections and partnerships as a tool for a strengthened support system.
The study required to respond to these issues will serve as the basis for a succession
strategy and design. Even with extensive research, the inability to precisely answer
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these issues does not indicate that a succession plan cannot be established. The third
step of organizational research corresponds to the third question (listed above). The
third step is to identify and perhaps visit an existing area, preferably on government
land, with a vegetation composition similar to the expected vegetation composition for
the succession design. If the area is owned and maintained by the government, historical
records or studies may be linked with the site.
These assertions from various research include a number of landscape methods that
are suggested to hasten ecological succession and they can be applied to the objectives
the researchers will use that Bill Mollison utilized for accelerated succession. Prior to
completely integrating these techniques with the four objectives, they must first be
carefully examined. Some techniques, such as the one mentioned in the first article,
whose steps are very similar to Bill Mollison's four objectives, may or may not be used
in this study. However, certain of its specifics are still taken into account. Since the first
stage of the procedure, which Lindsey Horton developed for the third article, is similar
to the procedure Krzysztof Rostaski developed for the second article, it will likewise be
ignored. However, some of its details, such as the criteria, will again be taken into
account. In addition, some of the questions Lindsey Horton formulated will be
disregarded or modified as the researchers assess the questions' accuracy for their study.
The last step, "to locate and visit an existing place," is not shown in the flowchart
because it will be a part of the study for data collection. The area is covered in lahar,
which has demonstrated that it is not genuinely hazardous to the plants, thus it must be
evaluated if the strategies would be practicable on the existing soil situation. First,
accuracy must be established. In this case, the questions for analysis of the area from
the statements may be helpful. The researchers will go above and beyond to ensure the
veracity of the rapid succession as the remedy to the long-standing issue in Botolan,
Zambales, albeit they will not be restricted to just these twelve research or articles.
Furthermore, the strategy and technology the Department of Agriculture's Bureau
of Soils and Water Management applied to their project on the upland will be examined
and evaluated by the researchers, as they will be valuable for the formulation of the
researchers' own process of accelerating the ecological succession in the ancestral land
in Botolan, Zambales, and the actual implementation of the study’s initiative.
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E. The benefits and drawbacks of the Mt. Pinatubo lahar on the soil situation in
Botolan, Zambales.

Living with Volcanoes. British Geological Survey: Discovering
–
Geology
Volcanoes.
https://www.bgs.ac.uk/discovering-geology/earth-
hazards/volcanoes/living-with-volcanoes/

Natural Regeneration After Volcanic Eruptions: Resilience of the Non-
legume Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Parasponia rigida. Ishaq, R., Hairiah, K., Alfian, I., &
Noordwijk,
M.
(2020).
Frontiers
in
Forest
and
Global
Change.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2020.562303/full
According to the article Living with Volcanoes, volcanic areas might be suitable for
farming. Volcanic deposits are rich in magnesium and potassium, among other metals.
These elements are released due to volcanic rock and ash weathering, resulting in
exceptionally fertile soils. After an eruption, thin ash layers can act as natural fertilizers,
resulting in more outstanding crops in subsequent years. As a result of regular volcanic
eruptions, some farmers have altered their crops and farming methods to accommodate
various ash forms. In addition, volcanic deposits (mainly ash) are highly porous and
hold water longer than many non-volcanic soils. Consequently, property near a volcano
is frequently suitable for cultivation.
Furthermore, according to Frontiers in Forest and Global Change, Mount Kelud in
East Java has erupted on a 15–37-year cycle throughout the past few centuries. Most
recently, in 2014, inflicting harm to towns, agricultural land, agroforestry, and
watershed protection trees due to tree mortality, reduced infiltration, and ash flows
generated by ash deposits. The rapid "restoration" or recovery of tree-based vegetation
with planted Legume trees (such as Calliandra spp.) has been attempted but has not
been very successful. The nitrogen-fixing non-legume Parasponia rigida, which is
symbiotic with rhizobium bacteria, in contrast to its non-symbiotic sibling (Trema
orientalis), has been researched in the laboratory but not in its natural habitat. Starting
one year after the most recent eruption on the Kelud complex, we mapped and sampled
P. rigida in various locations. Estimated biomass development and quantified P. rigida
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root nodules about N availability in these locations' ash/soil mixtures. P. rigida was
found as a pioneer tree along hills, slopes, and valleys at elevations between 600 and
1,700 m a.s.l. At lower altitudes, T. orientalis was dominant. Within three years of the
eruption, stem diameters ranged from 3 to 10. Based on the hue of the hemoglobin in
cross-sections, up to 93% of P. rigida root nodules were deemed successful. Two to one
hundred times more Rhizobium bacteria were detected in root nodule tissue than in
rhizosphere soil. The density of effective nodules fell from 1,200 to 200 m2 between a
total soil N concentration of 0.01 and 0.04%. Given the high frequency of eruption
episodes, P. rigida stands in the region, particularly on ridges close to the crater, and
should be managed proactively as future seed sources. In contrast, recovery after
eruptions on similar volcanoes can likely be aided by tactically assisted seed dispersal
if effective seed collection and storage methods are established.
In the study, the impacts of lahar on cultivation and the accuracy of selecting plants
for such soil conditions are discussed. It was said that volcanic regions may be excellent
for agriculture because lahars contain compounds that make the soil fertile.
Additionally, nitrogen-fixing non-legumes are effectively planted in volcanic sites due
to the conclusion that recovery after an eruption can be aided by strategically assisted
seed dispersal if adequate seed collection and storage procedures are implemented. This
information is useful to the researchers since it reveals which plants will grow and
which will not under Botolan's current soil conditions. In addition, the precision of the
landscape tactics that will be incorporated into the study can be thoroughly analyzed.
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II.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Figure2.1 Accelerating Ecological Succession in Botolan, Zambales Framework
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
The first chapter covered how Botolan, Zambales, was significantly harmed by the Mt.
Pinatubo explosion in 1991, as well as the researchers' desire to improve the area's current state
and the long-standing issue of the Aeta people. The framework illustrates the specific effects
of lahar deposits that came from the eruption of 1991 on the study region, including the loss of
habitat, destruction of biodiversity, and cultural catastrophe suffered by the Aeta people in
Botolan, Zambales. This catastrophic tragedy occurs in ecological succession since it happens
after a disturbance like destroyed biodiversity. It is the procedure by which a biological
community's structure changes over time. In most cases, this may take decades or even
centuries. The researchers came up with the idea of accelerating the succession already
occurring in the study region by merging diverse landscape techniques from the studies they
obtained and taking advantage of the strengths of the current soil situation in Botolan.
Implementing prudent management to support the environment's resilience and the safety
measures from the 1978 Philippine Environmental Law: Presidential Decree 1586
Environmental Impact Statement must be taken into account in order to succeed in accelerating
the succession. Indigenous Peoples' Right Act of 1997 will also be considered as there is also
a cultural catastrophe the researchers aim to resolve. The research area may be turned into a
nature reserve or a protected area to conserve the Aeta people's culture, their community, and
the environment once the entire process is completed when the climax community is reached,
and the Aeta people's habitat and culture are restored.
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CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
I. METHODOLOGY
The researchers will use qualitative methodology since they consider that it will be
appropriate and beneficial for the study. The scope of the qualitative methodology is the
primary data from the face-to-face interviews with our primary respondents, the Aeta Elders,
the Local Government Units (LGUs), and the professionals that are experts in the fields of
agriculture, ecology, environmental planning, and forestry. The research's secondary data
comes from the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Botolan, Zambales, as well as the
archival data collection and other research findings. Additionally, the soil assessment
(laboratory test), which is also Primary Data. With this methodology, specific major soil factors
have been studied in detail and field tested with specific crops under controlled conditions, as
this mainly concerns the soil moisture and plant nutrients in the current soil situation.
Qualitative Methodology
The researchers will conduct face-to-face interviews for the primary data of the study with
the primary respondents, Aeta Elders, this will be a focused group discussion for it allows the
Aeta Elders to easily share their opinions and experiences, as well as whether they are agreeing
or disagreeing to the research questions provided, and this can produce new thinking among
the respondents which could result in a much more in-depth discussion. The interview will be
conducted at the resettlement area of the chosen barangay of the study area that will be selected
in site selection and evaluation. This will provide accurate data collection about their
experiences during the pre-and post-eruption of Mount Pinatubo, as well as the current situation
of the Aeta community. The face-to-face interview with the Aeta Elders will also provide
information regarding their observations of the pre-eruption state and the current situation of
the biodiversity of Mount Pinatubo, as well as the post-recovery program of the LGUs after the
eruption. The researchers are certain that conducting a face-to-face interview with the Aeta
Elders will help provide more precise data on the extent to which they choose to adapt to the
modern way of living or reestablish their traditional use of natural resources rather than relying
only on related articles about the topic. The researchers will conduct face-to-face interviews
for the primary data of the study with the Local Government Units (LGUs) of the Municipality
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of Botolan, Zambales, as they will provide more in-depth information regarding their current
programs and regulations for the unexpected volcanic hazards of the erupted Mount Pinatubo.
This will also help both the LGUs, and researchers improve their earlier studies, and this can
also be incorporated into the study's implementation strategy.
The researchers will conduct face-to-face interviews for the primary data of the study with
professionals that are experts in the fields of agriculture, ecology, environmental planning, and
forestry. The researchers are certain that interviewing these professionals will provide relevant
data for the formulation and adaptation of design strategies and techniques for the process and
for knowing how to accelerate ecological succession, which is an objective of the study.
The researchers will collect secondary data from the Comprehensive Land Use Plan
(CLUP), archival data and other research findings that are specific to the research. The data
from the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of the Municipality of Botolan allocates
available land resources for different sectors of the population of the municipality, as it
provides existing and exact data records such as the land uses and their patterns, zoning
ordinances, and the LGUs' vision for the Municipality of the study area that is relevant to the
study. The scope of this secondary data from the CLUP includes maps, baseline information
for data updates, and generalization and analysis of social, economic, and infrastructure issues,
local governance, physical natural features, and the environmental activities of the
Municipality of Botolan, Zambales. Other research findings as secondary data will help the
researchers to provide relevant data concerning the Aeta community's food-gathering culture
and related studies that provide strategies and techniques that can be added to the process of
accelerating ecological succession that is significant to the study.
The researchers will use a qualitative observation for the Primary Data as the researchers
will experiment to determine the ability of the pre-eruption plants or native plants, and other
plants from the research findings to survive in the soil conditions of the study area. The
researchers are certain that experimenting with qualitative observation will help to evaluate
given plants to determine their capability to accelerate the ecological succession that is
happening in the study area.
The researchers will also request a soil assessment laboratory test from the Bureau of Soils
and Water Management for the current soil situation to determine the plant's ability to survive
in the soil conditions as well as what nutrients it contains that exceed or lack in the study area's
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soil situation. The researchers are certain that the soil assessment will provide the accurate data
needed to access the current situation of the soil. It will also provide the exact type of plants
that can survive in the soil situation, which will help accelerate the ecological succession in the
study area.
II.
DATA GATHERING
Figure 3.1. Data Gathering Procedure for Accelerating Ecological Succession in
Botolan, Zambales
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Figure 3.2. Data Gathering Procedure for Accelerating Ecological Succession in
Botolan, Zambales (Face-to-face Interview)
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Figure 3.3. Data Gathering Procedure for Accelerating Ecological Succession in
Botolan, Zambales (Archival Data)
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Figure 3.4. Data Gathering Procedure for Accelerating Ecological Succession in
Botolan, Zambales (Laboratory Test)
Data Gathering Procedure
The face-to-face interview will be done directly following the completion of the study's
methodology, as the researchers predicted that the data collection would take only two days
due to the small scale and the fact that they would only be interviewing the tribe's elders or
Aetas who had personally experienced the eruption, regardless of gender. The researchers
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restricted the interviewees to the Aetas, who are citizens of Botolan, considering that the studies
proposed initiative will primarily benefit and affect them. They also limited their interviewees
only to Aeta community elders or Aetas who had directly experienced the eruption, knowing
that they could better respond to some of the research questions since they'd witnessed the 1991
Pinatubo explosion and would value the study more given that they were also the ones who
truly experienced their authentic culture and hoped to reclaim it. The researchers will also
record the interviewees' identities, positions in the community (if any), ages, and genders, as
well as other pertinent information for proof of accuracy, as the interview will only be
conducted in the Botolan, Zambales, resettlement sites given that the researchers were
informed by the local administration that the route to the volcano was damaged by the recent
typhoon. The Aetas' experience and struggles with the effects of the eruption on biodiversity
in Botolan, Zambales; their traditional use of natural resources prior to the eruption and their
modern way of life following the eruption; and finally, the extent to which they choose to adapt
to the modern way of living or if they want to reestablish traditional use of natural resources,
will all be covered in this interview. The researchers believe that 25 Aeta elders or Aetas that
experienced the Mt. Pinatubo Eruption that is still living in Botolan, Zambales (Resettlement
Areas) are needed to be interviewed as their opinions and experiences will already be sufficient
for synthesis and comparison to produce the superior and more exact data that is required for
the researchers' accuracy in their intended solution to the study's problem.
The researchers will also conduct an extended face-to-face interview with the professionals
who have expertise in indigenous people, agriculture, ecology, forestry, and environmental
planning. The questions for each professional were created in accordance with the study and
within the purview of their areas of expertise. This will act as a guide for the researchers as
they develop the procedures and plans they'll use to accelerate the succession in the ancestral
domains of Botolan, Zambales. It will also serve as a consultation for the researchers' data
collection methods and their findings. An Indigenous People Mandatory Representative from
Botolan, Zambales, will be the first professional to be interviewed. The second is a senior
agriculturalist from the Bureau of Soils and Water Management of the Department of
Agriculture. The following will come from the Biodiversity Management Bureau and Forest
Management Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. The
Department of Environment and Natural Resources' Environmental Management Bureau is the
final division listed.
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Documents and studies that contain information about the soil of the ancestral lands in
Botolan, Zambales will be reviewed as they would be utilized as a tool to ascertain the capacity
of the soil to function and its components. The documents that will be used for the data
collection about the ancestral domain’s soil information are from the Botolan Municipal
Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2018-2027 on its Volume 1: Land Use Plan and Volume 3:
Sectoral Studies. The next three are the Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Soils and Water
Management’s Atlas of Soil Base Agricultural Guide Maps Luzon Island Volume 1, Soil
Report 13: Soil Survey of Zambales Province Philippines, and Philippine Case Studies on
Sustainable Land Management: Approaches and Technologies. The researchers will also use a
book from the municipality entitled Pamana: Botolan’s 200th Founding Anniversary
Commemorative Book, written by Jayson J. Nalicat and Rosario C. Aguilar and published in
2020; as references for the accurate background and history of each barangay in the ancestral
domains, the precise documentation of the Aetas’ culture, and programs the Local Government
did for the IPs.
The researchers will take soil samples from the ancestral land of Botolan, Zambales to the
soil laboratory of the Department of Agriculture’s Bureau of Soil and Water Management. This
is to evaluate what potential plants can thrive to the soil from the ancestral domains of Botolan,
Zambales (Villar Sandy Loam), which also contains a mixture of lahar from the Mt. Pinatubo
Eruption. This will guarantee "Plant Selection suited for the soil situation of the Ancestral
Domains," one of the procedures the researchers will employ to accelerate succession in the
Ancestral Domains of Botolan, Zambales.
III.
STUDY AREA
Site Selection Objectives
The research aims to accelerate the ecological succession currently occurring in the study
area to restore its biodiversity. The research also intends to establish the ancestral land into a
nature reserve community to preserve its flora, wildlife, soil, water, minerals, and other natural
elements if the project is successfully implemented. The researchers believe that retrieving the
natural environment of the study area will bring back their natural habitat and reclaim the food
gathering culture of the Aeta people.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Site Selection Requirements
The research study area should be affected by an ecological disturbance, as the focus of the
study is to provide solutions to the lahar fields that have been affected by the same problem.
The study area has been chosen in Botolan, Zambales as it is one of the most affected areas
during the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, a primary ecological disturbance. The researchers also
considered the areas where the Aetas are highly dense in population and that the four (4)
barangays were legally given to the Indigenous Aeta people in Botolan, Zambales, and declared
as their ancestral lands.
Site Selection Spatial Extent
The study area has been determined to be the four (4) barangays of Villar, Burgos, Moraza,
and Belbel in Botolan, Zambales, which are contiguous sites and have a total size of 15,860
hectares. Every barangay has the same problem and were severely affected by the eruption of
Mount Pinatubo. Still, the researchers will only focus on one of the barangays that will be
chosen in the site selection process.
Figure 3.5 Municipality of Botolan in the Province of Zambales, Philippines (Via Google Map)
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Figure 3.6 Site Selection Spatial Extent of the Research, in Botolan, Zambales (from Botolan
CLUP 2018-2027)
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Figure 3.7 Site Selection Spatial Extent of the Research – Blow-Up (from Botolan CLUP 20182027)
Site Selection Criteria, Site Factors and Physical Conditions

The suitability of the soil for the crops and native and nitrogen-fixing plants and
trees is a primary site selection criterion for the proposed design in the study area
(soil quality).

The area has been affected by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, an ecological disturbance.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia

The ecological succession that is already taking place within the area to recover its
environment before the volcanic eruption happened (natural vegetation such as few
grasses, trees, and wild shrubs).

The shape should be even, devoid any sharp corners, and the size of the site should
be able to give space for future extension.

The topography of site should be considered to know what type of slope it has to
the proposed landscape design for it will not cause any adverse effect to the future
construction in the site.
Legal Conditions

Implementing prudent management to support the environment’s resilience and the
safety measures from the 1978 Philippine Environmental Law: Presidential Decree
1586 Environmental Impact Statement must be considered in order to succeed in
accelerating the succession (implementation of environment-friendly projects).

Indigenous Peoples’ Right Act of 1997 will also be considered as there is also a cultural
catastrophe the researchers aim to resolve (to recognize, protect and promote the rights
of Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples).
Site Conditions

There must be unhindered access to natural light and air wherever the site is situated.

Determining the direction of the wind and a site where best to construct a
climatologically responsive landscape design.

Endeavor to know weather conditions of the site to know what is at stake before going
further like an unexpected natural disaster.
Contextual Factors

Access to utilities such as electricity, water supply, and proximity to raw materials that
will be used for the planning and future construction.

Access to transportation such as roads and highways.
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
Access to locations with enough social services, hospitals, schools, and employment
opportunities are needed.

Good waste disposal system is another vital factor to consider.

Safety, security and the nature of the neighborhood is crucial to the study area, since
the Aeta people have been discriminated and had been accused of killing a soldier and
of working alongside NPA, worst case is that they been tortured for the reason.
Potential Sites
Figure 3.8 Potential Sites (A, B, C, and D) – in Botolan, Zambales (from Botolan CLUP 20182027)
Potential Sites
Locations of the Potential Sites
(All located in Botolan, Zambales)
A
Barangay Belbel
B
Barangay Burgos
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
C
Barangay Moraza
D
Barangay Villar
Table 3.1 Potential Sites and Locations – in Botolan, Zambales (from Botolan CLUP 2018-2027)
The potential sites are the four (4) barangays of Villar, Burgos, Moraza, and Belbel in
Botolan, Zambales, which are the ancestral lands given by the government to the Indigenous
Aeta people. All potential sites have been affected by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption and selected
as the study area of the research.
Potential Sites (A, B, C, and D)
A
Figure 3.9 Site A – Boundary of Barangay Belbel in Botolan, Zambales, Philippines (from
Botolan CLUP 2018-2027)
Belbel is a barangay in the municipality of Botolan, in the province of Zambales. Belbel is
situated at approximately 15.1243, 120.2817, on the island of Luzon. The elevation at these
coordinates is estimated at 507.5 meters (1,665.0 feet) above mean sea level. Belbel shares a
common border with barangays San Vicente, Bamban, Tarlac, Macapagal Village, Mabalacat,
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Pampanga, Villar, Burgos, and Moraza. Based on the Philippine Statistics Authority, its
population, as determined by the 2020 Census, was 376. This represented 0.56% of the total
population of Botolan. Barangay Belbel is one of the communities impacted by the Mt.
Pinatubo eruption. It includes the communities of Yangka, Barreto, Anonang, Panyabutan,
Matukapo, and Polenen. The type of soil in Barangay Belbel is mountain soil
(undifferentiated), which means that it is generally shallow and stony and that the surface
drainage is excessive. The shape of the barangay is even and has sharp corners. The size of the
barangay is about 11,581.75 hectares, which is equivalent to 16.52% of the land in the
municipality of Botolan, and the land is classified as upland.
Barangay Belbel is one of the first ancestral domains that has already been delineated, along
with the barangays of Burgos, Moraza, and Villar. The National Commission on Indigenous
Peoples (NCIP) and Project Development Institute (PDI) granted 1,501 Aeta families the
Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT), restoring the Aeta community's ownership of
their land. The Aetas' ownership over and right to utilize their ancestral territory is confirmed
by a property title known as the CADT-068. Barangay Belbel is part of the protected areas of
the municipality of Botolan, as stated by the National Integrated Protected Areas System
(NIPAS). Under Section 9 of RA 11038, or the Expanded NIPAS Act, Indigenous
Communities Conserved Areas (ICCAS) that overlap with protected areas shall be recognized
and respected.
The area receives direct sunlight, especially at peak hours and noon, and has a temperature
of 28 °C in the afternoon. The winds in the barangay are generally strong, allowing full
reception of the northeast and southwest winds with an approximately 13 km/h wind speed.
The municipality of Botolan is susceptible to various hydro meteorological and geological
hazards. In some areas of barangay Belbel, there is a high susceptibility to flood hazards, which
means that these areas are likely to experience flood heights greater than 1.0 meters and/or
flood durations longer than three (3) days. This also means that these areas are immediately
flooded during heavy rains that last several hours and include topographic low landforms such
as active and abandoned river channels. Areas along riverbanks are also prone to flash floods.
Rain-induced landslide hazards in the barangay of Belbel have a low landslide susceptibility,
which means gently sloping areas with no identified landslides. An eruption from Mt. Pinatubo
would cause hazards such as air-fall tephra and volcanic ashes. As of 1992, the Philippine
Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) estimated about 200 million cubic
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
meters of a lahar at the Bucao River alone. Because Barangay Belbel is located within a 20kilometer buffer zone from Mt. Pinatubo, it has been determined that the majority of the
barangay's areas are not safe from lahars.
There are few nearby water resources (such as rivers or creeks) in the barangay of Belbel,
and it also has groundwater resources or pumpable groundwater that can supply water to the
barangay and can be collected from deep wells and springs. The barangay is covered by three
(3) watersheds, such as the Bucao Watershed, and the Sto. Tomas Watershed, and the Germain
Watershed. There is a transit and road network in the barangay. In the social sector of the
barangay, particularly in education, it has the Belbel Day Care Center and Belbel Elementary
School which has 100%, IP learners. The nearest clinic in the barangay is San Marcelino Health
Center. The barangay has also a Senior Citizen Building and a church, which is the Belbel
Christian Church. The utilities of the municipality of Botolan cover only 3.61 hectares (0.01%)
of the city. These include transportation terminals, solid waste facilities, and power and utility
stations, which are mostly located in the municipality's center or urban areas.
B
Figure 3.10 Site B – Boundary of Barangay Burgos in Botolan, Zambales, Philippines (from
Botolan CLUP 2018-2027)
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Burgos is a barangay in the municipality of Botolan, in the province of Zambales. Burgos
is situated at approximately 15.2040, 120.2189, on the island of Luzon. Elevation at these
coordinates is estimated at 184.2 meters (604.3 feet) above mean sea level. Barangay Burgos
shares a common border with barangays San Vicente, Bamban, Tarlac, Santa Juliana, Capas,
Tarlac, Nacolcol, Palis, Maguisguis, Villar, and Belbel. Based on the Philippine Statistics
Authority, its population, as determined by the 2020 Census, its population, as determined by
the 2020 Census, was 741. This represented 1.11% of the total population of Botolan. Barangay
Burgos is one of the communities impacted by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Burgos connects
neighboring places, such as Moraza, Belbel, Villar, Palis, Nacolcol, and Maguisguis. Barangay
Burgos is one of the communities impacted by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. As it coordinates
with neighboring places and coordinates with the people of neighboring places, the barangay
trades its rich produce, such as sweet potato, banana, and taro. The type of soil in Barangay
Burgos is mostly Villar sandy loam (a combination of sand, silt, and clay that is used for
gardening), Angeles sand, and some undifferentiated mountain soil. The shape of the barangay
is not even and has many irregular corners. The size of the barangay is about 1,395.28 hectares,
which is equivalent to a 1.99% share of land in the municipality of Botolan, and the land is
classified as upland.
Barangay Burgos, along with the barangays of Belbel, Moraza, and Villar, is one of the
first ancestral domains to be established. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
(NCIP) and Project Development Institute (PDI) granted 1,501 Aeta families the Certificate of
Ancestral Domain Title (CADT), restoring the Aeta community's ownership of their land. The
Aetas' ownership over and right to utilize their ancestral territory is confirmed by a property
title known as the CADT-068. Barangay Burgos is part of the protected areas of the
municipality of Botolan, as stated by the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS).
Under Section 9 of RA 11038, or the Expanded NIPAS Act, Indigenous Communities
Conserved Areas (ICCAS) that overlap with protected areas shall be recognized and respected.
Barangay Belbel is not part of the protected areas of the municipality of Botolan based on the
Forest Zones Map of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the municipality.
The area receives direct sunlight, especially at peak hours and noon, and has a temperature
of 31 °C during noon. The winds in the barangay are generally gentle breeze, allowing full
reception of the northeast and southwestern winds with an approximately 27 km/h wind speed.
The municipality of Botolan is susceptible to various hydro meteorological and geological
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
hazards. The south-west area of barangay Burgos has high susceptibility to flooding hazards,
which means that this area is likely to experience flood heights of greater than 1.0 meters and/or
flood durations of more than three (3) days. This also means that these areas, including
landforms of topographic lows such as active river channels and abandoned river channels, are
immediately flooded during heavy rains lasting several hours. Areas along riverbanks are also
prone to flash floods. Rain-induced landslide hazards in the barangay of Burgos have a low
landslide susceptibility, which means gently sloping areas with no identified landslides. An
eruption from Mt. Pinatubo would cause hazards such as air-fall tephra and volcanic ashes. As
of 1992, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) estimated about
200 million cubic meters of a lahar at the Bucao River alone. As of 1992, the Philippine
Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) estimated about 200 million cubic
meters of a lahar at the Bucao River alone. Because Barangay Burgos is located within a 20kilometer buffer zone from Mt. Pinatubo, it has been determined that the majority of the
barangay's areas are not safe from lahars.
There are few nearby water resources (such as rivers or creeks) in the barangay of Burgos.
Three (3) watersheds surround the barangay: the Bucao Watershed, the Tarlac River
Watershed, and the Pampanga River Basin. There is no public transportation or road network
in the barangay. In the social sector of the barangay, particularly in education, it has the Burgos
Day Care Center and Burgos Elementary School which has 100%, IP learners. The nearest
clinic in the barangay is San Marcelino Health Center. The barangay has also churches, which
are the Burgos Christian Church, Burgos Baytan Christian Church, and Burgos Loob-Bunga
Church. The utilities of the municipality of Botolan cover only 3.61 hectares (0.01%) of the
city. These include transportation terminals, solid waste facilities, and power and utility
stations, which are mostly located in the municipality's center or urban areas.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
C
Figure 3.11 Site C – Boundary of Barangay Moraza in Botolan, Zambales, Philippines (from
Botolan CLUP 2018-2027)
Moraza is a barangay in the municipality of Botolan, in the province of Zambales. Moraza
is situated at approximately 15.1598, 120.2320, on the island of Luzon. The elevation at these
coordinates is estimated at 235.1 meters (771.3 feet) above mean sea level. Belbel shares a
common border with barangays Macapagal Village, Mabalacat, Pampanga, Inararo (Aetas),
Porac, Pampanga, Villar, Botolan, Zambales, Cadmang-Reserva, Cabangan, Zambales, Santa
Fe, San Marcelino, Zambales, Rabanes, San Marcelino, Zambales, Balincaguing, and San
Felipe, Zambales. Based on the Philippine Statistics Authority, its population, as determined
by the 2020 Census, was 453 people. This represented 0.68% of the total population of Botolan.
Barangay Moraza is one of the communities impacted by the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Barangay
Moraza is said to be one of the oldest barangays in town. As a matter of fact, it is always
associated with the names of Villar, Burgos, and Belbel in so many accounts about the history
of Botolan. It is said to be one of the villages where the Aetas first settled and maintained their
simple lives. The type of soil in Barangay Moraza is mountain soil (undifferentiated), which
means that it is generally shallow and stony and that the surface drainage is excessive; Antipolo
Clay, which is very friable and finely granular; and Angeles Sand. The shape of the barangay
is even, and it has many irregular corners. The size of the barangay is about 5,769.13 hectares,
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
which is equivalent to 8.23% of the land in the municipality of Botolan, and the land is
classified as upland.
Barangay Moraza, along with the barangays of Belbel, Burgos, and Villar, is one of the
first ancestral domains to be established. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
(NCIP) and Project Development Institute (PDI) granted 1,501 Aeta families the Certificate of
Ancestral Domain Title (CADT), restoring the Aeta community's ownership of their land. The
Aetas' ownership over and right to utilize their ancestral territory is confirmed by a property
title known as the CADT-068. Barangay Belbel is part of the production and protected areas
of the municipality of Botolan, as stated by the National Integrated Protected Areas System
(NIPAS). Indigenous Communities Conserved Areas (ICCAS) that overlap with protected
areas must be recognized and respected under Section 9 of RA 11038, or the Expanded NIPAS
Act.
The area receives direct sunlight, especially at peak hours and noon, and has a temperature
of 28 °C in the afternoon. The winds in the barangay are generally light, allowing full reception
of the northeast and southwest winds with an approximate 9 km/h wind speed. In some areas
of barangay Bebel, there is a high susceptibility to flood hazards, which means that these areas
are likely to experience flood heights greater than 1.0 meters and/or flood durations longer than
three (3) days. This also means that these areas are immediately flooded during heavy rains
lasting several hours and include landforms of topographic lows such as active river channels
and abandoned river channels. Areas along riverbanks are also prone to flash floods. Raininduced landslide hazards in the barangay of Moraza have a low landslide susceptibility, which
means it has gently sloping areas with no identified landslides and areas with moderate steel
slopes. Soil creep and other indications for a possible landslide occurrence are present. As of
1992, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) estimated about
200 million cubic meters of a lahar at the Bucao River alone. Because Barangay Belbel is
located within a 20-kilometer buffer zone from Mt. Pinatubo, it has been determined that the
majority of the barangay's areas are not safe from lahars.
There are few nearby water resources (such as rivers or creeks) in the barangay of Moraza.
The barangay is on the cover of Bucao Watershed. There is no public transportation or road
network in the barangay. In the social sector of the barangay, particularly in education, it has
Moraza Care Center and Moraza Elementary School which has 100%, IP learners. The nearest
clinic in the barangay is San Marcelino Health Center. The barangay has also a Senior Citizen
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Building and a church, which is the Moraza Christian Church. The utilities of the municipality
of Botolan cover only 3.61 hectares (0.01%) of the city. These include transportation terminals,
solid waste facilities, and power and utility stations, which are mostly located in the
municipality's center or urban areas.
D
Figure 3.12 Site D – Boundary of Barangay Villar in Botolan, Zambales, Philippines (from
Botolan CLUP 2018-2027)
Villar is a barangay in the municipality of Botolan, in the province of Zambales. Villar is
situated at approximately 15.1862, 120.2374, on the island of Luzon. Elevation at these
coordinates is estimated at 236.3 meters (775.3 feet) above mean sea level. Villar shares a
common border with barangays Poonbato, Maguisguis, Botolan, Zambales, Belbel, Burgos,
Moraza, and Cadmang-Reserva, Cabangan, and Zambales. Based on the Philippine Statistics
Authority, its population, as determined by the 2020 Census, was 669. This represented 1.00%
of the total population of Botolan. Barangay Villar is one of the areas that has been affected by
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, and the affected residents were relocated to Loob-Bunga
Resettlement Area and LAKAS-Bihawo in Barangay Mambo. The types of soil in Barangay
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Villar are: mostly mountain soil (undifferentiated), which means that it is generally shallow
and stony and the surface drainage is excessive; Villar sandy loam (a combination of sand, silt,
and clay that is used for gardening); Angeles soil (undifferentiated); Angeles sand; and
Antipolo clay. The shape of the barangay is even and has sharp corners. The size of the
barangay is about 8,039.53 hectares, which is equivalent to 11.47% of the land in the
municipality of Botolan, and the land is classified as upland.
Barangay Villar is one of the first Ancestral Domains to be delineated, along with Belbel,
Burgos, and Moraza. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) and Project
Development Institute (PDI) awarded 1,501 Aeta families the Certificate of Ancestral Domain
Title (CADT), restoring the Aeta community's ownership of their land. The Aetas' ownership
over and right to utilize their ancestral territory is confirmed by a property title known as the
CADT-068. Barangay Villar is part of the protected areas of the municipality of Botolan, as
stated by the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS). Under Section 9 of RA
11038, or the Expanded NIPAS Act, Indigenous Communities Conserved Areas (ICCAS) that
overlap with protected areas shall be recognized and respected.
The area receives direct sunlight, especially at peak hours and noon, and has a temperature
of 30 °C at noon. The winds in the barangay are generally strong, allowing full reception of the
northeast and southwest winds with an approximately 26 km/h wind speed. The municipality
of Botolan is susceptible to various hydro meteorological and geological hazards. Most of the
areas in barangay Villar have moderate susceptibility to flooding hazards, which means that
these areas are likely to experience a flood height of 0.5 to 1.0 meter and/or a flood duration of
one (1) to three (3) days. These areas are subject to widespread inundation during prolonged
and extensive heavy rainfall or extreme weather conditions. Fluvial terraces, alluvial fans, and
infilled valleys are areas moderately subjected to flooding. Rain-induced landslide hazards in
the barangay of Belbel have a low landslide susceptibility, which means gently sloping areas
with no identified landslides. An eruption from Mt. Pinatubo would cause hazards such as airfall tephra and volcanic ashes. As of 1992, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology (PHIVOLCS) estimated about 200 million cubic meters of a lahar at the Bucao
River alone. Because Barangay Villar is located within a 20-kilometer buffer zone from Mt.
Pinatubo, it has been determined that the majority of the barangay's areas are not safe from
lahars.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
There are three (3) water resources in the barangay of Villar, such as the Balin-Baquero
River (one of the major rivers in Botolan), the Maraunot River, and the Bucao River. Three (3)
watersheds surround the barangay: the Bucao Watershed, the Tarlac River Watershed, and the
Pampanga River Basin. There is a transit and road network in the barangay. There is a transit
and road network in the barangay. In the social sector of the barangay, particularly in education,
it has Villar Day Care Center, LAKAS Day Care Center, and Villar Elementary School which
has 100%, IP learners. The nearest clinic in the barangay is San Marcelino Health Center. The
barangay has a Senior Citizen Building and it has a church, which is the Jesus Intercessor
Church and the Villar Christian Church. It has a tourist destination in the Mt. Pinatubo Crater
Lake Balai Trinitas Resort. The utilities of the municipality of Botolan cover only 3.61 hectares
(0.01%) of the city. These include transportation terminals, solid waste facilities, and power
and utility stations, which are mostly located in the municipality's center or urban areas.
Comparative Evaluation of Potential Sites
Quantitative Rating Scale

4 = excellent (most desirable)

3 = good

2 = fair

1 = poor

0 = unacceptable (least desirable)
Site Suitability
Potential Sites
Site A
Site B
Site C
Site D
1. Soil quality
1
3
2
4
2. Disturbed by the primary
4
3
2
4
4
2
3
4
Site Factors
Physical Conditions
ecological disturbance
3. Natural vegetation
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
4. Site shape
3
3
3
2
5. Site size
4
2
3
4
6. Topography
2
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
9. Natural light
3
3
3
3
10. Air quality
3
3
3
3
11. Good wind condition
3
4
2
3
12. Weather condition
2
2
2
3
13. Access to electricity
2
2
2
2
14. Access to water supply
4
2
1
3
15. Proximity to raw materials
2
1
1
2
16. Reliable transportation
2
1
1
2
17. Access to healthcare
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
20. Good waste disposal system
0
0
0
0
21. Safety and security
1
2
1
2
51
47
41
56
Legal Conditions
7. Follows the safety measures
and regulations of
Philippine Environmental
Law
8. Acknowledge the
Indigenous Peoples’ Right
Act for the Aeta people
Site Conditions
Contextual Factors
facilities such as hospitals
and clinics
18. Access to educational
institutions
19. Proximity to employment
opportunities
Total Points
Table 3.2 Site Suitability Test of Potential Sites in Botolan, Zambales, Philippines
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
The aforementioned information is graded and analyzed in accordance with the
Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 2018–2027 of the municipality of Botolan, which
includes maps and data tables along with baseline data on data generation, analysis, and
updating for the municipality's social, economic, infrastructure, local governance, physical
natural features, and environmental activities. The CLUP 2018–2027 intends to promote
sustainable development in the municipality's social, economic, infrastructural, local
governance, and environmental sectors. While also assuring that development activities won't
be adversely affected by these hazards, these locations provide a substantial contribution to risk
reduction initiatives and will assist increase communities' resilience to natural hazards. The site
suitability test is completed objectively, and it all strongly relies on the reliable information
acquired from the municipality that the researchers have thoroughly investigated.
Sites were evaluated and placed in the following categories:
Best Site
(69 points and
above)
Acceptable Site
(52-68 points)
Site D
(56 points)
Somewhat
Acceptable Site
(35-51 points)
Site A
(51 points)
Least
Acceptable Site
(18-34 points)
Eliminated Site
(17 points and
below)
Site B
(47 points)
Site C
(41 points)
Table 3.3 Site Suitability Test Evaluation of Potential Sites in Botolan, Zambales, Philippines
The table above shows the result of the site suitability test of the potential sites of the
research, which ranges from Best Site to Eliminated Site, and each has its equivalent points.
The site suitability test result shows that no site selected falls into the Best Site Column that
could be the most suitable Site for the study. However, based on the study's site factors, the
most preferred Site of the study would be in the Acceptable Site Column, which is Site D
(Barangay Villar), with 56 resulting points. Site A (Barangay Belbel) with 51 points, Site B
(Barangay Burgos) with 47 points, and Site C (Barangay Villar) with 41 points fall into the
Somewhat Acceptable Site Column. On the other hand, no site has scores in the Least
Acceptable Site and Eliminated Site.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Conclusions
Based on the result, Barangay Villar of the Ancestral Domains will be used and chosen
by the researchers as the study area to conduct the research study. On the other hand, the other
sites, such as Site A (Barangay Belbel), Site B (Barangay Burgos), and Site C (Barangay Villar)
that fall into the Somewhat Acceptable Site Column are the possible sites to be conducted once
the researchers have been proven the effectivity and suitability of the study's methods and
landscape design strategies to the study area. The researchers believe that conducting a site
suitability test for the site selection of the study area will support the research as it determines
the most appropriate site for the study and to achieve the goals of the study, which are to
revitalize the wasteland to reclaim the culture of Aetas and make their place into a nature
reserve community.
IV.
DATA ANALYZATION
Thematic analysis will be used by the researchers to examine and interpret the data obtained
from a face-to-face interview with the Aetas in Botolan, Zambales and professionals who have
expertise about indigenous people, agriculture, ecology or environmental planning and
forestry. This is a good approach for the study since the researchers want to understand people's
perspectives, experiences, and beliefs from a collection of data. By grouping the data into broad
categories, it gives researchers a lot of versatility in how they may comprehend the data and
makes it simpler to approach large data sets. Six processes will be followed to complete this:
familiarization, coding, generating themes, reviewing themes, defining and labeling themes,
and writing up, which is the typical method for this kind of study.

Familiarization – A comprehensive review of all the data obtained by the researchers
before they begin studying individual items.

Coding - highlighting text areas and creating shorthand labels or "codes" to represent
their content. The researchers can get a quick summary of the important points and
frequent meanings that appear across the data by using these codes.

Generating Themes - Themes are more expansive than codes. It involves recognizing
patterns in the codes and creating a theme out of them. It will vary based on what the
researchers are looking for.

Reviewing Themes – The researchers will go back to the data set and compare the
themes to it to ensure that they are accurate and relevant representations of the data.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia

Defining and Labeling Themes - This entails determining exactly what the researchers
mean by each theme and how it aids in the comprehension of the data. It also involves
coming up with a short and easy-to-understand name for each theme.

Writing Up - The data was analyzed. An introduction is required to establish the
research question, and approach. It also includes a methodology section that explains
how the researchers’ gathered data and carried out the thematic analysis. Each theme is
usually addressed in turn in the results or findings section. Finally, the conclusion
summarizes the important points and demonstrates how the analysis addressed the
study issue.
The data that will be collected through the archived studies, articles, and documents will
only be thoroughly evaluated and examined as it already has all of the results and facts required
by researchers, as well as having been statistically assessed and interpreted by the authors of
the studies. All of the data the researchers collected will be evaluated and shown in Chapter 4
of this study.
V.
METHODOLOGY LIMITATIONS
The researchers were tasked with identifying and evaluating the most effective and feasible
data collection methods for the study. However, the authorities of Botolan, Zambales, advised
against going to Mount Pinatubo as a safety precaution due to the significant rains that cause
the river's water to rise, making the mountain inaccessible. Moreover, according to the officials,
visiting the four barangays might take two to three days due to their size. Therefore, the
researchers chose to visit the resettlement camp instead of going to the actual barangays on the
mountain, given that they were unable to visit the sites. In addition, the researchers were not
able to obtain full access to the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Botolan, Zambales,
because the municipality of Botolan can only release selected pages of the CLUP due to the
municipal resolutions and ordinances. As a result, the researchers have limited information
about the area.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA GATHERING
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
I.
PRESENTATION OF DATA
This chapter provides the gathered Primary Data from the primary respondents of this
research, the Aeta Elders of the Ancestral domain, as well as the Local Government Units
(LGUs), and the Professionals with expertise in the field of agriculture, ecology, environmental
planning, and forestry. As well as the experiment that will use a qualitative observation method.
This chapter also provides the secondary data gathered from the Comprehensive Land Use Plan
of the Municipality of Botolan, Archival Data, and other research findings. The data collection
consists of existing conditions of the study area and its people, the latest development and
management plan, and expounding the processes of the sustainable land management
approaches and techniques needed for the study. The necessary data are presented in both
tabular and textual methods following the order of the study’s Statement of the Problem and
the research’s Process of Accelerating Ecological Succession to answer the following research
questions.
However, the face-to-face interviews with Professionals with expertise in the fields of
ecology, environmental planning, and forestry are still ongoing due to the delay in the time
availability of the respondents. As well as the soil assessment, the laboratory test needed a soil
sampling that will be available after the site visit of the researchers to the uplands and is still
ongoing due to the limitations of the study. Hence, the data-gathering results are given below.
II.
PRESENTATION OF PRIMARY DATA
Profile of Primary Respondents
The Ancestral Domains is legally situated in (4) barangays (namely Barangay Belbel,
Barangay Burgos, Barangay Moraza, and Barangay Villar) all of which encompass the
Ancestral Domains itself however, due to the limitation of the study, face-to-face interviews
with the total of twenty-five (25) Aeta Elders (the primary respondents of the research) were
conducted in the resettlement areas of Aeta people in the lowlands at Loob Bunga Resettlement
Camp, Botolan, Zambales, in their respective barangays of Barangay Belbel, Barangay Burgos,
Barangay Moraza, and Barangay Villar.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Interview with the Aeta Elders
Research Questions
Aeta Elders’ Answers
1) Based on your observation, how did
the impact of the Mount Pinatubo
eruption affect the biodiversity in
Botolan, Zambales?
Based on the observation of the Aeta Elders,
everything in the biodiversity of Botolan,
Zambales, has been changed, devastated,
and washed out. The eruption affected
biodiversity with volcanic hazards such as
lava
flows,
pyroclastic
flows,
lahars,
landslides, and debris avalanches. The Aeta
community’s residential areas, rice fields,
plantations, rivers, lakes, and creeks, and
their
Kaingin
farming
system
were
destroyed because of the impact of the
Mount Pinatubo eruption.
2) Based on your observation, what
are the species that you have
commonly encountered before that
have been distinct or gone as a
result of biodiversity loss in the
area?
Based on the observation of the Aeta Elders,
the species that they commonly encountered
before that have been distinct or gone
because of the biodiversity loss in the area
were carabaos, cows, goats, pigs, and
chickens. Some said that they were raising
them before for food and a few Aeta Elders
said they also had horses and carabaos that
they were using for transportation.
3) What animals were commonly
hunted or fished by the Aeta people
before the eruption?
According to the Aeta Elders, the fishes they
commonly encountered before the eruption
were big shrimps, mudfishes, catfishes, eels,
and tilapias. While the animals they were
hunting in the forest before were wild pigs,
wild chickens, deer, native bullfrogs, Mount
Pinatubo mice, and wild rabbits. They said
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
that mostly, men were the ones who hunted
these animals, and their fathers were the ones
who taught them how to gather food to
survive.
4) What wild plants or vegetation
have the Aeta people gathered
before the eruption?
According to the Aeta Elders, most of the
plants and vegetation that the Aeta people
gathered before the Mount Pinatubo eruption
happened were the banana trees, durian
trees, amukaw, paco, purple yams, sweet
potatoes, sweet potato vines, cassavas, taros,
bitter melons (ampalaya), sabidukong vines,
stringed beans, winged beans, wheat. They
also said that these plants could be found
everywhere in their lands before as they
grow in their mountains naturally.
5) How was your life with the Aeta
community before Mount Pinatubo
erupted?
According to the Aeta Elders, the life of the
Aeta community before Mount Pinatubo
erupted was good as they established their
plantations, fields, and farm in the uplands.
They do not have a problem with their rice
supply, for some said their rice fields were
abundant as they have been farming for 100
sacks per harvest season. They said that the
soil in the mountain areas was already
cultivated and ready for planting. Some Aeta
Elders
said
they
were
trading
their
vegetables with the town and were making
money in return for their gathered and
planted vegetables. While some Aeta Elders
said that their life before was better as they
did not have to rely on money like the people
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
in other places as they could always gather
food, hunt, and get fish in the rivers, lakes,
and creeks as long as they needed.
6) What traditional practices do you
do before the eruption of Mount
Pinatubo? Do you still do it now?
According to the Aeta Elders, the traditional
practice they were doing before the Mount
Pinatubo eruption happened were swidden
farming, planting crops, rice farming,
fishing, hunting, and handicrafts like a
basket. The traditional practices they still do
are plantation and service planting, hunting,
and making traps for the animals they were
hunting in the mountains. Some Aetas are
trying to gather foods they can find in the
mountain. Some still make money by trading
their few vegetables in the town. They said
they stopped using traditional practices as
many of the people in the Aeta community
lost their livelihood, as well as their lands,
farms, and animals.
7) How do you gather food before the
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do
it now?
According to the Aeta Elders, they were food
gatherers
before
the
Mount
Pinatubo
eruption, and they gathered food by finding
wild plants, fishing, and hunting. They
exchanged their foods with rice in the town
before. Although, the Aeta Elders said that
the Aeta people stopped this traditional
practice of gathering food and altered to
giving services for planting crops to other
people in the town.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
8) How was your situation and your
community
when
the
Mount
Pinatubo erupted?
According to the Aeta Elders, their situation
and the Aeta community when Mount
Pinatubo erupted was to evacuate their place.
Some Aeta Elders admitted that it was not
easy for the people to leave their houses and
everything they had established. Many
struggled to find their family and were
worried for them. But some Aeta people who
did not evacuate died because of the eruption
said to the Aeta Elders of Belbel and Villar.
The Aeta people have evacuated to the Tent
City (Bulawin). Many NGOs helped the
Aeta people after the Mount Pinatubo
eruption by giving them relief goods and
other services.
9) During the eruption, the Aeta
people were forcibly evacuated
from their lands; since you are a
survivor of the traumatic Mount
Pinatubo eruption, what is your
perspective on the others that
stayed to protect their homes?
According to
the Aeta Elders,
their
perspective on the time that the Aeta people
were forced to evacuate because of the
eruption is that the Aeta people have strong
culture and beliefs of where they were born
is to where they will die. They said the others
who stayed to protect their homes did believe
in their God, Apo Namalyari, and be saved
by him. The Aeta Elders said it was hard for
the Aeta people to leave their houses and
farms. Some died selflessly and chose to
protect their animals and their place. While
some said that they are not used to living in
the urban areas and their livelihood is in the
upland.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
10) Most of the Aeta people abandon
their
small
villages
after
the
eruption. What drives you back to
your land even after the eruption
According to the Aeta Elder Respondents,
the reason that drives them back to their land
even after the eruption damaged it is that
their farm is in there. Some go back to the
damages it?
uplands to plant crops as it is the only way
they can earn money by trading their
vegetables to the town. Some of them said
that it is hard for them to get proper jobs in
urban areas, as they need the acquired
academic background to get jobs. The Aeta
people do not have schools in the uplands
before the eruption. After the volcanic
eruption, the Aeta people relied on the NGOs
and the LGUs, as they supplied them with
relief goods and other services. But, as it was
just a temporary supply for their needs, they
returned to the uplands to try to work again.
While some Aeta people who get jobs in the
urban areas stay in the lowlands, they still go
to the uplands to visit their relatives or to
plant crops in their places.
11) Based on your experience, how did
the impact of the Mount Pinatubo
eruption affect the way of living
(the traditional use of natural
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
eruption?
Zambales,
after
the
Based on the experience of the Aeta Elders,
the impact of the Mount Pinatubo eruption
affected the way of living of the Aeta people
in Botolan, Zambales, by relying on the
donations of NGOs for they did not know
how to work in the lowlands. NGOs help
them to earn money by giving them
temporary jobs in organizations. They also
learned other services jobs like washing
other people's laundries and selling products.
They said it was very hard for them as the
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eruption washed out everything they had in
the mountains. As a result, they were now
offering services to other people or planting
crops for them. After the eruption, it is not
easy to return to the uplands because of the
long distance they will travel, as they need
money for transportation. Some Aeta Elders
said there are good things they thank about
that happened because of the eruption, such
as young Aetas being able to go to school in
the lowlands.
12) How did the Aeta people respond
or cope with the effects of the
Mount Pinatubo eruption?
According to the Aeta Elders, the Aeta
people respond or cope with the effects of
the Mount Pinatubo eruption with the
support of the LGUs, providing them with
their needs temporarily, finding jobs to earn
money, and starting a new life in the
lowlands as the government provided them
the resettlement areas. Some Aetas try to
plant crops in the resettlement area, but they
said that it is hard for them to grow plants in
the lowlands as the soils are clay and stony.
Some Aeta Elders returned to the uplands
and accepted the reality of what happened.
13) What is your way of living now?
Does your community do the same?
According to the Aeta Elders, some Aetas’
way of life now is serving others in the town
by planting on their farm, and sometimes the
owner lets them use their field. Some said
that they are working jobs such as doing
laundry. Some said that their life now is
stable, as they can eat enough food within the
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
day. But, they do not have a chance to earn
enough money to make an advance to their
current situation. Some said that some Aetas
returned to the mountains and tried to
cultivate their lands. They were trading the
vegetables they harvested to the town. At the
same time, some of the Aeta Elders devoted
themselves to helping their community.
14) Do you prefer your way of living
now? Do you still want to practice
your authentic traditional food
gathering methods?
According to the Aeta Elders, most of the
Aeta people said they prefer their way of
living in the uplands. As their life before is
much better than their life now since the
Mount Pinatubo eruption happened. Some
said that they prefer their way of living now
as the volcanic eruption led them to other
opportunities as they learned to drive and
have to access transportation, and children
had a chance to get a good education. Some
said that if they have allowed to bring back
their life in the uplands, they would still
choose to practice their authentic traditional
food gathering methods. They also said
everything they needed was in the uplands
and came from their natural resources. Some
Aeta Elders said that some Aeta people are
still
practicing
their
traditional
food
gathering, as men still hunt for birds in the
uplands for their families to secure food.
Others said that they are still relying on the
LGUs and think that it is hard for them to
bring back their life before because of the
situation of the uplands after the eruption.
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15) Over the years after the Mount
Pinatubo eruption, how did the
Aeta people provide for their daily
needs?
According to the Aeta Elders, after the
Mount Pinatubo eruption, the Aeta people
provided for their daily needs by doing
service work for others, sometimes as
construction workers. They did not have the
capabilities to work for long-term companies
because they did not have the educational
background and it is required to get a job.
Some Aeta elders said they relied on the
LGUs' help and the Ngos' donations. Some
Aeta people work with the LGUs and NGOs
in exchange to supply for their daily needs.
Some planted crops and sold them to the
town. Others still return to the uplands to fish
and sell them in the market.
16) Does the government or the LGUs
have been reached your family or
your tribe for any form of help? (If
yes, what are those?)
According to the Aeta Elders, the LGUs
have reached their family and provided them
an affordable price for rice for the last three
(3) months after the eruption. LGUs
provided food, medicines, nipa huts and
housing repairs, and financial assistance but
not enough to support them for their daily
needs. Some Aeta elders said that the LGUs
gave them the “Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program” or 4Ps that provides conditional
cash grants to the poorest to improve the
health, nutrition, and education of Aeta
children. Some said that the LGUs in
Botolan have a Rice Program every rainy
season where they supply rice for the Aeta
community. They also said that the LGUs
were giving the Aeta farmers seedlings for
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their crops to help them to restart and rebuild
their fields and farms.
17) Do the LGUs still restrict the Aeta
people from returning to their
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you
know the reason why?)
According to the Aeta Elders, the LGUs do
not restrict or prevent the Aeta people from
visiting their ancestral lands. But when the
river is rising, the LGUs forbid them from
returning to the uplands as it is dangerous.
The LGUs have the “Balik Barangay
Program for the Aeta community who were
living in the uplands before the eruption
because most of the Aeta people want to
bring back their plantation and swidden
farming in the uplands. They also said that
many Aetas returned to the uplands for this
reason.
18) What can you say about the post
recovery program the government
did? Did it went well for you and
the community?
According to
the Aeta Elders,
their
perspective on the post-recovery program of
the government is a big help to the Aeta
community. They said that for a year after
the Mount Pinatubo eruption, the LGUs
supported them with their everyday needs.
Some said that the resettlement areas
provided for the Aeta community in the
lowlands are enough as the government did
not ask for money for the rent or payment for
the land in return. Some said that the postrecovery program of the government is not
enough for their family’s every need, and
they still have to work to earn money for
their bills.
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19) Our study aims to bring back the
life or the biodiversity in Botolan
before the eruption happened so
that the Aeta people will reclaim
their culture by bringing back their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into
a nature reserve community. What
is your perspective on our study?
According to
the Aeta Elders,
their
perspective on the research study is that the
project is good because they wanted to bring
back their life before, as they were
experiencing
hardships
and
struggles
because of the impact of the Mount Pinatubo
eruption. Some Aeta Elders said that their
livelihood is in the uplands. For this reason,
they want to restore their place and bring
back their lives there. Some Aeta Elders said
the research is a good idea as the Aeta people
are still trying to do the same initiatives to
bring back their lives in the uplands. Some
were worried that they would never have a
chance to return to their lives before as
Mount Pinatubo is still causing volcanic
hazards that can be dangerous to the Aeta
people and their livelihood in the uplands.
While others said that the research is good as
it focuses on the Aeta people. Hence, they
suggested opening the proposed nature
reserve community to other races, not only
for them but because Aeta people are
growing and letting other races be part of
their community.
20) As a primary beneficiary of this
research, are you contented to fully
adapt to the modern way of living
of the Aeta people or reestablish the
traditional
resources?
use
of
natural
According to the Aeta Elders, they should
bring back their lives before the eruption.
They said they have been experiencing
difficulties finding work in the lowlands.
They will no longer have to go back and
forth to the town to work for money to
provide for their daily expenses. Although,
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
some Aeta Elders said they still want to
adapt to the modern way of living now, as
lahar is also beneficial to their crops because
it becomes a natural fertilizer for their fields.
On the other hand, some Aeta Elders said
they are contented to fully adapt to the
modern way of living of the Aeta people as
their children could have a good education in
the lowlands and also, they got jobs in the
local government units.
21) As a primary beneficiary of this
research,
do
you
recommendations
have
that
any
will
contribute to our study?
According to
the Aeta Elders,
their
recommendations to the study as a primary
beneficiary of the research are (1) to have a
program for the Aeta community to have
good
transportation
services.
Some
suggested that even a carabao may help them
with transportation since Aetas walk a long
way from the uplands to get to the lowland
towns and also it can help them in their
swidden farming, (2) water management
because of the demand for water supply in
the affected areas of the eruption, (3)
livelihood activities or program for the Aeta
people to improve their economic aspects,
(4) construction of accessible roads and its
network, (5) good quality of education in the
uplands for the Aeta community, (6) and
other facilities that will help them improve
their quality of life in the uplands.
22) Do you remember any native plants
or trees on your land that existed
According to the Aeta Elders, the native
plants and trees in their land that existed
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before
the
Mount
Pinatubo before the Mount Pinatubo eruption are
eruption?
coconut, banana, taro, paco, santol, avocado,
guava, mango, jackfruit, pomelo, balete,
elephant ear plant, orchids, pine trees,
rambutan, cashew, agoho, anarum, kupang,
dita, kapa, banayuyu, gemilina, auri, kogol,
buho, kaymito, balungayta, kalanat and
tangili.
Profile of the Professionals – Local Government Unit
To provide necessary information that will support the study, the researchers conducted a
Face-to-face interview to the Local Government Unit (LGU) in Botolan, Zambales to help the
researchers to explain and better understand the specific data needed in the research as they
have shared their knowledge, perspectives, and experiences regarding the current situation of
the Aeta community in Botolan, Zambales.

Ledie M. De Leon – Indegenous People Mandatory Representative of the Municipality
of Botolan, Zambales.
Research Questions
Professionals’ Answers
1) As a part of the LGU in Botolan, are
you aware of the circumstances of
the Aeta people regarding losing
their homes and livelihood in
Baytan after the Mount Pinatubo
eruption?
According to the IPM Representative, she
is aware of the circumstances of the Aeta
people regarding losing their homes and
livelihood in Baytan after the Mount
Pinatubo eruption, as she was a captain in
Barangay Nacolcol before.
2) Since the Aeta people are part of
According to the IPM Representative, there
your community, does the LGU
were current plans/programs for the Aeta
have current plans/programs for
people. These are programs, such as Aeta
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the current issues/problems the
farmers were given a harvester like the
Aeta people have?
wheat crops (abono or palay) to help their
agriculture. They also got job services to
work in reforestation. The current program
o
If yes, what are the current
of the LGU for the Aeta people is “Burikit
plans/programs of the
Support”, where they are giving food and
LGU?
financial assistance to support them.
3) Do the LGUs still restrict the Aeta
people from returning to their
According to the IPM Representative, they
were not restricted to going back to the
ancestral lands?
uplands but most of the Aeta people stayed
o If yes, what are the reasons
in the lowlands even though it is hard for
them to earn money in lowland towns, they
for the restriction?
have no choice but to work hard for the Aeta
children could continuously go to school.
Regarding the volcanic hazards, the LGUs
are alert and still monitoring Mount
Pinatubo to secure the safety of the Aeta
people.
4) The Aeta people are the primary
beneficiary of our research and part
of your community. Do you think it
is better for them to fully adapt to
the modern way of living of the Aeta
people
or
traditional
reestablish
use
of
their
natural
resources?
According to the IPM Representative, the
Aeta
people
should
reestablish
their
traditional use of natural resources. As it
will help to bring back their lands, and they
will no longer have a problem in terms of
ownership like before, for everything that
they need can get to the natural resources.
5) Are you aware of what is a nature
reserve community?
According to the IPM Representative, she is
not aware what a nature reserve community
is.
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6) Our study aims to bring back the
life or the biodiversity in Baitan
before the eruption happened for
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture by bringing back their
According to the IPM Representative, the
proposal of the study, which is to make the
ancestral lands nature reserve community is
good for the Aeta people.
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into
a nature reserve community. What
is your perspective on our study?
7) As part of the LGU, do you have any
recommendations
that
will
contribute to our study?
According to the IPM Representative, her
recommendations to the study as part of the
LGU are to build livelihood programs for
the women in the uplands, and carabao for
transportation, and she wants the Aeta
people to be protected and be far from
danger.
Profile of the Professionals – Agriculturist
To provide necessary information that will support the study, the researchers consulted
professionals with expertise in the field of Agriculture to help the researchers to explain and
better understand the specific data needed in the research as they have shared their knowledge,
perspectives, and experiences regarding the same situations relating to the soil types and its
situation, soil fertility, processes or management in water and infiltration rates, and their
knowledge in sustainable land management approaches and techniques.

Ms. Bella H. Noceda – a Senior Agriculturist in the Division of Soil Survey of Bureau
of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) of the Department of Agriculture (DA).

Ms. Djolly Ma. Dinamling – an Agriculturist II in the Division of Soil Conservation
of Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) of the Department of Agriculture
(DA).
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Professionals’ Answers
Research Questions
1) The soil types of Barangay Villar,
which is the chosen site of the
research based on the researchers’
site selection, are Mountain soil
(undifferentiated),
Villar
sandy
loam, Angeles sand, and Antipolo
clay. The question is, what are the
differences between the soil types of
Barangay Villar and what are its
strengths and weaknesses?
According to the Senior Agriculturist, the
majority of the soil in Barangay Villar is
mountain soil (undifferentiated), which is
shallow, stony, and has an excessive amount
of surface drainage. She added that
Mountain soils are those that have not
undergone soil sampling and testing. She
stated that the clay, silt, and sand mixture
known as the Villar sandy loam is suitable
for use in crop planting. While the sand from
Angeles is light, warm, and dry, it has a
tendency to be acidic and low in nutrients,
but it drains water quickly and is simple to
work with. Lastly, the Antipolo clay
is sticky and can hold more total water than
most other soil types.
2) What plants can survive in the soil
types of Barangay Villar?
According to the Senior Agriculturist, the
plants that can survive in the soil types of
Barangay Villar are peanuts, soybeans, and
legumes.
3) In agriculture maintenance, what
are the difference between organic,
inorganic, and foliar fertilizer?
According to the Senior Agriculturist,
organic fertilizers contain manures, leaves,
and compost that can be a product of
naturally occurring processes. On the other
hand, inorganic fertilizer is manufactured
artificially
and
contains
minerals
or
synthetic chemicals. Foliar fertilizers are
designed to be applied or sprayed directly to
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the leaves of a plant, unlike organic and
inorganic where they should be applied
directly to the soil.
A. Follow-up Questions
According to the Senior Agriculturist, it is
a) Is there any fertilizer that
you could recommend to the
site’s soil type (which is
majority is the Villar Sandy
Loam) that can be used in
the study?
hard to fertilize the sandy loam soil because
it cannot hold the fertilizer. She said there is
a right time and season when the right
fertilizer is applied. She added that it
depends on what plant will be used in the site
for the researchers to know the maintenance
of the plant in terms of fertilizing. She
recommended conducting a laboratory soil
test that will show the lacking nutrient of the
soil that causes a delay in the effect of the
fertilizer. It will also provide fertilizer
computation needed for the plant.
4) As an expertise of agriculture, is
there any processes or management
practices
on
how
to
increase/decrease
water
and
infiltration rates?
According to the Senior Agriculturist,
infiltration is the downward entry of water
into the soil. In comparison to slower
movement through clay soil with small
pores, water moves more quickly through
the large pores of sandy soil. She also added
that there are crops that can retain the water
and cannot retain water depending on the
soil type and the climate of the site.
While according to Agriculturist II, the role
of soil is to hold the water. The soil is
considered to know what form strategies
will be going to be used in the site. If
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specifically
needed
to
decrease
the
infiltration rate of the site’s soil type which
is the sandy loam soil, the researchers can
use structural strategies. For example, is the
Small Farm Reservoir (SFR) and Suit, which
harvest the water to decrease the infiltration
rate if the site has its vegetation. Other
landscape strategies that can be used are
vegetative, agro-economic, and the planted
vegetative strip.
5) Ecological succession is a natural
recovery of a place that have been
disturbed
by
an
ecological
disturbance. Our topic aims to
accelerate the ecological succession
in which it will speed-up the process
of ecological recovery within an
ecologically disturbed place. The
researchers believe that it could be
a solution to bring it will bring back
the life or the biodiversity in Baytan
before the eruption happened for
According to the Senior Agriculturist, it is
possible to reestablish the biodiversity of the
affected areas in the uplands as long as the
researchers will find the accurate crops
needed and can survive on the site. She
insisted on taking laboratory tests to analyze
the soil content and to know the suitable
plants for the site. She added that the depth
of lahar should be considered as if it
measures more than a meter, it will surely be
hard to plant in its soil.
the Aeta people will also reclaim According to Agriculturist II, based on her
their culture by bringing back their experience documenting sustainable land
traditional use of natural resources. management approaches and techniques, it
What is your perspective on our is certainly possible, but it takes time. They
study?
had a project, the Community-Based Forest
Management (CBFM), which took them 15
years to see the growth of vegetation. In the
25th year, its vegetation becomes thicker
and more grown. She stated that for the
project to succeed, there should be an
organization of the people that will take care
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of it and will get an additional subsidy from
the
government.
Same
with
the
Conservation Farming Village (CFV) as it
also becomes successful over time because
of active farmers associations, as well as
their LGU.
6) Do you believe that, despite being
damaged and filled with lahar, the
soil in Barangay Villar can still be
used for agriculture?
According to Agriculturist II, the lahar soil
is very fertile. The ashes of the Mount
Pinatubo eruption caused the affected areas
to increase their soil fertility. For her, the
soil in the uplands is not that damaged, and
it is just regrowth or rebirth of the soil. She
said that fields filled with lahars can still be
used for agriculture, as she has heard in
many stories that the impact of the eruption
is beneficial to the soil as it becomes more
productive than before.
7) Are there any agricultural methods
or strategies that you are aware of
that could be used in the study?
According
to
Agriculturist
II,
she
recommended methods or strategies such as
the Conservation Farming Village since the
study area was not damaged but marginal.
They created terraces to remove and replace
the rocks and put them in the same area.
They dig the soil for them to use for
production. She added a project relating to
nitrogen-fixing
plants
was
conducted
before. They were planting legions in the
grasslands because there was no topsoil, and
the project made the soil productive. It took
them three (3) years to make the soil
productive. She also recommends Multi-
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
storey
cropping,
because
there
are
ecological patches for the forest and
production so plantings can be arranged in a
hierarchy (smallest to tallest). Lastly, the
natural
regeneration from the DENR
preserves and cares for the windings within
the forest, which was before a grassland and
continues to grow more and becomes thicker
over time.
B. Follow-Up Questions
b) Since the Indigenous People
of
Aetas
Botolan,
community
Zambales
in
will
benefit with this research,
do you think the government
will support this project?
According to Agriculturist II, if the project
is
presented
Environmental
to
and
the
Department
Natural
of
Resources
(DENR), the project can be supported by the
international organization. Specifically in
the divisions of the Forest Management
Bureau (DENR-FMB) and Biodiversity
Management Bureau (DENR-DMB). She
added that the agriculture sector will be part
of the project if only there are agricultural
activities involved in the project.
III.
ARCHIVAL RESEARCH DATA
This section includes all the archived information that the researchers gathered throughout
Chapter 3. Knowledge about the Aetas and their ancestral lands in Botolan, Zambales, as well
as information about landscape technologies and strategies may be found in the documents and
studies acquired. Only the data needed for the study was included, therefore the data were
thoroughly studied. The information that will be used are from the Botolan Municipal
Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2018-2027 on its Volume 1: Land Use Plan and Volume 3:
Sectoral Studies. The next three are the Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Soils and Water
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Management’s Atlas of Soil Base Agricultural Guide Maps Luzon Island Volume 1, Soil
Report 13: Soil Survey of Zambales Province Philippines, and Philippine Case Studies on
Sustainable Land Management: Approaches and Technologies. The researchers will also use a
book from the municipality entitled Pamana: Botolan’s 200th Founding Anniversary
Commemorative Book, written by Jayson J. Nalicat and Rosario C. Aguilar and published in
2020. The researchers anticipate obtaining more official accounts and studies as they will
continue to visit the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the National Ecology
Center, and the Municipality of Botolan, Zambales.
Comprehensive Land Use Plan – Ancestral Domain (Botolan, Zambales)
Within the boundaries of the Municipality of Botolan are found several Aytas domains.
Two distinct Ancestral Domains have been established. Barangays Burgos, Villar, Belbel, and
Moraza are included in the first one's scope. Other Ancestral Domains that were applied for
delineation and titling include the lands encompassed by the barangays of Maguisguis,
Nacolcol, Cabatuan, Palis, Malomboy, a section of San Juan (Sitio Tumangan), and Porac. The
second domain encompasses the barangays of Poonbato and Owaog-Nebloc (Sitio
Calibungan).
Bihawo, Loobbunga Resettlement Area, and Baquilan Resettlement Area are the three areas
in which the Ayta people who were displaced as a result of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo are
presently residing.
Table 4.1. Ancestral Domain in Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.1. Map of the Ancestral Domain in Botolan, Zambales
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1. Climate
Type 1 of the Modified Coronas Climate Classification applies to the Municipality of
Botolan, as it does to other locations in the western portion of Luzon, Mindoro, Negros, and
Palawan. This type of climate is distinguished by two distinct seasons: dry from November to
April and wet for the remainder of the year. The heaviest rainfall occurs between June and
September. These regions are sheltered by mountain ranges, yet they are susceptible to the rain
produced by the Habagat and tropical cyclones.
Figure 4.2. Climate Map in Botolan, Zambales
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Temperature rise is an additional climate-related factor that might amplify typhoon
damage. This would result in drought and groundwater depletion for the economy, especially
the agricultural sector. Additionally, forest fires and landslides are occurring with increasing
regularity. Families that depend on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for a living would be
negatively affected. In an urban context, an increase in temperature would cause urban heat,
which would increase the demand for cooling. These variations in temperature increase health
hazards not just for humans, but also for poultry/livestock and animal populations.
2. Altitude
Lahar continues to cover a significant section of the land within the municipality, notably
on the precipitous slopes that are located around the crater of Mount Pinatubo. The majority of
the municipality's undulating to moderately steep, steep, and very steep terrain, with slopes
ranging from 8 to 30 percent, 30 to 50 percent, and over 50 percent, respectively, can be found
in the northern and southwest parts of the municipality. These are highlands that are 500 meters
above sea level and not suitable for agricultural use.
3. Slope
According to data gathered by the Disaster Risk and Exposure Assessment for Mitigation
(DREAM) Program Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) System at the University of the
Philippines, about thirty percent of Botolan's land area has a slope of at least 18 percent or
higher. The tallest peak in terms of elevation was assessed to be 1,560 meters, and it was
followed by Mt. Pinatubo Peak, which had an elevation of 1,490 meters.
Table 4.2. Slope Category in Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.3. Slope Map of Botolan, Zambales
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4. Natural Hazards

Landslides
In terms of landslide susceptibility, the analyzed barangays contain areas that are situated
on or near slopes and riverbanks and have the potential for landslide occurrence. The rating of
each barangay shown below pertains specifically to the barangay proper, where the bulk of the
population resides. These barangays were given a Landslide Threat Advisory notifying them
of their vulnerability to landslides and the related barangay-specific advice.
Based on MGB rating, landslide level parameters are as follows:
a) Very High – Areas usually with steep to very steep slopes and underlain by weak
materials, structures dipping towards the slope surface and nearness to faults. Recent
landslides, escarpments and tension crack are present. Human initiated effects could be
an aggravating factor.
b) High – Areas usually with steep to very steep slopes and underlain by weak materials,
structures dipping towards the slope surface and nearness to faults. Areas with
numerous old/inactive landslide.
c) Moderate – Areas with moderate steep slopes. Soil creep and other indications for
possible landslide occurrence are present.
d) Low – Gently sloping area with no identified landslides.
The MGB geo-hazard assessment summarizes the following:
 Barangay Moraza with low to moderate landslide susceptibility.
 Barangay Belbel, Burgos, and Villar with low landslide susceptibility.
Table 4.3. Rain-Induced Landslide Susceptibility Areas in Botolan
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
Volcanic Hazards
Lahar flows, debris-flows, lava flows, pyroclastic surges, tephra fall, and ballistic
projectiles are some of the major and secondary hazards that can be caused by an eruption of a
volcano. An eruption from Mount Pinatubo, which last erupted on June 15, 1991, is believed
to have produced roughly 200 million cubic meters of lahar in Bucao River alone, according
to the Philippine Volcanology and Seismology (PHILVOCS) organization.
Table 4.4. Volcanic Hazard Susceptibility Areas in Botolan
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Figure 4.4. Volcanic Hazards Map of Botolan, Zambales
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Comprehensive Land Use Plan – Ancestral Domain (Lands)
1. Land Cover
Approximately 47,000 hectares, or 67% of the land, in Botolan is comprised of grasslands
and shrublands, making up the majority of the area is covered with vegetation. This was
followed by inland water, which accounts for 8,714 hectares or 12.4% of the area and contains
the important water channels that are a part of the Bucao Watershed. In addition, croplands and
agricultural fields cover a significant percentage of the municipality, accounting for 5,300
hectares, or 7.6% of the total land area. Although the bulk of the municipality is comprised of
forestlands, there are only 4,725 hectares, which constitutes 6.7% of the total land area and
4.8% of the open forests. There are just 594.79 hectares worth of built-up areas, which is about
0.85% of the total land area. The many types of land cover that may be found in Botolan are
outlined in the table below.
Table 4.5. Land Cover by Type in Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.5. Land Cover Map of Botolan, Zambales
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2. Existing Land Use
The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991 had a considerable influence on the existing terrain
as well as the land uses that were in place in the municipality before the event. The bulk of the
upland-eastern communities were compelled to evacuate and migrate to new resettlement sites
in the western portion of the municipality as a result of lahar floods and ashfall. Presently, just
a few different types of land uses and activities can be found in the mentioned eastern section.
The vast majority of them are associated with agricultural production and serve as settlements
for the indigenous peoples. Sand from the lahar continues to blanket a significant section of
these properties, particularly in the areas near the river courses. As a result, the majority of the
activities and constructions can be found mainly concentrated in western barangays.
In 2018, a mapping exercise focused on land use was carried out in order to ascertain the
real land use distribution. These land uses have been defined based on the results of field
surveys, interpretations of aerial photos, and discussions in focused groups. The following
observations and findings were made during the mapping activity:

Agricultural – Agricultural land uses cover an estimated 5,874 hectares or about 8.4%
of the municipality’s land area. These can be found in sections of western barangays
and are also present in some portions of the eastern barangays. These lands are usually
used for farming agricultural crops such as rice, corn, vegetables, root crops, and fruits,
among others.

Grassland and shrublands – This land use category was identified as agricultural and
forestlands that is not being utilized in its optimal use. Currently, these lands are
grasslands and shrublands used for pasture and annual crops. This category covers
5,905 hectares or 8.42% of the total land area.

Residential – Land area allocated for shelter and residences comprise of 1,083.19
hectares or 1.54% of the municipality’s land area. This land area may also include
minor commercial land uses, such as sari-sari stores, which were not captured by the
land use survey. It can be observed that these land uses are concentrated along transport
lines, near the Poblacion area, and parts of the resettlement sites (Baquilan, Loob-Bunga
and Taugtog). A very small percentage of these land uses are present in the eastern
portion of the municipality, majority of which are settled by IPs. Average residential
lot size within the municipality are estimated to be about 250 sq.m.
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
River and Water Bodies – This covers a total of 8,798.59 hectares or 12.55% of the
municipality’s land area; this includes the major rivers, creeks, lakes, and other inland
waters.

Sand – These are loose granular substances, typically pale yellowish brown, resulting
from the erosion of siliceous and other rock and forming a major constituent of beaches,
riverbeds, the seabed, and deserts. This covers a significant portion of the municipality
amounting to about 1,926.34 hectares or 2.75% of the total land area. These are located
along the beaches and rive plains.
a) Agricultural Production
As one of the primary sources of income for locals, agricultural productivity must be
increased during the planning period. The construction of agricultural support facilities and
infrastructure, including irrigation canals, water impounding structures, and solar-powered
irrigation facilities, is required. Formerly non-agricultural areas that are now considered
alienable and disposable should be turned into high-value croplands. In addition, existing
agricultural areas that are currently irrigated should be categorized as protected agriculture
zones, prohibiting the reclassification and conversion of these lands by their owners. Farmers
and landowners will also be supplied with knowledge on climate resilience (such as climateresilient crops and practices) to guarantee that these sectors are not negatively impacted by
climate change.
b) Forest Production
DENR-Region 3 determined the boundaries of Botolan's production forests using the
municipality's Forest Zones Map and Land Classification as their sources of information. These
natural resource-based production zones may be used for activities that are controlled, such as
the production of commercial wood and agro-forestry, rangeland and grazing land, plantations,
tourism, and fishponds. Other possible uses include: The exploitation of mineral resources may
also be permitted in certain places, provided that the miners adhere to the prescribed procedures
and criteria established by the DENR-MGB.
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Figure 4.6. Existing Land Use Map of Botolan, Zambales
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3. Zoning and Network of Protected Areas
a) National Protected Areas System
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) is "the classification and
administration of all designated protected areas to maintain essential ecological processes and
life-support systems, to preserve genetic diversity, to ensure sustainable use of resources found
there, and to maintain their natural conditions as much as possible." The implementation and
operation of the system should include the following: All areas or islands in the Philippines
proclaimed, designated or set aside, pursuant to a law, presidential decree, presidential
proclamation or executive order as national park, game refuge, bird and wildlife sanctuary,
natural area, strict nature reserve, watershed, mangrove reserve, fish sanctuary, natural and
historical landmark, protected and managed landscape/ seascape as well as identified and still
be identified old-growth forests, are hereby designated as initial components of the System.
Indigenous Communities Conserved Areas (ICCAS) that overlap with protected areas must be
recognized and respected in accordance with Section 9 of Republic Act 11038 or the Expanded
NIPAS Act.
b) Non-NIPAS System
There are still protected areas within the municipality, since their classifications fall within
Non-NIPAS criteria, such as:

Protection due to some areas having more than 50% slope.

Protection due to some areas having elevation of more than 1,000 meters above sea
level.

Protection due to imposition of buffer strips along irrigation canals and some bodies of
water.

Protection due to easement areas allotted the identified fault line or environmentally
constrained areas.
c) Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture
The Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM), in
conjunction with NAMRIA, is responsible for identifying agricultural areas that will become
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part of the Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture and Agro-industrial Development
(NPAAAD). The NPAAAD is responsible for ensuring that land is used effectively for
agricultural and agri-industrial development, as well as the promotion of sustainable growth.
The NPAAAD covers the following:
 All irrigated areas and all irrigable lands already covered by irrigation projects with
firm funding commitments.
 All alluvial plain land highly suitable for agriculture whether irrigated or not.
 Agro-industrial crop lands or lands presently planted to industrial crops that support the
viability of existing agriculture infrastructure and agri-based enterprises.
 Highlands, areas located at an elevation of five hundred (500) meters or above and have
the potential for growing semi temperate and high-value crops.
 All agricultural lands that are ecologically fragile, the conversion of which will result
in serious environmental degradation.
 Mangrove areas and fish sanctuaries.
The NPAAAD zones are the most productive agricultural lands and the traditional source
of food and cash crops. They are the most stable agricultural areas and can support a wide
variety of crops with minimal to moderate farm maintenance. On these territories, investments
in agricultural infrastructures are often made to support current and planned varied croplands
and agri-industrial fields.
Protected agricultural regions are the main locations for grain and crop production. This
area was diminished owing to the entry of lahar into Botolan's eastern barangays. After the
eruption, there are an estimated 2,631.87 hectares of irrigated and possibly irrigable land, which
represents just 3.75 percent of the overall land area. The NPAAAD map also indicates that the
Municipality of Botolan is comprised of environmentally sensitive territories (erodible lands,
highland, and pasture lands) as well as irrigable and diverse agricultural fields (alluvial and
sloping).
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Table 4.6. Network of Protected Areas in Botolan, Zambales
Figure 4.7.Network of Protected Areas for Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Development
Map of Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.7. Network of Protected Areas Map of Botolan, Zambales
Figure 4.8. Zoning Map of Botolan, Zambales
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4. Forest Zone
Identified areas for protection forest in Botolan are now devoid of forest cover with the
exception of a small area along the northeastern boundary and an area along barangay
Panan in the direction of Bucao Bridge. If efforts are not taken to preserve and restore the
growth of the protective forest, this status could deteriorate more rapidly. Protection forests
are those with a slope of at least 50 percent and an elevation of at least 1,000 meters, as
well as places specified by the DENR under the Municipal Forest Land Use Plan.
Figure 4.9. Forest Zone Map of Botolan, Zambales
5. Roads and Bridges
As can be seen in Tables 6-1, Botolan has a total of 209 roads, and the combined length
of all of these roads is roughly 127.396 kilometers. The table provides an overview of the
roads in each barangay, categorizing them according to type and condition. The overall
length of the road circulation system within the municipality is 63.81 kilometers. Of this
total, 5.58 kilometers are municipal roads, 12.95 kilometers are provincial roads, 26.94
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percent are national roads, and nearly 30 kilometers are barangay or farm to market roads.
In conclusion, the majority of the roads are made of concrete (35.40%) and earth/dirt
(34.93%), and they are either in good condition (35.36%) or need to be rehabilitated
(39.23%).
Table 4.7. Inventory of Road by Length and Surface Type in Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.10. Road Network Map of Botolan, Zambales
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Comprehensive Land Use Plan – Ancestral Domain (Soils)
1. Soils
The municipality contains five types of soil, one of which is called Villar Sandy Loam. It
can be found in the upper half of Botolan, between the Balinbaquero and Bucao Rivers, and it
extends all the way from Poonbato to Villar proper. Antipolo clay can be discovered near the
foot of Mount Botolan and Mount Mobang Hill, which are located in the southwest limit of the
municipality, as well as to the southwest of Mount Dome. Clay known as Bancal can be found
in the northwest corner of Botolan, at the border between barangays Mambog and Paitan. The
Bancal series are part of the older alluvial plain and have soil that is often rather deep and have
profiles that are only moderately developed. The area around the Bucao and Balinbaquero
rivers is where you will most often find Angeles sand, but the northwest middle part of Botolan
is where you will find Angeles fine sand. The beach sand can be found in the municipal areas
that are located along the coast. Even though some portions of the municipality were covered
by lahar, it is presumed that the soil profile of the municipality has not changed.
Table 4.8. Soil Description of Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.11. Soil Map of Botolan, Zambales
2. Soil Erosion Potential
The Soil Erosion Potential Map illustrates the locations that are at risk of soil erosion due
to the presence of water or earth movements. This is because of topography (especially the
steepness and length of slopes), as well as soil erodibility, which takes into account the
absorptive ability of the soil to rainwater and the protective cover provided by vegetation. It
has been determined that the uplands of Botolan have a propensity for both mild and severe
erosion.
Table 4.9. Soil Erosion in Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.12. Soil Erosion Potential Map of Botolan, Zambales
Comprehensive Land Use Plan – Ancestral Domain (Waters)
1. Watershed and River System
The municipality also falls inside a number of watersheds, the largest of which being the
Bucao Watershed, as can be seen on the map. The land area that falls under each watershed is
broken down into tables below.
Table 4.10. Watersheds in Botolan, Zambales
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Figure 4.13. Watersheds and River Systems Map of Botolan, Zambales
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2. Groundwater
When compared to the municipalities located in the neighboring provinces of Pampanga
and Tarlac, this municipality's overall groundwater resources are significantly lower than those
found in those neighboring municipalities. Because the aquifers in the area are less productive,
the groundwater resources in Botolan are limited to those that are suitable for consumption in
the local area, as seen on the map of groundwater availability. These parts of the municipality
can be found in the western and eastern barangays. It was determined that the central and
mountainous groundwater zones of Botolan have either no major pumpable groundwater or
only a limited amount of pumpable groundwater. As can be seen in the map, the vast majority
of Botolan's current water supply comes from several wells located deep underground and
springs.
Figure 4.14. Groundwater Availability Map of Botolan, Zambales
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Comprehensive Land Use Plan – Ancestral Domain (Biodiversity)
1. Key Biodiversity
According to the Biodiversity Management Bureau of the DENR, a portion of Botolan,
specifically the northern portion of the barangays San Juan, Malomboy, and Cabatuan, is
included in the Zambales Mountain Terrestrial Key Biodiversity Area. This information was
obtained from the municipality of Botolan (KBA). KBAs are distinct locations that are home
to a significant amount of plant and animal life, as well as other forms of vital biodiversity.
According to the Red List maintained by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature
(IUCN), the Philippine Warty Pig and the Philippine Deer, both of which were found in this
area, are both in danger of going extinct. The Zambales Mountain KBA is located in the
Philippines. These were discovered to be in danger of being driven out from their habitats by
mining operations, illicit logging, and forest fires, all of which pose a risk to them.
2. Flora and Fauna
Botolan's forested areas are alive with an abundance of floral species. The "pitcher plant,"
which is abundant in Sitio Nagbutilya, Malomboy, is one of the endangered kinds of plants
that, according to CENRO, can only be found in Botolan. The pitcher plant is an insectivorous
plant with leaves that capture and consume insects. Unwary insects find their way into the
pitcher, where they are drowned by the water that gathers inside. Waling-waling and Pakpaklawin may also be found on Mt. Cahapatan at Poonbato. In the Botolan highlands, animals like
"labuyo" chickens, wild pigs, and deer are still extant.
3. Non Mineral Resources
The Botolan forest regions are home to a wide variety of rattan species, including the
Kurapling, Palasan, and Taingang-Baboy. The Bojo-bikao and Almasiga that can be found in
Barangay Cabatuan both have resin that may be harvested from them. In addition, Barangay
Cabatuan has an abundance of gugo, which is an alternative to shampoo (ICRMP, 2010).
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Soil Report 13: Soil Survey of Zambales Province Philippines
1. Angeles Fine Sand
Depth of Soil
(cm)
Characteristics
0-25
Surface soil, pale gray to ash gray to nearly white when dry and brownish
gray to dark gray when wet. It is sand to coarse sand mixed with some
fine sandy loam materials which are dust-like when dry.
25-55
Subsoil, gray to pale gray to ash gray when dry and brownish gray to
dark when wet. It is loam gravelly poor in organic matter. The depth
ranges from 50 to 55 centimeters from the surface
55-below
Substratum, course sand to gravelly sand brownish gray to ash gray
Table 4.11. Angeles Fine Sand Characteristics by Depth
According to the Angeles series, this is the second largest soil type that has been mapped
and classified. The total land area is 13,893 hectares, which is 3.82 percent of the total. It can
be found in the towns of Castillejos, San Antonio, San Narciso, and San Felipe, as well as
Botolan. In addition, a small area in the municipality of San Marcelino also contains Angeles
fine sand. The surface soil, which has a depth of between 20 and 25 cm, varies in color from
light gray to ash gray and is composed of fine sand that is loose and lacks structure. It has a
large proportion of organic matter within its composition. To a depth of sixty centimeters (60)
below the surface, the subsoil is gray to pale gray in color, loose and gravelly, and contains a
lower concentration of organic matter. The substratum can be found beneath this horizon and
extends down to a depth of 70 cm from the surface. The color ranges from a brownish gray
when wet to virtually white when dry, and the texture ranges from coarse sand to gravelly sand.
The most significant component of this sequence of soil types is the Angeles fine sand. The
terrain ranges from being almost completely flat to having very gentle hills, and the majority
of the area is used for the production of lowland rice. On the other hand, corn, sugar cane,
native onions, vegetables, and root crops like cassava, camote, and peanut are all among the
crops that are cultivated.
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2. Antipolo Clay
This type of soil may be found across a total area of 57,721 hectares, which includes the
hills and mountains of Cabangan, San Felipe, San Antonio, Subic, Castillejos, and Olongapo,
as well as the rolling plains, hills, and mountains that can be found between Olongapo and
Bataan Province. Due to its rugged and mountainous terrain, it does not play a vital role in
agriculture. The formation of large gullies has been facilitated by the significant advancement
of erosion in bare places. The upland rice, corn, and vegetable production takes place in the
rolling parts of the landscape. A variety of fruit trees, including mango, caimito, avocado, and
others, are also cultivated here. Reforestation efforts are currently underway in the areas that
are bordered by the Bataan-Zambales zigzag route. These areas are being planted with Narra
and other related forest plants. In the municipalities of San Felipe and Cabangan, maguey is
grown on some of the slopes of the hills.
3. Villar Sandy Loam
Depth of Soil
(cm)
Characteristics
0-30
Surface soil, gray to dark gray when dry and dark gray to almost black
when wet, loose and fine granular sandy loam to silt loam. Plenty of
organic matter. Boundaries between horizons are clear and smooth.
30-45
Highly weathered chalk-like sandy material, almost white in color, easily
pulverized with the fingers. This is the upper layer of the subsoil.
45-65
Highly weathered sandstone, loose, porous, and granular, whitish gray in
color with reddish steaks, middle layer of subsoil
65-120
The same as the surface soil in color, texture and structure. Lower
subsoil.
120-below
Indefinite depth of weathered sandstone, whitish gray in color with
reddish steaks, porous, very loose, and granular. Sandstone boulders are
scattered and lined in this horizon.
Table 4.12. Villar Sandy Loam Characteristics by Depth
The majority of this type is composed of flat and level terrain. The topsoil has a depth of
between 15 and 30 centimeters and is very easy to work. In the past, upland rice, sugar cane,
corn, vegetables, and root crops such as cassava, peanuts, and camote were diked. As a result,
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lowland rice fields in Central Luzon, which are similar to those in the rest of the Philippines,
will invariably be able to support the cultivation of upland rice. The area's rolling topography
lends itself particularly well to the cultivation of fruit trees and to uses related to pasture.
Pamana: Botolan’s 200th Founding Anniversary Commemorative Book
1. History

Villar
In 1875, Barangay Villar was founded in honor of Colonel Villar. The old name
of the neighborhood was "Buhel-Daan," formed from the Negrito words for
"middle" and "trail," respectively. Mount Pinatubo was located in this area.
According to old barangay history, the initial settlers were a couple named Apo
Kayawa Balintay and Donata Magtanong who lived at the base of Mount Pinatubo
in an area known as "higara". The couple was blessed with ten daughters and two
sons. Their daughters married members of the "Buliat" clan from the western
regions. They referred to this location as "Libon" or well, where their daughters
fetched water and met their husbands.
Residents affected by the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo were evacuated to
Loob-bunga Resettlement Area and LAKAS-Bihawo in Barangay Mambog.

Burgos
Barangay Burgos connects nearby communities: from the north to the west,
Buhen-lawak and Kawayan separate it from Barangay Poonbato. Mount Liwitan,
which runs west to south, separates Barangay Villar from the Municipality of
Cabangan. Patal Bara continues to move southward, approaching the mountain
ranges of Magbibituen and Mohon that separate the barangays of Moraza and
Belbel from the municipality of San Felipe. From the west to the east, the Lina
mountain range extends to Mount Antongen, Makakhal, and Panyabutan. These
mountain ranges separate Barangay Belbel from the town of San Marcelino, while
Mt. Pinatubo to the east separates Barangays Belbel, Villar, and Pampanga from
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Barangay Burgos and the province of Tarlac. The Stream of Gaway flows from the
east to the north, followed by the Stream of Bankal and the Stream of Buwabo.
These streams separate Burgos from the barangays of Nacolcol and Maguisguis.
Brgy. Burgos trades its abundant fruit, such as sweet potato, banana, and taro,
as it coordinates neighboring places and coordinates with the inhabitants of
neighboring areas.

Moraza
Barangay Moraza is reportedly one of the city's oldest barangays. In numerous
descriptions of Botolan's history, it is invariably associated with the names Villar,
Burgos, and Belbel. It is said to be one of the communities in which the Aytas first
resided and preserved a basic way of life.
People from Moraza cultivate the fertile soil and sell bananas, banana blooms,
ginger, and root crops in the "mora" way.

Belbel
Previously a part of Moraza, Barangay Belbel didn't become a separate
barangay until August 1981, when the order from the Philippine Congress about the
list forwarded by Mayor Atty. Amor D. Deloso to Malacañang took effect in 1979.
Payudpud, a barangay in the municipality of San Marcelino, is located to the south
of barangay Belbel.
2. Culture

Sinaunang Kagamitang Pangingisda
One of the livelihoods in Botolan is fishing. Due to the Botoleños old practices
and their natural resourcefulness, they use many kinds of fishing equipment that are
only made from local materials like bamboo.
One of the fishing equipment they use is called "halakeb" which is made from
ball-like shaped bamboo pieces with uniform sizes. This can trap river resources
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such as crabs, freshwater prawns, snakeheads, catfish, "keyekey," "taunahan," and
other kinds of freshwater fish.
Additionally, they use "bukatot," which is created using one or two containers
that are connected together and could be made of chicken wire. Only the center of
the two circular containers has its opening. Wrapped rice bran is hung on both sides
of the equipment as fish bait. Depending on how large the equipment was
manufactured, fish of all sizes, including snakeheads, St. Peter's fish, and labyrinth
fish, can be caught with this method.
On the other side, they refer to the container they use for the fish they catch as
"kubog," including palia, "bayatubot," crabs, or small fish. This is constructed from
thin bamboo strips that have been weaved together, and the bamboo lid includes a
piercing feature that points downward and toward the container's bottom to ensure
that the fish being trapped won't escape.
Other than this, there are also called abangan, ansag, taen, payukpaw, heed,
dagdag, tapangan, oraor, pokot, mangukaw, baniwit, kunay (lubid), bintol, bikol
(pana), taba (lambat), kitang, kawil, and other kinds of fishing equipment that has a
big help with the lives of the Botolan citizen.

Ayta’s Calendar: Traces of Tradition and Everyday Life
Aytas have their own calendar with its own unique names of the months drawn
from common objects and activities commonly done during a given season. This
assists them in distinguishing the seasons and planning their activities throughout
the year. They have numerous chores and responsibilities for each season, so they
label each month with something that will remind them of the season. Kulilit
(January) is the first month in their calendar, and it is harvest season.
Kulilit refers to the scythe that is used to harvest palay. Panengey (February) is
a time when people congregate around a fire each morning to keep warm during the
winter weather. Yugue (March) is the season where their lips grow dry due to hot
and windy weather. Lanitak (April) is the month when the temperature becomes so
hot that bamboos and bohos shatter audibly. Boo (May) is the month when thunder
is frequently heard. Tuleng (June) is when precipitation begins. Heavy rains and
flood come during Dal-al (July). When Aytas witness noteworthy periods of severe
rainfall, it is Lawa-lawa month (August). Baik (September), which follows the rainy
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season, is when Aytas hunt wild animals with a Baik trap. When hunters pursue
wild animals without killing them. Then the month of Kilay (October) arrives. The
succeeding months are Kaliwan (November) and Manok (December).
Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches and Technologies
1. Technologies on Different Ecosystems (Upland – Hillyland: 100-500 masl)

Gently sloping to rolling (<18% Slope) (Upland) – Modified cropland soil
conservation measures: alley cropping with vegetative (grass or legumes) barriers:
alley cropping or hedge row intercropping system

Rolling to moderately steep (18-30% Slope) (Hillyland) – Diversified cropland,
suitable for pasture or forest. This can be developed for agriculture by adopting
cultivation with careful practices.

Moderately steep to very steep (>30% Slope) (Hillyland) – Best suited for forest
and pasture. Can be developed by adopting farm-based agroforestry system coupled
with soil conservation and management practices.
a) Technologies per Conservation Measure (Vegetative)
Seed Production of Multi-Purpose Shrubs/Legumes
In sloping locations where flemingia (Flemingia macrophylla) and Indigofera (Indigofera
tinctoria) are thickly planted along contours, seed production of multipurpose shrubs and
legumes is employed as a soil conservation technique.
Through the Conservation Farming Village (CFV) project, seed production of multipurpose
shrubs/legumes is introduced in Barangay Elecia, La Libertad, Negros Oriental. Particularly
Flemingia and Indigofera are drilled along contour lines and maintained till the seeds are
harvestable. Flemengia is a leguminous perennial, deep-rooted and leafy shrub ranging in
height from 0.5 to 2.5 meters. Indigofera is a perennial shrub with a height between 0.4 and 1.3
meters. The leaves and other plant components of these shrubs are utilized as mulch, green
manure, and animal feed, but the woody portions and branches are utilized as firewood. It is
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known as highly drought-resistant, retaining its green color even during dry periods of three to
four months. Produced seeds are sold to the local government of La Libertad for the expansion
of the CFV project.
Farmers practice seed production of forage legumes such as Flemingia and Indigofera in
order to enhance the soil and supplement the seed requirements of expanding areas of the CFV
project in the municipality. In sloping locations, the method promotes ground cover and
captures dispersed or concentrated runoff.
Technical Drawing
Figure 4.15. Technical Drawing of Seed Production of Multipurpose Shrubs/Legumes
Implementation Activities

Establishment Activities
 Land Preparation: Plowing, Harrowing, and Furrowing
 Establishment of contour lines/ laying out

Maintenance/recurrent Activities
 Weeding/ Hilling-up
 Harvesting
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 Sun Drying
 Manual Threshing
 Harvesting of Flemengia and Indigofera
Impacts of the Technology
Table 4.13. (Impacts of Technology) Production and Socio-Economic Benefits of Seed Production
Table 4.14. (Impacts of Technology) Socio-Cultural Benefits of Seed Production
Table 4.15. (Impacts of Technology) Ecological Benefits of Seed Production
Benefits/Cost According to Land User
Table 4.16. Benefits according to Land Users of Seed Production
Concluding Statements

Multipurpose shrubs/legumes planted along contour control soil erosion, increased soil
fertility and serve as wind break.
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
Available market for the seeds. Flemingia and Indigofera seeds are sold to the Local
Government Unit of La Libertad at 250 pesos per kilogram to be used in other CFV
barangay as hedgerows.

Increased and diversified income of the land users to support their families and send
their children to school.
b) Technologies per Conservation Measures (Agronomic & Vegetative)
Contour Farming using Hedgerowers
In contour farming, hedgerows are planted along the contours and annual/cash crops are
cultivated in the alleys between the hedgerows.
In order to avoid or control soil erosion, farmers in sloping locations adopt contour farming.
Along contour lines, hedgerows are constructed with napier grass and peanut permanent crops.
It is a traditional farming method and one of the Conservation Farming Village Approach's
conservation techniques (CFV).
Farmers engage in this activity to prevent surface runoff and erosion and to preserve natural
soil fertility. Additionally, Napier grass is grown as a source of feeds for livestocks. The
technology minimizes runoff dispersion and decreases slope angle and length.
Technical Drawing
Figure 4.16. Technical Drawing of Contour Farming Using Hedgerows
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Implementation Activities

Establishment Activities
 Laying out and establishment of contour lines/hedgerows
 Planting of hedgerows (Napier grass)
 Planting of perennial crops along contour

Maintenance/recurrent Activities
 Land clearing/preparation (plowing, rotavating, harrowing)
 Furrowing
 Planting of corn (first cropping)
 Weeding and insect control
 Harvesting of first crop
 Land Preparation for the second cropping (plowing, harrowing/rotavating,
furrowing)
 Planting of corn + Planting of peanut (second cropping corn + peanut)
 Weeding and insect control
 Harvesting of corn and peanut
Impacts of the Technology
Table 4.17. (Impacts of Technology) Production and Socio-Economic Benefits of Contour Farming
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Table 4.18. (Impacts of Technology) Socio-Cultural Benefits of Contour Farming
Table 4.19. (Impacts of Technology) Ecological Benefits of Contour Farming
Benefits/Cost According to Land User
Table 4.20. Benefits according to Land Users of Contour Farming
Concluding Statements

Soil erosion was reduced because of the presence of the hedge rows that traps eroded
soil.

The kind of hedgerows planted depends on the need of the land users. Farmers with
livestock used napier and forage grasses as hedge while others planted perennial and
cash crops to supplement their food requirement.

The technology generated jobs and increase the income of the land users practicing the
technology.
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IV.
LABORATORY TEST RESULT
The researchers collected soil samples during their site visit on January 11, 2023, from the
chosen study area (Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales) at particular spots where they would
utilize the accelerated ecological succession process. The first site chosen was located below
the plateau, where the first stage of the succession is clearly apparent (see Figure 4.17, Soil
Sampling Site A). The second site was located close to the river, where there is a more severe
case of lahar indulgence (see Figure 4.18, Soil Sampling Site B). After the researchers obtained
soil samples by following to the correct soil sampling procedure from the ZENRO (Zambales
Environment and Natural Resources Office), they then brought the soil samples to the BSWM
(Bureau of Soils and Water Management) of the DA (Department of Agriculture) to have the
chemicals present in the soil samples tested and to ascertain what approaches or strategies were
required for the succession to be successful. The test results from the said soil chemical test is
stated below. (See Figure 4.19)
Figure 4.17. Soil Sampling Actual Location: Site A (in Brgy. Villar, Botolan, Zambales)
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Figure 4.18. Soil Sampling Actual Location: Site B (in Brgy. Villar, Botolan, Zambales)
Figure 4.19. Soil Chemical Test Result from BSWM of DA
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CHAPTER FIVE
DATA ANALYSIS
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I.
DATA ANALYSIS
The researchers conducted a face-to-face interview directly following the completion of the
study's methodology on October 25-26, 2022. They restricted the interviewees to the Aetas,
who are citizens of Botolan, considering that the studies proposed initiative will primarily
benefit and affect them. The researcher interviewed only Aeta community elders or Aetas who
had personally experienced the eruption in order to collect more specific data. These
participants responded more favorably to some of the research questions because they had
personally witnessed the 1991 Pinatubo explosion and valued the study because they were the
only ones who had truly experienced their authentic culture and hoped to reclaim it. The
researchers also recorded the interviewees' identities, positions in the community (if any), ages,
and genders, as well as other pertinent information for proof of accuracy, as the interview will
only be conducted in the Botolan, Zambales, resettlement sites given that the researchers was
not able to go up in the mountain as the route to the volcano was damaged by the recent
typhoon. The Aetas' experience and struggles with the effects of the eruption on biodiversity
in Botolan, Zambales; their traditional use of natural resources prior to the eruption and their
modern way of life following the eruption; and finally, the extent to which they choose to adapt
to the modern way of living or if they want to reestablish traditional use of natural resources,
was covered in the interview. Only 25 elder Aetas or Aetas who experienced Mt. Pinatubo
Eruption and are still living in Botolan, Zambales (Resettlement Areas) were interviewed by
the researchers in order to produce the superior and more precise data needed for the
researchers' accuracy in their intended solution to the study's problem, given that their opinions
and experiences are already sufficient for synthesis and comparison.
The researchers also conducted an extended face-to-face interview with the professionals
who have expertise in indigenous people, agriculture, ecology, forestry, and environmental
planning. The questions for each professional were created in accordance with the study and
within the purview of their areas of expertise. An Indigenous People Mandatory Representative
from Botolan, Zambales, was the first professional to be interviewed. The second were a senior
agriculturalist and agriculturist II from the Bureau of Soils and Water Management of the
Department of Agriculture. The following will come from the Biodiversity Management
Bureau and Forest Management Bureau of the Department of Environment and Natural
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Resources. The Department of Environment and Natural Resources' Environmental
Management Bureau is the final division listed but due to their busy schedules, the last two
professionals have not yet been interviewed.
Documents and studies that contain information about the soil of the ancestral lands in
Botolan, Zambales are reviewed. The documents that were used for the data collection about
the ancestral domain’s soil information are from the Botolan Municipal Comprehensive Land
Use Plan 2018-2027 on its Volume 1: Land Use Plan and Volume 3: Sectoral Studies. The next
two are the Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Soils and Water Management’s Atlas of
Soil Base Agricultural Guide Maps Luzon Island Volume 1 and Soil Report 13: Soil Survey of
Zambales Province Philippines. The researchers also used a book from the municipality entitled
Pamana: Botolan’s 200th Founding Anniversary Commemorative Book, written by Jayson J.
Nalicat and Rosario C. Aguilar and published in 2020; as references for the accurate
background and history of each barangay in the ancestral domains, the precise documentation
of the Aetas’ culture, and programs the Local Government did for the IPs. But the researchers
still anticipate on obtaining more official accounts and studies as they will continue to visit the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the National Ecology Center, and the
Municipality of Botolan, Zambales.
After their visit to the ancestral domain in Botolan, Zambales on January 2023, the
researchers will acquire soil samples from Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales and will bring
it to a soil laboratory at the Bureau of Soils and Water Management of the Department of
Agriculture to assess what plants are suitable to grow on the soil, as it contains a mixture of
lahar from the Mt. Pinatubo Eruption. This will guarantee "Plant Selection suited for the soil
situation of the Ancestral Domains," one of the procedures the researchers will employ to
accelerate succession in the Ancestral Domains of Botolan, Zambales.
The information obtained in and about the ancestral domains of Botolan, Zambales, served
as the basis for all of the representations and interpretation below. The archival studies gathered
by the researchers will also be addressed and examined below.
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II.
THEMATIC ANALYSIS
1. Data Gathered from Face-To-Face Interviews with the Aeta’s Elders and Aetas Who
Experienced the Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
a) Biodiversity
Table 5.1. (Aetas’ face-to-face interview) Biodiversity Theme
The researchers assessed the necessary information about the biodiversity of the preeruption era of the ancestral land in Botolan, Zambales through questions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 22 on
the face-to-face interview (qualitative research methodology) conducted for the Aeta elders
and Aetas who experienced the pre-eruption era at Loob Bunga Resettlement Camp, Botolan,
Zambales. This enabled the researchers to understand greater detail about the following subproblems: (1) the effects of Mount Pinatubo's eruption on the biodiversity of the impacted areas
in Botolan, Zambales; and (4) methods and/or tactics that can be incorporated into the idea of
accelerated succession.
This knowledge will be significant for the researchers’ formulated process of accelerating
the ecological succession in the ancestral land of Botolan, Zambales which includes: Plant
Selection, Using what is already growing, and introducing plants that will easily survive. All
the plants that flourished and were raised by the Aeta people in the pre-eruption era of the
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ancestral land are presented in this theme. Given that there are no articles to support the thriving
of native trees on the soil conditions of the ancestral lands, some of these plants will still
undergo an experiment in order to execute the strategies for the study's success. This theme
also includes the animal species that were present on the ancestral land prior to the eruption; if
these species return to the environment of the Aeta community, it will be ensured that the
study's implementation was successful.
b) Traditional Practices
Table 5.2. (Aetas’ face-to-face interview) Traditional Practices Theme
The researchers evaluated the relevant data regarding the traditional food gathering
methods used by the Aeta community during the pre-eruption era of the ancestral land in
Botolan, Zambales through questions 5, 6, 7, and 14 on the face-to-face interview (qualitative
research methodology) conducted for the Aeta elders and Aetas who experienced the preeruption era at Loob Bunga Resettlement Camp, Botolan, Zambales. This enabled the
researchers to understand greater detail about the sub-problem: the aftereffects of Mt.
Pinatubo’s eruption on the traditional use of natural resources by the indigenous Aeta in
Botolan, Zambales.
This information will validate the study's main issue, namely that the Aeta community still
longs for a return to the ways of their traditional culture and food collection. Due to their current
financial difficulties and food shortage, it also serves as confirmation that their manner of life
in the ancestral land before the eruption is still suited for them.
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c) Aeta’s Modern Way of Living
Table 5.3. (Aetas’ face-to-face interview) Aeta’s Modern Way of Living Theme
The researchers evaluated the relevant data regarding the Aeta’s modern way of living
through questions 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 on the face-to-face interview (qualitative research
methodology) conducted for the Aeta elders and Aetas who experienced the pre-eruption era
at Loob Bunga Resettlement Camp, Botolan, Zambales. This enabled the researchers to
understand greater detail about the sub-problem: the aftereffects of Mt. Pinatubo’s eruption on
the traditional use of natural resources by the indigenous Aeta in Botolan, Zambales.
This information relates to the theme of traditional practices because it describes the Aeta's
contemporary way of life. Additionally, this supports the primary problem and offers the
researchers suggestions on how, should the study's implementation be successful, to enhance
the Aeta people's current way of life when they go back to the uplands. The fact that the Aetas
continue to suffer despite having already adapted to lowland society works as encouragement
for the researchers to push through an effective method of study implementation.
d) Aeta’s Perspective on the Study
Table 5.4. (Aetas’ face-to-face interview) Aeta’s Perspective on the Study Theme
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The researchers assessed the necessary information about the Aeta’s perspective on the
study about their lands through questions 19, 20, and 21 on the face-to-face interview
(qualitative research methodology) conducted for the Aeta elders and Aetas who experienced
the pre-eruption era at Loob Bunga Resettlement Camp, Botolan, Zambales. This enabled the
researchers to understand greater detail about the sub-problem: Techniques and/or Strategies
that can be integrated into the Principle of Accelerated Succession.
The Aetas' point of view is crucial as they were the study's main beneficiaries and will
be impacted by the implementation's outcomes. The majority of them agreed that it was a good
idea to bring back their old lives on the "baitan," or uplands, but some people are concerned
since Mt. Pinatubo is still dangerous, and some simply want to keep living the way they are.
The researchers took all of this into account, along with their suggestions and recommendations
that could enhance the planning of the study's initiative.
e) Post Recovery Initiatives
Table 5.5. (Aetas’ face-to-face interview) Post Recovery Initiatives Theme
The researchers assessed the necessary information about the post recovery initiatives done
by the local government and non-government organizations for the Aeta people through
questions 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, and 18 on the face-to-face interview (qualitative
research methodology) conducted for the Aeta elders and Aetas who experienced the preeruption era at Loob Bunga Resettlement Camp, Botolan, Zambales. This enabled the
researchers to understand greater detail about the sub-problem: Programs and regulations of
the Local Government Units (LGUs) of Botolan, Zambales for unexpected volcanic hazards.
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This verifies the data obtained from the analysis of related studies given the fact that
knowing what current programs the LGU and NGO were putting into place for the Aetas and
their ancestral land is necessary. Additionally, the researchers are open to modifying and
assisting with some of their programs that are related to their research. Furthermore, the
researchers can improve a few of their earlier, successful studies and incorporate them into the
study's
implementation
strategy.
2. Data Gathered from Face-To-Face Interviews with the Professionals
a) Indegenous People Mandatory Representative of the Municipality of Botolan,
Zambales
Table 5.6. (Professionals’ face-to-face interview) Indegenous People Theme
The researchers assessed the necessary information about the Aetas from an Indegenous
People Mandatory Representative through face-to-face interview (qualitative research
methodology) conducted at the municipal hall of Botolan, Zambales. This enabled the
researchers to understand greater detail about the sub-problem: (2) The aftereffects of Mt.
Pinatubo’s eruption on the traditional use of natural resources by the indigenous Aeta in
Botolan, Zambales and (3) Programs and regulations of the Local Government Units (LGUs)
of Botolan, Zambales for unexpected volcanic hazards.
The researchers decided to also interview an Aeta representative of the LGU to further
explain the information they had learned about the LGU's effort after assessing the impact of
the LGU's programs and plans on the status of the Aeta community through interviews with
Aeta locals. This provides more detailed information and a more in-depth explanation of the
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particular subject, which can improve initiatives and provide additional solutions that can be
incorporated into the planned process of carrying out the study.
b) Agriculturists from the Bureau of Soils and Water Management of Department
of Agriculture
Table 5.7. (Professionals’ face-to-face interview) Agriculture Theme
The researchers assessed the necessary data about Agriculture and other soil and water
information from a Senior Agriculturist and Agriculturist II through a face-to-face interview
(qualitative research methodology) conducted at the Soil Survey Division office and Soil
Conservation Management Division office of Bureau of Soil and Water Management in
Department of Agriculture. This enabled the researchers to understand greater detail about the
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sub-problem: (4) Techniques and/or Strategies that can be integrated into the Principle of
Accelerated Succession and (5) The benefits and drawbacks of the Mt. Pinatubo lahar on the
soil situation in Botolan, Zambales.
The agriculturalists provided the researchers with many ideas they can use to successfully
implement the study's initiative as well as instruction on how to carry out some of its processes,
which is a major benefit to the researchers. The researchers will determine the specifics that
can be integrated to particular steps of accelerating the ecological succession in the ancestral
land of Botolan, Zambales, taking into account all the information provided by the
agriculturists. Some of the advice is also taken into consideration for the experimentation the
researchers would undertake to evaluate the capacity of the plants to thrive in the soil situation
of the ancestral lands as the proper soil sampling and fertilizer count were demonstrated by the
agriculturists.
III.
DATA ANALYSIS FOR ARCHIVAL STUDIES
1. Botolan Municipal Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2018-2027, Volume 1: Land Use
Plan and Volume 3: Sectoral Studies
a) Ancestral Domain (Botolan, Zambales)
Based on the Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the Municipality of Botolan in Zambales,
the Ancestral Domain encompasses the barangays of Burgos, Villar, Belbel, and Moraza. The
Loob Bunga Resettlement Area is where the Ayta people from the aforementioned barangays
are currently residing after being displaced as a result of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Lahar
continues to cover these crater-side slopes of Mount Pinatubo. These highlands are 500 meters
above sea level, non-agricultural, and erodible. According to the Modified Coronas Climate
Classification, the climate in these areas is type 1, which indicates that it is dry from November
to April and rainy the rest of the year. In the four barangays, there are also no known landslides
(Ancestral Domain). Due to drainage blockage, several areas of the Ancestral Domain are also
vulnerable to ongoing or recurrent flooding and/or back-flooding.
This data from the official local government unit of Botolan, Zambales will be used to
determine the profile and characteristics of the study area. It is necessary to assess the validity
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of the development of the processes to verify if the procedures are suitable for the study area.
It is also one of the factors to be taken into account throughout the planting process, which will
be the main action in the study. The presented data was also used to assess the natural risks in
the area, and safety precautions in the barangays must also be properly considered.
b) Ancestral Domain (Lands)
Table 5.8. (Archival Data) Ancestral Domain - Lands
The Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the Municipality of Botolan in Zambales states that
the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo significantly altered the municipality's current landscape and
land usage. The eastern part (Ancestral Domain) is currently only used for a small number of
land uses and activities, the majority of which are settlements of Indigenous People
communities. However, sand from lahars continues to cover a substantial amount of these
territories and there are just a few short and narrow barangay roads to reach each barangay.
Additionally, the four barangays' forest zones also have a high concentration of agricultural
land and more protected areas than production-oriented ones. But they are all vulnerable to
erosion or ecological fragility.
The data from the Botolan Municipality's Comprehensive Land Use Plan about the
ancestral domain's lands would be highly helpful for the researchers in determining the scope
and constraints of the implementation of their study. Additionally, this is required in order to
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choose the regions in which the study can only be conducted and to choose the best methods
and tactics to employ in those regions. It can also be useful to know the locations of the four
barangay entry points and what road networks should be enhanced to give the indigenous
people more access to or make it simpler for them to get to their ancestral territory.
c) Ancestral Domain (Soils)
Table 5.9. (Archival Data) Ancestral Domain - Soil
The four types of soil present on the ancestral lands are listed in the Comprehensive Land
Use Plan of the Municipality of Botolan. The four barangays have undifferentiated mountain
soils, while Moraza and Burgos have Angeles sand; Villar and Belbel have Angeles soil; Villar
and Moraza have Antipolo clay; and Burgos and Villar have Villar sandy loam. The
Comprehensive Land Use Plan also notes that the municipality of Botolan undergoes erosion
brought on by water and earth movements, and that its uplands are estimated to have moderate
to severe erosion potential. The table above provided an explanation of the specific erosion
scenario in each barangay on the ancestral land.
This information identified the specific kinds of soils in each barangay and will be used to
evaluate each soil type's composition, nutrient content and level, and quality. These elements
are required for the experiment that will be done by the researchers to see whether the plants
can survive in the soil conditions of the ancestral land. Knowing what fertilizers to use, which
approach will be most effective, and what methods will be suitable on the site for the study's
real implementation are also crucial.
The table above also shows which particular places have varying degrees of erosion or river
wash. As this component is essential to take into account while planning, the researchers may
now determine what techniques and technologies should be used on location to ensure the
success of the study.
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d) Ancestral Domain (Waters)
Table 5.10. (Archival Data) Ancestral Domain - Water
According to the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, the municipality of Botolan is located
within a number of different watersheds. The Bucao Watersheds, Tarlac River Watersheds,
Bucain Watersheds, Sto. Tomas Watersheds, and Pampanga River Basin all encompass the
ancestral lands, as can be seen in the table. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan also indicates
that the municipality's groundwater resources are less substantial than those of neighboring
municipalities. Due to less productive aquifers, Botolan only possesses groundwater resources
that are suggested for local consumption. Furthermore, deep wells and springs provide the
majority of Botolan's water needs. The table above provided an explanation of each barangay's
groundwater availability within the ancestral domain.
Water supply is one item to take into consideration since planting is the main aspect of the
study's implementation. The data above shows the watersheds that each barangay on the
ancestral property is in and whether or not there is groundwater locally. For the study to be
more effective, infiltration rates and water availability must be raised because they are required
for irrigation. Therefore, the watersheds and river systems that encompass each barangay
would be beneficial, since they can provide as a second source of water supply in addition to
groundwater.
e) Ancestral Domain (Biodiversity)
The municipality of Botolan is noted for having a rich biodiversity, particularly during the
pre-eruption period, which was mentioned in their Comprehensive Land Use Plan. The
Philippine Warty Pig and the Philippine Deer are still present in this region, however they are
both listed as endangered on the Red List by the International Union for the Conservation of
Nature (IUCN). Additionally, there is a species of plant known as "pitcher plant" that CENRO
claims can only be found in Botolan and is one of the endangered plant species. Waling-waling
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and Pakpak-lawin can also be found in the municipality, and its highlands are still inhabited of
species like "labuyo" chickens, wild pigs, and deer. The forest of Botolan is also home to
numerous rattan species, such as the Kurapling, Palasan, and Taingang-Baboy, as well as the
resin-bearing bojo-bikao and almasiga, as well as gugo, a shampoo alternative.
The study's main focus is biodiversity since its conclusion should restore the biodiversity
of the ancestral lands. As this biodiversity is restored, the researchers expect that the species
mentioned in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan will once again flourish in the study area
because they were also used in and integral to traditional Aeta Community practices.
2. Soil Report 13: Soil Survey of Zambales Province Philippines
Based on the Comprehensive Land Use Plan, the soils present in the four barangays of the
ancestral domain include the Villar Sandy Loam, Antipolo Clay, Angeles Sand, and Angeles
Soil. The Soil Report 13: Soil Survey of Zambales Province, Philippines, provides an
explanation of these four soil types. The book's specific paragraphs illustrate the qualities of
the soil and the crops that can be cultivated there. The researchers will use these exact details
to understand the soil composition of each type of soil present in each barangay and at the
selected site. These are also to be precise regarding what kind of crops can certainly thrive in
that type of soil. Due to the information provided by this book, comparisons about the traits of
the crops that thrived on the soil and other crops, plants, or shrubs can be made for introducing
new species in the area.
3. Pamana: Botolan’s 200th Founding Anniversary Commemorative Book
In 2020, the municipality of Botolan commissioned the creation of the book Pamana, which
details the history and culture of Botoleños. The researchers were encouraged to apply the
knowledge in this book to get to know each barangay within the ancestral areas and the real
Aeta culture. This can be used as a point of reference for the historical and cultural aspects of
our research on how the study's implementation might help them improve their culture. For the
historical aspect, this can be used as a foundation for making the community's status a nature
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reserve as the study becomes successful. Also provided are ideas for the conceptual output of
the study's implementation procedure and the study’s actual design.
4. Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches and
Technologies
a) Technologies on Different Ecosystems (Upland – Hillyland: 100-500 masl)
Table 5.11. (Archival Data) Technologies on Upland-Hilly Land
The data in the table above outlines the best and most effective technologies and
techniques to be employed in each barangay based on their slope. The information supplied
in Chapter 4 of Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches and
Technologies served as the foundation for this paragraph. This can serve as a guide for the
researchers in terms of which Department of Agriculture projects to evaluate in order to
identify the tactics that will be used in their proposed method for accelerating ecological
succession in the ancestral land of Botolan, Zambales.
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b) Technologies per Conservation Measures (Vegetative)
Seed Production of Multi-Purpose Shrubs/Legumes
As the enhancement of soil and its fertility is the priority of the study’s initiative for all of
the other processes to be done successfully, this strategy for soil enhancement will be very
beneficial. This was already a successful project of the Department of Agriculture, which
makes it more accurate to be integrated in the study’s implementation process. This is also
made for sloping locations, which also makes it fit to use for ancestral lands as they are sloped,
as seen in the table above. The plants used in the project will also be considered by the
researchers, who will include them in the experimentation about the capacity of the plants to
thrive in the soil situation of the ancestral land.
In addition to enhancing soil cover, this method can also decrease soil erosion, boost
nutrient cycling replenishment, and improve water collection—all of which are essential for
ensuring the success of the recurrent growths of the introduced plants. Additionally, it can serve
as a windbreak, which can benefit the people living in the upland and, of course, could have
provided the Aeta community with a source of income.
c) Technologies per Conservation Measures (Agronomic & Vegetative)
Contour Farming Using Hedgerows
One of the issues in the ancestral lands is soil erosion, which worries the researchers
because soil is a top priority for the study's initiative as it will lay the foundation for its success.
Contour Farming using Hedgerows is a strategy that the Department of agriculture has done to
resolve the “soil erosion problem”. The success of this project, like that of the previous strategy,
increases its accuracy and makes it more appropriate to be included in the study's
implementation process. The procedure of this is done on sloped locations given that making
this involves planting on the site's contours, which also makes it suitable for usage on ancestral
grounds since they are sloped. The researchers will also take into account the plants utilized in
the project and incorporate them in the experimentation to see if they can withstand the soil
conditions of the ancestral land.
In addition to resolving the issue of soil erosion, it also enhances soil cover, boosts biomass
above ground carbon, increases nutrient cycling recharge, boosts soil organic matter, lowers
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carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, boosts plant diversity, lowers wind speed, and
maintains habitat diversity—all of which are crucial for ensuring the success of the recurring
growths of the introduced species. It could also be a source of income for the Aeta
neighborhood.
4. Accelerating the ecological succession on the ancestral land of Botolan, Zambales
The researchers created their own flowchart for the Accelerating Ecological Succession
process based on the information they gathered in chapters 2 and 4. They merged the
landscape methods and techniques they discovered in the accumulated studies into the four
(4) objectives Bill Mollison outlined for the Principle of Accelerated Succession to improve
the effectiveness of the said principle. The integration of methods from the studies the
researchers gathered and examined led to the creation of this flowchart. The researchers
developed a table for the execution of these stated procedures on the selected site, which is
Barangay Villar on the ancestral land of Botolan, Zambales, aside from this flowchart, which
has the generalized methodology.
Figure 5.1. Process Flow Chart of Accelerating Ecological Succession
in the Ancestral Land of Botolan, Zambales
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Table 5.12. Accelerating Ecological Succession in the Ancestral Land of Botolan,
Zambales
The initial step will be the assessment of the area's natural aspect. This step should consider
the genuine value of the place and its surroundings. It is essential to primarily focus on
assessing areas on a planning scale. This assessment was conducted during the researchers' site
visit on the ancestral lands in January 2023 which was stated at the synthesis (chapter 6) of this
study. Additionally, the researchers also managed to gather information from the public
records, including the Municipality of Botolan Comprehensive Land Use Plan, on the Ancestral
domains general profile, lands and soils. Information was also gathered from the Philippine
Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches and Technologies: Technologies
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on Different Ecosystems (Upland – Hillyland: 100-500 masl) and from the Soil Report 13: Soil
Survey of Zambales Province Philippines. Identical evaluation criteria may apply to vastly
more specific ground units.
The second step is selecting a succession location; this is important to the area's overall
urban structure and was also done during the researchers’ site visit on the ancestral lands and
during their design planning. The desired level of refinement was considered to determine the
space that will be set aside for plant succession. The third step is reviewing and answering the
question for site evaluation. The majority of these site elevation questions was answered
during and after the researchers' site visit to the ancestral lands. Some of the questions was also
answered following the soil test, and others was resolved using the information the researchers
gathered during the course of their chapter 3 such as the interviews with the Aeta people and
information from the Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches
and Technologies: Technologies per Conservation Measures (Vegetative).
The study needs a response to the research questions that will serve as the foundation for a
succession strategy and plan. These six questions are:

What is/are the proposed projected species compositions (PSC) of the landscape site
design? (Answers indicated on Chapter 6, Table 6.)

What are the past and projected anthropic land uses for this site? (Answers indicated on
Chapter 5, on Ancestral Domain-Lands and on Chapter 6, Accelerating Ecological
Succession Implementation Procedure And Schematics)

What written information can be found about the general PSC plants, growth habits
and resource/environmental requirements? (Answers indicated on Chapter 6, on
Accelerating Ecological Succession Implementation Procedure And Schematics)

How will the projected species data be applied to planting phases; specifically in the
plant growth habits, maturity, rate of growth and appearance? (Answers indicated on
Chapter 6, on Accelerating Ecological Succession Implementation Procedure And
Schematics)

How will PSC data and design principles be integrated into a landscape succession
design product? (Answers indicated on Chapter 6, on Translation of the Design)

What are the succession goals, design vision, intended design duration (in order to reach
succession goals) and planting schedule? (Answers indicated on Chapter 6, on
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Accelerating Ecological Succession Implementation Procedure And Schematics and o
the Translation of the Design)
Using what is already growing is the fourth technique to accelerate ecological succession.
Most weeds can be mowed and utilized as mulch if the ground is cleared. They stabilize soil,
absorb minerals, and create rich soil when they die, making them good mulch for plants. These
pioneer species was also determined during the researchers’ site visit on the ancestral lands.
While on the fifth step which is plant selection wherein in this phase, the native plant species
in the area should be given preference while selecting plants. The information that will be used
came from the interviews the researchers conducted with the Aeta people and information from
the Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management Approaches and Technologies:
Technologies per Conservation Measures (Vegetative). In addition, because of the prevailing
soil condition in the research location, nitrogen-fixing plants are specifically preferred to be
used.
The sixth step is introducing plants that will easily survive in a particular environment and
contribute to enhancing soil fertility which was determined after the soil test done in the Bureau
of Soils and Water Management. Depending on the soils the researchers are working with, the
researchers can plant annual and perennial varieties of locally-adapted legumes and beneficial
shrubs perennials that are known to survive and thrive. It may be necessary to postpone planting
the researchers own "climax" plants until more suitable soils have been formed. The next steps
was done during the design planning of the researchers such as the step to accelerate ecological
succession which is determining the style and pattern shape of the aesthetic composition that
has a significant impact on the overall design of the space that is intended to be created. Also,
the eighth technique for accelerating succession, which is raising organic levels artificially to
improve the soil environment; mulch, green manure crops, compost, and other fertilizers are
required that allows the researchers to plant more quickly or, combined with the preceding
strategy, to establish a nucleus of climax tree crops on marginal land if the researchers are
willing to care for those trees.
The ninth step is substituting our herb, pioneer, and climax. This phase of accelerating
succession is more beneficial than the current natural or disturbed vegetation. The last step to
accelerate ecological succession is to increase water and infiltration rates. When more water
infiltrates, groundwater is recharged, and a higher, more stable groundwater level aids in the
speedier recovery of ecosystems. Additionally, as water is vital to the survival of
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microorganisms (MOs), the combination of increased moisture and increased organic matter
levels in the soil results in a rise in their population. More MOs means more plant biomass,
which in turn means more photosynthetic energy above and below the ground.
IV.
LABORATORY TEST RESULT ANALYSIS
Table 5.13. Summarized Soil Chemical Test Report from BSWM of DA
The Table above shows the accurate soil chemical test result from the BSWM (Bureau of
Soils and Water Management) issued on March 3, 2023. To analyze this test result and
determine whether what to improve and fix on the soils of the selected locations, the researchers
created an optimum chemical level in sandy soil scale (see in Table 5.14).
Table 5.14. Optimum Chemical Level for Sandy Soil Scale
Soil PH
The pH of soils can be used to determine whether they are naturally acidic or alkaline. The
amount of nutrients and other substances that are soluble in soil water and, consequently, the
amount of nutrients that are available to plants, are both influenced by soil pH. While some
nutrients are more readily available in an acidic environment, others are more readily available
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in an alkaline environment. When the pH of the soil is close to neutral, plants may easily access
the majority of mineral nutrients.
Phosphorus
As a component of several important plant structural compounds and as a catalyst in the
conversion of numerous important biochemical reactions in plants, phosphorus is an essential
nutrient. Phosphorus is well known for its function in collecting and transforming solar energy
into beneficial plant chemicals. All plants require phosphorus to maintain their general wellbeing and vigor. Phosphorus has been linked to a number of specific growth factors, including:
Enhanced root development; Enhanced stalk and stem strength; Enhanced flower formation
and seed production; Enhanced uniform and early crop maturity; Enhanced legume nitrogen
N-fixing capacity; Enhanced crop quality; Enhanced plant disease resistance; and Supports
development throughout entire life cycle.
Potassium
A readily bindable exchangeable ion, potassium secures itself in mineral formations by
bonding with charged soil particles. It is a significant plant nutrient whose impact on soil pH
is less direct but is nonetheless felt to some extent (particularly when soil pH falls below 5.5).
Potassium is essential for numerous plant processes and, cycles back into the soil through crop
residue and precipitation. It is essential to the growth of cell walls, flowering, and seed set,
among many other critical plant functions.
Organic Matter
Soils are classified as either organic or mineral based on how much organic matter they
contain. The majority of the cultivated land on earth is composed of mineral soils, which can
range in organic matter content from a trace to 30%. Due mostly to climate factors, organic
soils are naturally rich in organic materials. There is no straightforward explanation for total
soil organic matter due to the complexity of its composition, which includes both the biological
variety of the organisms present and the actual organic compounds actually there. In the higher
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silt and clay content soils to create enough water-stable aggregates more organic matter is
required to prevent compaction and erosion.
Nitrogen
Nitrogen is particularly important because it is a key component of chlorophyll, which
plants utilize to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars during photosynthesis. It is also
a crucial part of amino acids, which serve as the building blocks of proteins. Plants wilt and
die without proteins.
Figure 5.2. Deficient chemical level identified in the soil samples
The researchers found that the soil from sites A and B lacks a significant amount of
exchangeable potassium and organic matter after examining the test report and comparing it to
the ideal chemical level scale. It has been determined that soils with inadequate potassium
levels lack the ability to resist disease, produce crops at a slower rate, and have higher mortality
rates for plants. An annual fertilization with slightly higher K than N should be made to soils
with potassium levels less than 0.3 cmol/kg. It is additionally recognized that soils tend to lose
their physical structure when organic matter is lost. The deteriorating soil structure causes the
soil to become cloddy, hard, and compact. Additionally, the soil's permeability, water-holding
capacity, and aeration are all reduced. Less oxygen is available for plant roots to grow when
aeration is reduced.
This analysis would be considered in the implementation process of accelerating ecological
succession in the lahar fields of Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales, particularly in the section
of agroforestry or reforestation planning, in order to achieve a more successful result and
reduce the length of time spent waiting for the area to be in climax community again.
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CHAPTER SIX
SYNTHESIS THROUGH DESIGN SOLUTIONS
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I.
SYNTHESIS
Subsequent to gathering data and filtering what strategies should be incorporated in the
actual process of accelerating ecological succession currently taking place in Barangay Villar,
Botolan, Zambales to regenerate its biodiversity, the researchers will now incorporate all of
these in the reforestation and community planning to restore the study area to its previous state.
The first chapter states that, if successful, all of the procedures, schemes, and design
frameworks will be adopted by the other barangays within the ancestral territory. However, in
order to accomplish this, the site must first be accurately assessed. On January 11, 2023, the
researchers visited the site in order to carry out and complete the first through fifth processes
of accelerating the succession. All of the information acquired is to be examined, and utilized
to create an appropriate design that fits the site's conditions and a planning procedure that has
a high probability of success.
The researchers opted for community planning in Barangay Villar, Botolan Zambales, for
the Aeta community now residing in the area as well as the Aetas from the resettlement camp
who will return to their ancestral homes once the study about accelerating the ecological
succession in the Barangay is implemented. The researchers will create a conceptual design to
represent the goal of restoring the Aetas' native environment while also showcasing their own
culture. The design will immerse users in their natural environment, producing an aesthetic
output based on the information obtained in order to choose the best concept for the site. While
the primary goal of the design is to offer a sustainable community and restore the Aetas’ food
gathering tradition, the accumulated strategic solutions for accelerating the ecological
succession now occurring on the site will be incorporated into the agroforestry regions and
actual landscape design and urban planning methods will be used on planning the Sustainable
Aeta Community conceptual design.
II.
SITE DESCRIPTION
Villar is a barangay in the municipality of Botolan, in the province of Zambales. Villar is
situated at approximately 15.1862, 120.2374, on the island of Luzon. Elevation at these
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coordinates is estimated at 236.3 meters (775.3 feet) above mean sea level. Villar shares a
common border with barangays Poonbato, Maguisguis, Botolan, Zambales, Belbel, Burgos,
Moraza, and Cadmang-Reserva, Cabangan, and Zambales. Based on the Philippine Statistics
Authority, its population, as determined by the 2020 Census, was 669. This represented 1.00%
of the total population of Botolan. Barangay Villar is one of the areas that has been affected by
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, and the affected residents were relocated to Loob-Bunga
Resettlement Area and LAKAS-Bihawo in Barangay Mambo.
III.
SITE INVENTORY
All of the information presented below were gathered during an actual interview of the
Aeta residents in Barangay Villar at the Ancestral Domain of Botolan, Zambales.
1. Barangay Villar’s Existing Flora and Fauna
PLANTS
ANIMALS
Crops
Trees
Land
Water
Gabi, Ube, Kamoteng
Saging, Mansanas,
Manok at Manok
Hipon, Palos,
baging at kahoy, Sitaw,
Rambutan, Avocado,
Labuyo, Kalabaw,
Palaka, Biya
Petchay, Kalabasang
Kasoy, Mangga,
Baka, Baboy at Baboy
(Dalag na
Puti or Upo, Kalabasa,
Mahogany, Ipil-ipil,
Damo, Aso, Daga,
maliit),
Patola, Mais, Sayote,
Agoho, Langka, Niyog,
Musang, Alamid,
Dalag, Hito,
Ampalaya, Alugbati,
Kare/Kardis, Kape ng
Martinis, Bayawak,
Tilapya
Patani
Villar, Gemelina
Sawa, Usa (Native)
Table 6.1. Existing Flora and Fauna on Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales
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2. Barangay Villar’s Existing Problems
There is a scarcity of water because they solely rely on the river and a naturally built deep
well, which becomes polluted when the ground is disturbed. There is also a shortage of salt
(which is what they generally eat) because the coast of Zambales is distant from the ancestral
land and salt is only available in the lowlands market, which is 6 hours away if they walk. Also,
if salt is sold in the ancestral domain, it is overpriced. There is also a rice shortage because
there are only two rice fields in the area, which cannot support the entire population in the
ancestral domain. The barangay and its adjoining barangays have no medical facilities or
pharmacies. There are no roads leading to the site, and the lahar is constantly changing.
3. Barangay Villar’s Existing Water Supply Source
Their water comes from a spring that is dug alternately due to severe rainfall. People rely
on the river for household water supply. The three water supply of the barangay are the BalinBaquero River (one of Botolan's major rivers), the Maraunot River, and the Bucao River. The
barangay is also surrounded by three (3) watersheds: the Bucao Watershed, the Tarlac River
Watershed, and the Pampanga River Basin.
4. Barangay Villar’s Existing Facilities
In the social sector of the barangay, particularly in education, it has Villar Day Care Center,
LAKAS Day Care Center, and Villar Elementary School which has 100%, IP learners. The
nearest clinic in the barangay is San Marcelino Health Center. The barangay has a Senior
Citizen Building and it has a church, which is the Jesus Intercessor Church and the Villar
Christian Church. It has a tourist destination on Mt. Pinatubo Crater Lake Balai Trinitas Resort.
The utilities of the municipality of Botolan cover only 3.61 hectares (0.01%) of the city. These
include transportation terminals, solid waste facilities, and power and utility stations, which
are mostly located in the municipality's center or urban areas.
5. Barangay Villar’s Existing Hazards
The municipality of Botolan is susceptible to various hydro meteorological and geological
hazards. Most of the areas in barangay Villar have moderate susceptibility to flooding hazards,
which means that these areas are likely to experience a flood height of 0.5 to 1.0 meter and/or
a flood duration of one (1) to three (3) days. These areas are subject to widespread inundation
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during prolonged and extensive heavy rainfall or extreme weather conditions. Fluvial terraces,
alluvial fans, and infilled valleys are areas moderately subjected to flooding. Rain-induced
landslide hazards in the barangay of Belbel have a low landslide susceptibility, which means
gently sloping areas with no identified landslides. An eruption from Mt. Pinatubo would cause
hazards such as air-fall tephra and volcanic ashes. As of 1992, the Philippine Institute of
Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) estimated about 200 million cubic meters of lahar
at the Bucao River alone. Because Barangay Villar is located within a 20-kilometer buffer zone
from Mt. Pinatubo, it has been determined that the majority of the barangay's areas are not safe
from lahars.
6. Barangay Villar’s Northing, Sun Path, and Wind Direction
The area receives direct sunlight, especially at peak hours and noon, and has a temperature
of 30 °C at noon. The winds in the barangay are generally strong, allowing full reception of the
northeast and southwest winds with an approximately 26 km/h wind speed.
7. Barangay Villar’s Noise Source
On the Tarlac side, firings and target practice are typically held on weekends. Trucks,
airplanes, explosives, and machine guns are commonly responsible for the noise at the location.
8. Barangay Villar’s Road Network
A road connects the entrance of Barangay Villar to the Botolan Municipality's town proper.
There is also another road on the mountainside, and the Highway to Tarlac Road is still under
construction.
9. Barangay Villar’s Source of Electricity
The barangay has solar panels, although not all residents have them, and the ones used in
school are generally donated. As an alternate light source, they use candles or cloth-covered
beehives.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
V.
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strength
The size and near-blankness of the site itself gives the researchers more complex ideas for
the areas that will be included there as well as a wide range of options regarding where to put
all the required regions. The site's high winds may be advantageous to the residents as they can
be harnessed for natural air conditioning and renewable energy source. Some of the areas in
the site are already abundant in vegetation and have already adapted to the site's situation. This
may aid the researchers' efforts to accelerate ecological succession and enable them to adopt
some of the natural techniques already being used by the Aeta inhabitants given that it has
previously been tried and tested. Building a road network in the area would not be too difficult;
the researchers will just need to enhance the natural road that already connects the town proper
to the barangay. There’s also an existing community in the area so the researchers will only
need to rearrange and rebuild some of the destroyed infrastructure and add additional built-up
structures that the community needs. Since there are nearby freshwater bodies, the site's water
supply is not a concern; all that the researchers must do is include a structural modification to
address the issue.
Weakness
The soil stability and fertility are not in good condition given that lahar inundated the
majority of the land. The site's size has drawbacks as well being relatively large for building a
tiny community with few possible areas to put into it. It is also very warm on the site (based
on the researcher's site visit in January 2023) and extremely humid considering that the location
receives direct sunshine and that there are numerous lahar fields in the vicinity. The noise
around the site may also be difficult to block provided that the noise is coming from firearms
and explosions, thus it is necessary to use dense flora and forest cover.
Opportunities
There are a lot of opportunities on the site considering that it is essentially a clean slate.
The researchers decided to cluster the residential areas for the community since doing so has
several advantages connected to certain uses of the open space and the "feeling" that this space
creates for a community. Besides with increasing habitat for wildlife and maintaining a site's
natural features, it can also reduce storm water runoff from impervious surfaces and naturally
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filter storm water. It can also help establish broader and more effective "environmental
corridors" within and between settlements. The researchers also selected to put necessary
community infrastructures in the area, such as extra educational buildings for high school and
vocational courses. The property also includes a health facility, a public market and other
commercial buildings, terminals, churches, a venue for cultural events, an amphitheater, a park
for renewable energy sources, a public park, a school park, a new barangay hall, a water
reservoir, and a land fill or disposal area. For the tourists or visitors, the researchers also
inserted a tourism area in the site with a museum, restaurant, Mini Park, and souvenir shops,
although it is far away from the actual Aeta village as it will be a protected natural area.
Threats
As indicated in the site's existing hazards above, there are many threats that surround the
site in addition to its many opportunities, including flooding, landslides, air-fall tephra, and
volcanic ashes.
VI.
ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
IMPLEMENTATION
PROCEDURE AND SCHEMATICS
1. Agroforestry
Agroforestry is viewed as an alternative production system that can enhance soil stability
and productivity, balance infiltration rate, improve water quality, and reestablish biodiversity.
It is essential in addressing the implementation of accelerating the ecological succession that
is currently taking place in Barangay Villar, Botolan, and Zambales. In this approach,
agricultural crops are produced along with the environmental advantages of trees. Similarly,
livestock might be crucial in a system with a variety of fodder crops. The idea behind
agroforestry is that adding trees to an agricultural landscape can increase the system's
productivity and sustainability while also promoting more balanced land management. As a
result, this method of land usage presents a chance to remedy the devastation caused by the
Mount Pinatubo eruption. In light of this, agroforestry can be implemented in Barangay Villar,
especially in its Lahar Fields. However, before an agro-forestation program is implemented in
the barangay, the possible sites must be properly analyzed and assessed so that adjustments can
be made. Also, the data gained will be used to develop an innovative and comprehensive
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strategy that will be used to adopt particular technologies or methodologies into the area. The
best alternatives combine Conservation Farming Village (Seed production of Multi-Purpose
Shrubs or Legumes and Contour Farming), Plant Succession, and Permaculture Design
Principles.
In view of the fact that the study's objective to restore the biodiversity of the ancestral
domain will be accomplished through a succession of linked actions with the express purpose
of reestablishing the area's functions to peak levels through revegetation procedures. The
practices listed below should be prioritized more to ensure the success of forest revegetation
programs.
a) Enhancing the Topsoil
Before formally beginning to establish planting schemes for agroforestry regions, the laharaffected soil must be rebuilt. As the researchers studied how to accelerate ecological succession
and incorporate various strategies, they developed a site-specific procedure. They will now
carry out steps four, five and six of the accelerated sequence. "Using what is already growing"
is the fourth phase, in which the researchers analyzed the pioneer species growing in the
agroforestry regions they selected (areas significantly impacted by lahar). Chromolaena
odorata, Uniola paniculata, and Saccharum spontaneum dominate these habitats. These
species are found as invasive weeds, similar to typical pioneer species, and as stated in the
constructed procedure, these species must be mowed and used as mulch because their purpose
is to stabilize and enrich the topsoil for the next generation of plant species that will be
introduced to the area.
Another approach from the book Philippine Case Studies on Sustainable Land Management
that could be used is seed production of Flemingia macrophylla and Indigofera tinctoria in
sloping areas where these species are planted along contour lines. Farmers typically use them
to enrich the soil, improve ground cover, and trap distributed runoff in sloping areas, which
can benefit both the Aeta people and the state of agroforestry areas.
The chemicals and nutrients present in the top soil must also be taken into account in order
to successfully improve it. The fifth chapter claims that while the soil from the research region
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has a correct balance in pH, phosphorus, and nitrogen, it is deficient in potassium and organic
matter. The following is a list of solutions for this chemical and nutrient shortage in the soil.
Table 6.2. Solutions for deficient chemicals in the soil of Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales
b) Choice of Species. Any planting operation must make careful species selections. The
wrong species being planted is an extremely expensive error. The appropriate species
selection for Barangay Villar will depend on the following factors: site suitability, available
technology, market demand, and societal preferences. The use of indigenous tree species
should be prioritized to restore the previous forest composition and structure because the
primary goal of forest revegetation is accelerating the succession. The tree species that have
been examined to grow adequately (or have capability) in the area and could be used for
forest revegetation are shown in table below based on the information that is currently
available and actual observations.
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Table 6.3. Potential Species for Agroforestry Areas in Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales
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c) Quality Planting Stock Production. Poor planting stock production is one of the
primary issues of nursery seedling development. Instead of prioritizing quality, quantity
has become the standard. The researchers must obtain and produce the required quantity of
the chosen species seedlings (stated in the table above) by following these procedures:

Reliable seed sources – The researchers must find a sufficient supplier of seeds to
meet annual planting stock needs. The preservation of genetic diversity, which is
essential to preserving stability in a changing environment, should go hand in hand
with this technique (vs. pests and diseases and climate change). The researchers
could accomplish this by choosing seeds from various sources rather than focusing
on a small number.

Best nursery practices - The main goal of the researchers is to create high-quality
planting stocks that can grow into the Lahar inundated areas. Important nursery
methods include the following, in addition to high-quality seeds:
 Good soil foundation (proper aeration, drainage, and adequate soil
nutrients). The topsoil could be enriched by implementing the strategies and
approaches stated above to the selected agroforestry areas.
 For many different types of tree species to grow and develop properly, the
employment of helpful microorganisms (such mycorrhiza and Rhizobium
inoculants) is essential.
 Enhanced seedling growth in containers: Containerized seedling growth
clearly outperforms bare-root seedling growth. An innovation in
containerized seedling production is the use of root trainers, which ensures
appropriate root growth and development (particularly of a ramified root
system). The root trainer's ribbed sides direct the roots to develop downward
and vertically.
d) Transporting Seedlings. The researchers should ensure that lifting procedures would
be carried out carefully during the actual implementation process because it can reduce
shocks during seedling transfer. This harsh and prolonged handling and excessive exposure
to sun radiation should be completely avoided so seedling baskets or carts should be used.
e) Nursery Sites. The researchers must also include the construction of nurseries during
the implementation process which they must take into account its exposure, topography,
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water supply, soil quality, and proximity to the planting site. They should establish
communal nurseries as it makes the production of planting stocks easier, especially when
it comes to moving seedlings during planting.
f) Site Preparation. The researchers opted to establish a suitable environmental conditions
at the reforestation site so that it could give newly planted seedlings a massive advantage
on survival and growth. They must also treat both the current plants and the soil as they are
advised to weed and cultivate under the area's conditions.
g) Planting. The researchers must ensure that the planting holes have the right depth in
order for the taproot to hang vertically without bending as it is preferable to reduce a taproot
if it is excessively long rather than bend it, although this should have been done a week or
two prior to out planting in the nursery. The researchers should also be reminded of putting
the seedlings immediately below the root collar so that the root system won't be exposed
even if the soil settles for a very long time. They should take the seedling out of its container
right before planting, once the hole has been made and avoid to break the earth ball. Once
the earth has been carefully compacted by pressing it, they should tear the plastic bags apart
or cut it with a tiny knife. The upper portion of the earth ball should be somewhat deeper
but never higher than the surrounding soil surface when it is inserted into the planting hole.
The researchers should tap on root trainers to release the soil within together with the
seedling. To prevent breaks in the capillary system, they should firmly tamped the soil
surrounding the seedling after planting to remove all air pockets from between the ball and
the walls of the planting hole. To lessen evaporation and prevent the top layer from
hardening, the researchers should use grass or litter as a mulch around the seedling.
Typically, a 3 x 3 m gap could be employed.
VII.
DESIGN
1. Design Problem
The fundamental issue with the site's design is the lahar since it is not a stable base for the
construction of infrastructures and because it flooded the entire area, covering the soil where
all of the agroforestry areas would be created making it unfertile and degraded. The designated
development area in the barangay is approximately 120 hectares in size, which is relatively
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large for constructing a small village with limited options of areas to put in. The site's slope is
also a challenge since the researchers want it to look natural and don't want to disturb a big
amount of soil only to change the landscape, but there are parts with a steep slope that
encompass some areas of the design. The arrangement of the zones aligned near the water
source is not advantageous for the potential site of the ponds, making it difficult to locate and
design a water reservoir. Due to the existing road network on the site, the dumping area and
tourism were also difficult to identify. Overall, the researchers still managed to identify all of
the zones in the best possible places.
2. Design Goal and Requirements
The researchers’ goal for the design of the new Aeta community is for it to be sustainable,
as it would be considered a protected area for the next generation. The design should be
adaptable to the site's environment while still looking very natural and using natural materials
so that it does not cost much in budget and maintenance. It also aims to bring as much forest
back as possible by selecting almost all of the areas indulging in lahar to be an agroforest region
and incorporating the process of accelerating ecological succession in the said areas.
Design Requirements (Community Facilities):

Clustered type residential areas

Reconstructed Barangay Hall

Health Clinic

Recreation Areas

Public Market

Commercial buildings

Renewable energy source parks

Additional educational facilities (Elementary, High School, Vocational)

School Park (including Basketball Court, Playground, Stage, Monument, Mini Forest,
and Jogging track)

Churches

Public Transportation Terminal

Cultural Events Place
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
Amphitheater

Water reservoir (including Pumping station, Enhanced swales, Decks, and Shaded
structures)

Disposal Area (including Land fill, Truck parking, Office, and Water treatment facility)
Design Requirements (Tourism Area Facilities):

Cultural Museum of Aetas

Restaurant

Souvenir Shops

Mini park

Parking
Design Requirements (Others):

Improved Road Network

Agroforestry Areas
3. Design Approach
The researchers will design the Sustainable Aeta Community using biomimetics or
biomimicry. Biomimetics, also known as biomimicry, is the imitation of natural models,
systems, and elements in order to solve complicated human issues. The researchers believed
that this is the key approach for the site since they want the design to be very natural-looking
and to use natural methods and materials given that the design goal is to restore the Aeta
community's traditional way of life while also improving their quality of life. It is also
considered because of the natural process of ecological succession, which the researchers claim
will allow the design to adapt better to the healing condition of the site if this technique is used.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
4. Design Concept
Figure 6.1. Gilata Shell for Design Concept
For the design concept, the researchers looked into numerous species found in the ancestral
domain as well as a species important to the culture of the Aeta people. This must also be
related to the design's major objective, which was sustainability and the usage of biomimicry.
While looking for a species to represent a concept in the native book created by the Botoleños:
Pamana, one species got their attention, which is the Gilata that serves as the major ingredient
of the Aetas’ native meal or exotic cuisine. Gilata is a slimy liquid-secreting freshwater
gastropod that can be eaten. It has a delicate exterior that nearly resembles a transparent shell.
The majority of its locations were along riverbanks, brooks, and streams and is commonly
found in Botolan, Zambales. It became a staple of the Aetas ancestors' local diet because of the
pleasing flavor of its flesh and was regarded as an exotic food.
The researchers were inspired by the Gilata's shell when they dug more into the meaning
of shells and how nature defines them. It is claimed that mollusks, soft animals without
backbones like slugs or snails, are the ones that create shells. They produce a shell around their
body using secretions on their skin. They build up this shell on their bodies layer by layer by
converting the components in their surroundings into calcium carbonate. Despite never being
alive, shells develop and live with their mollusk maker. While shells are species-specific, they
are all distinctive in their own way, a sign of the health of the environment, and influenced by
the mollusk's diet or the surroundings in which it lives. Shells and the mollusks that produce
them can be geographically distinct, depending on the nutrients and food sources present
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locally. As a snail dies, its shell returns to the ocean or to the body of water it originally came
from, where it will be molded by the tides and the passage of time. Hermit crabs and other
creatures can live there, and when the shells decompose, they add nutrients to the water. Shells
are exquisite to look at and distinctive in and of themselves.
Shells are a symbol of sustainability. In a logical sense, the journey toward sustainable
existence for individuals is similar to that of the shell. Those who are completely new to
sustainable living could feel as though they are creating a brand-new sustainability education
foundation from the ground up with layers of knowledge and life experience. Individuals may
discover that those in their social or physical surroundings are building sustainable lives that
are the same as or comparable to their own (much like mollusks build shells). Despite how
similar their pathways may appear, how well they maintain their sustainable selves will decide
how well they are able to follow them (their finances, environment, and social connections).
In scientific terms, shells are a representation of sustainability because they sustain their
owner as much as their owner sustains them. Given that one of the simplest and most evident
things they offer to their owner is a home. Similar to how wonderful everything in nature is
created, mollusks produced secretions that transformed environmental materials into calcium
carbonate, which in turn formed shells. It is said that after the mollusk dies, its shell can become
a home for another animal, just like how people have turned all these natural places into their
homes such as the ancestral domain. It is also claimed that when a shell breaks down, it releases
nutrients into the water. This appears to be the case with the ancestral domain, where Mt.
Pinatubo's lahar now provides nutrients to the plants as the community uses it as fertilizer, and
the area is undergoing an ecological succession that resembles the process of a new shell
forming.
The researchers then came to a final verdict to adopt the Gilata shell—or shell in general—
as a concept for the design since it is a significant component of the Aetas' culture and can
serve as a natural model to imitate its goal of sustainability for the community planning. It will
be reflected in the design's form composition as well as in its specifics, such as the utilization
of local raw materials for construction and the full scope of the lahar's benefits to accelerate
succession and create a sustainable environment for the community.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
2. Form Description
The researchers used a radial form composition for the general form of the design as it
resembles their design concept which is the top view of the shell. While curvilinear and
rectilinear were used in different types of subareas within sites, the curvilinear were mostly
used in the planting areas to make it look naturally placed and planted and the rectilinear were
used on gray infrastructures which symbolizes modernity.
3. Master Development Plan
The final Master Development Plan is divided into four major areas: Aeta Village (a protected
nature reserve area), a tourism area, a community landfill, and agroforestry regions. These areas
are zoned based on the study area's existing land use as described in the municipality's
comprehensive land use plan. They are positioned in the most beneficial locations for both the
environment and people. The design is chosen to be very natural in order to preserve the Aeta's
natural habitat in which they can practice their food gathering culture, as well as to minimize
the use of many high-end and modernized materials that would be difficult to transport in the
area due to the lack of electricity and constructed roads.
Figure 6.2. Sample Zoning Layout for Master Development Plan
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Aeta Village
The researchers created the Aeta village by prioritizing the inclusion of amenities that provide
basic human needs, as well as particular areas dedicated to celebrating the Aetas' culture and
praise and worship rituals. The Aeta village is made up of clustered-type residential areas, a
community center, additional educational facilities and commercial area, community churches,
community events place, a public transportation terminal, water reservoir and an expansion
area.
a) Residential Areas - The researchers created a clustered-type design for the village's
residential sections since it is known to promote common open space, which protects
natural areas. Each family will be given a 300-square-meter land on which to build an
average-sized house and an edible garden. Residential Area A is made up of 24 vacant
lots that can accommodate up to 40 families. Residential Area B is made up of 34 vacant
lots that can house up to 40 families. The residential sections along roadways are made
up of 50 lots that can house up to 50-70 households. Because there is no electricity on
the site, a solar energy park is included in the center of the residential areas. Each solar
tree at Solar Energy Park A has a capacity of 3.6 kW/day. It has a daily output of 158
kW, enough to power 40-50 houses. Solar Energy Park B features 20 solar trees, each
having a capacity of 3.6 kW/day, for a total capacity of 72 kW/day, enough to power 2030 houses.
b) Community Center – Some of the existing areas, such as the barangay hall and the
recreation area, are incorporated into the community center. Given that the existing
structure was destroyed by the recent typhoon, the researchers designed a new barangay
hall. The community center also includes a renovated recreation space, a health clinic,
and a public market, which will provide the Aeta people' fundamental daily needs.
c) Community Educational Center – Since the community only has an elementary
school, the researchers designed additional educational facilities. The researchers also
built additional commercial infrastructure in the region for pupils, as well as an ecorecreational park for school events.
d) Community Events Place and Community Church – The researchers took into
account the Aeta people's religion and culture while designing two locations where
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inhabitants may carry out their traditional activities, events, and praise and worship
ceremonies.
e) Public Transport Terminal – During an actual site visit in the study area, the
researchers discovered that there is no proper terminal for the transportation of tourists
and residents, so they decided to incorporate this area into the community so that
transportation from the lowlands to the mountain, and from the mountain to the lowlands,
will be easy and accessible.
f) Water Reservoir –The water reservoir is planned as a series of ponds
considering what is appropriate for the location. The reservoir's water will originate from
a tributary related to Mount Pinatubo, and any excess water will be released into the
agroforestry lands below the reservoir. The reservoir has a capacity of 42,920 cubic
meters and can supply domestic water to 1,670 persons per month.
g) Expansion Area – This area will be utilized and expanded in the future when the
community’s population increases. It will have the same layout as the site’s present
layout.
Tourism Area - The tourism area, which is located quite far from Aeta village due to its status
as a protected nature reserve, has its own amenities featuring food, entertainment, and
recreation. It includes a restaurant, cultural museum of Aetas, souvenir shops, and a mini park.
Community Land Fill - The disposal area was created for the entire community to have
adequate waste management and to keep the ecosystem healthy.
Agroforestry - Agroforestry regions determined on the lahar fields are designed using the
approaches and strategies gathered during the study.
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I
K
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
J
H
K
THESIS TITLE:
K
A
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
D
E
A
F
LEGENDS:
L
A - RESIDENTIAL AREA
B - RESERVOIR
C - COMMUNITY CENTER
D - COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE
E - COMMUNITY EDUCATION CENTER
F - TRANSPORT TERMINAL
G - CHURCH AREA
H - TOURISM AREA
I - COMMUNITY LAND FILL
J - EXPANSION AREA
K - AGROFORESTRY AREAS
L - AGROFORESTRY AREA W/ PLANT
NURSERY
L
C
G
SUBJECT AND DATE:
A
K
A
A
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
B
DRAWN BY:
ALL GROUP MEMBERS
CHECKED BY:
GENERAL NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
DETAILS FOR AGROFORESTRY
AREAS
ARE
INDICATED
IN
CHAPTER 6 OF THE BOOK.
THE SITE'S EXPANSION AREA
WILL
BE
UTILIZED
AND
EXPANDED IN THE FUTURE
WHEN
THE
COMMUNITY'S
POPULATION INCREASES. IT
WILL HAVE THE SAME LAYOUT
AS
THE
SITE'S
PRESENT
LAYOUT.
THE WATER RESERVOIR HAS A
CAPACITY OF 42,920 m3 AND
CAN
PROVIDE
DOMESTIC
WATER FOR 1,670 PEOPLE A
MONTH.
THE ESTIMATED LOT SIZE
ALLOTTED FOR HOUSES AND AN
EDIBLE GARDEN PER FAMILY IS
300 sqm.
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
K
MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
K
PAGE NO.:
1
LA1-01-01
MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
SCALE
1:8,000 METERS
GRAPHIC SCALE:
0 20
10
100
50
100 METERS
LA1-01-01
KEY PLAN:
I
I
LEGENDS:
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
I
A - DECK WITH SITTING AREA
B - WATER FEATURE
C - TRELLIS WITH BENCHES BELOW
D - ELEVATED SOLAR PANEL (SOLAR TREE)
WITH PLANTING AREA BELOW
E - LAWN
F - PAVING 01 (GRASS BLOCK)
G - PAVING 02 (FLAGSTONE)
H - VEGETATION
I - RESIDENTIAL LOT
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
H
I
I
THESIS TITLE:
F
E
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
C
A
B
E
EG
D
I
I
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
ALL GROUP MEMBERS
I
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
RESIDENTIAL AREA BLOW-UP PLAN
I
I
PAGE NO.:
1
LA2-01-01
RESIDENTIAL AREABLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
LA2-01-01
KEY PLAN:
O
N
O
N
P
P
M
O
M
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
N
I
A - BASKETBALL COURT
B - STAGE
C - BENCH
D - PAVING 01 (FLAGSTONE COLOR LIGHT GRAY)
E - PAVING 02 (FLAGSTONE COLOR GRAY)
F - DR. JOSE RIZAL MONUMENT
G - PLANTING AREA (CONCRETE PLANTER)
H - JOGGING PATH
I - PAVING 03 (BRICK PAVER)
J - SITTING AREA (ARTIFICIAL GRASS FLOORING)
K - PLAY AREA
L - VEGETATION
M - PLANTING AREA (ON GRADE)
N - LAWN
O - TRELLIS WITH BENCHES BELOW
P - ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BUILDING
Q - HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING
R - VOCATIONAL BUILDING
R - COMMERCIAL STORE
M
L
LEGENDS:
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
M
L
M
L
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
K
R
J
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
J
M
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
E
THESIS TITLE:
M
O
L
L
H
F
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
R
G
B
N
C
L
SUBJECT AND DATE:
L
A
O
M
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
M
N
DRAWN BY:
M
D
ALL GROUP MEMBERS
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
M
SHEET CONTENTS:
I
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK BLOW-UP PLAN
Q
R
N
M
M
O
Q
O
M
N
PAGE NO.:
1
LA2-02-02
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK
BLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:400 METERS
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
LA2-02-02
KEY PLAN:
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
LEGENDS:
A - PAVING 01 (GRASS BLOCK)
B - PAVING 02 (BRICK PAVER)
C - GRAVEL
D - COMMUNITY MARKET
E - BARANGAY HALL
F - HEALTH CENTER
G - PLAY AREA (ARTIFICIAL GRASS FLOORING)
H - SITTING AREA (ARTIFICIAL GRASS FLOORING)
I - LAWN
J - RECREATIONAL LAWN
K - PLANTING AREA
L - TRELLIS WITH BENCHES BELOW
M - PARKING
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
F
I
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
I
I
E
K
A
M
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
K
K
K
K
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
A
K
I
L
J
THESIS TITLE:
I
G
L
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
M
K
K
B
K
H
K
I
K
K
K
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
D
ALL GROUP MEMBERS
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
C
COMMUNITY CENTER BLOW-UP PLAN
C
A
B
M
PAGE NO.:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
LA2-03-03
COMMUNITY CENTER BLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
LA2-03-03
KEY PLAN:
A
F
LEGENDS:
A - STAGE
B - LAWN
C - CONCRETE BENCH
D - STEP PADS
E - STAIRS
F - PAVING 01 (BRICK PAVERS)
G - PAVING 02 (FLAGSTONE)
H - VEGETATION
I - PLANTING AREA
J - EVENT'S PLACE
K - ACCENT TREE
L - TRELLIS WITH BENCHES BELOW
M - BENCH
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
F
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
G
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
B
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
G
D
C
C
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
D
B
G
G
C
L
C
B
D
THESIS TITLE:
G
L
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
B
G
H
E
G
L
L
F
L
H
E
L
L
F
SUBJECT AND DATE:
L
H
E
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
L
H
G
E
L
DRAWN BY:
L
ALL GROUP MEMBERS
L
CHECKED BY:
G
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
J
H
K
SHEET CONTENTS:
I
AMPHITHEATER BLOW-UP PLAN
M
J
G
F
PAGE NO.:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
LA2-04-04
AMPHITHEATER BLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
LA2-04-04
KEY PLAN:
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
LEGENDS:
C
B
A - CHURCH
B - PLANTING AREA
C - VEGETATION
D - PAVING 01 (FLAGSTONE COLOR LIGHT GRAY)
E - PAVING 02 (BRICK PAVERS)
F - GRAVEL
G - PARKING
H - PRAYER GARDEN
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
D
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
F
C
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
G
THESIS TITLE:
C
E
E
B
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
A
C
D
B
SUBJECT AND DATE:
B
E
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
H
C
DRAWN BY:
ALL GROUP MEMBERS
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
CHURCH AREA BLOW-UP PLAN
PAGE NO.:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
LA2-05-05
CHURCH AREA BLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
LA2-05-05
LEGENDS:
HP 1.0000
LP 1.0000
HIGH POINT
LOW POINT
PROPERTY
LINE
EXISTING
CONTOUR
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
FILL
CUT
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
195.00
LP 195.00
197.50
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
202.50
HP 200.00
200.00
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
197.50
195.00
THESIS TITLE:
195.00
HP 267.50
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
267.50
265.00
262.50
225.00
260.00
197.50
257.50
HP 250.00
255.00
227.50
230.00
232.50
235.00
237.50
252.50
240.00
250.00
240.00
245.00
250.00
242.50
245.00
230.00
247.50
242.50
247.50
227.50
LP 200.00
225.00
197.50
222.50
197.50
220.00
217.50
200.00
255.00
202.50
SUBJECT AND DATE:
257.50
HP 277.50
252.50
205.00
215.00
280.00
207.50
212.50
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
277.50
210.00
275.00
250.00
272.50
247.50
252.50
LP 260.00
245.00
DRAWN BY:
270.00
267.50
267.50
259.50
242.50
240.00
265.00
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
265.00
257.00
CHECKED BY:
262.00
225.00
237.50
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
227.50
255.00
235.00
230.00
LP 225.00
HP 267.50
257.50
252.50
232.50
267.50
SHEET CONTENTS:
270.00
SITE GRADING - CUT AND FILL
250.00
235.00
247.50
LP 235.00
260.00
262.50
265.00
245.00
237.50
242.50
240.00
PAGE NO.:
1
LA3-01-01
SITE GRADING - CUT AND FILL
SCALE
GRAPHIC SCALE:
0 20
100
1:8,000 METERS
10
50
100 METERS
LA3-01-01
LEGENDS:
HP 1.0000
LP 1.0000
HIGH POINT
LOW POINT
PROPERTY
LINE
EXISTING
CONTOUR
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
FILL
CUT
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
195.00
LP 195.00
197.50
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
202.50
HP 200.00
200.00
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
197.50
195.00
THESIS TITLE:
195.00
HP 267.50
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
267.50
265.00
262.50
225.00
260.00
197.50
257.50
HP 250.00
255.00
227.50
230.00
232.50
235.00
237.50
252.50
240.00
250.00
240.00
245.00
250.00
242.50
245.00
230.00
247.50
242.50
247.50
227.50
LP 200.00
225.00
197.50
222.50
197.50
220.00
217.50
200.00
255.00
202.50
SUBJECT AND DATE:
257.50
HP 277.50
252.50
205.00
215.00
280.00
207.50
212.50
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
277.50
210.00
275.00
250.00
272.50
247.50
252.50
LP 260.00
245.00
DRAWN BY:
270.00
267.50
267.50
259.50
242.50
240.00
265.00
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
265.00
257.00
CHECKED BY:
262.00
225.00
237.50
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
227.50
255.00
235.00
HP 267.50
230.00
LP 225.00
257.50
252.50
232.50
267.50
SHEET CONTENTS:
270.00
SITE GRADING - PROPOSED CONTOUR
250.00
235.00
247.50
LP 235.00
260.00
262.50
265.00
245.00
237.50
242.50
240.00
PAGE NO.:
1
LA3-02-02
SITE GRADING - PROPOSED CONTOUR
SCALE
1:8,000 METERS
GRAPHIC SCALE:
0 20
10
100
50
100 METERS
LA3-02-02
KEY PLAN:
LP 242.50
245.00
245.00
LEGENDS:
FL 243.10
242.50
242.50
TC 1.0000 TOP OF CURB
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BC 1.0000 BOTTOM OF CURB
TW 1.0000 TOP OF WALL
BW1.0000 BOTTOM OF WALL
FL 242.50
BS 242.35
BS 242.35
TS 243.50
BS 243.50
TR 1.0000 TOP OF RAMP
BS 242.35
BR 1.0000 BOTTOM OF RAMP
TS 245.20
BS 245.20
TS 246.05
BS 246.05
TS 243.50
BS 243.50
TB 248.25
BB 247.80
247.50
BS 1.0000 BOTTOM OF STEPS
TS 243.50
BS 243.50
TS 245.20
BS 245.20
TB 248.50
BB 248.05
TS 246.05
BS 246.05
TB 1.0000 TOP OF BENCH
247.50
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
BB 1.0000 BOTTOM OF BENCH
WL 1.0000 WATER LEVEL
TB 248.50
BB 247.05
TS 245.20
BS 245.20
THESIS TITLE:
FL 1.0000 FLOOR LEVEL
TB 248.50
BB 248.05
TB 248.50
BB 247.05
HP 1.0000 HIGH POINT
TS 246.05
BS 246.05
TB 249.00
BB 248.55
LP 1.0000 LOW POINT
TB 248.50
BB 248.05
250.00
TB 250.50
BB 250.05
TB 249.00
BB 248.55
RIGHT OF WAY
250.00
TS 248.60
BS 248.60
TB 250.75
BB 250.30
TB 251.00
BB 250.55
TB 252.75
BB 252.30
PROPERTY LINE
TB 248.50
BB 248.05
TB 249.00
BB 248.55
TB 250.75
BB 250.30
TS 250.70
TB 251.00
BB 250.55
TB 250.75
BB 250.30
BS 250.70
TB 252.75
BB 252.30
TB 252.75
BB 252.30
TB 253.25
BB 252.80
252.50
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
TS 1.0000 TOP OF STEPS
TB 253.25
BB 252.80
TS 252.80
TB 253.25
BB 252.8
GENERAL NOTES:
TB 253.25
BB 252.8
1.
TB 252.75
BB 252.30
ALL ZOCALOS ON THIS PLAN
ARE ELEVATED AT .4 METER
FROM THE GROUND.
SUBJECT AND DATE:
252.50
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
TB 254.75
BB 254.30
TB 255.00
BB 245.55
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
TB 250.75
BB 250.30
BS 252.80
TB 254.75
BB 254.30
EXISTING
CONTOUR
TB 250.50
BB 250.05
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
TB 255.00
BB 245.55
DRAWN BY:
TS 254.90
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
257.50
255.00
255.00
FL 255.75
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
HP 256.25
257.50
PAGE NO.:
1
LA3-03-03
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA3-03-03
KEY PLAN:
250.00
247.50
TB 248.70
BB 248.25
LEGENDS:
TC 1.0000 TOP OF CURB
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BC 1.0000 BOTTOM OF CURB
TC 250.00
TB 248.45
TW 1.0000 TOP OF WALL
BC 250.15
BB 248.00
FL 248.00
TB 249.95
TB 248.70
BC 250.00
BW1.0000 BOTTOM OF WALL
TC 250.15
TS 1.0000 TOP OF STEPS
BB 249.50
BB 248.25
BS 1.0000 BOTTOM OF STEPS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
FL 247.25
TR 1.0000 TOP OF RAMP
TB 249.45
BB 249.00
BR 1.0000 BOTTOM OF RAMP
TB 1.0000 TOP OF BENCH
TB 248.45
BB 248.00
TB 249.45
BB 249.00
FL 1.0000 FLOOR LEVEL
THESIS TITLE:
TC 250.15
HP 1.0000 HIGH POINT
LP 1.0000 LOW POINT
TB 250.20
TB 248.95
BB 249.75
BB 248.50
TB 249.95
PROPERTY LINE
TC 250.15
BC 250.00
RIGHT OF WAY
BB 249.50
EXISTING
CONTOUR
1.
TB 249.70
TB 249.70
TW 248.85
BW 248.25
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
GENERAL NOTES:
BB 249.50
245.00
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
250.00
TB 249.95
BB 249.25
ALL ZOCALOS ON THIS PLAN
ARE ELEVATED AT .4 METER
FROM THE GROUND.
SUBJECT AND DATE:
BB 249.25
BS 248.25
TS 249.00
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
TB 249.45
BB 249.00
TW 249.25
TW 248.75
BW 248.25
TB 248.70
BB 248.25
BB 248.25
TB 248.70
242.50
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
BB 1.0000 BOTTOM OF BENCH
WL 1.0000 WATER LEVEL
BC 250.00
BS 248.125
TS 248.875
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
FL 248.25
DRAWN BY:
BS 248.25
TB 248.70
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
BB 248.00
TB 248.45
BB 248.25
BS 248.25
TS 249.00
BS 248.25
TS 249.00
BB 248.00
TB 248.45
TB 248.70
TB 249.45
TB 249.25
BB 249.00
BB 249.70
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
BB 248.25
TB 248.70
BB 249.50
FL 248.25
TB 249.95
BB 249.25
SHEET CONTENTS:
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
TB 249.70
247.50
FL 248.75
PAGE NO.:
1
LA3-04-04
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA3-04-04
KEY PLAN:
255.00
LEGENDS:
TC 1.0000 TOP OF CURB
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BC 1.0000 BOTTOM OF CURB
TR 257.65
BR 257.50
TW 1.0000 TOP OF WALL
TR 257.65
BW1.0000 BOTTOM OF WALL
BR 257.50
260.00
TR 257.65
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
TS 1.0000 TOP OF STEPS
BR 257.50
BS 1.0000 BOTTOM OF STEPS
TR 257.65
BR 257.50
TR 1.0000 TOP OF RAMP
257.50
BR 1.0000 BOTTOM OF RAMP
TB 1.0000 TOP OF BENCH
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
BB 1.0000 BOTTOM OF BENCH
TR 257.90
TR 257.65
BR 257.75
WL 1.0000 WATER LEVEL
BR 257.50
THESIS TITLE:
FL 1.0000 FLOOR LEVEL
BR 257.75
HP 1.0000 HIGH POINT
TR 257.90
LP 1.0000 LOW POINT
PROPERTY LINE
RIGHT OF WAY
TR 258.40
TC 260.15
BR 258.25
EXISTING
CONTOUR
BC 260.00
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
TR 258.65
TR 259.90
BC 260.50
BR 258.50
BR 259.75
TC 260.65
GENERAL NOTES:
1.
TR 258.90
ALL ZOCALOS ON THIS PLAN
ARE ELEVATED AT .4 METER
FROM THE GROUND.
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
BR 258.75
BR 258.25
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
TR 258.40
BR 260.00
TR 260.15
BR 258.50
DRAWN BY:
TR 258.65
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
260.00
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
TR 260.15
BR 260.00
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
BB 257.95
TB 257.50
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
FL 257.50
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
TR 259.15
FL 257.65
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
BR 259.00
TR 259.40
BR 259.25
TB 257.95
BB 257.50
PAGE NO.:
1
LA3-05-05
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA3-05-05
KEY PLAN:
TC 252.65
BC 252.50
TC 252.15
BC 250.00
TC 252.65
BC 252.50
255.00
TC 250.15
BC 250.00
LEGENDS:
FL 247.52
TC 1.0000 TOP OF CURB
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BC 1.0000 BOTTOM OF CURB
HP 247.52
TB 253.70
BB 253.25
TB 252.20
BB 251.75
247.50
TW 1.0000 TOP OF WALL
BW1.0000 BOTTOM OF WALL
252.50
TC 1.0000
BC 1.0000
BS 1.0000 BOTTOM OF STEPS
TC 1.0000
BC 1.0000
TR 1.0000 TOP OF RAMP
BR 1.0000 BOTTOM OF RAMP
250.00
TB 251.20
BB 250.75
TB 250.95
BB 250.50
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
TS 1.0000 TOP OF STEPS
TB 1.0000 TOP OF BENCH
TB 252.45
BB 252.00
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
BB 1.0000 BOTTOM OF BENCH
TB 251.70
BB 251.25
WL 1.0000 WATER LEVEL
THESIS TITLE:
FL 1.0000 FLOOR LEVEL
TC 250.15
BC 250.00
HP 1.0000 HIGH POINT
TB 252.20
BB 251.75
LP 1.0000 LOW POINT
PROPERTY LINE
RIGHT OF WAY
TC 250.15
BC 250.00
EXISTING
CONTOUR
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
TW 252.35
BW 251.60
TW 252.35
BW 251.60
TS 252.35
BS 251.75
TW 252.35
BW 251.75
1.
BW 251.60
TW 252.35
TS 252.10
BS 251.50
TW 252.35
BW 251.60
GENERAL NOTES:
TS 252.35
BS 251.75
TW 252.10
BW 251.50
BW 251.60
TW 252.35
BW 251.50
TW 252.10
ALL ZOCALOS ON THIS PLAN
ARE ELEVATED AT .4 METER
FROM THE GROUND.
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
TB 253.10
BB 252.65
TC 252.65
BC 252.50
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
FL 252.65
DRAWN BY:
TC 252.65
BC 252.50
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
FL 252.50
TB 253.10
BB 252.65
252.50
BW 252.65
TW 253.10
HP 255.00
BW 252.50
TW 253.10
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
255.00
TS 253.10
BS 252.50
SHEET CONTENTS:
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
BW 252.65
TW 253.10
BW 252.50
TW 253.10
TC 252.90
BC 252.75
TC 252.90
BC 252.75
PAGE NO.:
1
LA3-06-06
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA3-06-06
KEY PLAN:
277.50
HP 277.50
255.00
275.00
257.50
272.50
270.00
LEGENDS:
260.00
TC 1.0000 TOP OF CURB
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BC 1.0000 BOTTOM OF CURB
LP 261.25
TW 1.0000 TOP OF WALL
267.50
BW1.0000 BOTTOM OF WALL
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
TS 1.0000 TOP OF STEPS
BS 1.0000 BOTTOM OF STEPS
TR 1.0000 TOP OF RAMP
BR 1.0000 BOTTOM OF RAMP
262.50
TB 1.0000 TOP OF BENCH
WL 262.50
265.00
FL 259.50
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
BB 1.0000 BOTTOM OF BENCH
HP 267.50
WL 1.0000 WATER LEVEL
267.50
THESIS TITLE:
FL 1.0000 FLOOR LEVEL
HP 1.0000 HIGH POINT
265.00
LP 1.0000 LOW POINT
LP 265.00
PROPERTY LINE
WL 260.00
RIGHT OF WAY
FL 257.00
EXISTING
CONTOUR
260.00
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
LP 261.25
GENERAL NOTES:
1.
WL 265.00
FL 262.00
260.00
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
265.00
262.50
ALL ZOCALOS ON THIS PLAN
ARE ELEVATED AT .4 METER
FROM THE GROUND.
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
257.50
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
267.50
CHECKED BY:
255.00
270.00
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
HP 270.00
252.50
LP 250.00
250.00
1
LA3-07-07
PAGE NO.:
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA3-07-07
KEY PLAN:
240.00
230.00
HP 238.75
237.50
TC 229.90
BC 229.75
235.00
LEGENDS:
TC 1.0000 TOP OF CURB
BC 229.50
TC 229.65
227.50
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BC 1.0000 BOTTOM OF CURB
TW 1.0000 TOP OF WALL
TS 229.40
BS 230.00
BW1.0000 BOTTOM OF WALL
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
TS 1.0000 TOP OF STEPS
BS 1.0000 BOTTOM OF STEPS
LP 227.50
TR 1.0000 TOP OF RAMP
BR 1.0000 BOTTOM OF RAMP
BS 230.00
TS 230.60
TB 1.0000 TOP OF BENCH
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
BB 1.0000 BOTTOM OF BENCH
TC 228.15
BC 228.00
WL 1.0000 WATER LEVEL
232.50
THESIS TITLE:
FL 1.0000 FLOOR LEVEL
HP 1.0000 HIGH POINT
230.00
BS 228.75
TS 229.35
LP 1.0000 LOW POINT
FL 230.60
PROPERTY LINE
FL 230.75
RIGHT OF WAY
TS 230.60
BS 230.00
EXISTING
CONTOUR
PROPOSED
CONTOUR
TS 228.75
BS 229.35
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
GENERAL NOTES:
1.
TC 228.90
BC 228.75
BS 230.00
TS 230.60
ALL ZOCALOS ON THIS PLAN
ARE ELEVATED AT .4 METER
FROM THE GROUND.
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
BS 230.60
TS 230.00
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
230.00
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
TC 230.40
BC 230.25
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
240.00
TC 230.15
BC 230.00
237.50
PAGE NO.:
232.50
1
LA3-08-08
HP 238.75
SITE GRADING - LEVELS PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA3-08-08
3.62
3.13
1.
50
R
5.14
6.24
3.95
1.22
0.09
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
0.10
0.80
THESIS TITLE:
7.64
7.64
1.03
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
6.25
6.45
DRAWN BY:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
R31.35
1.35
2.65
0.60
SHEET CONTENTS:
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
4.34
1.72
2.96
1.29
2.96
0.97
1.33
3.63
2.00
4.26
0.29
3.06
3.29
1.
00
10
0.90
1.09
0.10
0.
6.50
2.53 1.15 1.37
1.88
2.21
R3.00
1.41 1.70
4.42
2.26
1.91
R0.40
CHECKED BY:
5.66
0.85
0.50
SUBJECT AND DATE:
4.27
R31.35
.5
0
4.27
0
0
3.72
3.82
1.70 1.41
1.
4.30
.00
R3
1.0
2.58
LA4-01-01
.80
5
2.5
R3
0
1.2
R3.00
1
0
2.51
R3
3.13
.0
4.98
2.86
1.88
R39
3.83
1.0
R0.50
0
40
4.42
0.8
0.
R
1.70 1.41
2.26
40
.
R0
0
0.1
0
1.2
.50
R1
3.13
0.61
2.81
0.44
1.41 1.70
0
.4
R0
2.16
4.42
20
0.
10
4.42
R0
1.70 1.41
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
2.20
R0.40
20
1.
R1.
50
4.42
0.17
2.20
0.
8
0. 0
10
1.41 1.70
0.48
2.37
0.68
3.83
R1.50
2.45
4.39
2.30
2.18
0.98 2.15
80
0.
9.91
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
0.80
6.
25
0
1
0.
1.86
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
1.20
0.48 R0.40
2.05
0.
80
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
1.20
0.10
4.42
.40
R0
2.36
5.61
2.36
4.
00
R1
.5
0
2.49
R0.40
2.05
3.70
4.42
1.86 1.23 1.82 1.34
5.63
2.47
1.41 1.70
R0
.4
0
3.70
2.07
40
0
.4
R0
3.62
5.33
0
0.1
0
0.850
1.
.
R0
0
1.41 1.70
1.41
1.5
2.04
.40
R0
4.35
10
0.
8.18
0
0.1 0
0.8
R0.40
3.17
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
R0.40
3.60
0.93
1.41
0.80
0.29
1.56
1.88
3.36
0
.4
R0
0.10
0.80
R0.40
4.67
R0.40
1.87
R0.40
KEY PLAN:
PAGE NO.:
RESIDENTIAL AREA
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN A
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA4 - 01-01
2.82
2.67
R0
.6
5
3.89
1.19 2.10
2.78
3.41
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
0.53
2.20
1.15
8.11
3.41
3.79
2.56
3.14
2.93
3.59
1.74
0.1
0
2.4
3.99
1.11
0
2. 0
0
0
7.3
3.02
1.11
2.36
1.78
9.40
1.83
0.1
R2
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
1.3
5
5.32
0.49
4.54
4.61
1.88
R0.40
0.
80
0.
10
0
0.09
1.22
R0
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
R
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
DRAWN BY:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
R0
.4
0
2.37
0.68
3.83
1.
2
2.49
1.86 1.23 1.82 1.34
5.63
2.47
1.41 1.70
4.42
1
LA4-02-02
0.
8
0. 0
10
1.41 1.70
2.36
5.61
0.17
2.30
2.18
0
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
0.48 R0.40
2.05
0.
8
SHEET CONTENTS:
20
1.
4.42
4.
00
R1
.5
0
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
R1.50
2.45
4.39
.40
R
0.
40
0.
1.
10
50
2.36
R0
6.17
0.98 2.15
R0.40
2.05
4.42
0.48
1.70 1.41
3.70
1.70 1.41
3.70
2.07
.40
0
0.4
3.95
25
6.
6.09
0
.4
R0
0
0.1
0
0.850
1.
0. 0.8
10 0
2.04
1.41 1.70
4.42
0
4.42
4.35
1.
20
2.47
0.30
4.42
1.70 1.41
R3.00
3.77
.6
5
R0
8.18
1.5
1.19
1.41 1.70
4.12
4.50
4.11
1.53
2.43
0
0.1 0
0.8
5.27
00
4.17
1.70 1.41
4.43
THESIS TITLE:
2.
0
2.
00
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
R1.51
0.31
2.
45
0.63
.4
R0
15
3.86
0.96
5.10
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
5
.6
R0
4.69
3.
4.54
2.49
30
1. .10
0
10
0.
1.34
3.20
45
2.
0.10
3.32
5.27
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
1.86
7.22
0.84
0.63
1.51
0.74
3.24
0
1.88 1.54 2.07
2.43
5.23
R0.65
6.67
4.25
0.84
1.89
0
0.1
4.51
5.34
1.20
4.28
1.57
0
0.1
5
3.1
2.53
0
0. 1
5
2.4
0
2.50
2.84
0
0.1
1.2
0
2.0
0.77
3.83
KEY PLAN:
PAGE NO.:
RESIDENTIAL AREA
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN B
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA4 - 02-02
1.2 1.0
0
0
2.00
3.29
0.97
0.50
3.08
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
10
1.66
.74
0.60
2.55
0.60
5.67
1.72
2.78
2.55
0.76
1.66
2.64
5.02
0.31
2.35
2.09
0.60
3.00
0.60
1.72
2.78
0.60
0.85
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
DRAWN BY:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
0
00
1.
5.20
0.50
0.85
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
3.29
0.85
SHEET CONTENTS:
2.80
1.33
3.29
1.88
2.80
0
4.26
10
0.
1.0
0
2.00
00
0.97
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
1.
5.77
0.41
2.86
1.64
3.08
1.2
4.26
2.03
0
2.16
5.66
4.26 0.29
0.1
0
1.8
0
0.1
1
LA4-03-03
2.16
4.0
2.85
5.13
2.96
1.29
2.96
3.29
0
1.8
0.60 2.53
SUBJECT AND DATE:
1.33
0
1.8
0
1.74
0.60
4.34
4.0
0
3.20
3.63
2.86
0.42
0.97
1.64
2.53
1.33
0.1
3.20
2.16
00
1.
2.80
5.20
0.50 3.08
3.08
5.63
50
0.85
2.85
5.63
3.63
0.74
0.15
R7.7
1.35
1.12
10
3.10
2.00
5.32
4
3.29
4.98
R7
7.19
1.03
3.78
3.53
2.26
0.
10
0.
1.34
2.79
0.50
3.63
0.74
0.50
0.85
3.06
0.15
1.29
0.
3.10
0.58
2.91
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
1.12
5.23
0.58 1.63
0.93
1.63
4.23
4.23
1.03
3.53
00
3.30
0.60
4.51
4.51
1.69
3.06
4.09
0.60
7.00
0
0.1
1.8
0
2.00
2.77
4.48
5.00
2.96
3.86
0
.1
1.63
0.58
2.09
2.64
0.50
0.31
2.00
.74
R7
4.33
2.35
0.74
3.78
5.58
3.00
2.28
8.50
1.66
4.09
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
THESIS TITLE:
0.43
0.30
2.79
1.
2.79
2.00
2.57
3.63
10
3.06
0.58 1.63
4.68
0.
5
1.3
R3
0
2.03
0.90
2.16
0.74
.74
1
0.
4.77
4.33
4.26
2.00
4.54
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
3.63
R7
0.30
6.39
3.00
2.16
1.33
7.09
0.30
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
5.02
0.31
5.32
1.04
80
1.
2.91
1.33
3.98
0.85
1.64
1.49
1.03
2.35
0.85
0.58
2.64
2.09
3.78
4.23
0.93
2.79
1.63
0.50
1.12
2.00
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
0.74
R5
4.77
0.74
0.35
1.37
4.51
2.78
0.60
1.98
0.60
3.00
3.76
2.80
3.83
2.96
0.
5
0
2.86
0.42
0.60
4.09
3.29
0.85
0.85
3.63
1.29
0.42
4.23
0.93
1.03
0.
3.53
1.15
0.93
1.09
0
0.5
2.16
0.60
4.09
0.10
R7.74
3.10
1.86
4.51
3.83
4.77
2.78
1.80
3.00
2.75
0.60 1.72 2.55
5.67
3.00
0.60
1.34
4
0
1.12
1.88
3.10
0.30
7.19
.7
R7
0.5
4.41
3.78
0.85
1.63
2.09
2.64
2.91
1.09
6.38
0.74
2.03
0.10
0.85
2.85
4.37
0.58
0.31
2.35
0.90
0.50
1.33
2.79
1.63
0.58
0.85
1.66
2.16
6.80
74
3.53
0.74
3.08
0
4.26
R7.
0.50
1.33
0.60 2.52
0
1.
5
1.09
4.68
0
3.17
1.72
5.63
0.15
0
1.8
R33
.5
2.86
00
5.20
10
0.
1.
2.55
2.85
4.0
0
0.1
2.96
0.97
3.29
0.85
0.50
3.08
1.64
5.13
3.83
4.26
2.16
1.
00
0.
10
4.98
1.33
1.88
10
0.
0.85
4.34
00
1.
3.29
0.85
0.50
3.08
1.09
0.10
3.06
4.41
5.66
2.80
1.88
KEY PLAN:
2.16
0
1.2
2.58
4.26
5
2.5
R3
2.86
2.16
PAGE NO.:
RESIDENTIAL AREA
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN C
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA4 - 03-03
7.76
1.29
3.63
3.68
0.15
4.41
3.00
3.69
2.47
0.10
2.71
1.39
1.70
0.69
2.59
3.54
2.93
4.62
3.54
5.42
SCALE
1:300 METERS
4.56
1.87
1.83
2.81
4.32
1.90
DRAWN BY:
0
2.8
1.36
4.26
1.31
0.89 2.36
0
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
1.95
2.39
0.90
0.32
0.1
0.55
0.39
2.41
SHEET CONTENTS:
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
4.93
4.48
4.52
5.14
3.46
2.16
5.06
3.43
3.85
1.74
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
1.84
3.82
3.68
4.02
1
LA4-04-04
COMMUNITY CENTER
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN A
3.91
1.06
1.76
5.10
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
2.65
0.46
2.50
1.27
0.48
1.48
37
R6.
4.78
2.84
5.78
3.83
4.26
6.04
4.31
1.53
2.82
3.99 0.05
3.66
0.51
1.22
R5.00
9.39
0
1.81
1.33
R
6.48
4.36
2.98
R7.36
2.70
SUBJECT AND DATE:
1
0.
1.80
5.06
R13.98
2.60
0.09
3.73
2.8
0.50
5
2.4
5.06
0.28
0
3.78
5.21
2.75
0
0.1
R
.10
0.96
2.07
0.89
R5.30
0.76
1.89
2.41
4.86
1.60
2.70
4
2.9
2.15
3.24
0.88 2.00
2.42
1.56
2.91
6.28
1.66
3.08
R5.60
8.54
R3.31
R3.31
0.56
3.42
5.64
1.21
0
1.66
6.82
1.47
6.42
4.11
1.07
2.87
2.4
1
2.72
6.02
2.76
3.19
0.1
5.12
55
R2.
4.75
5.58
1.59
0.33
0.50
1.80
2.43
2.86
3.21
3.47
1.60
3.61
1.82
0
.1
2
R
9
.1
R2
3.84
0.72
R2.30
3.99
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
0.99
0.50
4.17
THESIS TITLE:
0
2.94
2.
10
4.39
2.75
1.18
2.60
0.47
4.87
2
R3.0
4
R2
.6
0.50
4.89
3.88
1.87
2.34
3.40
3.09
7.96
6.49
4.33
3
.
R2
52
.3
4.06
3.57
1.19 1.18
R2.15
0.10
3.25
0.11
R3
0.57 1.62
3.56
3.77
6.61
3.01
3.54
.37
R3
3.
00
2.62
1.68
0.90
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
2.92
2.97
2.54
3.79
R2.78
2.79
.12
0.50
2.89
4.42
R3.40
R2
R
0.10
R2.88
R1.7
1
1.88
2.97
1.84
4.74
5.11
2.30
1.45
0.37
3.43
0.62
0.11
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
1.75
5.28
0.10
2.58
1.37
R2.10
1.02
4.39
2.16
R
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
0.22
3.17
3.46
7
3.15
1.83
4.22
1.85
3.89
1.36
0
R2.1
4.34
4.51
2.99
R2
.8 0.48
8
4.98
3.05
1.96 1.82
5.86
1.37
3.19
5.07
0.48
3.03
2.40
2.03
2.38
0.82
R2
.10
2.85
3.45
10
R2.
1
.6
R2
6.52
1.42
3.11
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
4.37
6.08
4.08
4.53
5.43
4.35
3.76
4.51
0.43 1.09
3.42
2.91
1.62
R4.02
6
2.80
R1.8
3.34
3.01 0.18
3.19
4.95
1.88
3.68
0.46
2.02
.66
R3
R2.4
R2.28
3.02
4.42
4.39
3.52
1.13
0
.1
2.54
1.64
KEY PLAN:
0.96
R4.16
R2
1.70
3.01
6.45
R1.18
4.68
1.44
2.03
3.49
R2.66
2.19
1.09
2.06
R3.61
1.39
0.86
0.83
R1.99
1.31 1.50
3.00
5.08
2.29
R2.82
2
R2.83
R2.51
R2.42
4.07
.2
3.66
0.10
3.92
2.00
R3.49
1.92
3.54
1.07
5.78
1.14
2.05
6.12
R3
3.70
3.49
2.00
4.16
2.03 1.52
2.47
2.01 1.51
2.45
1.46
0.68
PAGE NO.:
LA4 - 04-04
1.49
0.83
4.39
2.54
R4.01
2.04
3.66
0.60
3.75
1.04
5.04
4.55
1.31 1.50
0.87
2.33
0.62
R1.1
5
2.06
0.50
1.81
2.01
3.56
4.48
0.99
R4.
93
3.43
1.11
7.83
1
1.87
3.56
4.06
1.71
3.08
2.67
R2
0.57 1.62
2
.5
R2
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
DRAWN BY:
.75
2.54
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
0.47
3.04
0
R3.2
3.
00
CHECKED BY:
R4.77
5.35
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
5.37
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
R8
.05
2.41
2.60
6.26
4.76
3.08
1.45
2.10
7.19
1.52
3.99
4.60
4.07
2.67
2.25
0.39
LA4-05-05
SUBJECT AND DATE:
SHEET CONTENTS:
0.10
0
1.1
1.98
0.72
1.54
3.71
2.55
0.47
1.01
5.47
2.40
R
6.91
4.56
2.23
2.16
3.95
0.72
2.09
3.40
6.61
3.01
3.54
2.70
3.77
R4.11
2.96
2.33
5.42
3.25
0.72
5.27
0.15
5.66
2.89
4.04
7.86
5.61
R8 2.81
.9
0
0.59
3.94
1.36
1.18
2.20
4.87
0.61
2.14
0.80
R6.30
3.63
4.53
6.78
2.64
1.46
2.45
1.50
2.00 1.50
3.05
0.25
1.47
0.46
3.45
3.01
1.06 0.76
5.69
4.13
0.64
Ø1.60
5.05
2.37
4.73
2.17
3.04
2.21
2.45
1.74
1.42
2.45
0.10
4.26
R2.10
3.10
4.38
3.88
6.00
4.74
4.86
4.54
0.96
1.15
1.95 0.88
0.35
3.36
2.80
1.53
2.47
0.77
1.67
0.61
5.27
1.96
1.75
2.00
3.14
3.95
0.35
5.62
5.14
4.07
2.93 0.45
7.70
4.30
2.85
2.50
39
R2.
1.61
2.27
3.26
1.29 R
2.10 0.64
R8.05
3.66
2.78
8.65
4.72
6.82
1.62
53
.37
2.75
R7
1.57
2.
63
3.42
2.48
0.77
3.59
4.05
4
Ø1.80 R
3.
3.45
.40
3.03
7
R2.4
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
R
0.31
1.94 1.10 1.37
R6
2.26
.10
THESIS TITLE:
.77
R3.45
.5
R4
1.11
0
0.6
0
0.100
.
0
2
3
1.
3.41
R
0.80
2.84
5.16
.16
R6.40
0
0.3
3
2.3 0
0.1
6.21
0.49
0
2.1
2.82
0.46
1.51
2.09
1.37
0.94
4.41
5.36
4.54
4.16
0.60
0.30
1.64
0
Ø5.00
0.90
1.
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
6.11
R5
3.58
4.04
8.
95
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
0.44
3.52
R2
0
0.10
4.62
3.42
0.1
2.15
3.37
0.30 1.77
60
0.1
0
R3.15
2.0
0.10
3.67
R
2.29
2
1.00
2.07
2.21
R3.49
R2
2.24
R5.8
13
1.43
R4.
3.99
0.19
0.34
5
3 .1
1.69
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
6.65
1.09
R
1.93 1.20 6.24
0
.1
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
4.07
1.73
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
3.70
2.84
1.91
3.04
2.08
10
0.
1.10
1.69
4.06
4.58
R2
3.93
5.66
1.23
0
0.1
0.68
R5.06
6
R6.4
1.78
4.53
2.89
3.12
2.97
6.17
10
0.
4.37
14
0.28
5.97
4.02
0.28
2.74
4.45
2.47
6.90
2.23
10
1.86
2.80
3.66
.
R6
0.58
.13
1.56
.14
4.47
R8
R3.04
R2.
3.04
2.98
.59
R1
R3
R5.74
4.35
1
R4.1
R3.2
7
R5
.2
7
6.61
3.54
3.12
3.40
1.63
3.12
94
25
7
R1.
R2.
R4.7
0.93 2.10
5.39
3.62
4.62
R4
.66
0.42
6.89
R2.42
2.31
8
.7
R2
7.02
2.26
KEY PLAN:
2.00
0.73
0.03
2.94
2.35
1.99
0.66
3.24
1.84
1.22
1.13
1.62
4.87
1.90
3.06
1.52 1.52
3.96
4.23
3.50
4.03
2.03
1.39
2.09
6.44
2.01 1.51 2.47 0.52
1.02
1.05
2.06 0.44
2.69
2.12
PAGE NO.:
COMMUNITY CENTER
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN B
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA4 - 05-05
2.09
R17.00
2.09
KEY PLAN:
1.86
0.62
0.15
0.62
2.02
0
0.1
0.81
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
1.96
0.15
3.80
2.00
3.80
1.96
0.15
5.21
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
5.21
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
5.98
2.50
5.98
0.1
0.50
2.68
2.68
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
0.75 0.29 0.44 2.33
0.62
0.77
0.77
3.00
4.72
3.23
0.62
DRAWN BY:
3.34
1.45
1.19
0.43
0.43
1.19
0.56
0.290.75
0.79
0
0.1
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
R2.10
1.46
1.46
0
1.51
0.
1
3.36
3.82
R2.10
5.28
2.09
SUBJECT AND DATE:
0.10
0.60
2.83
1.88
0.
10
0.66
2.15
2.53
0.46
0.10
1.80
10
0.
3.23
3.10
2.50
0.10
0.10
0.60
0.1
0
3.12
3.12
3.12
3.12
3.12
2.50
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
2.04
0.15
3.12
3.12
1.80
0.1
0
4.67
0.15
2.50
THESIS TITLE:
0
0.1
1.25
4.67
5
2.14
1.26
2.04
0.1
8.06
5
2.00
0.66
0.1
0
3.20
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
0.81
2.74
1.12
2.74
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
0.60 0.60
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
0.
10
2.00 0.60
2.84
0.10
0.1
0
2.63
3.00
3.03
PAGE NO.:
1
LA4-06-06
COMMUNITY EVENTS PLACE
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN A
SCALE
1:200 METERS
LA4 - 06-06
0.79
KEY PLAN:
3.82
0
0.1
0. 1
6.14
3.19
0.1
0
0.51
5.13
4.87
4.47
3.72
10
0.
0.79 1.38
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
0.54
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
2.20
1.03 0.98
0.50 1.97
3.24
2.86
2.91
3.16
2.34
0.6
01 0.10
.02
1.8
0.63
0.31
0.60
2.40
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
1.08 1.37 0.43
2.40
DRAWN BY:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
1.80
2.40 0.60
1.84
0
0.1
0
0.61
1.8
0
1.80
1.88
0.621.08
0.66
0.1
50
0.
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
2.49
1.71
3.56 0.58
0.58
2.45 0.10 0.50
0.77
1.70
2.00
0.1
0
1.48
0
3.82
0.38 2.00
2.12
0
0.6
2.4
0
2.81
0
10 .10
.50
1.7
0.68 1.16 2.07 0
0.1
0
0
0
2.4
0
0.1
3.56
0.6
4.34
4.
85
0.1
2.50
1.11
0
1.6
1.18
1.25
1.62
1.20
10
0.15
0.52
0.
1.64
0.
51
0
0.5
0
0.1
3.66
0.5
2.38
0.78
2.4
0.86
0.71
0.72 3.29
.01
1.6 0.1
0.1
0
0
0
1.03
01
3.86
2.69
0.64
1.19
1.43
1.34
0.13
THESIS TITLE:
1.11
3.25 0.71
2.19
2.35
0.77
0.13 1.34
2.68
3.02
1.33
0
3.84
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
0
0.78 1.26
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
0.1
1.63
4.19
0.37
1.48
1.11
1.45
R17.28
1.39
3.73
1.52
1.09
1.80
1.97
3.30
2.26
1.61
0.78
2.84
3.26
0.86
1.94
2.37
1.35
0.68
0.10
5.31
4.75
4.03
3.48
2.38
1.96
2.48
0
1.8
0.97
0.81
0.19
1.16
0.10
2.01
2.15
0.1
0
0.60 0.60
0
0.10
3.30
2.82
1.90
2.63
3.00
3.03
2.00 0.60
5.58
2.83
2.53
0.
10
1
LA4-07-07
PAGE NO.:
COMMUNITY EVENTS PLACE
STAKING BLOW UP PLAN B
SCALE
1:200 METERS
LA4 - 07-07
0
0.1
1
1.54
10
0.
2.49
3.59
2.12
3.78
4.54
4.64
4.57
0
3.0
.4
5
R2.68
3.48
1.37
2.14
1.26
99
3.23
1.96
0.67
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
DRAWN BY:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
1:200 METERS
1.69
1.30
R5
3.00
3.33
0.70
5.50
0.80
R8.6
9
4.73
.69
5.50
4.84
3.71
.91
3.10
1.10
1.46
3.46
2.24
1.72
3.46
3.97
5.07
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
SCHOOL ECO RECREATION
PARK - STAKING BLOW UP PLAN A
SCALE
3.18
2.09
2.15
0
1.1
4.50
0
1.2
3.97
0
0
3.19
2.04
2.52
3.48
2.87
2.12
3.60
0.3
0
LA4-08-08
0.50
1.20
.30
3.0
4.04
0.
4.16
R6.30
2.24
4.16
2.87
2.15
5.50
3.54
Ø5.40
2.50
3.97
4.50
3.46
1.10
1.41
3.10
5.07
3.95
3.46
1.72
4.81
1.96
0.70
2.07
R6.86
R8.69
3.66
Ø3.00
1.20
2.52
3.48
0
5.16
1.2
2.34
30
30
0.
2.03
3.30
3.27
2.50
19
3.19
THESIS TITLE:
0.33
Ø
.
16
0.90
0.50
2.16
16
.1
9
3.74
2.12
R1
3.73
2.86
0.25
0.86
Ø
4.04
3.
R3
R6
1.00
1.10
1.00
1.90
3.73
4.11
0.25
4.62
0.25
3.12
4.57
2.86
2.15
2.09
1.26
0
3.12
9
.9
R5
2.03
3.48
R3
.9
9
0.67
0.
1
4.81
3.74
2.12
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
10
00
3.27
2.13
3.0
0
3.23
1.64
0.52
0.93
0
0.1
3.
56
R
1.37
5.75
3.
0.32
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
R
2.31
1.46
0.43
2.86
3.82
99
4.16
1.43
0.43
2.86
3.82
56
0
2.15
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
4.15
3.47
R
5.
0.
1.1
R1
1.96
4.81
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
2.49
8
0.76
2.12
1.45
.
R3
0.86
10
5.75
0.
1.46
1.43
1.09
3.18
5.92
R1.45
0.10
45
R1.
2.27
4.16
.45
R3
3.98
4.01
0.10
1.20
Ø1.50
6.15
3.00
3.23
0
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
1.
30
0.1
3.50
3.97
4.91
5.96
0.79
R4
.6
0.
5
4.52
0.53 1.78
0.13
0.70
2.16
3.84
5.34
1.93
0.1
0
3.14
3.36
3.06
4.05
0.43
0.50
0.37
R0
.5
0
4.98
5.08
0
1.44
4.38
5.31
6
.5
3.50
2.56
R0
.7
5
R1
8
.66
0.59
3.43
5.06
3.98
2.57
3.28
3.98
5.13
Ø1.40
R0.20
R1
R3.56
KEY PLAN:
1.20
4.53
2.67
2.57
0.52
R1.50
1.51 1.00
0.10
3.00
0.10
0.63
0.43 1.06
1.99
4.48
0.83
Ø1.50
4.64
3.78
4.72
6.23
6.55
0.30 Ø4.60
2.76
1.62
R3.56
0.59
1.08
R0.20
2.12
1.71
0
0.1
4.53
4.54
Ø1.00
0.50
1.00
6
1.64
3.36
3.23
2.49
.5
R1
R
.68
R4
0.60
0.10
3.88
2.82
2.20
R2
1.88
.68
1.41
R4
.58 0.33
0.1
0
R1.38
8
2.6
R0
0.57 .65
1.13
0.53
3.65
0.68
3.23
3.87
2.82
2.20
1.88
1.41
0.32
.6
R4
3.00
4.98
3.00
0
0.1
4.05
3.06
0
6.59
7.37
3.59
2.40
3.05
1.40
0.10
2.46
1.93
4.69
0
0.1
0
0.1
0
1.4
0.1
3.17
1.98
2.74
1.41
4.75
0.10
.75
R0
1.09
3.79
2.12
3.29
4.15
3.46
0.10
0.10
2.03
1.60
1.30
5.10
75
R0.
PAGE NO.:
LA4 - 08-08
9
5.50
4.00
5.37
0.50
1.50
2.00
1.20
2.00
3.73
4.00
2.50
2.50
1.75
2.50
0.10
2.50
0.10
2.50
3.90
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
0.10
0.10
3.90
3.11
0.10
0.10
3.11
4.00
0.10
4.00
KEY PLAN:
R5.
6
4.00
R
3.15
2.
00
3.60
0.91
3.11
1.50
3.11
0.3
3.90
1.75
2.50
4.50
4.00
0
3.73
0.91
1.50
.69
0.50
00
R5
3.14
R6.30
5.50
.
R2
4.00
0.3
0
1.50
3.90
0.50
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
4.00
Ø3.47
Ø3.47
2.00
Ø1.09
0.10
0.10
Ø3.47
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
2.00
3.90
3.90
60
6.
0
0.1
0
R
THESIS TITLE:
0.10
2.50
2.50
4.00
0.50
4.00
4.00
4.00
7.21
7.21
4.04
3.74
1.65
4.10
0.82 1.61
1.78
3.71
2.06
0.11
0.11
1.72
0.92
1.57
2.25
0
2.62
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
6.54
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
1
3.72
STAKING PLAN - BLOW UP
0.99
1.14
1.58
0.21
1.77
0.79
0.1
0
0
6.07
0.1
0
SHEET CONTENTS:
1.0
2.71
2.70
3.17
0
R0.6
1.54
1.30
LA4-09-09
3.15
0.
10
1.
30
2.69
4.72
6.06
1.50
2.00
2.74
0.10
4.44
2.48
1.06
0.64
0
.6
2.77
DRAWN BY:
1.03
R0
2.13
0
3.51
5.50
5.24
0.1
0
0
2.71
2.3
0.10
0.1
0
2.3
5.24
3.63
0.1
0
0
2.3
1.3
0
1.56
0
3.97
2.24
3.23
1.78
1.00
1.30
R0.75
5.15
0.10
0.10
0.10
3.15
R0.85
4.47
0.10
4.65
1.30
0.10
2.59
0.1
1.67
2.59
0.1
7.55
LA421/423D
MAY 04, 2023
0
2.50
.85
R0
1.3
3.50
0
2
0.62
SUBJECT AND DATE:
0.1
R4
.9
0.10
4.00
0.53
92
0
.
R4
0.1
0.1
0
0
.0
0
.0
R2
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
0.10
4.50
2.50
2.39
2.49
R2
4.00
1.50
4.00
2.39
1.50
0
.6
3.22
0.50
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
4.00
3.22
R6
0.50
0.1
2.39
3.22
4.00
3.22
0.10
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
PAGE NO.:
SCHOOL ECO RECREATION
PARK - STAKING BLOW UP PLAN B
SCALE
1:200 METERS
LA4 - 09-09
KEY PLAN:
S13
S9
S11
S3
S4
S9
S13
S4
S3
2784
152
842
210
667
155
1769
1395
249
LEGENDS:
S4
1056
PLANT CODE
QUANTITY PER AREA/
PIECES
S4
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
1056
GENERAL NOTES:
S8
701
S4
S12
352
294
1.
S4
S3
1735
94
S11
2225
S8
185
S9
S9
30
ALL THE SURROUNDING
FOREST AREAS ARE IN THE
SCOPE OF AGROFORESTY
AND HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED
IN THE FLOW CHART AND IN
THE RECOMMENDATIONS.
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
65
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
S3
352
S8
65
S8
S13
2320
S9
68
S13
25
2552
S3
65
THESIS TITLE:
S4
629
S3
S8
S12
61
158
132
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
S4
214
S4
S4
S13
S3
S9
S11
S3
2388
1772
3335
701
319
108
507
S4
S13
S11
S9
S4
S13
2413
7163
1068
468
1961
2262
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
SHRUBS PLANTING PLAN
1
LA5-01-01
SCALE
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
1:1,000 METERS
CHECKED BY:
PLANT
CODE
PLANT LIST
PLANT LIST
GROUND COVERS
SHRUBS
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
PLANT
CODE
GC2
Mimosa pudica
MAKAHIYA
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
1,333
PCS.
GC5
Schizostachyum
lumampao
BUHO
515
PCS.
SYMBOL
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
S3
Canna generalis
CANNA
700-800 MM.HT.
600 MM.O.C.
2174
PCS.
S4
Cosmos sulphureus
YELLOW COSMOS
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
14,368
PCS.
S8
Lantana camara
COMMON
LANTANA
700-800 MM.HT.
600 MM.O.C.
1112
PCS.
S9
Schefflera arboricola
SCHEFFLERA
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
1189
PCS.
S11
Tagetes patula
FRENCH
MARIGOLD
300 MM.O.C.
4226
PCS.
S12
Tradescantia
spathacea
BOAT LILY
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
426
PCS.
S13
Wedelia acapulcensis
ACAPULCO
WEDELIA
19401
PCS.
SYMBOL
RESERVOIR SHRUB PLANTING PLAN
PAGE NO.:
400-500 MM.HT.
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
LA5-01-01
MS4
S2
1864
3486
S2
MS5
MS1
820
276
212
GC1
MS5
GC4
134
145
GC4
112
S1
GC4
27
S2
1761
43
112
1546
22
S2
GC4
S7
S5
S5
26
S1
25
37
271
S7
S2
272
S6
21
24
S7
S10
46
MS5
MS4
21
272
1756
S7
274
78
S6
S6
41
26
23
S7
S1
S10
25
S10
27
S1
35
S6
S5
17
61
S2
487
S2
42
27
MS2
MS2
832
396
35
S6
S5
GC6
S1
S7
GC4
127
231
S2
1246
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
MS3
245
MS1
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
156
S1
38
MS1
MS3
83
236
263
MS5
MS2
35989
S2
262
MS5
1189
247
736
GC3
S10
763
MS2
MS1
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
MS4
193
178
2691
251
34
GC4
MS3
MS5
S7
261
86
301
GC4
S7
1203
S2
MS1
S7
67
33
S5
1568
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
78
24
S1
256
221
MS5
S1
22
GC1
13
560
5133
14
24
53
51
MS1
GC6
S10
S5
S2
42
S6
S10
S2
19
1145
182
35
6302
S10
MS5
GC6
GC4
S7
MS5
S7
25
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
596
MS2
475
S5
3671
493
MS3
S5
19
S10
29
S7
GC4
378
S5
25
36
MS4
1430
MS3
43
S1
264
S10
593
496
S2
435
MS2
MS1
S2
21
S5
43
51
GC6
36
S6
47
33
S10
78
184
S2
S1
41
33
271
S10
MS1
609
MS1
S2
96
MS2
GC6
S7
S10
173
GC6
378
GC4
18908
178
GC4
789
317
175
S1
MS5
S2
35
1378
212
THESIS TITLE:
GC4
278
S7
98
S2
GC1
212
291
S2
S10
261
61
S1
S6
S10
37
71
GC4
531
MS1
458
85
SHRUBS PLANTING PLAN
1
LA5-02-02
PLANT
CODE
SYMBOL
GC1
SCALE
KEY PLAN:
1:600 METERS
PLANT LIST
MEDICINAL PLANT LIST
GROUND COVERS
SHRUBS
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
PLANT
CODE
Arachis pintoi
PINTO PEANUT
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
18,908
PCS.
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
35,989
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LEGENDS:
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
MS1
Allium cepa
ONION
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
4146
PCS.
PCS.
MS2
Allium sativum
GARLIC
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
4387
PCS.
SYMBOL
S4
1056
PLANT CODE
QUANTITY PER AREA/
PIECES
GENERAL NOTES:
GC3
Paspalum conjugatum CARABAO GRASS
GC4
Portulaca umbraticola
COMMON
PURSLANE
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
854
PCS.
MS3
Coleus Blumei
MAYANA
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
1893
PCS.
GC6
Zoysia matrella
MANILA GRASS
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
43,123
PCS.
MS4
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
ROSELLE
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
2066
PCS.
MS5
Zingiber officinale
GINGER
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
4513
PCS.
SHRUBS
PLANT
CODE
SYMBOL
QUANTITY
UNIT
256
PCS.
300 MM.O.C.
7,334
PCS.
800-900 MM.HT.
700 MM.O.C.
320
PCS.
800-900 MM.HT.
700 MM.O.C.
311
PCS.
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
267
PCS.
479
PCS.
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
S1
Althernunthera
brasiliana
BLOODLEAF
S2
Asystasia intrusa
CHINESE VIOLET
400-500 MM.HT.
S5
Dracaena fragrans
DRAGON PLANT
S6
Eupatorium
capillifolium
DOG FENNEL
S7
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
GUMAMELA
S10
Sida rhombifolia
ESCOBA
SPACING
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
700-800 MM.HT.
600 MM.O.C.
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
1.
ALL THE SURROUNDING
FOREST AREAS ARE IN THE
SCOPE OF AGROFORESTY
AND HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED
IN THE FLOW CHART AND IN
THE RECOMMENDATIONS.
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMUNITY PARK SHRUBS PLANTING
PLAN
PAGE NO.:
LA5-02-02
KEY PLAN:
LEGENDS:
S2
EV4
126
261
S4
1056
S2
EV10
208
261
PLANT CODE
QUANTITY PER AREA/
PIECES
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
GENERAL NOTES:
EV3
1.
261
EV9
261
EV5
261
EV2
261
EC2
261
ALL THE SURROUNDING
FOREST AREAS ARE IN THE
SCOPE OF AGROFORESTY
AND HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED
IN THE FLOW CHART AND IN
THE RECOMMENDATIONS.
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
EV6
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
261
THESIS TITLE:
EC3
S2
261
206
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
EV7
261
EC1
261
S2
301
MS4
261
S2
176
SUBJECT AND DATE:
1
LA5-03-03
SHRUBS PLANTING PLAN
SCALE
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
1:150 METERS
DRAWN BY:
POTENTIAL EDIBLE PLANT LIST
VINES
PLANT
CODE
CHECKED BY:
ROOT CROPS
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
PLANT
CODE
EV2
Cucurbita maxima
KALABASA
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV3
Dioscorea alata
UBE
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
EV4
Ipomoea purpurea
MORNING GLORY
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
SYMBOL
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
POTENTIAL EDIBLE PLANT LIST
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
EC1
Brassica rapa
PECHAY
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
PCS.
EC2
Colocasia esculenta
GABI
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
PCS.
MS4
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
ROSELLE
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
Manihot esculenta
KAMOTENG
KAHOY
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV5
Lagenaria siceraria
UPO
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV6
Luffa acutangular
PATOLA
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
SYMBOL
EC3
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
RESIDENTIAL AREA SHRUB PLANTING PLAN
SHRUBS
EV7
Momordica charantia
AMPALAYA
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
PLANT
CODE
EV9
Sechium edule
CHAYOTE
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
S2
EV10
Vigna unguiculata
SITAW
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
SYMBOL
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
Asystasia intrusa
CHINESE VIOLET
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
1018
PCS.
PAGE NO.:
LA5-03-03
KEY PLAN:
T5
T2
T4
T1
GENERAL NOTES:
1.
T11
T10
T8
S4
ALL THE SURROUNDING
FOREST AREAS ARE IN THE
SCOPE OF AGROFORESTY
AND HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED
IN THE FLOW CHART AND IN
THE RECOMMENDATIONS.
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
T5
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
T11
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
T6
T2
T1
T10
T6
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
T5
T8
T2
T11
THESIS TITLE:
T6
T8
T4
T1
T4
T5
T2
T10
T2
T11
T8
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
TREE PLANTING PLAN
1
LA5-04-04
SCALE
1:1,000 METERS
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
STREES
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
T1
Alstonia scholaris
DITA
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
T2
Casuarina equisetifolia
AGOHO
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
7
PCS.
T4
Dracontomelon dao
DAO
8000/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
T5
Ficus Benjamina
BALETE
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
9
PCS.
T6
Gmelina arborea
GMELINA
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
T8
Pterocarpus indicus
NARRA
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
T10
Shorea polysperma
TANGUILE
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
7
PCS.
T11
Terminalia catappa
TALISAY
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
10
PCS.
SHEET CONTENTS:
RESERVOIR TREE PLANTING PLAN
PAGE NO.:
LA5-04-04
MT4
MT2
MT2
T7
P1
T9
T3
T3
T9
T7
T7
T3
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
MT3
P2
MT1
P1
T9
P1
P1
P1
T9
P1
P2
MT2
MT1
P2
P2
MT3
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
P2
T9
P1
P2
T9
T7
T7
T9
MT4
T7
T12
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P1
T3
T9
T7
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
MT4
T12
T3
P2
P2
T9
P1
P1
P1
P2
P1
P1
MT2
MT4
P1
P1
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
MT4
P1
THESIS TITLE:
MT1
T3
P1
T3
P2
T7
T9
T7
T9
P2
P2
T3
P1
T3
T3
MT4
P1
T3
T7
T3
P2
P1
T9
T3
MT3
T7
1
KEY PLAN:
TREE PLANTING PLAN
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
1:600 METERS
LA5-05-05
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
PLANT CODE
T3
T7
T9
BOTANICAL NAME
Chrysophyllum cainito
Nephelium
lappaceum
Sandoricum koetjape
PLANT LIST
MEDICINAL PLANT LIST
STREES
TREES
COMMON NAME
CAIMITO
RAMBUTAN
SANTOL
SIZE
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACING
SPACED AS
SHOWN
SPACED AS
SHOWN
QUANTITY
13
13
UNIT
PCS.
PCS.
PLANT CODE
MT1
MT2
MT3
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
12
Spondias purpurea
SINEGUELAS
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
5
Carica papaya
Leucaena glauca
Persea americana
Psidium guajava
1.
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
PAPAYA
6000/100-150 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
6
PCS.
IPIL-IPIL
6000MM./100-150
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
AVOCADO
6500MM./150-200
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
3
PCS.
BAYABAS
6000/100-150 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
10
PCS.
PCS.
MT4
T12
BOTANICAL NAME
GENERAL NOTES:
ALL THE SURROUNDING
FOREST AREAS ARE IN THE
SCOPE OF AGROFORESTY
AND HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED
IN THE FLOW CHART AND IN
THE RECOMMENDATIONS.
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMUNITY PARK TREE PLANTING PLAN
PCS.
PLANT LIST
PALMS
PLANT CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
P1
Cocos nucifera
COCONUT
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
35
PCS.
P2
Corypha elata
BURI
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
26
PCS.
PAGE NO.:
LA5-05-05
KEY PLAN:
ET4
GENERAL NOTES:
ET2
ET3
1.
ET4
ET4
ET1
ALL THE SURROUNDING
FOREST AREAS ARE IN THE
SCOPE OF AGROFORESTY
AND HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED
IN THE FLOW CHART AND IN
THE RECOMMENDATIONS.
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
ET2
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
ET4
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
ET3
ET4
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
ET4
ET1
ET2
SUBJECT AND DATE:
ET3
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
1
LA5-06-06
TREE PLANTING PLAN
SCALE
1:150 METERS
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
TREES
PLANT CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
ET1
Anacardium
occidentale
ET2
Artocarpus
heterophyllus
ET3
Mangifera indica
ET4
Musa paradisiaca Linn.
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
KASOY
2500-3000/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
2
PCS.
LANGKA
2500-3000/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
5
PCS.
MANGO
2000-2500/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
6
PCS.
BANANA
1500-2000/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
16
PCS.
RESIDENTIAL AREA TREE PLANTING PLAN
PAGE NO.:
LA5-06-06
POTENTIAL EDIBLE PLANT LIST
VINES
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
EV1
Basella alba
ALUGBATI
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV2
Cucurbita maxima
KALABASA
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV3
Dioscorea alata
UBE
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
SYMBOL
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
EV1
EV4
Ipomoea purpurea
MORNING GLORY
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV5
Lagenaria siceraria
UPO
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV6
Luffa acutangular
PATOLA
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV7
Momordica charantia
AMPALAYA
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV8
Phaseolus lunatus
PATANI
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV9
Sechium edule
CHAYOTE
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EV10
Vigna unguiculata
SITAW
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
Basella alba
ALUGBATI
Cucurbita maxima
EV2
KALABASA
Ipomoea purpurea
Dioscorea alata
EV3
UBE
EV4
MORNING GLORY
EV5
Lagenaria siceraria
UPO
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
EV6
Luffa acutangular
PATOLA
EV7
Momordica charantia
AMPALAYA
Phaseolus lunatus
EV8
PATANI
EV9
Sechium edule
CHAYOTE
EV10
Vigna unguiculata
SITAW
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
POTENTIAL EDIBLE PLANT LIST
ROOT CROPS
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
EC1
Brassica rapa
PECHAY
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EC2
Colocasia esculenta
GABI
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
MS4
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
ROSELLE
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
SYMBOL
SUBJECT AND DATE:
EC1
EC3
Manihot esculenta
KAMOTENG
KAHOY
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
EC4
Zea mays
CORN
150-200 MM.HT.
150 MM.O.C.
310
PCS.
THESIS TITLE:
Brassica rapa
PECHAY
EC2
Colocasia esculenta
GABI
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
MS4
ROSELLE
EC3
Manihot esculenta
KAMOTENG KAHOY
Zea mays
EC4
CORN
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
POTENTIAL EDIBLE PLANT LIST
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
TREES
SHEET CONTENTS:
PLANT CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
ET1
Anacardium
occidentale
KASOY
2500-3000/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
2
PCS.
ET2
Artocarpus heterophyllus
LANGKA
2500-3000/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
5
PCS.
ET3
Mangifera indica
MANGO
2000-2500/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
6
PCS.
1500-2000/50 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
16
ET4
Musa paradisiaca Linn.
BANANA
CONSOLIDATED PLANT LIST
ET1
PCS.
Anacardium occidentale
KASOY
Artocarpus heterophyllus
ET2
LANGKA
ET3
Mangifera indica
MANGO
ET4
Musa paradisiaca Linn.
BANANA
PAGE NO.:
LA5-07-07
PLANT LIST
GROUND COVERS
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
GC1
Arachis pintoi
PINTO PEANUT
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
18,908
PCS.
GC2
Mimosa pudica
MAKAHIYA
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
1,333
PCS.
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
35,989
PCS.
SYMBOL
Paspalum conjugatum CARABAO GRASS
GC3
Arachis pintoi
GC1
GC4
Portulaca umbraticola
COMMON
PURSLANE
GC5
Schizostachyum
lumampao
BUHO
GC6
Zoysia matrella
MANILA GRASS
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
854
PCS.
1200-1500 MM.HT. 200 MM.O.C.
515
PCS.
43,123
PCS.
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
PINTO PEANUT
Mimosa pudica
GC2
MAKAHIYA
Paspalum conjugatum
GC3
CARABAO GRASS
Portulaca umbraticola
GC4
COMMON PURSLANE
Schizostachyum lumampao
GC5
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
BUHO
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
Zoysia matrella
GC6
MANILA GRASS
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
PLANT LIST
PALMS
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
P1
Cocos nucifera
COCONUT
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
35
PCS.
P2
Corypha elata
BURI
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
26
PCS.
P1
Corypha elata
Cocos nucifera
COCONUT
P2
BURI
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
MEDICINAL PLANT LIST
TREES
PLANT CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
MT1
Carica papaya
PAPAYA
6000/100-150 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
6
PCS.
MT2
Leucaena glauca
IPIL-IPIL
6000MM./100-150
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
MT3
Persea americana
AVOCADO
6500MM./150-200
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
3
PCS.
BAYABAS
6000/100-150 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
Psidium guajava
MT4
SPACED AS
SHOWN
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
MT1
10
PCS.
Carica papaya
PAPAYA
Leucaena glauca
MT2
IPIL-IPIL
MT3
Persea americana
AVOCADO
MT1
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
Psidium guajava
BAYABAS
SHEET CONTENTS:
CONSOLIDATED PLANT LIST
SHRUBS
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
MS1
Allium cepa
ONION
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
4146
PCS.
MS2
Allium sativum
GARLIC
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
4387
PCS.
MS3
Coleus Blumei
MAYANA
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
1893
PCS.
MS4
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
ROSELLE
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
2066
PCS.
SYMBOL
MS1
MS5
Zingiber officinale
GINGER
200-300 MM.HT.
200 MM.O.C.
4513
PCS.
Allium cepa
ONION
Allium sativum
MS2
GARLIC
Coleus Blumei
MS3
MAYANA
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
MS4
ROSELLE
Zingiber officinale
MS5
PAGE NO.:
GINGER
LA5-08-08
PLANT LIST
TREES
PLANT
CODE
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
SPACING
QUANTITY
UNIT
T1
Alstonia scholaris
DITA
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
T2
Casuarina equisetifolia
AGOHO
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
7
PCS.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
13
PCS.
T1
Alstonia scholaris
DITA
T2
Casuarina equisetifolia
AGOHO
T3
Chrysophyllum cainito
CAIMITO
Dracontomelon dao
T4
DAO
T5
Ficus Benjamina
BALETE
T3
Chrysophyllum cainito
CAIMITO
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
T4
Dracontomelon dao
DAO
8000/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
T5
Ficus Benjamina
BALETE
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
9
PCS.
T6
Pinus insularis
BENGUET PINE
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
T7
Nephelium
lappaceum
RAMBUTAN
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
13
PCS.
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
T8
Pterocarpus indicus
NARRA
7500/250-300 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
8
PCS.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
12
PCS.
T6
T9
Sandoricum koetjape
SANTOL
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
T10
Shorea polysperma
TANGUILE
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
7
PCS.
T11
Terminalia catappa
TALISAY
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
10
PCS.
SINEGUELAS
7000/200-250 MM.
TOTAL HT./TR. CAL.
SPACED AS
SHOWN
T12
T12
Spondias purpurea
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
Pinus insularis
BENGUET PINE
T7
Nephelium lappaceum
RAMBUTAN
T8
Pterocarpus indicus
Sandoricum koetjape
T9
NARRA
SANTOL
Shorea polysperma
T10
TANGUILE
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
PCS.
T11
Terminalia catappa
TALISAY
T12
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
Spondias purpurea
SINEGUELAS
PLANT LIST
SHRUBS
PLANT
CODE
SUBJECT AND DATE:
SYMBOL
BOTANICAL NAME
COMMON NAME
SIZE
S1
Althernunthera
brasiliana
BLOODLEAF
S2
Asystasia intrusa
CHINESE VIOLET
400-500 MM.HT.
S3
Canna generalis
CANNA
700-800 MM.HT.
QUANTITY
UNIT
256
PCS.
300 MM.O.C.
7,334
PCS.
600 MM.O.C.
2,174
PCS.
SPACING
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
S4
Cosmos sulphureus
YELLOW COSMOS
400-500 MM.HT.
300 MM.O.C.
14,368
PCS.
S5
Dracaena fragrans
DRAGON PLANT
800-900 MM.HT.
700 MM.O.C.
320
PCS.
S6
Eupatorium
capillifolium
DOG FENNEL
800-900 MM.HT.
700 MM.O.C.
311
PCS.
S7
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
GUMAMELA
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
267
PCS.
S8
Lantana camara
COMMON
LANTANA
1112
PCS.
700-800 MM.HT.
600 MM.O.C.
LA421/423D
May 4, 2023
S1
Althernunthera brasilianaonia
BLOODLEAF
S2
Asystasia intrusa
CHINESE VIOLET
S3
Canna generalis
CANNA
Cosmos sulphureus
S4
YELLOW COSMOS
S5
Dracaena fragrans
DRAGON PLANT
DRAWN BY:
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
CONSOLIDATED PLANT LIST
S9
Schefflera arboricola
SCHEFFLERA
S10
Sida rhombifolia
ESCOBA
S11
Tagetes patula
FRENCH
MARIGOLD
S12
Tradescantia
spathacea
BOAT LILY
400-500 MM.HT.
S13
Wedelia acapulcensis
ACAPULCO
WEDELIA
200-300 MM.HT.
1,189
PCS.
479
PCS.
4,226
PCS.
300 MM.O.C.
3,273
PCS.
200 MM.O.C.
19401
PCS.
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
700-800 MM.HT.
600 MM.O.C.
1200-1500 MM.HT. 1000 MM.O.C.
S6
Eupatorium capillifolium
DOG FENNEL
S7
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
GUMAMELA
Lantana camara
S8
COMMON LANTANA
S9
Schefflera arboricola
SCHEFFLERA
S10
Sida rhombifolia
ESCOBA
PAGE NO.:
Tagetes patula
S11
FRENCH MARIGOLD
S12
Tradescantia spathacea
BOAT LILY
S13
Wedelia acapulcensis
ACAPULCO WEDELIA
LA5-09-06
P.17
KEY PLAN:
M.01
M.01
P.16
M.08
P.16
M.09
P.16
M.06
P.17
M.14
P.04
P.04
P.01
P.06
M.07
P.02
P.17
P.04
MATERIAL LEGENDS:
M.05
P.06
P.17
P.01
M.02
M.03
P.17
P.04
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
M.04
P.02
P.02
P.17
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
P.04
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P.02
P.03
P.17
P.06
P.16
P.04
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
P.04
P.16
P.06
P.04
M.01
THESIS TITLE:
P.01
M.01
P.17
P.02
M.01
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
P.04
P.16
P.17
M.02
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
P.02
M.03
P.02
SUBJECT AND DATE:
M.04
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
M.05
P.03
P.02
M.01
DRAWN BY:
M.01
M.06
P.17
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
M.07
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
P.17
SHEET CONTENTS:
M.08
M.01
P.03
P.01
P.17
HARDSCAPE PLAN - BLOW UP
P.02
P.02
M.09
P.01
P.17
P.02
PAGE NO.:
M.14
1
LA6-01-01
RESIDENTIAL AREA HARDSCAPE PLAN
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA6-01-01
KEY PLAN:
MATERIAL LEGENDS:
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
P.02
P.16
P.12
P.17
P.17
P.03
P.16
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P.06
P.16
P.16
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
P.03
P.12
P.03
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
P.16
P.16
M.11
P.02
THESIS TITLE:
P.06
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
P.06
P.17
P.06
P.16
P.17
P.16
P.17
P.06
P.17
P.06
M.11
M.11
P.17
P.17
P.06
P.16
M.11
P.06
P.06
M.11
SUBJECT AND DATE:
P.17
P.16
M.11
P.17
P.17
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
M.11
M.11
P.06
P.06
DRAWN BY:
M.11
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
P.17
P.17
M.11
CHECKED BY:
P.06
P.06
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
P.17
P.17
HARDSCAPE PLAN - BLOW UP
M.11
P.06
P.06
P.17
P.17
M.11
1
LA6-02-02
AMPHITHEATER HARDSCAPE PLAN
SCALE
PAGE NO.:
1:300 METERS
LA6-02-02
P.16
KEY PLAN:
P.16
M.01
M.01
P.16
M.01
P.17
P.18
P.02
P.17
P.17
P.17
MATERIAL LEGENDS:
P.17
P.17
P.02
P.16
P.15
P.03
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
P.03
MATERIAL LEGENDS
P.01
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
P.16
P.16
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P.03
P.02
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
P.03
P.17
P.06
THESIS TITLE:
P.17
M.01
P.15
P.16
P.16
P.18
P.16
P.17
M.01
P.03
P.02
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
M.02
SUBJECT AND DATE:
M.12
M.03
P.16
P.17
M.07
P.17
M.02
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
P.17
M.03
P.06
M.04
M.04
P.16
DRAWN BY:
P.03
P.16
P.15
M.01
M.05
M.14
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
P.17
P.06
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
M.07
P.17
SHEET CONTENTS:
M.14
P.02
P.17
M.12
P.15
HARDSCAPE PLAN - BLOW UP
P.17
P.06
P.06
P.01
P.17
P.03
P.17
P.17
P.18
P.02
PAGE NO.:
M.14
1
LA6-03-03
CHURCH HARDSCAPE PLAN
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA6-03-03
M.01
KEY PLAN:
P.16
P.16
M.01
P.03
P.03
P.16
P.07
P.16
P.07
P.08
P.17
P.17
M.09
MATERIAL LEGENDS:
P.01
P.17
M.09
P.17
P.17
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
M.10
P.19
P.17
P.02
P.17
P.17
P.10
P.02
P.09
P.16
P.19
M.09
M.10
M.09
P.07
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
P.17
P.03
P.17
P.19
P.17
P.19
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P.10
P.07
P.06
P.16
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
P.07
P.17
M.02
M.01
M.03
P.17
P.07
P.14
P.17
P.08
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
M.01
M.04
M.07
P.17
THESIS TITLE:
P.17
P.08
M.01
P.07
P.13
P.10
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
P.07
P.13
P.13
P.11
P.12
P.07
P.02
M.07
P.13
P.02
P.12
P.07
SUBJECT AND DATE:
M.07
P.06
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
P.19
P.16
P.17
M.07
P.17
M.07
P.16
M.01
P.16
P.14
P.06
DRAWN BY:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
CHECKED BY:
P.06
M.02
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
M.01
M.01
M.03
M.07
M.07
SHEET CONTENTS:
HARDSCAPE PLAN - BLOW UP
M.04
P.03
P.03
M.05
P.06
P.17
P.17
PAGE NO.:
M.07
1
LA6-04-04
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK HARDSCAPE PLAN
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA6-04-04
M.01
KEY PLAN:
P.16
P.04
M.01
P.17
P.17
MATERIAL LEGENDS:
P.17
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
P.01
P.02
P.02
M.01
P.02
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P.04
M.04
P.02
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
P.02
P.09
P.17
P.02
M.03
M.04
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
P.02
P.05
P.02
P.16
P.02
M.01
THESIS TITLE:
P.02
P.02
P.02
M.01
P.02
P.02
M.03
M.01
M.03
P.05
M.01
P.02
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
M.04
SUBJECT AND DATE:
P.17
M.01
P.02
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
P.17
DRAWN BY:
M.01
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
P.05
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
M.01
P.17
SHEET CONTENTS:
HARDSCAPE PLAN - BLOW UP 6
P.02
P.17
P.17
P.01
P.02
1
LA6-05-05
TRANSPORT TERMINAL HARDSCAPE PLAN
SCALE
PAGE NO.:
1:300 METERS
LA6-05-05
KEY PLAN:
M.02
P.17
P.02
M.03
P.17
M.04
MATERIAL LEGENDS:
P.01
M.01
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
P.17
P.02
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
M.01
P.02
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
P.03
P.17
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
P.04
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
P.17
P.02
M.05
P.16
P.02
P.17
P.02
M.01
P.15
P.17
M.07
THESIS TITLE:
M.04
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITYAND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
P.03
M.01
P.17
P.03
M.03
P.15
M.02
M.01
M.03
P.17
M.01
M.02
P.16
P.17
P.04
M.03
P.15
P.17
M.02
P.03
SUBJECT AND DATE:
P.03
M.04
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
P.15
P.17
M.05
P.02
DRAWN BY:
P.02
M.07
P.02
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
M.04
M.01
CHECKED BY:
P.17
P.17
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
P.17
SHEET CONTENTS:
P.02
HARDSCAPE PLAN - BLOW UP
P.01
P.17
M.01
P.17
P.02
P.17
1
LA6-06-06
COMMUNITY MARKET HARDSCAPE PLAN
SCALE
PAGE NO.:
1:300 METERS
LA6-06-06
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
211 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
212 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
213 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
214 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
215 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
216 | P a g e
KEY PLAN:
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PA
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
WP
PD
FD
FD
PD
PD
WP
PD
PA
FD
WP
PD
WP
PA
PD
PD
PD
PA
PD
WP
FD
L
PA
PA
PD
FD
PD
PD
AT
PD
PA
PA
PD
PD
PA
PD
PD
WP
WP
FD
FD
FD
PD
FD
L
FD
PA
FD
PD
FD
PD
PA
WP
PA
PD
1.
2.
3.
4.
PD
FD
PA
PD
PD
WP
PD
PD
L
WP
FD
PD
AT
ARTIFICIAL TURF
L
LAWN
L
WP
PA
G
GRAVEL
FLOOR DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PLANTING DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PERFORATED PIPES SPACED AT EVERY 9m
WATERPOINT SPACED AT EVERY 30m
PD
GRAPHIC SCALE:
WP
PD
1
PD
FD
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
PD
PD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
PLANTING AREA
GENERAL NOTES:
PD
PA
PD
FD
PD
PD
L
AT
L
PD
PD
PD
PA
FD
PD
PD
FD
WP
WP
PD
FD
PD
PD
PA
FD
PD
PA
PD
PD
PD
FD
PD
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
FD
PD
FD
PLANTER DRAIN - EVERY 9m
PD
FD
FD
PD
FLOOR DRAIN - EVERY 9m
PERFORATED PIPES EVERY 9m
PD
WP
PD
FD
FD
WP
PA
PD
PD
PA
L
FD
PD
PA
(QUICK COUPLER VALVE)
PD
PA
PD
PD
WATERPOINT LOCATION - EVERY 30m
PA
PD
FD
PD
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
SLOPE TO DRAIN
FD
FD
L
PD
FD
FD
PD
LEGENDS:
PD
WP
PA
PA
FD
FD
PD
PD
FD
PA
FD
FD
PD
FD
FD
PD
PA
PD
WP
PD
PD
PA
FD
L
PD
FD
PD
PD
PD
PA
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
PA
PD
FD
L
PD
WP
PD
WP
L
PD
PD
PD
FD
FD
L
PD
L
0
PD
PD
FD
L
5
2
10 METERS
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
PD
L
PD
PD
PD
SUBJECT AND DATE:
PA
PD
PD
PD
WP
PD
PA
PA
PD
PD
PD
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
PA
WP
WP
PD
PD
PD
PD
PA
PD
PA
FD
PD
PD
PD
FD
DRAWN BY:
PD
PD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
PD
PA
PD
PD
CHECKED BY:
PD
PD
G
PA
FD
PD
PD
PD
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
PD
PA
WP
G
PD
SHEET CONTENTS:
WP
PD
PD
PD
FD
COMMUNITY CENTER WATERPOINT AND
DRAINAGE PLAN
PD
PD
PA
PD
PA
PD
WP
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
PA
PD
PD
PA
PD
L
PA
PD
WP
PD
PD
WP
PD
L
PD
PD
PD
1
LA7-01-01
PD
PAGE NO.:
PD
COMMUNITY CENTER
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA7-01-01
FD
PD
KEY PLAN:
FD
PD
FD
PA
PD
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
FD
FD
PD
PD
PA
FD
PD
FD
PA
FD
WP
PD
PA
FD
PD
FD
WP
PA
PD
FD
PA
FD
PD
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
FD
PD
PD
PA
FD
PD
PD
PA
LEGENDS:
PA
PD
PA
PD
PD
FD
PA
AT
AT
PD
PD
FD
FD
PA
FD
WATERPOINT LOCATION - EVERY 30m
PD
PD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
PD
FD
FD
FD
PA
FD
PD
PD
PA
FD
PA
PA
FD
PA
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
WP
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
PD
PD
FD
PD
FD
PLANTER DRAIN - EVERY 9m
AT
ARTIFICIAL TURF
L
LAWN
G
GRAVEL
FLOOR DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PLANTING DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PERFORATED PIPES SPACED AT EVERY 9m
WATERPOINT SPACED AT EVERY 30m
1
PD
0
FD
FD
PD
WP
PD
2
10 METERS
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
PD
FD
FD
WP
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
FD
PA
FD
PD
FD
PD
PD
5
PD
PD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
THESIS TITLE:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
PD
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
PLANTING AREA
FD
FD
FD
FD
1.
2.
3.
4.
PD
FD
PD
FLOOR DRAIN - EVERY 9m
GENERAL NOTES:
PD
PD
(QUICK COUPLER VALVE)
PERFORATED PIPES EVERY 9m
PD
PD
FD
WP
PD
FD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PA
PA
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
SLOPE TO DRAIN
WP
AT
FD
FD
PA
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
PD
PA
FD
PD
DRAWN BY:
PA
PD
PD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
PD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
PD
PD
CHECKED BY:
PD
FD
FD
FD
SHEET CONTENTS:
FD
PD
PD
PA
PA
FD
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
WP
WP
PD
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
PD
FD
PD
PA
FD
FD
PD
PD
FD
PA
PD
FD
FD
PD
FD
PD
PD
FD
FD
PD
PD
FD
PD
1
LA7-02-02
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
SCALE
1:300 METERS
PAGE NO.:
LA7-02-02
PD
KEY PLAN:
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
WP
PD
PD
PD
PD
FD
PD
PD
FD
FD
PD
PD
PD
PD
FD
FD
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
PD
WP
PA
PD
WP
PD
PD
PA
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
PD
PD
LEGENDS:
PD
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
FD WP
FD
FD
FD
WATERPOINT LOCATION - EVERY 30m
FD
FD
PD
FD
FD
FD
WP
PD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
PD
FD
FD
L
L
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
L
FD
FD
FD
FD
PD
1.
2.
3.
4.
FD
FD
FD
L
L
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
PA
PA
PA
PLANTING AREA
L
LAWN
FLOOR DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PLANTING DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PERFORATED PIPES SPACED AT EVERY 9m
WATERPOINT SPACED AT EVERY 30m
PD
1
FD
FD
0
FD WP
FD
WP
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
WP
FD
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
PA
FD
FD
PA
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
FD
WP
PLANTER DRAIN - EVERY 9m
GENERAL NOTES:
WP
FD
L
FD
FD
FLOOR DRAIN - EVERY 9m
PERFORATED PIPES EVERY 9m
FD
WP
(QUICK COUPLER VALVE)
FD
FD
L
FD
FD
PD
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
PD
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
SLOPE TO DRAIN
FD
5
2
10 METERS
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
PA
PA
FD
WP
FD
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
PA
WP
SUBJECT AND DATE:
DRAWN BY:
FD
PA
WP
FD
WP
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
WP
FD
FD
CHECKED BY:
FD
FD
FD
FD
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
FD
FD
FD
FD
SHEET CONTENTS:
PD
FD
PA
FD
PA
WP
PA
PA
PD
WP
FD
FD
FD
WP
FD
FD
PD
FD
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
FD
WP
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
1
LA7-03-03
FD
PAGE NO.:
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA7-03-03
KEY PLAN:
PD
PD
PD
PD
FD
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
PD
PD
PD
FD
FD
PD
LEGENDS:
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
SLOPE TO DRAIN
PD
WP
PA
PD
PA
WATERPOINT LOCATION - EVERY 30m
WP
WP
(QUICK COUPLER VALVE)
FLOOR DRAIN - EVERY 9m
FD
PA
PD
PD
PLANTER DRAIN - EVERY 9m
PD
FD
FD
PLANTING AREA
PA
PA
L
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
LAWN
PD
PD
FD
GENERAL NOTES:
PA
PD
PA
FD
PD
PD
1.
2.
3.
4.
FLOOR DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PLANTING DRAINS SPACED AT EVERY 9m
PERFORATED PIPES SPACED AT EVERY 9m
WATERPOINT SPACED AT EVERY 30m
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
FD
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
FD
FD
FD
FD
0
PD
PD
PA
PA
5
FD
PA
PD
2
10 METERS
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
FD
PD
PD
SUBJECT AND DATE:
PA
PA
FD
FD
PA
PD
PD
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
PA
WP
WP
PD
PD
DRAWN BY:
PA
PD
FD
CHECKED BY:
PD
PD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
FD
PD
FD
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
PD
PD
PD
PD
PD
PAGE NO.:
PD
1
LA7-04-04
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK
WATERPOINT AND DRAINAGE PLAN
SCALE
1:200 METERS
LA7-04-04
KEY PLAN:
SL
SL
SL
SL
SL
SL
SL
SL
SL
PA
SL
PA
SL
L
SL
LP
L
L
PA
BL
LP
BL
BL
PA
PA
BR
LP
BR
BR
BL
WCO
BR
BR
WCO
L
BL
LP
BR
PA
BR
BR
BL
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
BR
PA
BR
PA
BR
PA
SL
WCO
BR
L
LP
BL
LP
BL
WCO
SL
AT
BL
BL
PA
LP
WCO
LP
PA
BL
LP
PA
SL
SL
BL
PA
L
BR
1.
2.
3.
4.
L
BR
BR
LP
SL
SL
L
PA
BR
L
BR
PA
PLANTING AREA
T
ARTIFICIAL TURF
L
LAWN
G
GRAVEL
GENERAL NOTES:
BR
BR
L
70-W SOLAR POWERED LAMP
POST,WHITE COLOR
PA
PA
L
BL
SL
PA
BL
BL
BR
BR
PA
BL
LP
30-W SOLAR POWERED LAMP
POST, WARM WHITE COLOR
BL
LP
BL
BR
BRACKET LIGHT PL LAMP 29-W,
WARM WHITE COLOR
LP
PA
BR
LP
SOLAR POWERED BOLLARD LIGHT,
30-W LED WARM WHITE COLOR
BL
BL
PA
BL
PA
AT
BL
PA
BL BR
PA
WCO
BL
PA
AT
BR
LP
L
BL
BL
BL
PA
L
BL
PA
WCO
BL
BL
BL
L
WEATHER PROOF DUPLEX
CONVENIENCE OUTLET
PA
BL
LP
LP
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
PA
BL
PA
PA
PA
PA
BL
BL
PA
LP
LEGENDS:
LP
PA
BL
SL
L
PA
PA
L
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
LP
PA
L
LP
PA
LP
SL
SL
BOLLARDS SPACED AT EVERY 6m
BRACKET LIGHTS AT EVERY TRELLIS POST
LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 14m
STREET LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 20m
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
PA
LP
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
SUBJECT AND DATE:
5
SL
SL
0
BR
LP
PA
PA
SL
SL
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
PA
BR
BL
BL
BR
BR
DRAWN BY:
BR
BL
BR
10 METERS
BR
BR
BR
PA
2
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
BL
LP
SL
G
BL
BR
SL
BR
BL
LP
BR
SL
PA
BR
BR
BR
BR
BL
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
G
BL
CHECKED BY:
SL
SL
BR
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMUNITY CENTER LIGHTING PLAN
BR
SL
BR
LP
LP
PA
SL
BR
SL
BR
PA
PA
BR
L
BR
BR
LP
L
PAGE NO.:
SL
1
LA8-01-01
COMMUNITY CENTER LIGHTING PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA8-01-01
KEY PLAN:
UL
UL
PA
WCO
UL
UL
PA
L
LP
UL
LP
UL
PA
UL
PA
UL
UL
BL
BL
PA
WCO
L
BL
BL
PA
BL
AT
PA
PA
WCO
PA
BL
BL
BL
UL
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
UL
BL
PA
WCO
BL
WCO
LEGENDS:
UL
BL
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
BL
WCO
WCO
BL
PA
BL
BL
AT
WEATHER PROOF DUPLEX
CONVENIENCE OUTLET
PA
WCO
PA
AT
WCO
UL
BL
BL
BL
BL
LP
PA
WCO
LP
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
WCO
BL
UL
UPLIGHT WITH EARTH SPIKE
120-W, WARM WHITE COLOR
BR
BRACKET LIGHT PL LAMP 29-W,
WARM WHITE COLOR
LP
30-W SOLAR POWERED LAMP
POST, WARM WHITE COLOR
FP
50-W SOLAR POWERED FLOOD
LIGHT, WHITE COLOR
PA
PA
BR
UL
BR
WCO
SOLAR POWERED BOLLARD
LIGHT, 30-W LED WHITE COLOR
PA
WCO
BR
PA
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
G
PA
LP
BR
UL
BR
BR
WCO
WCO
LP
BR
LP
LP
BR
BR
UL
PA
PLANTING AREA
T
ARTIFICIAL TURF
L
LAWN
G
GRAVEL
GENERAL NOTES:
WCO
FP
FP
FP
WCO
WCO
WCO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
FP
UL
WCO
UL
BOLLARDS SPACED AT EVERY 6-8m
BRACKET LIGHTS AT EVERY TRELLIS POST
LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 15m
UPLIGHT AT EVERY TREE
FLOOD LIGHT FACING BASKETBALL COURT
1
PA
5
PA
PA
0
UL
PA
UL
UL
PA
2
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
GRAPHIC SCALE:
WCO
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
10 METERS
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
L
UL
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
WCO
WCO
FP
WCO
FP
FP
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK LIGHTING PLAN
WCO
FP
UL
UL
WCO
UL
PA
UL
PA
UL
L
WCO
UL
L
UL
PA
1
LA8-02-02
L
UL
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK LIGHTING PLAN
SCALE
1:300 METERS
PAGE NO.:
LA8-02-02
KEY PLAN:
SL
SL
SL
SL
LP
WCO
SL
SL
LP
LP
SL
SL
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
PA
PA
LP
LP
LP
LP
WCO
SL
WCO
LEGENDS:
WCO
WCO
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
WEATHER PROOF DUPLEX
CONVENIENCE OUTLET
WCO
SL
LP
BL
BL
LP
LP
BL
BL
WCO
BL
WCO
L
WCO
BL
BL
LP
WCO
BL
BL
BL
WCO
BL
PA
L
LP
BR
BR
BR
BR
BL
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BL
WCO
BR
BL
BR
BR
WCO
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
PA
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
PA
BR
BR
LP
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
PA
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BOLLARDS SPACED AT EVERY 6m
BRACKET LIGHTS AT EVERY OTHER TRELLIS POST
STEPLIGHT AT EVERY OTHER STEP
STREET LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 20m
LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 15m
BR
1
0
BR
BR
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
BR
BR
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
5
2
10 METERS
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
BR
BR
PA
DRAWN BY:
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
LP
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
ARTIFICIAL TURF
LAWN
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
BR
WCO
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
PA
T
L
PA
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
WCO
BR
BR
PLANTING AREA
GENERAL NOTES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
BR
PA
BR
BR
WCO
BR
PA
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
LP
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
PA
BR
BR
BR
BR
LP
BR
BR
BR
LP
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
SL
BR
BR
BR
70-W SOLAR POWERED LAMP
POST,WHITE COLOR
PA
PA
BR
BR
SL
WCO
BR
PA
BR
BR
30-W SOLAR POWERED LAMP
POST, WARM WHITE COLOR
WCO
BR
BR
BR
BR
BR
LP
BR
BR
BL
BL
LP
BR
BL
BL
PA
BR
WCO
BR
BR
BL
L
BL
BL
BR
LP
BL
BL
BL
WCO
BL
BL
BL
L
WCO
PA
BR
BRACKET LIGHT PL LAMP 29-W,
WARM WHITE COLOR
SL
WCO
L
BL
BR
WCO
BL
BL
WCO
WCO
BL
WCO
BL
BL
L
WCO
BR
L
BL
BL
PA
BL
BL
BL
UL
UPLIGHT WITH EARTH SPIKE
120-W, WARM WHITE COLOR
BL
BL
SOLAR POWER BOLLARD LIGHT,
30-W LED WARM WHITE COLOR
PA
BR
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
BR
BR
BR
BR
WCO
BR
CHECKED BY:
BR
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
BR
LP
BR
LP
BR
PA
BR
WCO
WCO
UL
BR
SHEET CONTENTS:
UL
BR
BR
PA
WCO
UL
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE LIGHTING
PLAN
UL
BR
BR
LP
LP
WCO
LP
LP
WCO
PAGE NO.:
LP
1
LA10-03-03
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE LIGHTING PLAN
SCALE
1:600 METERS
LA8-03-03
KEY PLAN:
LP
PA
PA
LP
LP
WCO
WCO
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
L
L
LP
BR
BR
LP
LEGENDS:
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
WEATHER PROOF DUPLEX
CONVENIENCE OUTLET
WCO
PA
BR
BR
PA
LP
UNDERWATER RECESSED WALL LIGHT
LOW VOLTAGE HALOGEN, 12V 200-W
UWL
BR
BRACKET LIGHT PL LAMP 29-W,
WARM WHITE COLOR
LP
30-W SOLAR POWERED LAMP
POST, WARM WHITE COLOR
LP
WCO
L
L
BR
WCO
BR
L
L
L
L
PLANTING AREA
PA
LP
UWL
BR
L
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
UWL
BR
UWL
BR
BR
UWL
BR
WCO
BR
BR
WCO
THESIS TITLE:
BOLLARDS SPACED AT EVERY 6m
BRACKET LIGHTS AT EVERY OTHER TRELLIS POST
STEPLIGHT AT EVERY OTHER STEP
STREET LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 20m
LAMP POST SPACED AT EVERY 15m
GRAPHIC SCALE:
BR
1
BR
5
L
L
0
2
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
10 METERS
L
L
SUBJECT AND DATE:
L
BR
PA
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
LAWN
GENERAL NOTES:
BR
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111594
BR
BR
WCO
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
BR
LP
LP
WCO
PA
WCO
BR
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
BR
L
L
DRAWN BY:
BR
LP
BR
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
L
CHECKED BY:
LP
L. ARCH. BARI C. PANOPIO
SHEET CONTENTS:
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK LIGHTING PLAN
WCO
LP
LP
WCO
PA
LP
1
LA8-04-04
LP
PA
LP
PAGE NO.:
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK LIGHTING PLAN
SCALE
1:200 METERS
LA8-04-04
KEY PLAN:
LEGENDS:
WL - WATER LEVEL
BOP - BOTTOM OF POND
FFL - FINISH FLOOR LINE
C'
D'
E'
F'
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
A'
B'
RETENTION POND 03
VEGETATION
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
SWALE
(OVERFLOW DRAIN)
VEGETATION
RETENTION POND 02
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
MATCH LINE 1
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
ELEV +270m
ELEV +267.5m
THESIS TITLE:
ELEV +265m
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
ELEV +262.5m
CONCRETE SLAB
ON LEDGE
BOARDWALK
ELEV +260m
WL. +259.6
CONCRETE SLAB
ON LEDGE
FFL. +258.6
SLO
PE
FFL. +257.75
FFL. +257.6
ELEV +257.5m
2:6
WL. +257.1
.33
) (33
:6 (m
ELEV +255m
BOP. +254.1
%)
(m)
(33.3
3%)
BOP. +256.6
FFL. +256.1
PE 2
SLO
ELEV +252.5m
1
LA9-01-01
RETENTION POND
SECTION ELEVATION THRU A'-B'
SCALE
SUBJECT AND DATE:
1:300 METERS
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
RETENTION POND 02
VEGETATION
MATCH LINE 1
DRAWN BY:
MATCH LINE 2
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
ELEV +270m
CHECKED BY:
ELEV +267.5m
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
ELEV +265m
SHEET CONTENTS:
RETENTION POND SECTION ELEVATION
ELEV +262.5m
CONCRETE SLAB
ON LEDGE
ELEV +260m
WL. +259.6
FFL. +258.6
)
.33%
:6 (m
ELEV +257.5m
E2
LOP
) (33
S
BOP. +256.6
ELEV +255m
PAGE NO.:
ELEV +252.5m
2
LA9-01-01
RETENTION POND
SECTION ELEVATION THRU A'-B'
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA9-01-01
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
KEY PLAN:
LEGENDS:
WL - WATER LEVEL
BOP - BOTTOM OF POND
FFL - FINISH FLOOR LINE
C'
D'
E'
F'
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
A'
B'
VEGETATION
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
RETENTION POND 01
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
MATCH LINE 2
ELEV +270m
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
ELEV +267.5m
VIEWING DECK
THESIS TITLE:
ELEV +265m
CONCRETE SLAB
ON LEDGE
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
WL. +262.1
FFL. +261.1
SLO
PE
ELEV +260m
FFL. +262.75
FFL. +262.6
ELEV +262.5m
2:6
(m)
(33.3
3%)
BOP. +259.1
ELEV +257.5m
ELEV +255m
ELEV +252.5m
1
LA9-02-02
RETENTION POND
SECTION ELEVATION THRU A'-B'
SCALE
SUBJECT AND DATE:
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1:300 METERS
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
RETENTION POND SECTION ELEVATION
PAGE NO.:
LA9-02-02
KEY PLAN:
LEGENDS:
WL - WATER LEVEL
TOB - TOB OF BENCH
TOW - TOP OF WALL
FFL - FINISH FLOOR LINE
C'
D'
E'
F'
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
A'
B'
VEGETATION
WALKWAY
WALKWAY
STAGE
LAWN
WALKWAY
AMPHITHEATER SEATING AREA
STAIRS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
SEATING AREA
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
MATCH LINE 1
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
ELEV +255m
ELEV +252.5m
THESIS TITLE:
ELEV +250m
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
TOB. +247.9
FFL. +247.5
ELEV +247.5m
150mm
TOW. +254.5
TOB. +244.95
ELEV +245m
TOB. +244.1
150mm
TOB. +243.3
FFL. +242.9
ELEV +242.5m
TOB. +245.4
FFL. +245
FFL. +244.15
FFL. +243.35
FFL. +242.5
FFL. +242.3
FFL. +242.3
ELEV +240m
1
LA9-03-03
AMPHITHEATER
SECTION ELEVATION THRU C'-D'
SCALE
SUBJECT AND DATE:
1:300 METERS
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
SEATING AREA
STAIRS
SEATING AREA
SEATING AREA
STAIRS
WALKWAY
STAIRS
EVENT'S PLACE
VEGETATION
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
MATCH LINE 1
ELEV +262.5m
CHECKED BY:
ACCENT TREE FEATURE
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
ELEV +260m
TOW. +258.75
SHEET CONTENTS:
TOW. +258.15
ELEV +257.5m
AMPHITHEATER SECTION ELEVATION
TOB. +255.4
FFL. +255
ELEV +255m
FFL. +255.55
TOB. +255.8
FFL. +255.4
FFL. +255.4
FFL. +255.55
FFL. +255.4
150mm
TOB. +252.9
FFL. +252.5
ELEV +252.5m
150mm
ELEV +250m
TOB. +250.4
FFL. +250
150mm
ELEV +247.5m
2
LA9-03-03
PAGE NO.:
AMPHITHEATER
SECTION ELEVATION THRU C'-D'
SCALE
1:300 METERS
LA9-03-03
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
KEY PLAN:
LEGENDS:
WL - WATER LEVEL
BOP - BOTTOM OF POND
FFL - FINISH FLOOR LINE
TOB - TOB OF BENCH
TOZ - TOB OF ZOCALO
WALL
TC - TOB OF CURB
C'
D'
E'
F'
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
A'
B'
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
RESIDENTIAL LAND/LOT
MAIN ROAD
RESIDENTIAL LAND/LOT
WALKWAY
SECONDARY ROAD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
MATCH LINE 1
ELEV +267.5m
THESIS TITLE:
ELEV +265m
TOZ. +262.9
FFL. +262.65
FFL. +262.65
ELEV +262.5m
FFL. +260.15
TOZ. +260.4
FFL. +260.1
TC. +260.1
TOZ. +260.4
FFL. +260.32
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
TOZ. +260.54
ROAD SLOPE 0.5%
ELEV +260m
ELEV +257.5m
1
RESIDENTIAL AREA
SECTION ELEVATION THRU E'-F'
LA9-04-04
SCALE
1:300 METERS
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
RENEWABLE ENERGY PARK
RESIDENTIAL LAND/LOT
SECONDARY ROAD
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
MATCH LINE 1
MATCH LINE 2
CHECKED BY:
ELEV +267.5m
WATER FEATURE
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
ELEV +265m
TOB. +263.05
FFL. +262.65
ELEV +262.5m
TOB. +263.05
TOB. +263.25
FFL. +262.85
TOB. +263.05
TOB. +263.05
TOB. +263.05
FFL. +262.65
WL. +262.55
TC. +262.65 FFL. +262.6
SHEET CONTENTS:
TOZ. +262.9
RESIDENTIAL AREA SECTION ELEVATION
BOP. +261.96
ELEV +260m
ELEV +257.5m
2
LA9-04-04
RESIDENTIAL AREA
SECTION ELEVATION THRU E'-F'
SCALE
1:300 METERS
PAGE NO.:
LA9-04-04
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
KEY PLAN:
LEGENDS:
TOZ - TOP OF ZOCALO
TC - TOP OF CURB
FFL - FINISH FLOOR LINE
C'
D'
E'
F'
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
A'
B'
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
RESIDENTIAL LAND/LOT
RESIDENTIAL LAND/LOT
WALKWAY
MAIN ROAD
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
MATCH LINE 2
ELEV +267.5m
THESIS TITLE:
ELEV +265m
TOZ. +264.15
FFL. +262.65
FFL. +264.9
TC. +263.9
FFL. +263.9
TOZ. +262.9
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
ELEV +262.5m
ELEV +260m
ELEV +257.5m
1
LA9-05-05
RESIDENTIAL AREA
SECTION ELEVATION THRU E'-F'
SCALE
1:300 METERS
GRAPHIC SCALE:
1
0
5
2
10 METERS
SUBJECT AND DATE:
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
RESIDENTIAL AREA SECTION ELEVATION
PAGE NO.:
LA9-05-05
KEY PLAN:
KEY BLOW-UP PLAN:
1,500mm
1
150mm THK. R.C. SLAB ON LEDGE
(TO ENGR'S DETAIL)
01 - 01
3mm THK. GEOTEXTILE MEMBRANE
3mm THK. HDPE POND LINER
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
10mm THK. R.C. FOOTING (TO
ENGR'S DETAIL)
150mm
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
2
01 - 01
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
WATER LEVEL
2"x6" HARDWOOD RAIL CAP
THESIS TITLE:
1,000mm
3,000mm
SLO
PE 2
:6 (m
) (33
.33%
)
4"x4" HARDWOOD POST
300mm THK.
COMPACTED SUB-BASE
850mm TYP.
UNDISTURBED SOIL
1
LA10-01-01
RESERVOIR SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
2"x6" COMPOSITE WOOD
DECKING
1:100 METERS
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
3" STAINLESS STEEL WOOD SCREW
1
4"
THK. ANGULAR BAR RAILING
SUPPORT
2.0000
3" STAINLESS STEEL SCREW
2"x6" HARDWOOD
RAIL CAP
150mm TYP.
5mm TYP.
1
4" THK. ANGULAR BAR WOOD
BEARER SUPPORT
2"x6" HARDWOOD FLOOR JOINT
SPACED @725mm M.O.C.
2"x6" COMPOSITE
WOOD DECKING
850mm TYP.
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
12mm STAINLESS STEEL POST TIE
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
PROVIDE GAP TO AVOID DECAY
4"x4" HARDWOOD
POST
CHECKED BY:
362.5mm TYP
2"x6" COMPOSITE
WOOD DECKING
362.5mm M.O.C.
250x250mm THK. REINFORED
CONCRETE FOOTING (TO ENGR'S
DETAIL)
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
RESERVOIR CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
BOARDWALK CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
250x250mm THK. REINFORED
CONCRETE FOOTING (TO ENGR'S
DETAIL)
775mm
UNDISTURBED SOIL
200mm COMPACTED SUB-BASE
PAGE NO.:
200mm
3
LA10-01-01
TYP. WOOD DECK BLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:10 METERS
2
LA10-01-01
BOARDWALK SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
1:30 METERS
LA10-01-01
KEY PLAN:
KEY BLOW-UP PLAN:
100mm THK. CONCRETE PAVING
BOND
150mm THK. PLANTING MEDIUM
SOD PLUGS
3" STAINLESS STEEL WOOD SCREW
25mm THK. SAND BEDDING
200mm COMPACTED SUB-BASE
UNDISTURBED SOIL
2
01 - 01
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
3
01 - 01
1
01 - 01
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
1
LA10-02-02
GRASS BLOCK SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
1:20 METERS
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
150mm THK.
150mm THK. REINFORCED CONCRETE
WATER LEVEL = +600mm
25mm THK. MORTAR SKIMCOATING
THESIS TITLE:
WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
700mm
R=100mm
15mm THK. REINFORCED
CONCRETE
200mm THK.
COMPACTED SUB-BASE
2
LA10-02-02
SUBJECT AND DATE:
WATER FEATURE SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
1:20 METERS
2"x6" COMPOSITE WOOD DECKING
3" STAINLESS STEEL SCREW
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
2"x6" HARDWOOD JOIST
150mm TYP.
1
4"
THK. ANGULAR BAR RAILING
SUPPORT
PROVIDE GAP TO AVOID DECAY
5mm TYP.
2"x6" COMPOSITE
WOOD DECKING
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
150mm THK. R.C. SLAB
CHECKED BY:
200mm THK. SUB-BASE
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
WATER FEATURE CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
DECK CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
PAVING 01 CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
250x250mm THK. REINFORED
CONCRETE FOOTING (TO ENGR'S
DETAIL)
UNDISTURBED SOIL
200mm COMPACTED SUB-BASE
PAGE NO.:
4
LA10-02-02
TYP. WOOD DECK BLOW-UP PLAN
SCALE
1:10 METERS
3
LA10-02-02
WOOD DECK SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
1:20 METERS
LA10-02-02
KEY PLAN:
KEY BLOW-UP PLAN:
3
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
01 - 01
1&2
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
01 - 01
900mm
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
6mm THK. CLEAR
POLYCARBONATE ROOFING
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
1"x2" STAINLESS TUBULAR
STEEL SPACER
CONNECTOR PROFILE LID
AND BASE
100mm
400mm
50mm
2"x4" STAINLESS TUBULAR
STEEL RAFTER
THESIS TITLE:
1"X4" HARDWOOD BENCH
TOP
50mm
4"x6" STAINLESS TUBULAR
STEEL BEAM
1" STAINLESS TEK SCREW
1"X1" TUBULAR STEEL SPACER
1
4"
THK. ANGULAR BAR TRELLIS
POST AND BEAM SUPPORT
1,800mm
10mm VERTICAL
REINFORCEMENT BAR
WELDED TRELLIS STEEL POST
AND BEAM
3" STAINLESS SCREW
400mm
2 LAYERS OF 100mm THK CHB
2 LAYERS OF 100mm THK CHB
MORTAR SKIMCOATING
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
4"x4" STAINLESS TUBULAR POST
SUBJECT AND DATE:
200mm
100mm THK. CONCRETE
FOOTING
3" STAINLESS STEEL SCREW
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
100mm THK. COMPACTED
SUB-BASE
DRAWN BY:
600mm
200mm THK. R.C. POST
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
2
LA10-03-03
BENCH SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
CHECKED BY:
1:10 METERS
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
300mm
SHEET CONTENTS:
200mm
200mm THK. R.C. FOOTING
100mm THK. CONCRETE
PAVING BOND
TRELLIS CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
50mm THK. FLAGSTONE
BENCH CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
50mm TYP.
PAVING 02 CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
100mm
200mm THK. COMPACTED
SUB-BASE
50mm THK. MORTAR
BEDDING
200mm THK. COMPACTED
SUB-BASE
200mm
UNDISTURBED SOIL
500mm
UNDISTURBED SOIL
PAGE NO.:
1
LA10-03-03
TRELLIS SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
1:20 METERS
3
LA10-03-03
FLAGSTONE PAVING SECTION DETAIL
SCALE
1:20 METERS
LA10-03-03
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
1
MAIN WALKWAY PERSPECTIVE
LA11-01-01
NOT
TO
SCALE
2
LA11-01-01
SECONDARY WALKWAY PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
3
LA11-01-01
MONUMENT PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
PLAY AREA PERSPECTIVE
4
LA11-01-01
NOT
TO
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
SCALE
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMUNITY SCHOOL PARK PERSPECTIVE
PAGE NO.:
5
LA11-01-01
BASKETBALL COURT PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
6
LA11-01-01
SITTING AREA PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
LA11-01-01
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
CHURCH ENTRANCE PERSPECTIVE
1
LA11-02-02
NOT
TO
SCALE
PRAYER GARDEN PERSPECTIVE
2
LA11-02-02
NOT
TO
SCALE
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
3
LA11-02-02
SITTING AREA PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SECONDARY ROAD PERSPECTIVE
4
SCALE
LA11-02-02
NOT
TO
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
SCALE
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMUNITY CHURCH PERSPECTIVE
SOLAR ENERGY PARK PERSPECTIVE
PAGE NO.:
5
LA11-01-01
SOLAR ENERGY PARK PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
6
LA11-01-01
WATER FEATURE PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
LA11-02-02
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
RETENTION POND 01 PERSPECTIVE
1
LA11-03-03
NOT
TO
SCALE
RETENTION POND 02 PERSPECTIVE
1
LA11-03-03
NOT
TO
SCALE
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
3
LA11-03-03
BOARDWALK PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
VIEW DECK PERSPECTIVE
4
LA11-03-03
NOT
TO
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
SCALE
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
RESERVOIR PERSPECTIVE
COMMUNITY PARK PERSPECTIVE
PAGE NO.:
5
LA11-03-03
SITTING AREA PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
6
LA11-03-03
SITTING AREA PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
LA11-03-03
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
AND FINE ARTS
NAME AND STUDENT NO.:
CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E.
2019111951
1
LA11-04-04
NOT
TO
OPEN LAWN PERSPECTIVE
2
PLAY AREA PERSPECTIVE
LA11-04-04
SCALE
NOT
TO
SCALE
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.
2019111564
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
2019117424
THESIS TITLE:
A SUSTAINABLE AETA
COMMUNITY:
REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD
GATHERING CULTURE IN
THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES
THROUGH ACCELERATING
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
SUBJECT AND DATE:
AMPHITHEATER SITTING AREA PERSPECTIVE
3
LA11-04-04
NOT
TO
SCALE
STAIRS GOING TO
EVENT'S PLACE PERSPECTIVE
4
LA11-04-04
NOT
TO
LA421/423D
MAY 4, 2023
SCALE
DRAWN BY:
EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL DG.
CHECKED BY:
L. ARCH. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
SHEET CONTENTS:
COMMUNITY PARK PERSPECTIVE
COMMUNITY EVENT'S PLACE PERSPECTIVE
PAGE NO.:
5
LA11-04-04
WALKWAY W/ BENCH PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
6
LA11-04-04
ACCENT TREE PERSPECTIVE
NOT
TO
SCALE
LA11-04-04
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
CHAPTER SEVEN
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
238 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
I.
CONCLUSION
Indigenous people are recognized as a living treasure in Philippine history because they
were the country's first known immigrants and persisted in retaining their indigenous
knowledge up to their current generations. However, they continue to be displaced from their
natural habitats and have never returned, owing to natural disturbances that have destroyed
their homes. This produces a cultural disaster (especially in their food gathering tradition),
which damages the lives of these indigenous people and results in a significant loss of
Philippine environment.
The researchers decided to conduct their study in Barangay Villar in Botolan, Zambales. It
is one of the barangays in the Aetas' ancestral territory, and it is located near Mount Pinatubo,
making it the most impacted location when the volcano erupted in 1991. This became the root
of the Aetas' relocation and difficulties, as they remain in resettlement zones after more
than three decades. However, there is an apparent first phase of ecological succession occurring
on the ancestral domain, giving the researchers an opportunity to use this as a solution to the
long-term problem of the Aetas and the area itself.
Accelerating the ecological succession that is already taking place on the ancestral territory
of Botolan, Zambales, is the researchers' preferred solution to regenerating biodiversity and
reclaiming the Aetas food gathering culture. The researchers then investigated various
strategies and approaches that would be suitable for the site's condition while remaining based
on Bill Mollison's four objectives (using what is already growing, introducing plants that will
easily thrive, artificially raising organic levels, and substituting own herb, pioneer, and climax
species) and permaculture design principles that will help hasten the duration of the ecological
succession.
The researchers conducted face-to-face interviews with both Aeta locals and professionals
in the field of agriculture, environment and ecology, which analyzed the Aeta's customary
usage of natural resources and contributed credibility to the methodology and plans made by
the researchers. The discussion with Aetas provided the researchers with information about the
area's native and existing plant and animal species, as well as the area's past and present
conditions. They also expressed their thoughts and ideas on establishing a new Aeta community
in the area once the study was completed. While the specialists interviewed recommended
239 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
contour farming, seed production, multi-cropping, and agroforestry. The researchers also dug
into archive studies connected to the site and its challenges, as well as actual executed projects
from national departments that are similar to the researchers' study, ensuring the outcome of
the research if it were implemented. The researchers also requested a soil laboratory test on
BSWM for the soil samples they collected, and the results show that the soil in the area is
deficient in potassium and organic matter, which may be addressed with fertilizers and
agricultural techniques.
After gathering all of the data needed for the study, a flowchart of accelerating succession
in Botolan, Zambales, was created, which the researchers followed step by step as they
proposed the implementation of agroforestry and community planning in the area (Brgy. Villar,
Botolan, Zambales), as well as incorporating all of the strategies suggested for accelerating
succession for the Aetas who will be returning to their ancestral homes once the study is
completed. The success of the study, once it is implemented was assumed to be after 15 years
but a thriving climax community will be fully developed after 25 years. The researchers' new
Aeta village will continue to be a protected nature reserve as it aims to avoid human
disturbances from non-Aeta inhabitants who will visit and have ambitions for the land. The
village that was specifically designed to address Aeta's needs, was proposed to sustain future
Aeta generations as well as the area's ecology with the help of its inhabitants. This improves
the Aetas' quality of life, regenerates their food gathering culture, which also enriches
Philippine culture, and restores biodiversity not only in the municipality but also in the country,
as the site contains a large area of forest zones and is one of the country's protected places due
to its proximity to Mt. Pinatubo.
II.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Apart from their chosen solution for the study area's long-term problem, the researchers
believe that there are other reforestation strategies that can be applied to the study area, as
ecology and landscape architecture offer a lot of new strategies that could also innovate the one
that they proposed. One of the panelists recommended the use of rain forestation as an approach
for accelerating the ecological succession in the study area instead of agroforestry as it is said
to be more suitable for the area’s condition. The panelists also recommended the usage of other
forms in the translation of the design as the radial form is too intrusive for the site.
240 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
The Philippine Permaculture Association is now implementing a project in Botolan,
Zambales that tackles some of the issues raised in this study. The researchers believed that
because they had more sources, technologies, and the ability to conduct actual tests and other
implementation processes, they could further study the accuracy of the strategies the
researchers incorporated and continue to properly calculate and use structural and nonstructural measures on the site. As they have opened this research case to the national
departments, the researchers would also like to propose to the municipal, provincial, and
national governments to address the problem and take actual action. In addition, they must
officially designate the study area as a protected wildlife reserve.
241 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
BIBLIOGRAPHY
242 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Mollison, B. and Slay, R.M. (1991). Permaculture Design Principles. Introduction to
Permaculture. 2nd Edition. https://treeyopermacultureedu.wpcomstaging.com/chapter-23-or-the-11-design-principles-from-the-intro-book/accelerating-succession-andevolution/
Chang, C. and Turner, B. (2019). Ecological succession in a changing world. Journey of
Ecology.
Volume107,
Issue2.
https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1365-2745.13132
Deep Green Permaculture. (2009). Permaculture Design Principle 8 – Accelerating Succession
and Evolution. https://deepgreenpermaculture.com/permaculture/permaculture-designprinciples/8-accelerating-succession-andevolution/#:~:text=Accelerating%20Forest%20Succession,At%20this%20point&text=huge%20amount%20of%20energy%20in,natural%20proces
s%20of%20forest%20succession
How volcanic eruption impacts biodiversity - The Haribon Foundation. (2020). The Haribon
Foundation. https://haribon.org.ph/how-volcanic-eruption-impacts-biodiversity/
Marler, T. and Moral, R. (2011). Primary succession along an Elevation Gradient 15 Years
after the Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Luzon, Philippines. University of Hawai‘i Press.
https://faculty.washington.edu/moral/publications/2011%20Marler%20&%20delMoral
%20PacSci.pdf
Lacsamana, J., Mercado, R., and Pineda, G. (1999). Socioeconomic Impacts of the Mount
Pinatubo Eruption. National Economic and Development Authority, Region III, San
Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/mercado/
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Rostański, K. (2008). Plant succession as a tool in landscape design. Ekologia Bratislava.
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Branch, O., Gaznayee, H., Huebner, L., and Al-quraishi, A. (2021). New approaches: Use of
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extinct-pinatubo-volcano-mouse
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School of Living Tradition (SLT) Program. Philippine EJournals. Preservation of
Indigenous Culture of Bataan Through an Ayta Magbukon School of Living Tradition
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& Bacteria, Their Importance. EOS Data Analytics. https://eos.com/blog/nitrogenfixation/
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Philippines: Basis For A Proposed Sustainability Plan. Gordon College, Olongapo City,
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Department of Sociology and Center for Integrative and Development Studies:
University of the Philippines. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/cbautist/
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on Hunting Practices among the Ayta Sambal. Lyceum of the Philippines.
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content/uploads/2021/LGU_BOTOLAN_CITIZEN'S_CHARTER.pdf
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Horton, L. (2005). Intervention in Succession: A Method for Applying Succession Theory in
Landscape Design with a Focus on Vegetation Succession in Western Washington.
Washington State University: Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture.
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Management Approaches and Technologies. Department of Agriculture: Bureau of
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Eruptions: Resilience of the Non-legume Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Parasponia rigida.
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APPENDICES
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Face-to-face Interview Raw Answers (Aetas):
Aetas from Barangay Burgos, Botolan, Zambales
Aetas from Barangay Moraza, Botolan, Zambales
Aetas from Barangay Belbel, Botolan, Zambales
Aetas from Barangay Villar, Botolan, Zambales
DATE
October 25, 2022
BARANGAY
BURGOS
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Roger Hilario
Age
54
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
Pastor
(1) Based on your observation, how did Malaking perwisyo yan kasi lahat ng tao
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo doon s eastern ay talagang binaba sila dahil
eruption affect the biodiversity in yan ay punong puno ng buhangin, usok, at
Botolan, Zambales?
tubig.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Karamihan ay may alagang mga kalabaw,
the species that you have commonly kambing, baka, manok, at baboy.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Mga baboy ramo, wild chicken, tilapia, igat,
or fished by the Aeta people before hipon, at hito.
the eruption?
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Katulad ng mga kamote, kamoteng bagging,
the Aeta people gathered before the kamoteng kahoy, at gabi. Marami din,
eruption?
karamihan na nandon mga gulay.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Yung buhay naman sa eastern dati, pang
community before Mt. Pinatubo karaniwan lang. Yung noon, medyo maayos
erupted?
pa eh. Kumbaga sa ngayon kung wala sana
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
pag putok ng pinatubo yung mga tao don
meron na sanang kakayahan. Iba kasi yung
noon sa ngayon mas malaki yung epekto ng
pagputok ng pinatubo sa ngayon. Mas
maganda sana noon.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Sa amin lang ang ginagawa lang namin
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? noon, nag sasaka lang.
Do you still do it now?
(7) How do you gather food before the Halimbawa, yung na itanim mo, mag aani ka
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it at
now?
ibebenta.
Doon
na
sustain
ang
pangangailangan sa araw araw.
(8) How was your situation and your Naiwan ako doon, pinauna ko yung asawa ko
community when the Mt. Pinatubo na buntis dahil binabantayan ko pa yung
erupted?
bahay namin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa barangay namin po, walang naman
were forcibly evacuated from their namatay. At least, yung gobyerno namin
lands; since you are a survivor of the very alert sila, pinaalis kagad kami. Kasama
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, din ako nung pina evacuate kami. Meron din
what is your perspective on the others naman nag stay. Ilang barangay kasi ang
that stayed to protect their homes?
meron sa eastern, ang hindi lang masyado na
naapektuhan ng pag putok ng bulkan ay yung
burgos. Kasi ang Burgos pataas siya kaya
hindi siya na daanan masyado.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Ang nag tutulak talaga samin para bumalik
abandon their small villages after the don ay yung dati pa din namin ginagawa,
eruption. What drives you back to yung nag tatanim. Karamihan kasi samin lalo
your land even after the eruption na sa mga aeta walang trabaho yun ang nag
damages it?
tutulak kaya bumabalik kami doon. Yung iba
naman na di na bumabalik don, ay meron na
sila mga trabaho. Kaya lang yung amin
government may programa sila na balik
barangay. Kaya ang ginawa namin kaming
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
mga barangay ay nangunguna na bumalik sa
eastern.
(11)
Based on your experience, Yung sa ngayon ma’am, yung pang araw-
how did the impact of the Mt. araw na buhay ay malaking epekto. Dahil
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of noon, imbis na makuha ng mga buyer o
living (the traditional use of natural bumibili ng kalakal na medyo tama lang na
resources) by the Aeta people in pangangailangan, ngayong malaki na ang
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the epekto. Halimbawa ang isang sako ngayon,
eruption?
dati na binili mo ng 1,200 ngayon na bibili
mo yung kalakal ng isang sako mabibili mo
lang ng 800. Kasi pang babayad din yon sa
kariton kaya magastos at pagod din.
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Actually ma’am, yun na ang karamihan na
respond or cope with the effects of
ginagawa din. Dahil noon pa ma’am very
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
supportive na ang gobyerno natin. Kahit na
supportive ang government natin talagang
nag hahanap din ng trabaho. Ako na layo din
ako ng barangay para mag hanap ng trabaho.
Dahil sa kahirapan tiniis ang trabaho kahit na
kakarampot ang kinikita. Hanggang kahit
papano naka ipon at bumalik sa barangay at
nag start ng bagong buhay.
What is your way of living
Kung sa akin ma’am, ang buhay ko ngayon
now? Does your community do the
okay naman na at stable na din naman na. Sa
same?
ngayon ang buhay din ng mga taga eastern,
(13)
medyo nahihirapan din sila sa panahon
ngayon. Kasi unang-una nga, may mga
hanap buhay sila pero kung mag bababa sila
mas nababawasan pa.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Kung sa akin ma’am, mas maganda yung
living now? Do you still want to
noon. Kaya lang, hindi natin masisisi ang
practice your authentic traditional
kalikasan. May plano ang Diyos kung bakit
food gathering methods?
ng yari to. Kaya lang, kung sa akin, may
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maganda plano ang Diyos para sa atin. Sa iba
naman, sa panahon ngayon, mayroon din
pagsisikap ang bawat isa. Ang nakikita ko na
kagandahan, kahit dinanas namin ang pag
putok ng pinatubo, nagsisikap pa din yung
mga tao para maitaguyod ang kanya kanyang
buhay.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Sa akin kasi, nakapangasawa na ko,
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
nakakapag provide naman. Yung aking misis
people provide for their daily needs?
ay may trabaho din as a midwife. Tapos
naging kagawad din ako, kaya yung
pangangailangan namin nakakapag sustain
naman siya araw-araw. Pero yung mga
kabarangay namin, makikita talaga natin na
sariling sikap. Kailangan na kailangan talaga
nila ng kaagapay at tulong para ma sustain
ang pangangailangan nila.
(16)
Does the government or the
Bilang barangay official, sa ngayon wala.
LGUs have been reached your
Pag may trabaho ka, wala. Maliban lang sa
family or your tribe for any form of
mga relief, kasama na kami don.
help? (If yes, what are those?)
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi po ma’am, bagkus may programa po
Aeta people from returning to their ang gobyerno namin dito na balik barangay
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Sapat naman po talaga ma’am at hindi
recovery
program
the naman din po sila nagpapabayad sa kanilang
government did? Did it went well for mga nasasakupan. Lalo na kami hindi naman
you and the community?
(19)
po namin sila pinapabayaan.
Our study aims to bring back Ang ng yayari po ma’am, ang hanap buhay
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan po talaga andon eh. Kaya po ang lugar po na
before the eruption happened so that yon ay dapat protektahan talaga at sinisikap
the Aeta people will reclaim their na ayusin talaga.
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kung sa ngayon po ma’am sapat na po sa
this research, are you contented to akin yun eh. Pero kung aalalahanin ko ang
fully adapt to the modern way of mga kabarangay ko, hindi pa din po sapat
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or talaga.
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Siguro po ma’am yung tubig kasi y napaka
this research, do you have any lalim almost 140 feet ang lalim ng tubig.
recommendations that will contribute Kung ma ipapagawa yon ay malaking tulong
to our study?
po talaga samin yon.
DATE
October 25, 2022
BARANGAY
BELBEL
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Lisnie Ocampo
Age
53
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yung lugar po namin kasi ma’am ay doon po
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo sa paanan ng bulkan. Ang barangay po
eruption affect the biodiversity in namin totally talaga na daanan, totally
Botolan, Zambales?
washout talaga yung lugar namin. Ang
unang putok po nya apoy, tapos sumunod po
sa apoy bato, pag ka tapos po ng bato,
buhangin…
Yung batong patay, may
malaking tipak may maliit na tipak. Tapos po
malaking tipak po na bato… Kasi po yan,
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ang sabi po ng matatanda pa patay na bulkan
na po iyan. Kaya lang, nung dumating na
yung Philippine National Oil Company sa
barangay Villar sa barangay sa baitan.
Binutasan, binutasan po yang mismong
pinatubo. Kasi ang hinahanap is yung ano
oil. Kasi kumpanya po sila company po sila.
Ang tawag po sa kanila Philippine National
Oil Company. Mismong ang pilipinas po ang
may ahensya. Hindi naman po pag ka butas
nila biglang sumabog. Pag ka butas po nila
syempre maraming nag operate, maraming
nag trabaho. Kumbaga ang mga tao po sa
baitan mga indigenous po talaga. Ang dami
po nag trabaho. Totally mga aeta po talaga.
Ngayon pag ka lipas po non ilang buwan,
april 2 sumabog po yan ng usok. Sumabog
po siya ng usok ng gabi po non parang kidlat.
Yun pala yung apoy pala ng gagaling sa
bunganga ng bulkan. Doon na po nag umpisa
yung usok. April 2 po siya nag simula
umusok. Ang sumunod po don kinagabihan
na, parang mga christmas tree na di mo ma
intindihan. Tapos po lumindol, minuminuto
po yung lindol. Tapos po nung medyo nag
tagal na parang hinahatak ka pa ilalim. Yun
pala po malapit na siya mag major
errupation. June 16 nag major erupt na po
siya. Pero nung sumabog po talaga siya ang
dami po na tamaan. May na anod may na
paso pumunta pa po sa ospital ng Iba.
Talagang ang hirap namin noon, yung
kariton po namin ang liit ng gulong dun po
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Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
kami sinakay ng asawa ko para makaalis po
kami sa lugar na yon. Nag evacuate po kami
dito sa may babon tuak sa may uge. Kung
saan saan na po kami dinala, kung saan saan
po kami umabot yung mga gamit po namin
di na namin na dala kasi talagang washout po
kami non.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kambing, Kalabaw, meron baboy, aso at
the species that you have commonly manok. Wala talaga kami na dala kahit isa.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Nag gagasak lang po at kaingin talaga kami.
or fished by the Aeta people before
the eruption?
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Kamoteng kahoy, Gabe, Luko/Gandos/ at
the Aeta people gathered before the Saging. Ay yung ano po Durian tapos yung
eruption?
lima lima. Mga kalikasan tanim po yon
marami po don tutubo lang siya don…
Kagaya po nung amukaw, yun po talaga
natural. Tas yung mga gulay namin, baging,
paku mga hindi po yan tinanim mga andon
po lahat. Tapos yung tutubulo at ubeng
ligaw.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Nung bago po sumabog yung pinatubo. Naka
community before Mt. Pinatubo tanim na po kami ng saging at kamote. Yun
erupted?
po yung dun na po namin na medyo nakaka
bili na ng bigas sa bayan. Nag lalako na po
ng saging, kamote at gabe.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Yung po kaingin, peros sa ngayon po maam
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? wala na po kami sariling lupa. Dun lang po
Do you still do it now?
sa baitan meron lupa na mapagtaniman. Ang
ginagawa na lang po namin talaga ngayon
256 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
nakikiupa na lang po talaga kung may mag
tatanim at gapas. Pero ngayon mahirap na
din po sa pag gapas kasi may harvester na
ngayon. Ang ano na lang po namin ngayon
yung pag tatanim.
(7) How do you gather food before the Mag baba po ako ng saging, kamote at
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it ibebenta ko po. Marami po kasi buyer ng
now?
saging.
(8) How was your situation and your Maganda okay naman, pero hindi totally na
community when the Mt. Pinatubo maganda. Kaming mag asawa kasi nag
erupted?
tutulungan para makaraos sa isang araw.
Okay na yung maka kain kami ng tatlong
beses sa isang araw.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Ang dami po namatay. Ang rason po nila
were forcibly evacuated from their mamatay na kung mamatay, hindi nila
lands; since you are a survivor of the lilisanin yung lugar na kinalakihan at doon
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, na po sila tumanda. Doon na din sila
what is your perspective on the others mamatay. Na kahit anong sabihib ng
that stayed to protect their homes?
PHIVOLCS na delikado hindi po sila
naniniwala dahil ang sabi po nila meron
naman po na Apo Namalyari na mag liligtas
sa kanila.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Nung pag tapos po nung sumabog yung
abandon their small villages after the bulkan. Umasa po muna kami sa rasyon. Ang
eruption. What drives you back to nag rarasyon po samin dito NGO po ma’am.
your land even after the eruption Tapos po yung munisipyo nag bibigay din po
damages it?
sa amin. Kasi po 1994 papuntang 1995 wala
na po kaming na kukuha na rasyon. Nung
nawala po yung rasyon dun na po kami nag
simula mag tanim, mag labada, mag bunot
po ng damo sa mayayaman. Kasi na ngapa
po talaga kami nung wala ng rasyon. Kasi di
257 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
po namin mabalikan kasi may lugar pa na
umuusok nung time na yon.
(11)
Based on your experience, Ang hirap talaga ma’am. Kasi lahat na
how did the impact of the Mt. washout nung sumabog yung pinatubo.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Lahat ng tinanim na tabunan ng buhangin.
living (the traditional use of natural
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Ang hirap talaga ma’am. Kasi may maliit na
respond or cope with the effects of
anak ako non ang anak ko non apat sila.
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
Kung isipin ko madam umiiyak na lang ako
kasi yung mga pangarap ko sa pamilya
namin na wala na lang bigla dahil sa pag
sabog ng bulkan. Lalo ako ina ako,
tinitingnan ko pano yung buhay ng mga anak
ko. Umiiyak na lang ako. Ang hirap talaga
tanggapin. Kasi andon na yon eh ng dahil
don sa mga halaman mo mabubuo mo yung
mga pangarap mo eh. Nung sumabog yung
bulkan parang isang panaginip po biglang na
wala.
What is your way of living
Ngayon po, maayos nanaman po ma’am
now? Does your community do the
nakakakain naman po kami sa isang araw.
same?
Kasi po may mga lupa jan sa amo namin na
(13)
tinataniman namin ng palay. Nakakani
naman po kami ng kasya lang bago dumating
ulit yung pag tatanim namin.Nakakakain
naman kami ng sapat at nakakapag aral
naman yung bunso ko.
Ganon din po sa buhay namin, wala po
talagang nakakaahon. Maliban na lang yung
sa ibang barangay na meron na talaga sila
258 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
dati na nakakapag deposit sa banko na kahit
masiraan sila sa baitan may pera sila sa
bayan. Pero kami walang wala talaga maam.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Mas gusto sana namin yung noon nung di pa
living now? Do you still want to
sumabog yung bulkan. Kasi wala kang
practice your authentic traditional
kakatakutan na baka sumabog nanaman.
food gathering methods?
Napaka hirap talaga madam na todo sikap ka
sa kakatanim para mabuhay at may makain
biglang mawawala. Ma-washout maam.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Same ma’am, nakikiupa, lahat po ng
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
pwedeng pakiupahan basta marangal andon
people provide for their daily needs?
kami maam.
(16)
Does the government or the
Pag po may rasyon. Ayon po na aabutan
LGUs have been reached your
kami. Yung housing repair po na binigay nila
family or your tribe for any form of
na labing dalawang yero at kahoy pero
help? (If yes, what are those?)
kulang na kulang pa din po talaga.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman. Bale nag karoon po ng
Aeta people from returning to their programa yung LGU na balik barangay.
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know Karamihan po kasi talaga na totally aeta mas
the reason why?)
gusto po bumalik sa baitan dahil hinahanap
po yung pag tatanim at pag gagasak.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Hindi po sapat, kulang po talaga. Kaya mag
recovery
program
the hahanap buhay ka po talaga. Halimbawa po
government did? Did it went well for maam, mag bigay po sila ng 3 kilo na bigas
you and the community?
kulang po talaga yon. Isang linggo isang
beses.
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Babalik po kaya sa dati maam. Kagayan
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan nyan nag aalboroto pa din po yung bulkan.
before the eruption happened so that Mababalik pa ba yung dati kagaya nyan
the Aeta people will reclaim their bulkan pa din po yan maam maaring
culture
by bringing
back
their sumabog pa din po. Sa ngayon po marami na
traditional use of natural resources din po bumalik doon.
259 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Depende po siguro sa panahon. Kung gusto
this research, are you contented to po talaga ng gobyerno na tulungan kami na
fully adapt to the modern way of ibigay samin yung talagang tulong na
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or kailangan namin. Bakit po hindi.
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Number one po maam, transportation. Tubig
this research, do you have any po maam dahil hindi na po ligtas inumin
recommendations that will contribute yung tubig dahil may halo na din po lahar.
to our study?
Hayop po maam kasi hindi ka naman
makapunta sa baitan kung wala ka non.
DATE
October 25, 2022
BARANGAY
BELBEL
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Roberto Ocampo
Age
57
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yung lugar po namin kasi ma’am ay doon po
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo sa paanan ng bulkan. Ang barangay po
eruption affect the biodiversity in namin totally talaga na daanan, totally
Botolan, Zambales?
washout talaga yung lugar namin. Ang
unang putok po nya apoy, tapos sumunod po
sa apoy bato, pag ka tapos po ng bato,
buhangin…
Yung batong patay, may
malaking tipak may maliit na tipak. Tapos po
malaking tipak po na bato… Kasi po yan,
ang sabi po ng matatanda pa patay na bulkan
260 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
na po iyan. Kaya lang, nung dumating na
yung Philippine National Oil Company sa
barangay Villar sa barangay sa baitan.
Binutasan, binutasan po yang mismong
pinatubo. Kasi ang hinahanap is yung ano
oil. Kasi kumpanya po sila company po sila.
Ang tawag po sa kanila Philippine National
Oil Company. Mismong ang pilipinas po ang
may ahensya. Hindi naman po pag ka butas
nila biglang sumabog. Pag ka butas po nila
syempre maraming nag operate, maraming
nag trabaho. Kumbaga ang mga tao po sa
baitan mga indigenous po talaga. Ang dami
po nag trabaho. Totally mga aeta po talaga.
Ngayon pag ka lipas po non ilang buwan,
april 2 sumabog po yan ng usok. Sumabog
po siya ng usok ng gabi po non parang kidlat.
Yun pala yung apoy pala ng gagaling sa
bunganga ng bulkan. Doon na po nag umpisa
yung usok. April 2 po siya nag simula
umusok. Ang sumunod po don kinagabihan
na, parang mga christmas tree na di mo ma
intindihan. Tapos po lumindol, minuminuto
po yung lindol. Tapos po nung medyo nag
tagal na parang hinahatak ka pa ilalim. Yun
pala po malapit na siya mag major
errupation. June 16 nag major erupt na po
siya. Pero nung sumabog po talaga siya ang
dami po na tamaan. May na anod may na
paso pumunta pa po sa ospital ng Iba.
Talagang ang hirap namin noon, yung
kariton po namin ang liit ng gulong dun po
kami sinakay ng asawa ko para makaalis po
261 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
kami sa lugar na yon. Nag evacuate po kami
dito sa may babon tuak sa may uge. Kung
saan saan na po kami dinala, kung saan saan
po kami umabot yung mga gamit po namin
di na namin na dala kasi talagang washout po
kami non.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kambing, Kalabaw, meron baboy, aso at
the species that you have commonly manok. Wala talaga kami na dala kahit isa.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Nag gagasak lang po at kaingin talaga kami.
or fished by the Aeta people before
the eruption?
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Kamoteng kahoy, Gabe, Luko/Gandos/ at
the Aeta people gathered before the Saging. Ay yung ano po Durian tapos yung
eruption?
lima lima. Mga kalikasan tanim po yon
marami po don tutubo lang siya don…
Kagaya po nung amukaw, yun po talaga
natural. Tas yung mga gulay namin, baging,
paku mga hindi po yan tinanim mga andon
po lahat. Tapos yung tutubulo at ubeng
ligaw.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Nung bago po sumabog yung pinatubo. Naka
community before Mt. Pinatubo tanim na po kami ng saging at kamote. Yun
erupted?
po yung dun na po namin na medyo nakaka
bili na ng bigas sa bayan. Nag lalako na po
ng saging, kamote at gabe.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Yung po kaingin, peros sa ngayon po maam
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? wala na po kami sariling lupa. Dun lang po
Do you still do it now?
sa baitan meron lupa na mapagtaniman. Ang
ginagawa na lang po namin talaga ngayon
nakikiupa na lang po talaga kung may mag
262 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
tatanim at gapas. Pero ngayon mahirap na
din po sa pag gapas kasi may harvester na
ngayon. Ang ano na lang po namin ngayon
yung pag tatanim.
(7) How do you gather food before the Mag baba po ako ng saging, kamote at
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it ibebenta ko po. Marami po kasi buyer ng
now?
saging.
(8) How was your situation and your Maganda okay naman, pero hindi totally na
community when the Mt. Pinatubo maganda. Kaming mag asawa kasi nag
erupted?
tutulungan para makaraos sa isang araw.
Okay na yung maka kain kami ng tatlong
beses sa isang araw.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Ang dami po namatay. Ang rason po nila
were forcibly evacuated from their mamatay na kung mamatay, hindi nila
lands; since you are a survivor of the lilisanin yung lugar na kinalakihan at doon
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, na po sila tumanda. Doon na din sila
what is your perspective on the others mamatay. Na kahit anong sabihib ng
that stayed to protect their homes?
PHIVOLCS na delikado hindi po sila
naniniwala dahil ang sabi po nila meron
naman po na Apo Namalyari na mag liligtas
sa kanila.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Nung pag tapos po nung sumabog yung
abandon their small villages after the bulkan. Umasa po muna kami sa rasyon. Ang
eruption. What drives you back to nag rarasyon po samin dito NGO po ma’am.
your land even after the eruption Tapos po yung munisipyo nag bibigay din po
damages it?
sa amin. Kasi po 1994 papuntang 1995 wala
na po kaming na kukuha na rasyon. Nung
nawala po yung rasyon dun na po kami nag
simula mag tanim, mag labada, mag bunot
po ng damo sa mayayaman. Kasi na ngapa
po talaga kami nung wala ng rasyon. Kasi di
po namin mabalikan kasi may lugar pa na
umuusok nung time na yon.
263 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(11)
Based on your experience, Ang hirap talaga ma’am. Kasi lahat na
how did the impact of the Mt. washout nung sumabog yung pinatubo.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Lahat ng tinanim na tabunan ng buhangin.
living (the traditional use of natural
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Ang hirap talaga ma’am. Kasi may maliit na
respond or cope with the effects of
anak ako non ang anak ko non apat sila.
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
Kung isipin ko madam umiiyak na lang ako
kasi yung mga pangarap ko sa pamilya
namin na wala na lang bigla dahil sa pag
sabog ng bulkan. Lalo ako ina ako,
tinitingnan ko pano yung buhay ng mga anak
ko. Umiiyak na lang ako. Ang hirap talaga
tanggapin. Kasi andon na yon eh ng dahil
don sa mga halaman mo mabubuo mo yung
mga pangarap mo eh. Nung sumabog yung
bulkan parang isang panaginip po biglang na
wala.
What is your way of living
Ngayon po, maayos nanaman po ma’am
now? Does your community do the
nakakakain naman po kami sa isang araw.
same?
Kasi po may mga lupa jan sa amo namin na
(13)
tinataniman namin ng palay. Nakakani
naman po kami ng kasya lang bago dumating
ulit yung pag tatanim namin.Nakakakain
naman kami ng sapat at nakakapag aral
naman yung bunso ko.
Ganon din po sa buhay namin, wala po
talagang nakakaahon. Maliban na lang yung
sa ibang barangay na meron na talaga sila
dati na nakakapag deposit sa banko na kahit
264 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
masiraan sila sa baitan may pera sila sa
bayan. Pero kami walang wala talaga maam.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Mas gusto sana namin yung noon nung di pa
living now? Do you still want to
sumabog yung bulkan. Kasi wala kang
practice your authentic traditional
kakatakutan na baka sumabog nanaman.
food gathering methods?
Napaka hirap talaga madam na todo sikap ka
sa kakatanim para mabuhay at may makain
biglang mawawala. Ma-washout maam.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Same ma’am, nakikiupa, lahat po ng
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
pwedeng pakiupahan basta marangal andon
people provide for their daily needs?
kami maam.
(16)
Does the government or the
Pag po may rasyon. Ayon po na aabutan
LGUs have been reached your
kami. Yung housing repair po na binigay nila
family or your tribe for any form of
na labing dalawang yero at kahoy pero
help? (If yes, what are those?)
kulang na kulang pa din po talaga.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman. Bale nag karoon po ng
Aeta people from returning to their programa yung LGU na balik barangay.
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know Karamihan po kasi talaga na totally aeta mas
the reason why?)
gusto po bumalik sa baitan dahil hinahanap
po yung pag tatanim at pag gagasak.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Hindi po sapat, kulang po talaga. Kaya mag
recovery
program
the hahanap buhay ka po talaga. Halimbawa po
government did? Did it went well for maam, mag bigay po sila ng 3 kilo na bigas
you and the community?
kulang po talaga yon. Isang linggo isang
beses.
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Babalik po kaya sa dati maam. Kagayan
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan nyan nag aalboroto pa din po yung bulkan.
before the eruption happened so that Mababalik pa ba yung dati kagaya nyan
the Aeta people will reclaim their bulkan pa din po yan maam maaring
culture
by bringing
back
their sumabog pa din po. Sa ngayon po marami na
traditional use of natural resources din po bumalik doon.
and turning the ancestral lands into a
265 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Depende po siguro sa panahon. Kung gusto
this research, are you contented to po talaga ng gobyerno na tulungan kami na
fully adapt to the modern way of ibigay samin yung talagang tulong na
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or kailangan namin. Bakit po hindi.
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Number one po maam, transportation. Tubig
this research, do you have any po maam dahil hindi na po ligtas inumin
recommendations that will contribute yung tubig dahil may halo na din po lahar.
to our study?
Hayop po maam kasi hindi ka naman
makapunta sa baitan kung wala ka non.
DATE
October 25, 2022
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Fred Ignacio
Age
48
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
Kagawad
(1) Based on your observation, how did Nung pumutok yung pinatubo, lumindol,
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo minuto minuto lumilindol. Nung na tapos na
eruption affect the biodiversity in ang lindol pumutok naman ang pinatubo.
Botolan, Zambales?
Yung iba na likas na, ako naman yung na
iwan dahil may mga kalabaw kami na
binabantayan. Pero pag baba ko kami ng mga
pinsan ko, oras lang
pumutok na yung
bulkan. Sobrang kapal ng buhangin, kapag
malakas yung mga buhangin na nag
lalaglagan nasa labas lang kami dahil hindi
pwede sa loob baka magiba yung bubong.
266 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Akala namin gabi na, pero hindi pala sobrang
dilim lang pala. Lahat ng malalim naging
patag dahil sa buhangin. Pero yung barangay
namin hindi nadaanan ng tubig (lahar), na
tabunan lang ng buhangin, siguro mga
dalawang (2) tao ang taas.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Mga baboy omar, at native na manok
the species that you have commonly
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Ayon, mga baboy ramo, usa, hipon, dalag, at
or fished by the Aeta people before tilapia. Pero ngayon malalayo na ang pinag
the eruption?
kukunan.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Ube, kamote, kamoteng kahoy.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Mahirap ang buhay namin noon wala
community before Mt. Pinatubo kaming bukid na pinag tataniman ng sarili.
erupted?
(6) What traditional practices do you do Ang mga na ngangaso noon tatay at lolo ko.
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? Ang ginagawa yung silo, yung bitag ang
Do you still do it now?
ginagawa nila.
(7) How do you gather food before the Opo, nag tatanim pa din po kami.
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it
now?
(8) How was your situation and your Naiwan ako doon, pinauna ko yung asawa ko
community when the Mt. Pinatubo na buntis dahil binabantayan ko pa yung
erupted?
bahay namin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa barangay namin po, walang na matay.
were forcibly evacuated from their Nung na evacuate na kami walang namatay
lands; since you are a survivor of the kahit matanda. Na kuha kaming lahat dahil
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, kami na yung huling na kuha. Pulis na ang
267 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
what is your perspective on the others kumuha samin gamit yung dump truck nila.
that stayed to protect their homes?
Sa ibang bayan di namin alam kung may na
matay.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kagagaling ko nga lang kahapon don. May
abandon their small villages after the bahay pa ako don at don ako nag tatanim,
eruption. What drives you back to dahil wala naman ako mataniman dito dahil
your land even after the eruption mabato.
damages it?
(11)
Based on your experience, Sobrang na hirapan po talaga kami madam.
how did the impact of the Mt. Noon andon na lahat ng kabuhayan namin.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Ngayon, wala na, na ngungupahan na lang
living (the traditional use of natural kami para makapag saka.
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Nag bigay po sila ng mga tent, dun lang po
respond or cope with the effects of
kami nakatira dati. Yung pagkain libre din.
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
Nag tagal din siguro yon ng halos isang taon.
(13)
What is your way of living
Ngayon po, nakikiupa lang kami sa
now? Does your community do the
pinatubo.
same?
nakikiupa lang din.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Yung
iba
maayos
na
din,
Mas gusto namin yung noon, madam. Kung
living now? Do you still want to
di kami tinamaan ng bulkan maaring mas
practice your authentic traditional
maluwang pa yung taniman namin ngayon.
food gathering methods?
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
Ayon nga po, nag tatanim kami para may ma
benta
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
LGUs have been reached your
Binibigay po ng gobyerno, yung 4P’s yun na
po ang binibigay. Pero palaging nag bibigay,
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
family or your tribe for any form of
paminsan minsan po ang bibigay po yung
help? (If yes, what are those?)
mayor namin kada barangay po.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman po madam. Pinapabalik na
Aeta people from returning to their talaga kami. Kaya lang yung iba po, ayaw ng
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know bumalik. Pero ako, mas willing ako talaga na
the reason why?)
bumalik talaga sa baitan kasi po andon po
yung sarili namin lupa na tinataniman.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Okay naman po.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Kung ma ibabalik po, pero ngayon may
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan pinangingisdaan na po kami ngayon pero
before the eruption happened so that kulang din po sa kagamitan madam.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kahit ngayon po madam, kahit lahar po yon
this research, are you contented to madam, pinapakinabangan po namin. Ang
fully adapt to the modern way of gaganda po ng tanim ngayon don. Lahat ng
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or tinatanim don malaman.
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Gusto
po
namin
yung
kalabaw
na
this research, do you have any makakatulong samin sa pag gagasak.
recommendations that will contribute
to our study?
DATE
October 25, 2022
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Elvie Ignacio
Age
47
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Nung pumutok yung pinatubo, lumindol,
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo minuto minuto lumilindol. Nung na tapos na
eruption affect the biodiversity in ang lindol pumutok naman ang pinatubo.
Botolan, Zambales?
Yung iba na likas na, ako naman yung na
iwan dahil may mga kalabaw kami na
binabantayan. Pero pag baba ko kami ng mga
pinsan ko, oras lang
pumutok na yung
bulkan. Sobrang kapal ng buhangin, kapag
malakas yung mga buhangin na nag
lalaglagan nasa labas lang kami dahil hindi
pwede sa loob baka magiba yung bubong.
Akala namin gabi na, pero hindi pala sobrang
dilim lang pala. Lahat ng malalim naging
patag dahil sa buhangin. Pero yung barangay
namin hindi nadaanan ng tubig (lahar), na
tabunan lang ng buhangin, siguro mga
dalawang (2) tao ang taas.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Mga baboy omar, at native na manok
the species that you have commonly
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Ayon, mga baboy ramo, usa, hipon, dalag, at
or fished by the Aeta people before tilapia. Pero ngayon malalayo na ang pinag
the eruption?
kukunan.
270 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Ube, kamote, kamoteng kahoy.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Mahirap ang buhay namin noon wala
community before Mt. Pinatubo kaming bukid na pinag tataniman ng sarili.
erupted?
(6) What traditional practices do you do Ang mga na ngangaso noon tatay at lolo ko.
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? Ang ginagawa yung silo, yung bitag ang
Do you still do it now?
ginagawa nila.
(7) How do you gather food before the Opo, nag tatanim pa din po kami.
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it
now?
(8) How was your situation and your Naiwan ako doon, pinauna ko yung asawa ko
community when the Mt. Pinatubo na buntis dahil binabantayan ko pa yung
erupted?
bahay namin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa barangay namin po, walang na matay.
were forcibly evacuated from their Nung na evacuate na kami walang namatay
lands; since you are a survivor of the kahit matanda. Na kuha kaming lahat dahil
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, kami na yung huling na kuha. Pulis na ang
what is your perspective on the others kumuha samin gamit yung dump truck nila.
that stayed to protect their homes?
Sa ibang bayan di namin alam kung may na
matay.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kagagaling ko nga lang kahapon don. May
abandon their small villages after the bahay pa ako don at don ako nag tatanim,
eruption. What drives you back to dahil wala naman ako mataniman dito dahil
your land even after the eruption mabato.
damages it?
(11)
Based on your experience, Sobrang na hirapan po talaga kami madam.
how did the impact of the Mt. Noon andon na lahat ng kabuhayan namin.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Ngayon, wala na, na ngungupahan na lang
living (the traditional use of natural kami para makapag saka.
resources) by the Aeta people in
271 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Nag bigay po sila ng mga tent, dun lang po
respond or cope with the effects of
kami nakatira dati. Yung pagkain libre din.
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
Nag tagal din siguro yon ng halos isang taon.
(13)
What is your way of living
Ngayon po, nakikiupa lang kami sa
now? Does your community do the
pinatubo.
same?
nakikiupa lang din.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Yung
iba
maayos
na
din,
Mas gusto namin yung noon, madam. Kung
living now? Do you still want to
di kami tinamaan ng bulkan maaring mas
practice your authentic traditional
maluwang pa yung taniman namin ngayon.
food gathering methods?
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
Ayon nga po, nag tatanim kami para may ma
benta
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
Binibigay po ng gobyerno, yung 4P’s yun na
LGUs have been reached your
po ang binibigay. Pero palaging nag bibigay,
family or your tribe for any form of
paminsan minsan po ang bibigay po yung
help? (If yes, what are those?)
mayor namin kada barangay po.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman po madam. Pinapabalik na
Aeta people from returning to their talaga kami. Kaya lang yung iba po, ayaw ng
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know bumalik. Pero ako, mas willing ako talaga na
the reason why?)
bumalik talaga sa baitan kasi po andon po
yung sarili namin lupa na tinataniman.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Okay naman po.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Kung ma ibabalik po, pero ngayon may
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan pinangingisdaan na po kami ngayon pero
before the eruption happened so that kulang din po sa kagamitan madam.
272 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kahit ngayon po madam, kahit lahar po yon
this research, are you contented to madam, pinapakinabangan po namin. Ang
fully adapt to the modern way of gaganda po ng tanim ngayon don. Lahat ng
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or tinatanim don malaman.
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Gusto
po
namin
yung
kalabaw
na
this research, do you have any makakatulong samin sa pag gagasak.
recommendations that will contribute
to our study?
DATE
October 25, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Sussana Atanacio
Age
73
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
Former Barangay Captain
(1) Based on your observation, how did Malapit kami sa tuktok noon, sa Villar. Dati
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo akong taga Villar nung sumabog lumipat na
eruption affect the biodiversity in kami sa Belbel.
Botolan, Zambales?
(2) Based on your observation, what are Namatay sila nung sumabog yung bulkan.
the species that you have commonly Baboy, kalabaw, at manok.
encountered before that have been
273 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Usa, Baboy Ramo, at Tilapia.
or fished by the Aeta people before
the eruption?
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Kamoteng Kahoy, Sigarilyas, at Sitaw.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Okay ang buhay namin noon. Kasi kumikita
community before Mt. Pinatubo kami dahil sa gulay. Tinitinda namin yung
erupted?
gulay mula bundok papuntang bayan.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Oo, nag sasaka ako dati. Yung tatay ko na
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? ngangaso noon nung di pa namatay dahil sa
Do you still do it now?
bulkan. Nangingisda din siya noon.
(7) How do you gather food before the Oo, nag tatanim pa din sila ng kanin, kamote,
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it at saging.
now?
(8) How was your situation and your Sa
Belbel
doon
maraming
namatay.
community when the Mt. Pinatubo Nakaligtas kami nung nilipat kami dito sa
erupted?
evacuation center. Doon muna kami nilipat
sa Tent City (Bulawin)
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Nung pinuntahan sila ng ano… ayaw talaga
were forcibly evacuated from their nila. Meron pa nga nung mga tumakbo eh.
lands; since you are a survivor of the Yung anak ko nga ayaw sumama dahil ayaw
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, what iwan yung bahay.
is your perspective on the others that
stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Hindi na ako bumalik doon. Oo, binisita ko
abandon their small villages after the noon. Pero dito na talaga ko sa Bulawin. Ang
eruption. What drives you back to bumabalik yung iba.
your land even after the eruption
damages it?
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(11)
Based on your experience, Wala na ma’am. Nawash-out na. Sa rasyon
how did the impact of the Mt. lang ng gobyerno kami umaasa. Pag ka
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of tapos, kinuha ako dati sa Bulawin at inassign
living (the traditional use of natural ako sa feeding program.
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Okay naman na.
respond or cope with the effects of
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
(13)
What is your way of living
Ngayon, tumutulong na lang ako sa
now? Does your community do the
komunidad namin.
same?
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Noon. Hindi ko na ginagawa yung dati. Wala
living now? Do you still want to
na kami ngayon non, kaya mahirap na kami
practice your authentic traditional
ngayon. Kung hindi kami kumukuha sa
food gathering methods?
gobyerno, wala din.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
Yun nga. Umaasa na lang kami sa rasyon ng
gobyerno. Noon, nakakapag negosyo kami.
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
Wala. Hindi na ako pwedeng makiupa o mag
LGUs have been reached your family trabaho dahil matanda na raw ako.
or your tribe for any form of help? (If
yes, what are those?)
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Noon, kasi baka pumutok ulit, pero ngayon
Aeta people from returning to their hindi na. Mas marami ng aeta ang bumalik
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know doon.
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Maganda ang serbisyo nila. Pero, ang gusto
recovery
program
the ko sana kung hindi pa pumutok ang Pinatubo
275 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
government did? Did it went well for mas maganda sana. Dahil may sariling
you and the community?
(19)
bukid.
Our study aims to bring back Maganda po kasi, gusto nila na doon talaga.
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan Nabubuhay na sila don kasi nakakapag tanim
before the eruption happened so that na sila at na bebenta dito sa bayan.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Oo, babalik ako don. Yung iba ayaw na
this research, are you contented to talaga dito mas gusto nila don dahil mas
fully adapt to the modern way of mabubuhay sila don. Kaya lang ako nag
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or tagal dito dahil may trabaho ako dito noon.
reestablish the traditional use of Pero mas gusto ko talaga maka balik doon.
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Gusto namin ngayon na babalik doon at
this research, do you have any makapag tanim. Pero bukod don mas
recommendations that will contribute makakatulong kung may fertilizer at pang
to our study?
bungkal ng lupa. Ang gusto nila na huwag na
mag papasok na ng mga ibang tao dahil
maraming nag kaka interest sa lugar namin
DATE
October 25, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Chona Himoro Balintay
Age
64
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
276 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yung palayan namin na tabunan ng lahar,
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo aanihin na lang na tabunan pa.
eruption affect the biodiversity in
Botolan, Zambales?
(2) Based on your observation, what are Nag aalaga yung asawa ko ng manok, baka,
the species that you have commonly at kalabaw
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted N/A
or fished by the Aeta people before
the eruption?
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Gabi, Talong, Kangkon, Kamote, at Saging.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Mahirap din. Wala na kami sariling bukid
community before Mt. Pinatubo ngayon eh.
erupted?
(6) What traditional practices do you do Hindi na, wala na kaming bukid ngayon eh.
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo?
Do you still do it now?
(7) How do you gather food before the Yung mister ko nandon sa Pinatubo nag
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it tatanim pa din pero nangungupahan na lang.
now?
Pagkatapos anihin ibaba dito sakin at
ibebenta ko naman.
(8) How was your situation and your Malaking kawalan. Nung hindi pa pumutok
community when the Mt. Pinatubo ang pinatubo nakakapag tanim at tinda kami
erupted?
ng maayos. Ngayon wala na, umaasa na lang
kami sa relief.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Ang masasabi ko, masakit ang ng yari para
were forcibly evacuated from their sa kanila, hindi sila umalis. Pinapaalis na
lands; since you are a survivor of the kami pero hindi pa sila umalis dahil masakit
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption,
277 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
what is your perspective on the others sa kanila na iwanan yung bahay nila at mga
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
alaga nila na hayop.
Most of the Aeta people Yung mister ko na lang bumabalik para mag
abandon their small villages after the gasak o mag tanim.
eruption. What drives you back to
your land even after the eruption
damages it?
(11)
Based on your experience, Malaking kawalan sa kabuhayan. Umasa na
how did the impact of the Mt. lang kami noon sa mga rasyon ng gobyerno
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of para mabuhay.
living (the traditional use of natural
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Okay naman na.
respond or cope with the effects of
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
(13)
What is your way of living
Ganon pa din, umaasa pa din kami sa tanim.
now? Does your community do the
Ngayon kaya wala dito yung mister ko,
same?
nandon siya sa Pinatubo nag tatanim. Yung
iba ganon din nag tatanim din doon.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Mas maganda yung dati, kasi nandoon na
living now? Do you still want to
lahat ng kataniman. Pwede ka mag tanim,
practice your authentic traditional
mag alaga. Dito hindi eh.
food gathering methods?
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Oo. Pero hindi naman lahat dahil hindi kaya
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
ibigay lahat ng gobyerno at pinansyal lang
people provide for their daily needs?
ang binibigay. Nag bibigay din naman ng
mga buto sa mga magsasaka.
(16)
Does the government or the
Nag bibigay din naman ng mga buto sa mga
LGUs have been reached your family magsasaka. Sa pera, hindi naman palagi pero
278 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
or your tribe for any form of help?
hindi sapat dahil madami din ang may
(If yes, what are those?)
kailangan.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman, dati hindi din.
Aeta people from returning to their
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Oo, maganda naman.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Mas maganda, mas okay doon kasi dito
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan alanganin dito dahil hindi ka sigurado kung
before the eruption happened so that makakapag benta ka.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Oo, dahil mas maganda don ang buhay.
this research, are you contented to
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Mas maganda kung babalik kami doon
this research, do you have any kailangan matulungan din kami. Kailangan
recommendations that will contribute namin ng kalabaw, pala mga gamit sa
to our study?
pagtatanim.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
BURGOS
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Hangsly Cariño
Age
46
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Marami talagang nagbago, nasira talaga,
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo palayan ganyan, kaingan.
eruption affect the biodiversity in
Botolan, Zambales?
(2) Based on your observation, what are Yung mga kalabaw din, madam. Kambing,
the species that you have commonly Baboy.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Tumutulong ako sa pangingisda ng tatay ko.
or fished by the Aeta people before Mga hipon na medyo malalaki, sa ilog nung
the eruption?
di pa ano. May dalag, iba’t ibang isda, hito
ganon.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Saging, Kamote.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Mabuti noon kasi may bukid ka, may
community before Mt. Pinatubo sagingan.
erupted?
(6) What traditional practices do you do Talagang syempre pagka walang pagkain
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? naghahanap ka rin, ng trabaho dahil
Do you still do it now?
makikiupa ka rin, kailangan magpatanim.
Naggagasak, nagtatanim ng mais, gabi,
ganyan.
(7) How do you gather food before the Nangunguha
ng
halamang
ligaw,
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it naghahanap or pangangaso. Hindi na, Iba na
now?
ang trabaho, pero nagtanim na lang dito,
nakikiupa.
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Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(8) How was your situation and your Mahirap talaga dahil ano talaga dahil
community when the Mt. Pinatubo syempre hiwalay hiwalay ka din, iisipin mo
erupted?
nasan na sila.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Kasi ano maam eh hindi mga sanay dito sa
were forcibly evacuated from their ibaba eh kaya ayaw nila bumaba, kahit may
lands; since you are a survivor of the masamang
nangyari.
Nandoon
ang
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, kabuhayan.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Paminsan minsan, kasi nandoon yung mga
abandon their small villages after the kuwan, mga halaman, magtanim ng kamote,
eruption. What drives you back to ng saging. Kaya lang mahirap na ngayon
your land even after the eruption maam dahil wala ng alagang hayop,
damages it?
Kailangan talaga yung mga hayop para
sakyan mo, kailangan may sarili kang
kalabaw para sakyan mo.
(11)
Based on your experience, Syempre maam noon diba may nagbibigay
how did the impact of the Mt. kasi wala pa tayong maanong trabaho noon
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of dahil naputukan nga tayo, umaasa nga sa
living (the traditional use of natural ano. Minsan nagpapatrabaho ang mga NGO.
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
respond or cope with the effects of
Walang magawa dahil yun ang ano ng
kalikasan.
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
(13)
What is your way of living
Dito kapag may umuupa dito na may
now? Does your community do the
nagtanim dito sa baba, nakikitanim. Minsan
same?
maam
nakikipagtrabaho,
construction,
kukuha.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
living now? Do you still want to
Ganon pa rin, Parehas din, walang nagbago.
Mas maganda yung sa dati, kasi nakapondo
na. Halimbawa, bigla lang nawala ganon.
281 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
practice your authentic traditional
food gathering methods?
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Yun
nga
nakikiupa,
Minsan
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
nakikipagtrabaho,
people provide for their daily needs?
Minsan minsan, ibaiba kasi ang ano ng
katutubo din
construction,
maam
kasi
di
kukuha.
nakapagaral
di
makapagapply sa trabaho na pangmatagalan,
ganon mga katutubo.
(16)
Does the government or the
Noon marami, minsan murang bigas yung
LGUs have been reached your
ano ni mayor tatlong buwan lang ata yon
family or your tribe for any form of
pero ngayon wala, anim na kilo bente. Pero
help? (If yes, what are those?)
dalawang buwan lang yun, tuwing tagulan.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman, ang ano lang don yung tubig,
Aeta people from returning to their yung gustong babalik, babalik yung hindi…
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Syempre nakaraos din, malaking tulong din.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Maganda po kasi, kasi maganda talaga dati,
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan kasi talagang mas mahirap nga ngayon kesa
before the eruption happened so that dati. Karamihan ng nandito talaga suko na
the Aeta people will reclaim their din.
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Mas maganda yung ibalik sa dati, kagaya
this research, are you contented to nung may. Sana maam kung yayaman tayo.
fully adapt to the modern way of Maganda maam yung idea niyo na babalik na
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or yung dati, yung maibalik yung dati kasi dito
282 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
reestablish the traditional use of kung wala magupa, wala, wala kang
natural resources?
pagtrabahuan, wala talaga. Kaya maganda
yung ano niyo na babalik talaga, Atleast
doon talaga, ay dito punta ka ng bayan
kailangan
may
sasakyan
ka.
Di
ka
makakapunta ng bayan ng walang ano, doon
lakad lang.
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Madami maam, mas maganda kung may
this research, do you have any programa kayo dahil kung ganon dahil gusto
recommendations that will contribute namin, kasi di kami makaano eh dahil wala
to our study?
kaming service, hindi naman makina, kahit
kalabaw lang saka kariton, traditional pa rin
yung hila hila na ano, katulad nung dati. Kasi
gaya namin malayo talaga.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
BURGOS
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Jerry Castillo
Age
50
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Marami talagang nagbago, nasira talaga,
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo palayan ganyan, kaingan.
eruption affect the biodiversity in
Botolan, Zambales?
(2) Based on your observation, what are Yung mga kalabaw din, madam. Kambing,
the species that you have commonly Baboy.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
283 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Tumutulong ako sa pangingisda ng tatay ko.
or fished by the Aeta people before Mga hipon na medyo malalaki, sa ilog nung
the eruption?
di pa ano. May dalag, iba’t ibang isda, hito
ganon.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Saging, Kamote.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Mabuti noon kasi may bukid ka, may
community before Mt. Pinatubo sagingan.
erupted?
(6) What traditional practices do you do Talagang syempre pagka walang pagkain
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? naghahanap ka rin, ng trabaho dahil
Do you still do it now?
makikiupa ka rin, kailangan magpatanim.
Naggagasak, nagtatanim ng mais, gabi,
ganyan.
(7) How do you gather food before the Nangunguha
ng
halamang
ligaw,
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it naghahanap or pangangaso. Hindi na, Iba na
now?
ang trabaho, pero nagtanim na lang dito,
nakikiupa.
(8) How was your situation and your Mahirap talaga dahil ano talaga dahil
community when the Mt. Pinatubo syempre hiwalay hiwalay ka din, iisipin mo
erupted?
nasan na sila.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Kasi ano maam eh hindi mga sanay dito sa
were forcibly evacuated from their ibaba eh kaya ayaw nila bumaba, kahit may
lands; since you are a survivor of the masamang
nangyari.
Nandoon
ang
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, kabuhayan.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Paminsan minsan, kasi nandoon yung mga
abandon their small villages after the kuwan, mga halaman, magtanim ng kamote,
eruption. What drives you back to ng saging. Kaya lang mahirap na ngayon
your land even after the eruption maam dahil wala ng alagang hayop,
damages it?
Kailangan talaga yung mga hayop para
284 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
sakyan mo, kailangan may sarili kang
kalabaw para sakyan mo.
(11)
Based on your experience, Syempre maam noon diba may nagbibigay
how did the impact of the Mt. kasi wala pa tayong maanong trabaho noon
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of dahil naputukan nga tayo, umaasa nga sa
living (the traditional use of natural ano. Minsan nagpapatrabaho ang mga NGO.
resources) by the Aeta people in
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
respond or cope with the effects of
Walang magawa dahil yun ang ano ng
kalikasan.
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
(13)
What is your way of living
Dito kapag may umuupa dito na may
now? Does your community do the
nagtanim dito sa baba, nakikitanim. Minsan
same?
maam
nakikipagtrabaho,
construction,
kukuha.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Ganon pa rin, Parehas din, walang nagbago.
living now? Do you still want to
Mas maganda yung sa dati, kasi nakapondo
practice your authentic traditional
na. Halimbawa, bigla lang nawala ganon.
food gathering methods?
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Yun
nga
nakikiupa,
Minsan
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
nakikipagtrabaho,
people provide for their daily needs?
Minsan minsan, ibaiba kasi ang ano ng
katutubo din
construction,
maam
kasi
di
kukuha.
nakapagaral
di
makapagapply sa trabaho na pangmatagalan,
ganon mga katutubo.
(16)
Does the government or the
Noon marami, minsan murang bigas yung
LGUs have been reached your
ano ni mayor tatlong buwan lang ata yon
family or your tribe for any form of
pero ngayon wala, anim na kilo bente. Pero
help? (If yes, what are those?)
dalawang buwan lang yun, tuwing tagulan.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman, ang ano lang don yung tubig,
Aeta people from returning to their yung gustong babalik, babalik yung hindi…
285 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Syempre nakaraos din, malaking tulong din.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Maganda po kasi, kasi maganda talaga dati,
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan kasi talagang mas mahirap nga ngayon kesa
before the eruption happened so that dati. Karamihan ng nandito talaga suko na
the Aeta people will reclaim their din.
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Mas maganda yung ibalik sa dati, kagaya
this research, are you contented to nung may. Sana maam kung yayaman tayo.
fully adapt to the modern way of Maganda maam yung idea niyo na babalik na
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or yung dati, yung maibalik yung dati kasi dito
reestablish the traditional use of kung wala magupa, wala, wala kang
natural resources?
pagtrabahuan, wala talaga. Kaya maganda
yung ano niyo na babalik talaga, Atleast
doon talaga, ay dito punta ka ng bayan
kailangan
may
sasakyan
ka.
Di
ka
makakapunta ng bayan ng walang ano, doon
lakad lang.
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Madami maam, mas maganda kung may
this research, do you have any programa kayo dahil kung ganon dahil gusto
recommendations that will contribute namin, kasi di kami makaano eh dahil wala
to our study?
kaming service, hindi naman makina, kahit
kalabaw lang saka kariton, traditional pa rin
yung hila hila na ano, katulad nung dati. Kasi
gaya namin malayo talaga.
286 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Brenda Balitay
Age
52
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
Barangay Secretary
(1) Based on your observation, how did unang una may busina na po siya yung Mt
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo Pinatubo yung usok, itim na tapos yung
eruption affect the biodiversity in kapaligiran madilim na siya, may ashflow na
Botolan, Zambales?
siya, halos lahat nalusaw. Ngayon nung
hinakot na kami ng dumptruck, meron
naiwan, isang pamilya naiwan siya sa
moraza, kasi ayaw niyang iwanan yung
morazza dun na lang daw siya mamamatay
di na siya umalis.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Mga baka, kalabaw, kambing, manok, lahat
the species that you have commonly po, baboy, kabayo, opo lahat na ng mga
encountered before that have been hayop namin doon naiwan na.
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Nangangaso maam, baboy damo at saka usa.
or fished by the Aeta people before Isda naman po hito ganyan, bulig, igat.
the eruption?
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Ube, kamote, kamoteng kahoy, saging, yan
the Aeta people gathered before the lang yung mostly mga kinakain namin doon.
eruption?
Malimit maam ang ulam, asin na lang.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta May bukid kami doon, nangbubugaw ng
community before Mt. Pinatubo apuang yung itim yung kumakain ng palay.
erupted?
Doon sa bukid namin nakaschedule na mga
nagbubugaw. Ngayon nung time na yon ang
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
laki maam ng naaani di kami namomroblema
sa bigas dahil syempre yung bigas talaga
yung naano namin is 100 sack talaga pag
sinuswerte dahil maganda talaga ang tubo
dahil maganda ang lupa. Ngayon umaasa na
lang kami sa gobyerno.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Nakikitanim na lang po saamin, pero ngayon
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? maam naistop na kami. Meron paring
Do you still do it now?
nangangaso maam, hinuhuli nila usa, baboy
damo, malaking ahas.
(7) How do you gather food before the Opo ginagawa pa rin po. Pinapalit po namin
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it ng bigas, yung saging diba magbebenta ka
now?
ngayon itatapat mo dyan sa bahay tapos
papalitan ng bigas.
(8) How was your situation and your Nagdadamayan din kami maam, ang aeta
community when the Mt. Pinatubo kasi di madamot maam kung ano na yung
erupted?
kasya sa isang pamilya ipapamahagi pa.
Hindi nila gagalawin ang dala hanggat di
sinasabi. Respetado ang Aeta. Hindi gaya ng
ibang mga lugar, pag nakakita may naiwan
di binabalik.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Ang ano po kasi maam, ayaw nilang, sa
were forcibly evacuated from their kahirapan ng buhay, ayaw nilang iwanan
lands; since you are a survivor of the kahit kubo lang ang bahay dahil doon ang
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, kinagisnan nila, ayaw nila, kasi pag ganon
what is your perspective on the others din talaga, kultura, doon sila mamamatay.
that stayed to protect their homes?
Kung halimbawa nagkasala ka sa isang aeta,
aeta ako aeta yung napagkasalaan ko, di
pwedeng demandahan dyan may mga dote.
Halimbawa, ako, ang pinagusapan ng kultura
ay dote na lang, ikaw ang dote mo sakin
isang sakong bigas isang buong baboy para
sa pamilya, inuuna ang pamilya. May
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
paniniwala sila, may tradition talaga ang
mga aeta. May dasal sila, ibang iba ang mga
dasal nila satin. Diba may pameeting ang
mga IPs ganyan, Dororo ang tawag doon sa
panalangin. Pinapanalangin ng aeta yung
dororo. Kalimitan kasi dito ang mga aetas
nakapagpastor na. Lahat pastor na. Kaya
magaling na din magsalita. Pero dati
naniniwala sila sa anita, hanggang ngayon,
may mga manggagamot. Halimbawa di nila
makuha sa doktor idadaan nila yan sa anito.
Papaanito siya, bakit nagkasakit siya, ano
nagawa niya, Paniniwala di nawawala yung
mga kultura. Hanggang sa mga bagay na,
ako nagaayos ng mga katutubo, halimbawa
mga desisyon ng kapitan namin halimbawa
ang desisyon ay pagkasundo may mga dote,
bago ka dumating sa kasunduan na yon may
papatayin munang mga hayop. Halimbawa,
ako lalaki yung anak ko, nakipagusap muna
ako sa magulang ng babae, pagdating doon,
ang gusto ko sakanya is bigyan mo ko ng
isang baboy isang sakong bigas, saka yung
baboy may patong na isang libo. Kanila lang
iba pa yung usapan sa kasal. Yung mga talipi
dance, dyan sa mga ano, nagagawa din sila
ng kagaya ng telon, gumagawa sila. Ngayon
kasi
narerecognize
na
nila
yung
sa
kabihasnan natin, di gaya noon na parang
natututo na din sila sa kultura ng tagalog.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Mas mahirap ang buhay dito maam, doon
abandon their small villages after the kasi, di binibili ang ulam, basta may bigas ka
eruption. What drives you back to nandoon na yung halaman mo kukuha ka ng
289 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
your land even after the eruption puso ng saging pwede ka na kumain, dito
damages it?
maam di ka maano dahil binibili mo din,
Lahat maam binibili mo dito. Kamote kami,
alam mo maam yan saging nilalagyan ng
tanglad
yan
sinasaing
binabalatan,
nilalagyan ng asin, nilagyan ng betsin,
nilagyan ng betsin, masarap na yun sakanila.
Dati maam may gilingan ang villar nawala
na nung naano yung bulkan nasama sa lahar.
Ngayon magtanim magayos ng bukid,
halimbawa malambot siya pwede mo ng
ayusin para may bukid para may taniman ka
na.
(11)
Based on your experience, Kami rin maam dahil syempre sa kahirapan
how did the impact of the Mt. ng buhay. Magtanim ng saging, maggagasak
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of para may maitinda dito, kasi pagdating dito
living (the traditional use of natural medyo mahal doon kasi hinihingi lang. Kasi
resources) by the Aeta people in ako, mahirap na bumalik kasi syempre LGU
Botolan,
eruption?
Zambales,
after
the na ang ano ko, yung mister ko kada linggo
nandoon siya. Yung ahas kinakain dyan.
Nakakahuli sila yung parang musang yung
parang pusa, inuulam yun. Pati maam yung
unggoy parang tao, unggoy inuulam doon.
Yung musang parang pusa siya, bayawak
ganyan, hanggang ngayon, yung ibon yung
paniki, yan, mga exotic foods yan ang
inuulam doon sa baitan, talagang ano sa
bundok. Wala silang pinapalagpas.
Kasi malaki na bagay po, kasi yung yung
pananim mo doon nasira ng lahar, natabunan
lahat nadaanan ng lahar, yung bahay dyan sa
villar ang layo ng distansya. Hindi gaya noon
na dikit dikit na ganito, ngayon ang lalayo na
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
nila ng bahay namin, ang hirap na din
akyatin dahil syempre bundok yun, parang
bundok na siya, tubig mahirap din. Tapos
saka sa baitan awa ng Diyos din may
tumulong sa villar, na kalahi, sa DSWD
tumulong sa villar, ngayon po nagkaroon ng
water doon, source ng solar po, gripo na siya
maam.
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Ayaw man sa gusto namin maam mahirap
respond or cope with the effects of
tanggapin, dahil unang una ang paniniwala
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
namin, paano kami magsimula dito ngayon.
Nagpunta po kami sa evacuation, syempre
ang dami nga maam namatay dahil sa suka’t
tae, dahil sa tubig, madumi maam. Dahil
kinakarga kami binabagsak kami dito sa san
juan, parang pandemic siya, sa sikip na
talaga, kahit utot mo na mririnig mo sa ano
eh, dahil sa sikip nga ng tent. Tapos nilikas
nanaman kami, dinala kami doon sa palauig,
nong nagawa itong resettlement pinaghanap
na kami, sige maghanap kayo ng pwesto
niyo dito sa resettlement. Naghanap po kami,
nagtabas, hanggang sa nagkubo kami dito.
Naghanapbuhay yung mister ko dahil
karpintero siya at mason.
May nagaano
magpagawa dito sa bayan. Nakakamove on
na kami doon, pero sa una pa lang naming
salta ang hirap kasi di namin nadala bahay
namin, kahit papano may yero din yon
pinagsikapan namin, pero ang ano nga doon
kahit isang kudkod ng bigas di nakapagdala.
Bawat kargada isang dangkal kami siksikan
lilikas nanaman kami balik nanaman siya,
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ulti mo aso talaga di madala, damit mo lang
na nasa katawan.
(13)
What is your way of living
Ngayon nakamove on na nakapagtrabaho na,
now? Does your community do the
unti unti ng gamit. Pero nagtitiis pa rin dahil
same?
syempre maam wala kaming bukid dito.
Okay naman po sila maam compatible na din
sila. Dito rin sila pero yung iba bumalik
doon.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Sa ngayon naman maam, mas maganda na
living now? Do you still want to
ngayon kesa noon. Kasi ngayon, syempre
practice your authentic traditional
maam doon ang hirap mong iahon yung
food gathering methods?
paninda mo, iisang byahe parag ano siya
ilang oras mo hintayin. Mamamatay na nga
ang pasyente di mo pa madala sa ospital sa
layo, walang facilities. Iisang weapon, kung
bumalik siya dito bukas nanaman siya
dadating. Naglalakad kami maam, ang layo.
Hanggang ngayon, pumunta kami ng baitan
lakad. Alam mo maam kung umalis kami
dito ngayon dadating pa kami alis dyis ng
gabi. Ang teacher doon nahihirapan din,
dahil katutubo ang tinuturuan nila at
katutubo rin sila.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Hanggang ngayon pumuputok pa rin pero di
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
na gaanong kalakas. Maraming nakatira
people provide for their daily needs?
doon na tao, nandoon sila sa bunganga dahil
may lawa na, ang laki ng tilapia na
nabibingwit nila. Hanggang ngayon, doon sa
taas at saka dito sa baba, malalaking isda,
bulig at saka yung madulas na isa yung
malaki, mahaba parang ahas, yung igat.
Malalaki maam yung nakukuha na isda, na
tinitinda rin mura pa 25 each. Nagtitinda sila
292 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
kinabubuhay don sa taas kung masipag ka
may maaani ka pero kung tamad ka wala,
hihingi ka ng saging.
Minsan umaano kami sa mga donation, na
umaabot saamin. LGU at NGO.
(16)
Does the government or the
Kagaya ng mga donation, halimbawa mga
LGUs have been reached your family pagkain,
mga
gamot.
Kagaya
ng
or your tribe for any form of help?
pangkaraniwan na paracetamol, mefenamic,
(If yes, what are those?)
lagundi amoxicillin. Humingi ng sustento sa
LGU, nagbibigay naman po.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Oo maam dahil doon talaga ang kinagisnan
Aeta people from returning to their nila, kasi dito maam, pag pumunta ang aeta
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know pinagtatawanan
the reason why?)
lalo
kung
nakabahag.
Nasanay na din yung mga taga baba na
nakakakita sila ng nakabahag.
Hindi naman pinipigilan kasi doon ang
kinabubuhay
nila
talaga,
parag
pinagkukumpara nila ang buhay dito at doon.
Kasi kung masipag ka talaga kakain ka,
masipag kang mangaso maguulam ka may
paninda ka pa na baboy. Pag dating dito,
ginagala na namin dito.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Napakalaking salamat namin dahil syempre
recovery
program
the kung wala sila wala din kami sa ganitong
government did? Did it went well for sitwasyon.
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Malaking pasasalamat maam, dahil para isa
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan kayong tulay para maging maayos ang mga
before the eruption happened so that aeta magkaroon ng mga sariling pamumuhay
the Aeta people will reclaim their na mas maganda na ikakaunlad namin.
culture
by bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
293 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of N/A
this research, are you contented to
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Gusto namin maam siguro ng taniman,
this research, do you have any parang yung maibenta namin sa baba.
recommendations that will contribute Livelihood program. May mga gumagawa
to our study?
ng bilao, basket. Para di lang panggagasak
ang magagawa nila, para pangkabuhayan
makakatulong
din
sakanila
syempre
nagpapaaral din sila kahit mga aeta sila.
Kahit aeta sila may education din mga anak.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Jonathan Basa
Age
53
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
Pastor
(1) Based on your observation, how did Hindi na ma-ipaliwanag yon eh. Dumilim na
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo lahat. Yung mga bahay, at bukid na wala na
eruption affect the biodiversity in lahat. Pero on the spot naman may nag hakot
Botolan, Zambales?
na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, at manok. Karamihan kasi
the species that you have commonly mga hayop ang namatay don.
encountered before that have been
294 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Yung tatay ko kasi yung talaga nag
or fished by the Aeta people before huhunting. Mga baboy damo at usa. Pero
the eruption?
ngayon meron pa din sa bundok.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Paco, gabe, kamoteng kahoy, baging, at
the Aeta people gathered before the ampalaya na ligay. Sabidukong meron din,
eruption?
parang bulaklak siya pero baging talaga siya
at doon lang tumutubo yon dito hindi.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Maganda buhay doon sa baitan. May bukid,
community before Mt. Pinatubo di mo na proproblemahin yung bigas mo.
erupted?
Masarap kainin kasi di mo na lalagyan ng
kung ano ano. Hindi kagaya dito… Kasi
doon, halimbawa, mag luto kami ng
dalawang gatang tapos punta na kami para
mangisda.
Hindi
namin
pinoproblema
pagkain. Problema lang namin pang bili ng
asin. Kung may bigas ka palit namin sa asin.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Hindi na. Doon sa eastern na ngingisda pa
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? din. Gumagawa pa din kami ng basket doon.
Do you still do it now?
(7) How do you gather food before the May mga nag titinda pa din naman don, kaso
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it mahal… Ngayon, mga tinatanim na nila
now?
tapos binebenta na dito yung mga ligaw na
gulay.
(8) How was your situation and your Nung pumutok naman yung pinatubo
community when the Mt. Pinatubo marami naman tumulong. Sa isang araw nga
erupted?
sampong NGO’s nga yung tumutulong.
Kumpleto na yon, lahat nandon na tsinela,
mga sardinas. Basta lahat kumpleto na.
Depende sa pamilya mo kung ilang kayo.
Tapos nag punta kami don sa tent city na,
295 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ganon din. Pero nung kailan lang, pero na
lang ang suporta samin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Meron na iwan don. Mga matanda ayaw
were forcibly evacuated from their umalis. Pero nung delikado na doon sa baryo
lands; since you are a survivor of the namin umalis naman. May bundok naman
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, don nakapaligid kaya hindi na ano.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kailan lang po nandon kami. Doon kasi
abandon their small villages after the kumukuha ng data ang barangay. Doon kami
eruption. What drives you back to na tutulog. May bahay naman don at
your land even after the eruption eskwelahan. Tsaka ang pinatubo ngayon
damages it?
(11)
tourist spot na.
Based on your experience, Noon kasi talagang suportado. Yung mga
how did the impact of the Mt. NGO’s naman talagang di binitawan kami.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Ang dami talaga tumulong na NGO’s noon
living (the traditional use of natural samin. Pero malaking tulong din yung pag
resources) by the Aeta people in putok kasi marami din nakapag aral dito kasi
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the doon wala hanggang grade 6 lang. Yung mga
eruption?
lalake naman nag trabaho sa maynila. Pero
nung pag putok naman nung pinatubo kinuha
din naman yung mga lalake para mag linis
nung mga bubong doon sa bayan. Yung care
na corporation.
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Wala, ganon talaga, wala naman ma gagawa
respond or cope with the effects of
eh. Nag trabaho lang talaga. Yung nanay ko
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
bumalik sa baitan.
(13)
What is your way of living
Kahit papano nakakakain ng tatlong beses sa
now? Does your community do the
isang
beses.
Yung
sa
baitan,
mas
same?
mayayaman po sila ngayon samin. Nag
tatanim sila ng gabe tapos ibebenta sa bayan.
Sa
isang
benta
nila
nakaka
80,000.
296 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Mayayaman ang mga aeta ngayon doon.
Halos lahat sila ngayon may mga motor na.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Kung ma ibabablik, mas maganda yung dati.
living now? Do you still want to
Kasi natural lahat doon. Ngayon ang hirap
practice your authentic traditional
na, ngayon bibili ka ng bigas. Doon sa
food gathering methods?
baitan, yung palay tanim mo at aanihin mo
lang para may makain.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Nag tatrabaho po dito sa barangay.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
Nag bigay po sila nung pabahay. Una nila
LGUs have been reached your family binigay yung kawayan pang buo ng nipa hut.
or your tribe for any form of help?
Tapos yero na anim na piraso. Tapos gamit
(If yes, what are those?)
sa bahay.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman po madam. Pinapabalik na
Aeta people from returning to their talaga kami. Kaya lang yung iba po, ayaw ng
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know bumalik. Pero ako, mas willing ako talaga na
the reason why?)
bumalik talaga sa baitan kasi po andon po
yung sarili namin lupa na tinataniman.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Okay naman po. Nakaraos naman po kami.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Na ibalik naman na ngayon. Yung bukid
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan talaga ang hindi na maibalik. Maganda sana
before the eruption happened so that madam kaso mahirap yon.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
297 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kahit ngayon po na tataniman na naman po
this research, are you contented to don kaso nga lang po kami dito na po kami
fully adapt to the modern way of naka tira dahil nag aaral din yung anak
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or namin dito at may trabaho naman na po kami
reestablish the traditional use of dito sa barangay.
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Ayon, transportation, at kalsada.
this research, do you have any
recommendations that will contribute
to our study?
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Glenda Basa
Age
53
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Hindi na ma-ipaliwanag yon eh. Dumilim na
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo lahat. Yung mga bahay, at bukid na wala na
eruption affect the biodiversity in lahat. Pero on the spot naman may nag hakot
Botolan, Zambales?
na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, at manok. Karamihan kasi
the species that you have commonly mga hayop ang namatay don.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Yung tatay ko kasi yung talaga nag
or fished by the Aeta people before huhunting. Mga baboy damo at usa. Pero
the eruption?
ngayon meron pa din sa bundok.
298 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Paco, gabe, kamoteng kahoy, baging, at
the Aeta people gathered before the ampalaya na ligay. Sabidukong meron din,
eruption?
parang bulaklak siya pero baging talaga siya
at doon lang tumutubo yon dito hindi.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Maganda buhay doon sa baitan. May bukid,
community before Mt. Pinatubo di mo na proproblemahin yung bigas mo.
erupted?
Masarap kainin kasi di mo na lalagyan ng
kung ano ano. Hindi kagaya dito… Kasi
doon, halimbawa, mag luto kami ng
dalawang gatang tapos punta na kami para
mangisda.
Hindi
namin
pinoproblema
pagkain. Problema lang namin pang bili ng
asin. Kung may bigas ka palit namin sa asin.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Hindi na. Doon sa eastern na ngingisda pa
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? din. Gumagawa pa din kami ng basket doon.
Do you still do it now?
(7) How do you gather food before the May mga nag titinda pa din naman don, kaso
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it mahal… Ngayon, mga tinatanim na nila
now?
tapos binebenta na dito yung mga ligaw na
gulay.
(8) How was your situation and your Nung pumutok naman yung pinatubo
community when the Mt. Pinatubo marami naman tumulong. Sa isang araw nga
erupted?
sampong NGO’s nga yung tumutulong.
Kumpleto na yon, lahat nandon na tsinela,
mga sardinas. Basta lahat kumpleto na.
Depende sa pamilya mo kung ilang kayo.
Tapos nag punta kami don sa tent city na,
ganon din. Pero nung kailan lang, pero na
lang ang suporta samin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Meron na iwan don. Mga matanda ayaw
were forcibly evacuated from their umalis. Pero nung delikado na doon sa baryo
lands; since you are a survivor of the namin umalis naman. May bundok naman
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, don nakapaligid kaya hindi na ano.
299 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kailan lang po nandon kami. Doon kasi
abandon their small villages after the kumukuha ng data ang barangay. Doon kami
eruption. What drives you back to na tutulog. May bahay naman don at
your land even after the eruption eskwelahan. Tsaka ang pinatubo ngayon
damages it?
(11)
tourist spot na.
Based on your experience, Noon kasi talagang suportado. Yung mga
how did the impact of the Mt. NGO’s naman talagang di binitawan kami.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Ang dami talaga tumulong na NGO’s noon
living (the traditional use of natural samin. Pero malaking tulong din yung pag
resources) by the Aeta people in putok kasi marami din nakapag aral dito kasi
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the doon wala hanggang grade 6 lang. Yung mga
eruption?
lalake naman nag trabaho sa maynila. Pero
nung pag putok naman nung pinatubo kinuha
din naman yung mga lalake para mag linis
nung mga bubong doon sa bayan. Yung care
na corporation.
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Wala, ganon talaga, wala naman ma gagawa
respond or cope with the effects of
eh. Nag trabaho lang talaga. Yung nanay ko
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
bumalik sa baitan.
(13)
What is your way of living
Kahit papano nakakakain ng tatlong beses sa
now? Does your community do the
isang
beses.
Yung
sa
baitan,
mas
same?
mayayaman po sila ngayon samin. Nag
tatanim sila ng gabe tapos ibebenta sa bayan.
Sa
isang
benta
nila
nakaka
80,000.
Mayayaman ang mga aeta ngayon doon.
Halos lahat sila ngayon may mga motor na.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Kung ma ibabablik, mas maganda yung dati.
living now? Do you still want to
Kasi natural lahat doon. Ngayon ang hirap
practice your authentic traditional
na, ngayon bibili ka ng bigas. Doon sa
food gathering methods?
baitan, yung palay tanim mo at aanihin mo
lang para may makain.
300 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Nag tatrabaho po dito sa barangay.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
Nag bigay po sila nung pabahay. Una nila
LGUs have been reached your family binigay yung kawayan pang buo ng nipa hut.
or your tribe for any form of help?
Tapos yero na anim na piraso. Tapos gamit
(If yes, what are those?)
sa bahay.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman po madam. Pinapabalik na
Aeta people from returning to their talaga kami. Kaya lang yung iba po, ayaw ng
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know bumalik. Pero ako, mas willing ako talaga na
the reason why?)
bumalik talaga sa baitan kasi po andon po
yung sarili namin lupa na tinataniman.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Okay naman po. Nakaraos naman po kami.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Na ibalik naman na ngayon. Yung bukid
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan talaga ang hindi na maibalik. Maganda sana
before the eruption happened so that madam kaso mahirap yon.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kahit ngayon po na tataniman na naman po
this research, are you contented to don kaso nga lang po kami dito na po kami
fully adapt to the modern way of naka tira dahil nag aaral din yung anak
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or namin dito at may trabaho naman na po kami
reestablish the traditional use of dito sa barangay.
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Ayon, transportation, at kalsada.
this research, do you have any
301 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
recommendations that will contribute
to our study?
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Ederlina Dulan Dulan
Age
55
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Hindi na ma-ipaliwanag yon eh. Dumilim na
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo lahat. Yung mga bahay, at bukid na wala na
eruption affect the biodiversity in lahat. Pero on the spot naman may nag hakot
Botolan, Zambales?
na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, at manok. Karamihan kasi
the species that you have commonly mga hayop ang namatay don.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Yung tatay ko kasi yung talaga nag
or fished by the Aeta people before huhunting. Mga baboy damo at usa. Pero
the eruption?
ngayon meron pa din sa bundok.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Paco, gabe, kamoteng kahoy, baging, at
the Aeta people gathered before the ampalaya na ligay. Sabidukong meron din,
eruption?
parang bulaklak siya pero baging talaga siya
at doon lang tumutubo yon dito hindi.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Maganda buhay doon sa baitan. May bukid,
community before Mt. Pinatubo di mo na proproblemahin yung bigas mo.
erupted?
Masarap kainin kasi di mo na lalagyan ng
kung ano ano. Hindi kagaya dito… Kasi
doon, halimbawa, mag luto kami ng
dalawang gatang tapos punta na kami para
302 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
mangisda.
Hindi
namin
pinoproblema
pagkain. Problema lang namin pang bili ng
asin. Kung may bigas ka palit namin sa asin.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Hindi na. Doon sa eastern na ngingisda pa
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? din. Gumagawa pa din kami ng basket doon.
Do you still do it now?
(7) How do you gather food before the May mga nag titinda pa din naman don, kaso
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it mahal… Ngayon, mga tinatanim na nila
now?
tapos binebenta na dito yung mga ligaw na
gulay.
(8) How was your situation and your Nung pumutok naman yung pinatubo
community when the Mt. Pinatubo marami naman tumulong. Sa isang araw nga
erupted?
sampong NGO’s nga yung tumutulong.
Kumpleto na yon, lahat nandon na tsinela,
mga sardinas. Basta lahat kumpleto na.
Depende sa pamilya mo kung ilang kayo.
Tapos nag punta kami don sa tent city na,
ganon din. Pero nung kailan lang, pero na
lang ang suporta samin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Meron na iwan don. Mga matanda ayaw
were forcibly evacuated from their umalis. Pero nung delikado na doon sa baryo
lands; since you are a survivor of the namin umalis naman. May bundok naman
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, don nakapaligid kaya hindi na ano.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kailan lang po nandon kami. Doon kasi
abandon their small villages after the kumukuha ng data ang barangay. Doon kami
eruption. What drives you back to na tutulog. May bahay naman don at
your land even after the eruption eskwelahan. Tsaka ang pinatubo ngayon
damages it?
(11)
tourist spot na.
Based on your experience, Noon kasi talagang suportado. Yung mga
how did the impact of the Mt. NGO’s naman talagang di binitawan kami.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Ang dami talaga tumulong na NGO’s noon
303 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
living (the traditional use of natural samin. Pero malaking tulong din yung pag
resources) by the Aeta people in putok kasi marami din nakapag aral dito kasi
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the doon wala hanggang grade 6 lang. Yung mga
eruption?
lalake naman nag trabaho sa maynila. Pero
nung pag putok naman nung pinatubo kinuha
din naman yung mga lalake para mag linis
nung mga bubong doon sa bayan. Yung care
na corporation.
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Wala, ganon talaga, wala naman ma gagawa
respond or cope with the effects of
eh. Nag trabaho lang talaga. Yung nanay ko
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
bumalik sa baitan.
(13)
What is your way of living
Kahit papano nakakakain ng tatlong beses sa
now? Does your community do the
isang
beses.
Yung
sa
baitan,
mas
same?
mayayaman po sila ngayon samin. Nag
tatanim sila ng gabe tapos ibebenta sa bayan.
Sa
isang
benta
nila
nakaka
80,000.
Mayayaman ang mga aeta ngayon doon.
Halos lahat sila ngayon may mga motor na.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Kung ma ibabablik, mas maganda yung dati.
living now? Do you still want to
Kasi natural lahat doon. Ngayon ang hirap
practice your authentic traditional
na, ngayon bibili ka ng bigas. Doon sa
food gathering methods?
baitan, yung palay tanim mo at aanihin mo
lang para may makain.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Nag tatrabaho po dito sa barangay.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
Nag bigay po sila nung pabahay. Una nila
LGUs have been reached your family binigay yung kawayan pang buo ng nipa hut.
or your tribe for any form of help?
Tapos yero na anim na piraso. Tapos gamit
(If yes, what are those?)
sa bahay.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman po madam. Pinapabalik na
Aeta people from returning to their talaga kami. Kaya lang yung iba po, ayaw ng
bumalik. Pero ako, mas willing ako talaga na
304 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know bumalik talaga sa baitan kasi po andon po
the reason why?)
(18)
yung sarili namin lupa na tinataniman.
What can you say about the Okay naman po. Nakaraos naman po kami.
post
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Na ibalik naman na ngayon. Yung bukid
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan talaga ang hindi na maibalik. Maganda sana
before the eruption happened so that madam kaso mahirap yon.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kahit ngayon po na tataniman na naman po
this research, are you contented to don kaso nga lang po kami dito na po kami
fully adapt to the modern way of naka tira dahil nag aaral din yung anak
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or namin dito at may trabaho naman na po kami
reestablish the traditional use of dito sa barangay.
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Ayon, transportation, at kalsada.
this research, do you have any
recommendations that will contribute
to our study?
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
MORAZA
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Ertisa Dela Cruz
Age
60
Gender
Female
305 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Hindi na ma-ipaliwanag yon eh. Dumilim na
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo lahat. Yung mga bahay, at bukid na wala na
eruption affect the biodiversity in lahat. Pero on the spot naman may nag hakot
Botolan, Zambales?
na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, at manok. Karamihan kasi
the species that you have commonly mga hayop ang namatay don.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Yung tatay ko kasi yung talaga nag
or fished by the Aeta people before huhunting. Mga baboy damo at usa. Pero
the eruption?
ngayon meron pa din sa bundok.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Paco, gabe, kamoteng kahoy, baging, at
the Aeta people gathered before the ampalaya na ligay. Sabidukong meron din,
eruption?
parang bulaklak siya pero baging talaga siya
at doon lang tumutubo yon dito hindi.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Maganda buhay doon sa baitan. May bukid,
community before Mt. Pinatubo di mo na proproblemahin yung bigas mo.
erupted?
Masarap kainin kasi di mo na lalagyan ng
kung ano ano. Hindi kagaya dito… Kasi
doon, halimbawa, mag luto kami ng
dalawang gatang tapos punta na kami para
mangisda.
Hindi
namin
pinoproblema
pagkain. Problema lang namin pang bili ng
asin. Kung may bigas ka palit namin sa asin.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Hindi na. Doon sa eastern na ngingisda pa
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? din. Gumagawa pa din kami ng basket doon.
Do you still do it now?
(7) How do you gather food before the May mga nag titinda pa din naman don, kaso
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it mahal… Ngayon, mga tinatanim na nila
now?
tapos binebenta na dito yung mga ligaw na
gulay.
306 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(8) How was your situation and your Nung pumutok naman yung pinatubo
community when the Mt. Pinatubo marami naman tumulong. Sa isang araw nga
sampong NGO’s nga yung tumutulong.
erupted?
Kumpleto na yon, lahat nandon na tsinela,
mga sardinas. Basta lahat kumpleto na.
Depende sa pamilya mo kung ilang kayo.
Tapos nag punta kami don sa tent city na,
ganon din. Pero nung kailan lang, pero na
lang ang suporta samin.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Meron na iwan don. Mga matanda ayaw
were forcibly evacuated from their umalis. Pero nung delikado na doon sa baryo
lands; since you are a survivor of the namin umalis naman. May bundok naman
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, don nakapaligid kaya hindi na ano.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kailan lang po nandon kami. Doon kasi
abandon their small villages after the kumukuha ng data ang barangay. Doon kami
eruption. What drives you back to na tutulog. May bahay naman don at
your land even after the eruption eskwelahan. Tsaka ang pinatubo ngayon
damages it?
(11)
tourist spot na.
Based on your experience, Noon kasi talagang suportado. Yung mga
how did the impact of the Mt. NGO’s naman talagang di binitawan kami.
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of Ang dami talaga tumulong na NGO’s noon
living (the traditional use of natural samin. Pero malaking tulong din yung pag
resources) by the Aeta people in putok kasi marami din nakapag aral dito kasi
Botolan,
eruption?
Zambales,
after
the doon wala hanggang grade 6 lang. Yung mga
lalake naman nag trabaho sa maynila. Pero
nung pag putok naman nung pinatubo kinuha
din naman yung mga lalake para mag linis
nung mga bubong doon sa bayan. Yung care
na corporation.
307 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Wala, ganon talaga, wala naman ma gagawa
respond or cope with the effects of
eh. Nag trabaho lang talaga. Yung nanay ko
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
bumalik sa baitan.
(13)
What is your way of living
Kahit papano nakakakain ng tatlong beses sa
now? Does your community do the
isang
beses.
Yung
sa
baitan,
mas
same?
mayayaman po sila ngayon samin. Nag
tatanim sila ng gabe tapos ibebenta sa bayan.
Sa
isang
benta
nila
nakaka
80,000.
Mayayaman ang mga aeta ngayon doon.
Halos lahat sila ngayon may mga motor na.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Kung ma ibabablik, mas maganda yung dati.
living now? Do you still want to
Kasi natural lahat doon. Ngayon ang hirap
practice your authentic traditional
na, ngayon bibili ka ng bigas. Doon sa
food gathering methods?
baitan, yung palay tanim mo at aanihin mo
lang para may makain.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Nag tatrabaho po dito sa barangay.
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
people provide for their daily needs?
(16)
Does the government or the
Nag bigay po sila nung pabahay. Una nila
LGUs have been reached your family binigay yung kawayan pang buo ng nipa hut.
or your tribe for any form of help?
Tapos yero na anim na piraso. Tapos gamit
(If yes, what are those?)
sa bahay.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman po madam. Pinapabalik na
Aeta people from returning to their talaga kami. Kaya lang yung iba po, ayaw ng
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know bumalik. Pero ako, mas willing ako talaga na
the reason why?)
bumalik talaga sa baitan kasi po andon po
yung sarili namin lupa na tinataniman.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Okay naman po. Nakaraos naman po kami.
recovery
program
the
government did? Did it went well for
you and the community?
308 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Na ibalik naman na ngayon. Yung bukid
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan talaga ang hindi na maibalik. Maganda sana
before the eruption happened so that madam kaso mahirap yon.
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kahit ngayon po na tataniman na naman po
this research, are you contented to don kaso nga lang po kami dito na po kami
fully adapt to the modern way of naka tira dahil nag aaral din yung anak
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or namin dito at may trabaho naman na po kami
reestablish the traditional use of dito sa barangay.
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Ayon, transportation, at kalsada.
this research, do you have any
recommendations that will contribute
to our study?
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Lorena Jullano
Age
37
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yung ano lang talaga madam yung nakita ko
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo talaga yung mausok, tapos po yung mga isda
eruption affect the biodiversity in lumulutang talaga yung may lahar po talaga
Botolan, Zambales?
ano yun eh. Tapos madam yung sinakay ng
ano sa ano, talagang makikita mo talaga
309 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
yung buhangin. Umuusok siya. Yun talaga
yung parang nasunog, nagiging uling,
kaingin.
Ganon
ang
nangyari
diba
napapanood naman sa…
(2) Based on your observation, what are Siguro madam yung mga kambing, ganyan,
the species that you have commonly baboy, di na nailikas.
encountered before that have been
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Yung ano lang po madam, yung parang
or fished by the Aeta people before asero, yung pinapana, mga tilapia madam.
the eruption?
Yung lumulusong po madam tas pinapana sa
ilalim.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Ano po madam talaga yung Kamoteng
the Aeta people gathered before the Kahoy, saging yung mga gabi.
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Okay naman po madam, di naman madam
community before Mt. Pinatubo masasabing masagana.
erupted?
(6) What traditional practices do you do Pero
madam
wala
na
kami
maano,
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? nakikitanim na lang. Tapos nag aano
Do you still do it now?
nagbebenta.
(7) How do you gather food before the Kagaya ng tahong, hinuhuli. Sa ilog,
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it pinapalit yung tahong sa bigas. Syempre
now?
yung iba walang maulam, palit bigas na lang
po.
(8) How was your situation and your Ganito pa rin po madam, pag ganon ganon
community when the Mt. Pinatubo madam, nandon po yung nanay ko saka tatay
erupted?
ko doon pa rin sila nakatira. Nandoon pa rin
ako tuwing pasko.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Yung iba po kasi madam ayaw ng umalis,
were forcibly evacuated from their kasi hindi na nila inisip yung sarili nila,
lands; since you are a survivor of the inisip nila yung hanapbuhay nila. Kasi
310 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, madam sa ilog makita mo talaga yung isda,
what is your perspective on the others nagulat po kami kusa na lang sila namamatay
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
dahil mainit po yung tubig.
Most of the Aeta people Doon po talaga madam, doon po yung ano
abandon their small villages after the namin, pag halimbawa po madam yung
eruption. What drives you back to nanay ko nagaani po siya ng gabi, tapos dito
your land even after the eruption pagala gala dito ibebenta.
damages it?
(11)
Based on your experience, Talaga po madam, talagang epekto talaga,
how did the impact of the Mt. syempre madam yung kinabubuhay namin
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of doon, edi sana wala kami dito talagang doon
living (the traditional use of natural kami. Nagbago talaga. Nagbenta, kami
resources) by the Aeta people in nakilaba. Mahal pamasahe.
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Ayun nga po madam napunta kami dito,
respond or cope with the effects of
palipat lipa po kami, naging okay na din
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
madam kasi yun na yun eh di mo na mabago
nangyari. Tinanggap na lang po madam pero
ngayon po nabuhay nanaman yung eastern
kaya bumabalik kami.
(13)
What is your way of living
Kasi madam di ko masabing okay kasi
now? Does your community do the
minsan dumadating ka din sa pagsubok,
same?
dahil syempre pag wala ka talagang iisipin
mo yan.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Opo, yung asawa ko madam, may ano pa rin
living now? Do you still want to
kami, nagpapana ng ibon, airgun. Hanggang
practice your authentic traditional
ngayon po madam kasi may ano pa rin kami
food gathering methods?
ng isda. Hanggang ngayon po madam parang
may namumuhay pa rin gaya sa bundok dati.
Iba talaga doon, kasi doon pag nandoon ako
wala ako ganong iniisip kasi di ako naiistress
sa pera.
311 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Labor, Service, pag may nagtanggap po
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
madam
sa
building
kukunin
sila.
people provide for their daily needs?
Nagtatanim, pag araw ng tanim, pagganito
naggapas, pag walang trabaho madam
naggapas.
(16)
Does the government or the
Ah oo madam, lagi po kami tinutulungan,
LGUs have been reached your
netong nakaraan nung tagulan may pabigas
family or your tribe for any form of
sila, malaking tulong po talaga madam.
help? (If yes, what are those?)
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Hindi naman yata madam, hindi po, kasi
Aeta people from returning to their maayos na din po don madam, parang ganito,
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know Nadevelop na, pero di katulad dati kasi
the reason why?)
nawasak talaga, dinaanan ng lahar naging
ano na siya naging iba na siya di kagaya dati
kasi nawasak nga ng lahar diba.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Malaking tulong po madam para sakin,
recovery
program
the kagaya po nung 20 pesos na bigas, masaya
government did? Did it went well for na kami doon. Tuwing tagulan po kasi
you and the community?
(19)
malaking tulong.
Our study aims to bring back Syempre madam di maiwasan na halo halo
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan na yung tao kasi yung iba nagtatrabaho
before the eruption happened so that makakapangasawa ng ano, dahil dito samin
the Aeta people will reclaim their mix na talaga yung tao. Diba sa iba
culture
by bringing
back
their maraming badjao madam diba parang ganon
traditional use of natural resources din dito.
and turning the ancestral lands into a Oo madam para sakin gusto kong maibalik
nature reserve community. What is yung dati.
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of Kontento na po, saakin naman po madam
this research, are you contented to parang kontento na din ako kahit paapano
fully adapt to the modern way of dahil nararaos pagaaral ng anak ko. Parang
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or nakapagsimula na rin kami kahit papaano.
Madam kailangan tanggapin.
312 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Yung ano po siguro madam, gusto ko yung
this research, do you have any ano makapagtayo ng school talaga yung
recommendations that will contribute pang ano talaga parang gusto ko ilipat yung
to our study?
anak ko madam doon. Dahil dito sobrang
gastos.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Augosto Balitay
Age
68
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
Tribal Chieftain
(1) Based on your observation, how did unang una may busina na po siya yung Mt
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo Pinatubo yung usok, itim na tapos yung
eruption affect the biodiversity in kapaligiran madilim na siya, may ashflow na
Botolan, Zambales?
siya, halos lahat nalusaw. Ngayon nung
hinakot na kami ng dumptruck, meron
naiwan, isang pamilya naiwan siya sa
moraza, kasi ayaw niyang iwanan yung
morazza dun na lang daw siya mamamatay
di na siya umalis.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Mga baka, kalabaw, kambing, manok, lahat
the species that you have commonly po, baboy, kabayo, opo lahat na ng mga
encountered before that have been hayop namin doon naiwan na.
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Nangangaso maam, baboy damo at saka usa.
or fished by the Aeta people before Isda naman po hito ganyan, bulig, igat.
the eruption?
313 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Ube, kamote, kamoteng kahoy, saging, yan
the Aeta people gathered before the lang yung mostly mga kinakain namin doon.
eruption?
Malimit maam ang ulam, asin na lang.
(5) How was your life with the Aeta May bukid kami doon, nangbubugaw ng
community before Mt. Pinatubo apuang yung itim yung kumakain ng palay.
erupted?
Doon sa bukid namin nakaschedule na mga
nagbubugaw. Ngayon nung time na yon ang
laki maam ng naaani di kami namomroblema
sa bigas dahil syempre yung bigas talaga
yung naano namin is 100 sack talaga pag
sinuswerte dahil maganda talaga ang tubo
dahil maganda ang lupa. Ngayon umaasa na
lang kami sa gobyerno.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Nakikitanim na lang po saamin, pero ngayon
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? maam naistop na kami. Meron paring
Do you still do it now?
nangangaso maam, hinuhuli nila usa, baboy
damo, malaking ahas.
(7) How do you gather food before the Opo ginagawa pa rin po. Pinapalit po namin
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it ng bigas, yung saging diba magbebenta ka
now?
ngayon itatapat mo dyan sa bahay tapos
papalitan ng bigas.
(8) How was your situation and your Nagdadamayan din kami maam, ang aeta
community when the Mt. Pinatubo kasi di madamot maam kung ano na yung
erupted?
kasya sa isang pamilya ipapamahagi pa.
Hindi nila gagalawin ang dala hanggat di
sinasabi. Respetado ang Aeta. Hindi gaya ng
ibang mga lugar, pag nakakita may naiwan
di binabalik.
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Ang ano po kasi maam, ayaw nilang, sa
were forcibly evacuated from their kahirapan ng buhay, ayaw nilang iwanan
lands; since you are a survivor of the kahit kubo lang ang bahay dahil doon ang
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, kinagisnan nila, ayaw nila, kasi pag ganon
din talaga, kultura, doon sila mamamatay.
314 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
what is your perspective on the others Kung halimbawa nagkasala ka sa isang aeta,
that stayed to protect their homes?
aeta ako aeta yung napagkasalaan ko, di
pwedeng demandahan dyan may mga dote.
Halimbawa, ako, ang pinagusapan ng kultura
ay dote na lang, ikaw ang dote mo sakin
isang sakong bigas isang buong baboy para
sa pamilya, inuuna ang pamilya. May
paniniwala sila, may tradition talaga ang
mga aeta. May dasal sila, ibang iba ang mga
dasal nila satin. Diba may pameeting ang
mga IPs ganyan, Dororo ang tawag doon sa
panalangin. Pinapanalangin ng aeta yung
dororo. Kalimitan kasi dito ang mga aetas
nakapagpastor na. Lahat pastor na. Kaya
magaling na din magsalita. Pero dati
naniniwala sila sa anita, hanggang ngayon,
may mga manggagamot. Halimbawa di nila
makuha sa doktor idadaan nila yan sa anito.
Papaanito siya, bakit nagkasakit siya, ano
nagawa niya, Paniniwala di nawawala yung
mga kultura. Hanggang sa mga bagay na,
ako nagaayos ng mga katutubo, halimbawa
mga desisyon ng kapitan namin halimbawa
ang desisyon ay pagkasundo may mga dote,
bago ka dumating sa kasunduan na yon may
papatayin munang mga hayop. Halimbawa,
ako lalaki yung anak ko, nakipagusap muna
ako sa magulang ng babae, pagdating doon,
ang gusto ko sakanya is bigyan mo ko ng
isang baboy isang sakong bigas, saka yung
baboy may patong na isang libo. Kanila lang
iba pa yung usapan sa kasal. Yung mga talipi
dance, dyan sa mga ano, nagagawa din sila
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ng kagaya ng telon, gumagawa sila. Ngayon
kasi
narerecognize
na
nila
yung
sa
kabihasnan natin, di gaya noon na parang
natututo na din sila sa kultura ng tagalog.
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Mas mahirap ang buhay dito maam, doon
abandon their small villages after the kasi, di binibili ang ulam, basta may bigas ka
eruption. What drives you back to nandoon na yung halaman mo kukuha ka ng
your land even after the eruption puso ng saging pwede ka na kumain, dito
damages it?
maam di ka maano dahil binibili mo din,
Lahat maam binibili mo dito. Kamote kami,
alam mo maam yan saging nilalagyan ng
tanglad
yan
sinasaing
binabalatan,
nilalagyan ng asin, nilagyan ng betsin,
nilagyan ng betsin, masarap na yun sakanila.
Dati maam may gilingan ang villar nawala
na nung naano yung bulkan nasama sa lahar.
Ngayon magtanim magayos ng bukid,
halimbawa malambot siya pwede mo ng
ayusin para may bukid para may taniman ka
na.
(11)
Based on your experience, Kami rin maam dahil syempre sa kahirapan
how did the impact of the Mt. ng buhay. Magtanim ng saging, maggagasak
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of para may maitinda dito, kasi pagdating dito
living (the traditional use of natural medyo mahal doon kasi hinihingi lang. Kasi
resources) by the Aeta people in ako, mahirap na bumalik kasi syempre LGU
Botolan,
eruption?
Zambales,
after
the na ang ano ko, yung mister ko kada linggo
nandoon siya. Yung ahas kinakain dyan.
Nakakahuli sila yung parang musang yung
parang pusa, inuulam yun. Pati maam yung
unggoy parang tao, unggoy inuulam doon.
Yung musang parang pusa siya, bayawak
ganyan, hanggang ngayon, yung ibon yung
paniki, yan, mga exotic foods yan ang
316 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
inuulam doon sa baitan, talagang ano sa
bundok. Wala silang pinapalagpas.
Kasi malaki na bagay po, kasi yung yung
pananim mo doon nasira ng lahar, natabunan
lahat nadaanan ng lahar, yung bahay dyan sa
villar ang layo ng distansya. Hindi gaya noon
na dikit dikit na ganito, ngayon ang lalayo na
nila ng bahay namin, ang hirap na din
akyatin dahil syempre bundok yun, parang
bundok na siya, tubig mahirap din. Tapos
saka sa baitan awa ng Diyos din may
tumulong sa villar, na kalahi, sa DSWD
tumulong sa villar, ngayon po nagkaroon ng
water doon, source ng solar po, gripo na siya
maam.
(12)
How did the Aeta people
Ayaw man sa gusto namin maam mahirap
respond or cope with the effects of
tanggapin, dahil unang una ang paniniwala
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
namin, paano kami magsimula dito ngayon.
Nagpunta po kami sa evacuation, syempre
ang dami nga maam namatay dahil sa suka’t
tae, dahil sa tubig, madumi maam. Dahil
kinakarga kami binabagsak kami dito sa san
juan, parang pandemic siya, sa sikip na
talaga, kahit utot mo na mririnig mo sa ano
eh, dahil sa sikip nga ng tent. Tapos nilikas
nanaman kami, dinala kami doon sa palauig,
nong nagawa itong resettlement pinaghanap
na kami, sige maghanap kayo ng pwesto
niyo dito sa resettlement. Naghanap po kami,
nagtabas, hanggang sa nagkubo kami dito.
Naghanapbuhay yung mister ko dahil
karpintero siya at mason.
May nagaano
magpagawa dito sa bayan. Nakakamove on
317 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
na kami doon, pero sa una pa lang naming
salta ang hirap kasi di namin nadala bahay
namin, kahit papano may yero din yon
pinagsikapan namin, pero ang ano nga doon
kahit isang kudkod ng bigas di nakapagdala.
Bawat kargada isang dangkal kami siksikan
lilikas nanaman kami balik nanaman siya,
ulti mo aso talaga di madala, damit mo lang
na nasa katawan.
(13)
What is your way of living
Ngayon nakamove on na nakapagtrabaho na,
now? Does your community do the
unti unti ng gamit. Pero nagtitiis pa rin dahil
same?
syempre maam wala kaming bukid dito.
Okay naman po sila maam compatible na din
sila. Dito rin sila pero yung iba bumalik
doon.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Sa ngayon naman maam, mas maganda na
living now? Do you still want to
ngayon kesa noon. Kasi ngayon, syempre
practice your authentic traditional
maam doon ang hirap mong iahon yung
food gathering methods?
paninda mo, iisang byahe parag ano siya
ilang oras mo hintayin. Mamamatay na nga
ang pasyente di mo pa madala sa ospital sa
layo, walang facilities. Iisang weapon, kung
bumalik siya dito bukas nanaman siya
dadating. Naglalakad kami maam, ang layo.
Hanggang ngayon, pumunta kami ng baitan
lakad. Alam mo maam kung umalis kami
dito ngayon dadating pa kami alis dyis ng
gabi. Ang teacher doon nahihirapan din,
dahil katutubo ang tinuturuan nila at
katutubo rin sila.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Hanggang ngayon pumuputok pa rin pero di
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
na gaanong kalakas. Maraming nakatira
people provide for their daily needs?
doon na tao, nandoon sila sa bunganga dahil
318 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
may lawa na, ang laki ng tilapia na
nabibingwit nila. Hanggang ngayon, doon sa
taas at saka dito sa baba, malalaking isda,
bulig at saka yung madulas na isa yung
malaki, mahaba parang ahas, yung igat.
Malalaki maam yung nakukuha na isda, na
tinitinda rin mura pa 25 each. Nagtitinda sila
kinabubuhay don sa taas kung masipag ka
may maaani ka pero kung tamad ka wala,
hihingi ka ng saging.
Minsan umaano kami sa mga donation, na
umaabot saamin. LGU at NGO.
(16)
Does the government or the
Kagaya ng mga donation, halimbawa mga
LGUs have been reached your family pagkain,
mga
gamot.
Kagaya
ng
or your tribe for any form of help?
pangkaraniwan na paracetamol, mefenamic,
(If yes, what are those?)
lagundi amoxicillin. Humingi ng sustento sa
LGU, nagbibigay naman po.
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Oo maam dahil doon talaga ang kinagisnan
Aeta people from returning to their nila, kasi dito maam, pag pumunta ang aeta
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know pinagtatawanan
the reason why?)
lalo
kung
nakabahag.
Nasanay na din yung mga taga baba na
nakakakita sila ng nakabahag.
Hindi naman pinipigilan kasi doon ang
kinabubuhay
nila
talaga,
parag
pinagkukumpara nila ang buhay dito at doon.
Kasi kung masipag ka talaga kakain ka,
masipag kang mangaso maguulam ka may
paninda ka pa na baboy. Pag dating dito,
ginagala na namin dito.
(18)
post
What can you say about the Napakalaking salamat namin dahil syempre
recovery
program
the kung wala sila wala din kami sa ganitong
government did? Did it went well for sitwasyon.
you and the community?
319 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Malaking pasasalamat maam, dahil para isa
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan kayong tulay para maging maayos ang mga
before the eruption happened so that aeta magkaroon ng mga sariling pamumuhay
the Aeta people will reclaim their na mas maganda na ikakaunlad namin.
culture
by bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of N/A
this research, are you contented to
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Gusto namin maam siguro ng taniman,
this research, do you have any parang yung maibenta namin sa baba.
recommendations that will contribute Livelihood program. May mga gumagawa
to our study?
ng bilao, basket. Para di lang panggagasak
ang magagawa nila, para pangkabuhayan
makakatulong
din
sakanila
syempre
nagpapaaral din sila kahit mga aeta sila.
Kahit aeta sila may education din mga anak.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Rosie Balintay
Age
55
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
320 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yun nga madam nawala na yung mga
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo kabahayan, yung mga taniman, taniman ng
eruption affect the biodiversity in palay nasira na. Yung mga puno natabunan.
Botolan, Zambales?
Yung ilog naging lahar, lahat naging lahar
pero unti unti na po tayo bumabalik ngayon
nadevelop na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, manok lahat lahat ng hayop
the species that you have commonly naiwan doon, natabunan dahil walang
encountered before that have been masakyan.
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Oo nangangaso, nahuhuli ng usa, baboy
or fished by the Aeta people before ramo, ibon. Daga ng palay kinakain parang
the eruption?
koneho. Hipon, paliya yung madulas, may
bunod pa. Palaka yung dati hindi bull frog,
may native doon na kinakain na native
palaka tsaka yung talagang palaka.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Nagtatanim ng kamote, palay.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Masaya doon kasi di kami bumibili ng
community before Mt. Pinatubo kuwan eh dito puro pera ang kailangan dito,
erupted?
pag wala kang pera wala.
Okay
naman
madam
nagtatanim,
nangangaso yung tatay ko.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Ginagawa pa rin naghahanap dyan ng ano
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? kamote, aakyat pa rin para magtanim ng
Do you still do it now?
kamote para may makain.
Nagtitinda ng inaani para may pangbili ng
asin.
(7) How do you gather food before the Di na ngangaso. Nakikiupa na lang sa tanim.
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it
now?
321 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(8) How was your situation and your N/A
community when the Mt. Pinatubo
erupted?
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa villar wala talang ano sa villar. Ngayon
were forcibly evacuated from their lang ano, talagang naano talaga. Nakakaawa,
lands; since you are a survivor of the nagsakripisyo sila para maprotektahan yung
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, mga hayop doon.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kasi may mga kamaganak doon, binibisita
abandon their small villages after the sila. Nagtatanim din doon para babalik yung
eruption. What drives you back to kabuhayan dati sa baitan. Pag ano, ngayon
your land even after the eruption babalik nanaman don pagtagulan mahirap
damages it?
(11)
bumalik kasi malalim yung ilog eh.
Based on your experience, Malaki ano madam kasi yung ano di na kami
how did the impact of the Mt. bumibili dati ng mga ano namin, ang binibili
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of lang yung asin. Ay ngayon lahat na binibili
living (the traditional use of natural na, yung bigas, di na kami bumibili ng bigas
resources) by the Aeta people in nong nandon kami, may tanim kaming palay,
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the sariling lupa. Di yun pinapakiskis, binabayo
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
lang dati, binabayo, mano mano.
Sa gobyerno madam, tapos nung medyo ano
respond or cope with the effects of
na din dito nagtanim na din kami dito sa
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
paligid. Nagtatanim kami ng gulay dyan para
may maano. Ginawa namin yung ginagawa
namin sa baitan. Mahirap madam kaya lang
talagang ginagawa para may makain.
(13)
What is your way of living
Okay naman, makiupa kung walang ano
now? Does your community do the
makiupa kami ng magtanim, makipaglabada.
same?
Lahat na pinapasok para lang mabuhay.
Ganon din ginagawa ng iba, nagtatanom din
sila doon sa baitan. Kami lang ang ano
pamisan nga pumupunta din don sa baitan,
322 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
sila nanatili na don kasi nga nagaaral mga
bata.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Yung dati madam sa baitan talaga sa lahat di
living now? Do you still want to
ka bibili ng ano, eh ngayon lahat dito bilhin
practice your authentic traditional
mo eh. Kung di ka makapagtanim bibili ka
food gathering methods?
ng gulay, yung upa mo ibili mo pa ng ano…
Gumagawa pa rin ng mga basket, pag may
umoorder. Nagtatanim pa rin. Tinatanim
namin sa sako para lang mabuhay, kasi
mahirap mabuhay dito ang halaman, sa lupa
po, putik kasi, malagkit kaya yung halaman
naano. Yung lupa galing pa po sa bukid sa
bayan. Maganda ang lupa sa baitan talaga,
mataba ang lupa doon. Dito mamatay ang
halaman.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Yun nga madam, makiupa, pag may
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
makiupa ng maglaba, o kunin na yon
people provide for their daily needs?
makipaglaba, magtanim, makipagtanim ng
palay dyan sa may mga bukid sa baba.
(16)
Does the government or the
Meron naman minsan po madam, minsan
LGUs have been reached your
bigas. Waalng pera, pagkain. Sariling sikap
family or your tribe for any form of
madam para may matirhan na bahay. Dati
help? (If yes, what are those?)
madam mga kubo lang din to, tapos naging
semento paunti unti madam, yan pag may
konting pera bibili ng konti, hanggang sa…
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Ay hindi po.
Aeta people from returning to their
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Maganda rin po. Sapat naman madam. Taon
recovery
program
the din kami nabigyan ng gobyerno.
government did? Did it went well for Madaming namatay noon talaga sa sakit,
you and the community?
mainit yun eh tapos malamig sa lupa kasi
323 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
yung mga tent lang noon ang mga ano
magkakatabi,
magdidikit
yung
amoy
syempre ano, kaya ang dami namatay.
Sa pagkain po sapat kaya lang doon nga po
nagkakaproblema maam yung sama sama po
talaga kasi doon sa… lalo na yung tigdas na
sakit, hawahawa ang daming namatay, pati
matanda.
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Maganda maam.
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan
before the eruption happened so that
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of oo babalik madam, syempre talagang doon
this research, are you contented to ang buhay namin eh.
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Yung livelihood po yun ang number one yun
this research, do you have any po ang pagsisimulan namin eh kung pano po
recommendations that will contribute mabuhay.
to our study?
Facilities po.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Jesus Balintay
324 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Age
56
Gender
Male
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yun nga madam nawala na yung mga
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo kabahayan, yung mga taniman, taniman ng
eruption affect the biodiversity in palay nasira na. Yung mga puno natabunan.
Botolan, Zambales?
Yung ilog naging lahar, lahat naging lahar
pero unti unti na po tayo bumabalik ngayon
nadevelop na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, manok lahat lahat ng hayop
the species that you have commonly naiwan doon, natabunan dahil walang
encountered before that have been masakyan.
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Oo nangangaso, nahuhuli ng usa, baboy
or fished by the Aeta people before ramo, ibon. Daga ng palay kinakain parang
the eruption?
koneho. Hipon, paliya yung madulas, may
bunod pa. Palaka yung dati hindi bull frog,
may native doon na kinakain na native
palaka tsaka yung talagang palaka.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Nagtatanim ng kamote, palay.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Masaya doon kasi di kami bumibili ng
community before Mt. Pinatubo kuwan eh dito puro pera ang kailangan dito,
erupted?
pag wala kang pera wala.
Okay
naman
madam
nagtatanim,
nangangaso yung tatay ko.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Ginagawa pa rin naghahanap dyan ng ano
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? kamote, aakyat pa rin para magtanim ng
Do you still do it now?
kamote para may makain.
Nagtitinda ng inaani para may pangbili ng
asin.
325 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(7) How do you gather food before the Di na ngangaso. Nakikiupa na lang sa tanim.
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it
now?
(8) How was your situation and your N/A
community when the Mt. Pinatubo
erupted?
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa villar wala talang ano sa villar. Ngayon
were forcibly evacuated from their lang ano, talagang naano talaga. Nakakaawa,
lands; since you are a survivor of the nagsakripisyo sila para maprotektahan yung
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, mga hayop doon.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kasi may mga kamaganak doon, binibisita
abandon their small villages after the sila. Nagtatanim din doon para babalik yung
eruption. What drives you back to kabuhayan dati sa baitan. Pag ano, ngayon
your land even after the eruption babalik nanaman don pagtagulan mahirap
damages it?
(11)
bumalik kasi malalim yung ilog eh.
Based on your experience, Malaki ano madam kasi yung ano di na kami
how did the impact of the Mt. bumibili dati ng mga ano namin, ang binibili
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of lang yung asin. Ay ngayon lahat na binibili
living (the traditional use of natural na, yung bigas, di na kami bumibili ng bigas
resources) by the Aeta people in nong nandon kami, may tanim kaming palay,
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the sariling lupa. Di yun pinapakiskis, binabayo
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
lang dati, binabayo, mano mano.
Sa gobyerno madam, tapos nung medyo ano
respond or cope with the effects of
na din dito nagtanim na din kami dito sa
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
paligid. Nagtatanim kami ng gulay dyan para
may maano. Ginawa namin yung ginagawa
namin sa baitan. Mahirap madam kaya lang
talagang ginagawa para may makain.
(13)
What is your way of living
Okay naman, makiupa kung walang ano
now? Does your community do the
makiupa kami ng magtanim, makipaglabada.
same?
Lahat na pinapasok para lang mabuhay.
326 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Ganon din ginagawa ng iba, nagtatanom din
sila doon sa baitan. Kami lang ang ano
pamisan nga pumupunta din don sa baitan,
sila nanatili na don kasi nga nagaaral mga
bata.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Yung dati madam sa baitan talaga sa lahat di
living now? Do you still want to
ka bibili ng ano, eh ngayon lahat dito bilhin
practice your authentic traditional
mo eh. Kung di ka makapagtanim bibili ka
food gathering methods?
ng gulay, yung upa mo ibili mo pa ng ano…
Gumagawa pa rin ng mga basket, pag may
umoorder. Nagtatanim pa rin. Tinatanim
namin sa sako para lang mabuhay, kasi
mahirap mabuhay dito ang halaman, sa lupa
po, putik kasi, malagkit kaya yung halaman
naano. Yung lupa galing pa po sa bukid sa
bayan. Maganda ang lupa sa baitan talaga,
mataba ang lupa doon. Dito mamatay ang
halaman.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Yun nga madam, makiupa, pag may
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
makiupa ng maglaba, o kunin na yon
people provide for their daily needs?
makipaglaba, magtanim, makipagtanim ng
palay dyan sa may mga bukid sa baba.
(16)
Does the government or the
Meron naman minsan po madam, minsan
LGUs have been reached your
bigas. Waalng pera, pagkain. Sariling sikap
family or your tribe for any form of
madam para may matirhan na bahay. Dati
help? (If yes, what are those?)
madam mga kubo lang din to, tapos naging
semento paunti unti madam, yan pag may
konting pera bibili ng konti, hanggang sa…
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Ay hindi po.
Aeta people from returning to their
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
327 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(18)
post
What can you say about the Maganda rin po. Sapat naman madam. Taon
recovery
program
the din kami nabigyan ng gobyerno.
government did? Did it went well for Madaming namatay noon talaga sa sakit,
you and the community?
mainit yun eh tapos malamig sa lupa kasi
yung mga tent lang noon ang mga ano
magkakatabi,
magdidikit
yung
amoy
syempre ano, kaya ang dami namatay.
Sa pagkain po sapat kaya lang doon nga po
nagkakaproblema maam yung sama sama po
talaga kasi doon sa… lalo na yung tigdas na
sakit, hawahawa ang daming namatay, pati
matanda.
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Maganda maam.
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan
before the eruption happened so that
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of oo babalik madam, syempre talagang doon
this research, are you contented to ang buhay namin eh.
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Yung livelihood po yun ang number one yun
this research, do you have any po ang pagsisimulan namin eh kung pano po
recommendations that will contribute mabuhay.
to our study?
Facilities po.
328 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Perlita Jullano
Age
57
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yun nga madam nawala na yung mga
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo kabahayan, yung mga taniman, taniman ng
eruption affect the biodiversity in palay nasira na. Yung mga puno natabunan.
Botolan, Zambales?
Yung ilog naging lahar, lahat naging lahar
pero unti unti na po tayo bumabalik ngayon
nadevelop na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, manok lahat lahat ng hayop
the species that you have commonly naiwan doon, natabunan dahil walang
encountered before that have been masakyan.
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Oo nangangaso, nahuhuli ng usa, baboy
or fished by the Aeta people before ramo, ibon. Daga ng palay kinakain parang
the eruption?
koneho. Hipon, paliya yung madulas, may
bunod pa. Palaka yung dati hindi bull frog,
may native doon na kinakain na native
palaka tsaka yung talagang palaka.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Nagtatanim ng kamote, palay.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Masaya doon kasi di kami bumibili ng
community before Mt. Pinatubo kuwan eh dito puro pera ang kailangan dito,
erupted?
pag wala kang pera wala.
Okay
naman
madam
nagtatanim,
nangangaso yung tatay ko.
329 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(6) What traditional practices do you do Ginagawa pa rin naghahanap dyan ng ano
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? kamote, aakyat pa rin para magtanim ng
Do you still do it now?
kamote para may makain.
Nagtitinda ng inaani para may pangbili ng
asin.
(7) How do you gather food before the Di na ngangaso. Nakikiupa na lang sa tanim.
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it
now?
(8) How was your situation and your N/A
community when the Mt. Pinatubo
erupted?
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa villar wala talang ano sa villar. Ngayon
were forcibly evacuated from their lang ano, talagang naano talaga. Nakakaawa,
lands; since you are a survivor of the nagsakripisyo sila para maprotektahan yung
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, mga hayop doon.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kasi may mga kamaganak doon, binibisita
abandon their small villages after the sila. Nagtatanim din doon para babalik yung
eruption. What drives you back to kabuhayan dati sa baitan. Pag ano, ngayon
your land even after the eruption babalik nanaman don pagtagulan mahirap
damages it?
(11)
bumalik kasi malalim yung ilog eh.
Based on your experience, Malaki ano madam kasi yung ano di na kami
how did the impact of the Mt. bumibili dati ng mga ano namin, ang binibili
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of lang yung asin. Ay ngayon lahat na binibili
living (the traditional use of natural na, yung bigas, di na kami bumibili ng bigas
resources) by the Aeta people in nong nandon kami, may tanim kaming palay,
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the sariling lupa. Di yun pinapakiskis, binabayo
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
lang dati, binabayo, mano mano.
Sa gobyerno madam, tapos nung medyo ano
respond or cope with the effects of
na din dito nagtanim na din kami dito sa
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
paligid. Nagtatanim kami ng gulay dyan para
may maano. Ginawa namin yung ginagawa
330 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
namin sa baitan. Mahirap madam kaya lang
talagang ginagawa para may makain.
(13)
What is your way of living
Okay naman, makiupa kung walang ano
now? Does your community do the
makiupa kami ng magtanim, makipaglabada.
same?
Lahat na pinapasok para lang mabuhay.
Ganon din ginagawa ng iba, nagtatanom din
sila doon sa baitan. Kami lang ang ano
pamisan nga pumupunta din don sa baitan,
sila nanatili na don kasi nga nagaaral mga
bata.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Yung dati madam sa baitan talaga sa lahat di
living now? Do you still want to
ka bibili ng ano, eh ngayon lahat dito bilhin
practice your authentic traditional
mo eh. Kung di ka makapagtanim bibili ka
food gathering methods?
ng gulay, yung upa mo ibili mo pa ng ano…
Gumagawa pa rin ng mga basket, pag may
umoorder. Nagtatanim pa rin. Tinatanim
namin sa sako para lang mabuhay, kasi
mahirap mabuhay dito ang halaman, sa lupa
po, putik kasi, malagkit kaya yung halaman
naano. Yung lupa galing pa po sa bukid sa
bayan. Maganda ang lupa sa baitan talaga,
mataba ang lupa doon. Dito mamatay ang
halaman.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Yun nga madam, makiupa, pag may
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
makiupa ng maglaba, o kunin na yon
people provide for their daily needs?
makipaglaba, magtanim, makipagtanim ng
palay dyan sa may mga bukid sa baba.
(16)
Does the government or the
Meron naman minsan po madam, minsan
LGUs have been reached your
bigas. Waalng pera, pagkain. Sariling sikap
family or your tribe for any form of
madam para may matirhan na bahay. Dati
help? (If yes, what are those?)
madam mga kubo lang din to, tapos naging
semento paunti unti madam, yan pag may
konting pera bibili ng konti, hanggang sa…
331 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Ay hindi po.
Aeta people from returning to their
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Maganda rin po. Sapat naman madam. Taon
recovery
program
the din kami nabigyan ng gobyerno.
government did? Did it went well for Madaming namatay noon talaga sa sakit,
you and the community?
mainit yun eh tapos malamig sa lupa kasi
yung mga tent lang noon ang mga ano
magkakatabi,
magdidikit
yung
amoy
syempre ano, kaya ang dami namatay.
Sa pagkain po sapat kaya lang doon nga po
nagkakaproblema maam yung sama sama po
talaga kasi doon sa… lalo na yung tigdas na
sakit, hawahawa ang daming namatay, pati
matanda.
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Maganda maam.
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan
before the eruption happened so that
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of oo babalik madam, syempre talagang doon
this research, are you contented to ang buhay namin eh.
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
332 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Yung livelihood po yun ang number one yun
this research, do you have any po ang pagsisimulan namin eh kung pano po
recommendations that will contribute mabuhay.
to our study?
Facilities po.
DATE
October 26, 2022
BARANGAY
VILLAR
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Juliet Madla
Age
39
Gender
Female
Position (If any)
N/A
(1) Based on your observation, how did Yun nga madam nawala na yung mga
the impact of the Mt. Pinatubo kabahayan, yung mga taniman, taniman ng
eruption affect the biodiversity in palay nasira na. Yung mga puno natabunan.
Botolan, Zambales?
Yung ilog naging lahar, lahat naging lahar
pero unti unti na po tayo bumabalik ngayon
nadevelop na.
(2) Based on your observation, what are Kalabaw, baboy, manok lahat lahat ng hayop
the species that you have commonly naiwan doon, natabunan dahil walang
encountered before that have been masakyan.
distinct or gone as a result of
biodiversity loss in the area?
(3) What animals were commonly hunted Oo nangangaso, nahuhuli ng usa, baboy
or fished by the Aeta people before ramo, ibon. Daga ng palay kinakain parang
the eruption?
koneho. Hipon, paliya yung madulas, may
bunod pa. Palaka yung dati hindi bull frog,
may native doon na kinakain na native
palaka tsaka yung talagang palaka.
(4) What wild plants or vegetation have Nagtatanim ng kamote, palay.
the Aeta people gathered before the
eruption?
333 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(5) How was your life with the Aeta Masaya doon kasi di kami bumibili ng
community before Mt. Pinatubo kuwan eh dito puro pera ang kailangan dito,
erupted?
pag wala kang pera wala.
Okay
naman
madam
nagtatanim,
nangangaso yung tatay ko.
(6) What traditional practices do you do Ginagawa pa rin naghahanap dyan ng ano
before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo? kamote, aakyat pa rin para magtanim ng
Do you still do it now?
kamote para may makain.
Nagtitinda ng inaani para may pangbili ng
asin.
(7) How do you gather food before the Di na ngangaso. Nakikiupa na lang sa tanim.
Pinatubo eruption? Do you still do it
now?
(8) How was your situation and your N/A
community when the Mt. Pinatubo
erupted?
(9) During the eruption, the Aeta people Sa villar wala talang ano sa villar. Ngayon
were forcibly evacuated from their lang ano, talagang naano talaga. Nakakaawa,
lands; since you are a survivor of the nagsakripisyo sila para maprotektahan yung
traumatic Mt. Pinatubo eruption, mga hayop doon.
what is your perspective on the others
that stayed to protect their homes?
(10)
Most of the Aeta people Kasi may mga kamaganak doon, binibisita
abandon their small villages after the sila. Nagtatanim din doon para babalik yung
eruption. What drives you back to kabuhayan dati sa baitan. Pag ano, ngayon
your land even after the eruption babalik nanaman don pagtagulan mahirap
damages it?
(11)
bumalik kasi malalim yung ilog eh.
Based on your experience, Malaki ano madam kasi yung ano di na kami
how did the impact of the Mt. bumibili dati ng mga ano namin, ang binibili
Pinatubo eruption affect the way of lang yung asin. Ay ngayon lahat na binibili
living (the traditional use of natural na, yung bigas, di na kami bumibili ng bigas
resources) by the Aeta people in nong nandon kami, may tanim kaming palay,
334 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Botolan,
Zambales,
after
the sariling lupa. Di yun pinapakiskis, binabayo
eruption?
(12)
How did the Aeta people
lang dati, binabayo, mano mano.
Sa gobyerno madam, tapos nung medyo ano
respond or cope with the effects of
na din dito nagtanim na din kami dito sa
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
paligid. Nagtatanim kami ng gulay dyan para
may maano. Ginawa namin yung ginagawa
namin sa baitan. Mahirap madam kaya lang
talagang ginagawa para may makain.
(13)
What is your way of living
Okay naman, makiupa kung walang ano
now? Does your community do the
makiupa kami ng magtanim, makipaglabada.
same?
Lahat na pinapasok para lang mabuhay.
Ganon din ginagawa ng iba, nagtatanom din
sila doon sa baitan. Kami lang ang ano
pamisan nga pumupunta din don sa baitan,
sila nanatili na don kasi nga nagaaral mga
bata.
(14)
Do you prefer your way of
Yung dati madam sa baitan talaga sa lahat di
living now? Do you still want to
ka bibili ng ano, eh ngayon lahat dito bilhin
practice your authentic traditional
mo eh. Kung di ka makapagtanim bibili ka
food gathering methods?
ng gulay, yung upa mo ibili mo pa ng ano…
Gumagawa pa rin ng mga basket, pag may
umoorder. Nagtatanim pa rin. Tinatanim
namin sa sako para lang mabuhay, kasi
mahirap mabuhay dito ang halaman, sa lupa
po, putik kasi, malagkit kaya yung halaman
naano. Yung lupa galing pa po sa bukid sa
bayan. Maganda ang lupa sa baitan talaga,
mataba ang lupa doon. Dito mamatay ang
halaman.
(15)
Over the years after the Mt.
Yun nga madam, makiupa, pag may
Pinatubo eruption, how did the Aeta
makiupa ng maglaba, o kunin na yon
people provide for their daily needs?
makipaglaba, magtanim, makipagtanim ng
palay dyan sa may mga bukid sa baba.
335 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(16)
Does the government or the
Meron naman minsan po madam, minsan
LGUs have been reached your
bigas. Waalng pera, pagkain. Sariling sikap
family or your tribe for any form of
madam para may matirhan na bahay. Dati
help? (If yes, what are those?)
madam mga kubo lang din to, tapos naging
semento paunti unti madam, yan pag may
konting pera bibili ng konti, hanggang sa…
(17)
Do the LGUs still restrict the Ay hindi po.
Aeta people from returning to their
ancestral lands? (If yes, do you know
the reason why?)
(18)
post
What can you say about the Maganda rin po. Sapat naman madam. Taon
recovery
program
the din kami nabigyan ng gobyerno.
government did? Did it went well for Madaming namatay noon talaga sa sakit,
you and the community?
mainit yun eh tapos malamig sa lupa kasi
yung mga tent lang noon ang mga ano
magkakatabi,
magdidikit
yung
amoy
syempre ano, kaya ang dami namatay.
Sa pagkain po sapat kaya lang doon nga po
nagkakaproblema maam yung sama sama po
talaga kasi doon sa… lalo na yung tigdas na
sakit, hawahawa ang daming namatay, pati
matanda.
(19)
Our study aims to bring back Maganda maam.
the life or the biodiversity in Botolan
before the eruption happened so that
the Aeta people will reclaim their
culture
by
bringing
back
their
traditional use of natural resources
and turning the ancestral lands into a
nature reserve community. What is
your perspective on our study?
(20)
As a primary beneficiary of oo babalik madam, syempre talagang doon
this research, are you contented to ang buhay namin eh.
336 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
fully adapt to the modern way of
living
of
the
Aeta
people
or
reestablish the traditional use of
natural resources?
(21)
As a primary beneficiary of Yung livelihood po yun ang number one yun
this research, do you have any po ang pagsisimulan namin eh kung pano po
recommendations that will contribute mabuhay.
to our study?
Facilities po.
Face-to-tace Interview Raw Answers (Professionals):
DATE
November 24, 2022
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Ledie M. De Leon
Position
Indegenous
People
Mandatory
Representative of the Municipality of
Botolan, Zambales.
(1) As a part of the LGU in Botolan, are Opo maam, pero barangay captain po ako
you aware of the circumstances of the noon sa Nacolcol nung pumutok yung
Aeta people regarding losing their bulkan.
homes and livelihood in Baitan after
the Mt. Pinatubo eruption?
(2) Since the Aeta people are part of
Meron po maam, kagaya po nung agriculture
your community, does the LGU have
pangangailangan po para sap ag tatanim ng
current plans/programs for the
mag sasaka. (Saan po lugar yon?) doon po sa
current issues/problems the Aeta
eastern yung pinag putukan po ng bulkan.
people have?
Bumalik sila maam, pero may ibang nandito
sa loob bunga dahil nga nag papaaral sila.
o
If yes, can you give common
Eto naman iba, may school po don dun yung
problems of the Aeta people
iba. (Yung agriculture nyo po dito po o
after the eruption?
doon?) dito po sila yung agriculture. Lahat
po ng farmer binibigyan nila ng harvester.
337 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
o
If yes, what are the current
Halimbawa, abono o palay. Marami po na
plans/programs of the LGU?
itutulong
yung
LGU
kasi
po
yung
pangagailangan ng katutubo. Yung ngayon
po maam sa bukirin support din sila na nag
bibigay
ng
tulong
katulad
ng
food
assistance, pera meron din nag bibigay din.
Bahay po hindi, sariling gawa po sila. (Ibang
programa?)
ano
maam
kung
minsan
nakikiupa sila sa mga nag papatrabaho.
Katulad nyan reforestation.
(3) Do the LGUs still restrict the Aeta Ang hinaharap talaga sa toto, kahirapan
people
from
returning
to
their talaga. Kaya nga sila kailangan mapaaral
ancestral lands?
yung mga bata para naman hindi madama
yung hirap ngayon ng mga bata. Noon kasi
o If yes, what are the reasons for yung mga matanda hirap ng walang pinag
the restriction?
aralan. (Karagdagan po?) pag kakitaan po
maam, kagaya nyan may emergency maam
may sakit. Oo nakakahingi ka ng gamot pero
di katulad ng may income ka madali
makakuha ng gamot. (Bukod po sa
reforestation ano pa po mga trabaho nila?)
nag tatanim po maam kagaya ng saging,
kamote, luya, at gabe. Binhi lang po ng
gagaling sa gobyerno.
(4) The Aeta people are the primary Noon po maam pero ngayon siguro hindi na
beneficiary of our research and part of po maam. Alerto naman po yung LGU
your community. Do you think it is halimbawa may biglaan na pumutok may
better for them to fully adapt to the naka bantay sa Pinatubo. Halimbawa in case
modern way of living of the Aeta pumutok meron naman tatawag.
people or reestablish their traditional
use of natural resources?
338 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(5) Are you aware of what is a nature Noon madam, kung tingnan natin ngayon.
reserve community?
Parehas lang noon ang mga katutubo hindi
marunong
mag
motor.
Ngayon
nung
pumutok ang bulkan halos lahat may motor
na. noon naman po sa pag tatanim modern
na parang ngayon may mga machine na.
(Ano po kaya yung magandang meron
noon?) noon kasi maam hindi problema ang
lupa. Ngayon kasi kahit sayo na inaangkin
pa. Dati kasi hindi masyadon pinoproblema
lupa para sa pag tatanim. Pero sa tingin ko
madam, sa posisyon ko na nilalapit ko ang
boses nila at problema. Kailangan po nila ng
livelihood lalo na sa mga kababaihan dahil
hindi naman lahat nakapag aral. Livelihood
katulad ng pag gawa ng basket para ma
ibebenta nila para may pang dagdag sa
gastusin.
(6) Our study aims to bring back the life Sa ngayon talaga madam, maganda na
or the biodiversity in Baitan before madami ng bumalik doon kasi develop na
the eruption happened for the Aeta ang barangay may highschool na. Lahat ng
people will reclaim their culture by barangay doon meron ng school marami ng
bringing back their traditional use of teacher. Ang gusto ko na lang mabigyan sila
natural resources and turning the ng health clinic sa baitan. (Gawin nature
ancestral lands into a nature reserve reserve) pwede po maam pabor po ako.
community. What is your perspective
on our study?
(7) As part of the LGU, do you have any Kami bilang sanggunian, dinudulog namin
recommendations that will contribute para alam nila. Alam nila para protektahan
to our study?
kami. Mas maganda nga maam na may
magawa doon eh. Kasi kung minsan po may
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
kalabaw po yung iba yung iba wala.
Transportation po maam paakyat at pag
baba.
DATE
December 06, 2022
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Bella H. Noceda
Position
Senior Agriculturist in the Division of Soil
Surveying, Bureau of Soils and Water
Management of Department of Agriculture
(1) Paano po ba nag tatanim kapag may Ang pag tanim kailangan along the contour.
slope ang tataniman?
(2) Pwede naman po taniman ng puno?
Hindi against the contour.
Kung puno, hahanap ka ng suitable sa lupa.
Kasi yung lupa don permanente na hindi mo
na ma-babago. Pero, when it comes to
fertility pwede mo siyang mapataas thru
application of fertilizers.
(3) By means of fertility po yung acid ng Yung ano, NP K content.
mga…
(4) Pag sandy loam po kaya matataniman Oo, pero ang problema kasi dyan saan ang
po kaya ng gulay?
source ng tubig mo.
(5) Kung river or groundwater po. Kaya May means k aba pano pano mangyayari?
po?
Kasi syempre mataas na yan or kailangan
timing din ang pag tatanim. Kasi ang mg
ayan by season. Kung kalian abundant ang
tubig kasi umuulan.
(6) Ano po kaya ang mga plant na nag Usually yan pwede yung mga mane or
susurvive sa villar sandy loam? For peanut, soy beans, munggo
example po, nitrogen fixing plants.
(7) Sa puno kaya?
Pag buhangin kasi ang problema jan. Madali
mabuwal ang puno. Pero titingnan natin ang
characteristics ng lugar kasi sa ibabaw lang
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
yang lupa (villar sandy loam) titingnan natin
yung description dito kung anong meron siya
sa ilalim. Kailangan malaman ninyo yung
kung anong klase yung lupa na nasa ilalim.
Eto sinasabi, slightly anjulating and holding
ang kanyang lupa. Yung villar sandy loam,
angeles sandy loam at mag kakapareho lang
nung nasa ilalim ng characteristics sa ibabaw
lang nag kakaiba.
(8) In term of agriculture maintenance Foliar is ini-ispray, organic is syempre yung
po, yung organic, inorganic, and animal manure or other sources na nag under
foliar fertilizer. Ano po pinag kakaiba go na sa composting, yung inorganic mga
non?
chemical.
(9) May mga components po yung mga Actually, mahirap mag fertilize sa mga
fertilizer. Sa sandy loam po ba ano po sandy. Kasi kailanga right timing, kasi pag
magandang ginagamit?
nilagay mo yan kailangan makain kagad ng
halaman. Otherwise, pag hindi nakain
pupunta lang yan sa ilalim. Kaya kailangan
timing ka talaga sa pag lagay ng fertilizer.
(10)
Pano po kaya t-timingan yon? Depende yon sa halaman, meron naman siya
don sa requirement kung kelan ka dapat mag
apply ng fertilizer. Sa stage ng mismong
halaman din, may talagang stage ng halaman
kung kelan ka mag f-fertilize.
(11)
Sa organic fertilizer po okay Hindi, depende pa din sa lupa kaya dapat
lang naman po kahit anong gamitin?
ipapaanalyze mo pa din siya. Pero usually
kasi ang problema kasi sa mabuhangin na
lupa kulang talaga siya ng nutrients kasi
hindi sila nakaka hold.
(12)
So papaanalyze po namin
Kung papaanalyze nyo sa laboratory, ang
kung ano yung lacking nutrient dun
unang tatanong sa inyo ay kung ano ang
po mag bbase ng gagamitin?
itatanim niyong crops. Gagawan nila ng
fertilizer computation.
341 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
(13)
Yung foliar fertilizer po
chemical din po siya na iniispray?
Oo, chemical din siya na iniispray. Usually
sa halaman mismo yon unlike sa organic and
inorganice sa soil mismo nilalagay.
(14)
In terms of agriculture po
infiltration mabilis ang pag pasok ng tubig.
how to increase water and infiltration Mabilis pag sa sandy unlike sa clay nag
rates? May idea po ba kayo don?
(15)
Maganda po ba yon?
sstay.
Depende yan sa itatanim. May mga crops
tayo na hindi pwedeng ma retain yung tubig
kasi mabubulok. Yung iba naman kailangan
na reretain yung tubig. So aadopt mo yung
halaman mo sa klase ng lupa. Hindi lang sa
klase ng lupa pati na din sa climate.
(16)
Yung thesis po namin
ecological succession po siya
Yes oo. Basta mag isip lang kayo na mga
crops na pwedeng itanim doon. Pero pa
possible po na macucultivate po
namin yung mga plants?
analyze nyo pa din yung lupa para malaman
nyo suitable plants na magamit nyo.
Additional Answer: Depende yan sa lahar
kung gano kalalim yung nandon kasi kung
shallow lang naman pwede pa din naman
magawan ng paraan. Pero kung metro na
mahirap na yon.
DATE
December 09, 2022
QUESTIONS:
ANSWERS:
Name
Djolly Ma. Dinamling
Position
Agriculturist II in the Division of Soil
Conservation, Bureau of Soil and Water
Management of Department of Agriculture
(1) The soil types of Barangay Villar,
which is the chosen site of the
research based on the researchers’ site
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
selection,
are
Mountain
soil
-
(undifferentiated), Villar sandy loam,
Angeles sand, and Antipolo clay. The
question is, what are the differences
between the soil types of Barangay
Villar and what are its strengths and
weaknesses?
(2) What plants can survive in the soil
types of Barangay Villar?
-
(3) In agriculture maintenance, what are
the
difference
between
organic,
-
inorganic, and foliar fertilizer?
(4) As an expertise of agriculture, is there Dito kasi ay mga list ng strategies from
any
processes
or
management ecosystem based kasi kami. Kasi meron
practices on how to increase/decrease tayong mga strategies so coastal, low land,
water and infiltration rates?
upland, highland. So andito yung mga
examples, eto yung mga tinatawag natin mga
sustainable na mga land management
practices to preserve natin yung mga lupa at
tubig natin kasi soil and water goes together.
So yung role ng soil is to hold the water.
Cinoconsider siya when you decide on what
are the forming strategies. So meron din
kaming list depending on conservation
measures.
Meron
vegetative,
structural
tayong
agronomic,
management
and
agronomic combine with vegetative. Mag
bibigay lang ako ng brief background para
ma intindihan nyo din to. So eto nag come
up kami ng list na to from all the
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
documentation sa pilipinas na ginawa
namin. So yung 4 para ma decrease natin
yung water infiltration rates, pwede tayo dito
sa part ng structural. Meron tayo dito na
small farm reservoir (SFR), eto yung parang
hinaharvest nya yung water. Meron din tayo
mas malaki area ng SFR which is the suit. So
eto iniimbak nya yung tubig etong part na to
more or less na ddecrease nya yung
infiltration rate. Kasi na dedecrease mo yung
infiltration rate pag may vegetation ka. So
pag maayos yung vegetation mo na
nataniman hindi mabilis ang infiltration rate.
Kasi diba ng yayari siya sa lupa na sand kasi
less porous siya hindi siya nag aabsorb ng
tubig. Aside from this one, we could also
adopt vegetative part. Pwede din agro
economic, etong planted vegetative strip. So
yung details ng mga list na to you could find
ditto.
Additional Answer: So pwede kayo pumunta
sa upline areas pero pwede din kayo mag
expand sa highland area if may forest sila.
Eto part din siya ng to increase and decrease
infiltration yung technique na alternate
wetting and drying pwede din magamit.
Then eto yung strip para pag may tanim ka
malessen yung infiltration rate kasi gusto
natin ma contain yung moisture ng lupa
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
natin. For the upland areas, this contour
farming is contour based siya doon mismo
kayo sa contour mag tatanim.
(5) Ecological succession is a natural Ibang term lang si ecological succession sa
recovery of a place that have been
disturbed
by
an
inyo. Pero based from sa experience ko from
ecological
disturbance. Our topic aims to
documenting sustainable land management
accelerate the ecological succession approaches. Possible talaga siya but it takes
in which it will speed-up the process
time. So yung nagging successful si CVFM
of ecological recovery within an
ecologically disturbed place. The
after 15 yrs nung 25th year nya dun lang
researchers believe that it could be a kumapal yung vegetation nya. So it take a lot
solution to bring it will bring back the
of effort yun yung kailangan ng time and
life or the biodiversity in Baytan
before the eruption happened for the
kailangan natin ng people organization na
Aeta people will also reclaim their talagang mag aalaga non with additional
culture
by
bringing
back
their
subsidy from the government yun yung
traditional use of natural resources is
your perspective on our study?
secret nila for this to become successful.
Same with conservation farming village,
nagging successful siya thru time kasi the
element na active yung farmer’s association
and active yung LGU and na support sila ng
nation.
(6) Do you believe that, despite being Yung lahar soil is very fertile siya Yung
damaged and filled with lahar, the soil story nung pumutok si Pinatubo at lumabas
in Barangay Villar can still be used yung mga ashes. Yung mga ash na yon
for agriculture?
napaka fertile nya. So parang nagkaroon ng
regrowth or reborn yung lupa don. So ayon,
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
fertile yung lahar soil natin. So yes, pero di
naman siguro damage. Filled with lahar soil
and can still use to agriculture according to
the stories from the impact of Pinatubo
eruption nagging maganda yung lupa nila at
mas nagging productive. Hindi ko alam yung
specific content ng lahar pero nagging fertile
yung lupa don.
(7) Are there any agricultural methods or Eto na yung book pero you have to select
strategies that you are aware of that
hindi nyo pwedeng gamitin lahat. Ang ma
could be used in the study?
rerecommend ko dito ay yung conservation
farming village. Yung area nyo naman hindi
siya damaged pero marginal talaga yung
area. Yung area kasi nila don based sa book
puro bato so mahirap mag tanim. So yung
ginawa nila nag isip sila ng mga strategies
para maging productive yung lang nila. So
gumawa sila ng terraces para matanggal
yung lupa dito so nilagay nila sa isang line
lang para yung lupa pwede nila ma bungkal
kasi kung di nila gagawin to di nila
magagamit yung lupa for production.
Additional Answer: So eto nga yung sinabi
mo kanina na nitrogen fixing, eto naman
mga legions yung tinatanim nila kasi nga
yung grass lands natin wala silang top soil so
they have to make the soil productive. Ang
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ginawa nila ay mag tanim ng mga forage, so
after 3 years ng pag tatanim nila eto ang
kinalabasan. Aside from CFV, you could do
the multi-storey cropping kasi diba may
patch jan na forest pero may patches na
gumagawa ng production. Multi storey kasi
naka arrange sya from smallest to tallest
siya. So sa baba nya pinya, calamansi,
rambutan, banana tapos coconut. Kasi ang
concept
ng
multi
storey
hindi
nag
haharangan yung mga shades para lahat sila
na aabutan ng lights. Then community base
forest management is started from grassland.
So dati grassland lang siya then after 25 yrs
bago na rehabilitate yung area. Then para
naman kumita yung mga farmers kasi nag
tanim sila ng mga puno na may economic
value and one of it is lituko so since may
harvest si lituko yun yung na bebenta nila.
Withing sa loob ng forest may tinanim sila
na lituko kasi yun ang may economic value
kasi yung pinapatanim nila na may for
protection ng DENR walang value unless
you cut it and benta as timber. Pero para
hindi gawin ng katutubo doon nag tanim sila
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ng alternative crop na pwede nila ibenta.
You have also the DENR parts, natural
regeneration ayon ay hinahayaan lang nila at
wala sila ginagawa don ang ginagawa lang
nila yung mga wildling na tumutubo don yun
ang inaalagaan nila. So within the forest
yung tinatawag nilang halaman ligaw yun
yung inaalagaan nila para lumaki sila. Dati
din na grass land and then unti unti
kumakapal yung vegetation. Eto talaga wala
kang iintroduce na bago basta may system ka
na people organization inaalagaan nila yung
mga tanim don.
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Aeta village &Agroforestry Region Scale Model
This model is 1:750 m in scale and features the residential areas A and B, as well as the
community center, water reservoir, and a portion of the agroforestry zone near the residential
area.
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Site Visit and Interview Pictures in Resettlement Areas on October 26, 2022:
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Botolan Museum Visit with the Tourism Department on November 24, 2022:
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Interview with the Soil Surveying Division, Bureau of Soils and Water Management of
Department of Agriculture on December 06, 2022:
Interview with the Soil Conservation Division, Bureau of Soils and Water Management of
Department of Agriculture on December 09, 2022:
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
Site Visit and Interview in the ancestral lands on January 11, 2023:
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
355 | P a g e
A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
ANSWERS TO PANELISTS’ COMMENTS:

Clarification of ‘Goal of the Study’:
The goal of the study was modified from “The revitalization of the ancestral land that a
volcanic eruption turned into a lahar zone and the recovery of the Aetas' food gathering culture
can lead to making their place a nature reserve community.” to “The revival of the Aetas' food
gathering culture and the regeneration of the biodiversity of the ancestral land that a volcanic
eruption transformed into a lahar zone by accelerating the ecological succession already
occurring in the area.”

Areas that were heavily affected by lahar to justify the Cut and Fill areas of the
design:
The images of the areas affected by lahar can be seen on pages 127-128.

Concept of rainforestation and usage of other form composition for the design
translation in the recommendation:
Apart from their chosen solution for the study area's long-term problem, the researchers believe
that there are other reforestation strategies that can be applied to the study area, as ecology and
landscape architecture offer a lot of new strategies that could also innovate the one that they
proposed. One of the panelists recommended the use of rain forestation as an approach for
accelerating the ecological succession in the study area instead of agroforestry as it is said to
be more suitable for the area’s condition. The panelists also recommended the usage of other
forms in the translation of the design as the radial form is too intrusive for the site.

Strategies to accelerate the succesion in the site:
The strategies to accelerate the succession in the site was discussed on pages 121-126, 137,
145-149, and 159-160.

Explanation for the Aetas’ residential areas:
The Aetas’ residential areas was discussed on page 171.

Strategies for the water supply relying on the river system:
The strategies done for the water supply was discussed on page 172.
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia

Ways for enhancing the top soil, site preparation and planting:
The ways for enhancing the topsoil, preparartion of the site and site planting was discussed
on pages 160-161 and 164.

Diversity of species (Nitrogen Fixing Plants):
The list of the nitrogen fixing plants or potential species for the site can be seen on page
162.

Ways for quality planting stock production in the site:
The procedure for the quality planting stock production was discussed on page 163.

Efficient Road System for transportation of seedlings:
The main road system of the barangay that is connected to the main route going to the
municipality of Botolan’s town proper can be seen on page LA1-01-01 (Master Development
Plan).

Modifications on the Planting Plan (removal of Gmelina arborea and revision of
plant specifications and plant list):
The Gmelina tree (T6) is changed into Benguet Pine (Pinus insularis), which is a native
tree.
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A Sustainable Aeta Community: Regeneration Of Biodiversity And Food Gathering Culture In The
Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia
The specification of Boat Lily (S12), which is its size and spacing, was changed from
1000–1200 mm. ht. to 400–500 mm. ht. and 1000 mm. o.c. to 300 mm. o.c.

Location of plant nurseries in the area:
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Ancestral Land Of Botolan, Zambales Through Accelerating Ecological Succession
Paula Dominique E. Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia

Succession Timeline:
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Republic of the Philippines
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
OFFICE OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Guinhawa, City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000
Trunk line: (o44) 919-7800 loc.1063
email: library@bulsu.edu.ph
THESIS/DISSERTATION OPEN ACCESS PERMISSION
We, Calalang, Paula Dominique E., Eugenio, Enrique Miguel D.G., Hufancia, Joyce
Elisha M., of the thesis/dissertation entitled “A Sustainable Aeta Community:
Regeneration of Biodiversity and Food Gathering Culture in the Ancestral Land of
Botolan, Zambales through Accelerating Ecological Succession”, submitted to
the College of Architecture and Fine Arts as partial requirement for the degree of
Bachelor of Landscape Architecture do hereby grant to the University Library a
“non- exclusive worldwide, royalty-free license to reproduce, publish and publicly
distribute copies of said thesis/dissertation in whatever form subject to the
provisions of applicable laws. Specifically, the following rights are hereby granted
to the University Library:
1. to upload a copy of this work in BulSU thesis/dissertation database and in
any other of its databases available on the public internet;
2. to publish the work of its subsequent journal publications, both in print
format and online; and
3. to give open access to above-mentioned work, thus allowing “fair use” as
defined in the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, that, I/We be
properly acknowledged and cited as the author of the work.
PAULA DOMINIQUE E. CALALANG
SIGNATURE OVER PRINTED NAME/MAY 12, 2023
Republic of the Philippines
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
OFFICE OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Guinhawa, City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000
Trunk line: (o44) 919-7800 loc.1063
email: library@bulsu.edu.ph
THESIS/DISSERTATION OPEN ACCESS PERMISSION
THESIS/DISSERTATION TITLE: A SUSTAINABLE AETA COMMUNITY: REGENERATION OF
BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD GATHERING CULTURE IN THE ANCESTRAL LAND OF
BOTOLAN, ZAMBALES THROUGH ACCELERATING ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
AUTHOR/S: CALALANG, PAULA DOMINIQUE E., EUGENIO, ENRIQUE MIGUEL D.G.,
HUFANCIA, JOYCE ELISHA M.
ADVISER: L. AR., EN. P. ANGELO PAULO MOGUL
DATE SUBMITTED: JUNE 2023
DEGREE: BACHELOR OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
Specifically, the following rights are hereby granted to the University Library:
Statements:
Available to the general public
Abstract only
Available only after consultation with author
Upload a copy of this work in BulSU thesis/dissertation database
and in any other of its databases
Give open access to above-mentioned work, thus allowing “fair
use” as defined in the Intellectual Property Code of the
Philippines and properly acknowledged and cited as the author
of the work
Available only to those bound by confidentiality agreement
PAULA DOMINIQUE E. CALALANG
SIGNATURE OVER PRINTED NAME AND DATE
Yes
No
Republic of the Philippines
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
OFFICE OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Guinhawa, City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000
Trunk line: (o44) 919-7800 loc.1063
email: library@bulsu.edu.ph
Confidentiality Agreement for Theses and Dissertation Submission to the Library
This Confidentiality Agreement ("Agreement") is entered into by and between Bulacan
State University Library, hereinafter referred to as the "Library," and Paula Dominique E.
Calalang, Enrique Miguel D.G. Eugenio, and Joyce Elisha M. Hufancia, hereinafter
referred to as the "Author."
Purpose: The purpose of this Agreement is to establish the terms and conditions for the
handling and protection of theses and dissertations submitted by the Author to the
Library.
Confidentiality Obligations:
a. The Library agrees to treat all theses and dissertations submitted by the Author as
confidential and to exercise reasonable efforts to ensure their confidentiality.
b. The Library shall restrict access to the theses and dissertations only to authorized library
personnel and individuals involved in the evaluation or examination process.
c. The Library shall not disclose the content or any personal information contained within
the theses and dissertations to any third parties without the explicit written consent of the
Author unless required by law.
d. The Library shall implement appropriate physical, technical, and administrative
safeguards to prevent unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of the theses and
dissertations.
Use of Theses and Dissertations:
a. The Library shall use the theses and dissertations solely for the purpose of facilitating
academic research, scholarship, and learning within the authorized community.
b. The Library may create digital copies or make the theses and dissertations available in
electronic format for the purpose of access, preservation, and scholarly dissemination,
as per the Library's policies and guidelines.
c. The Author acknowledges that once the theses and dissertations are made available
to the public or specific academic community, complete confidentiality cannot be
guaranteed.
Republic of the Philippines
BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
OFFICE OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Guinhawa, City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000
Trunk line: (o44) 919-7800 loc.1063
email: library@bulsu.edu.ph
Author's Responsibilities:
a. The Author shall ensure that the content of the theses and dissertations does not
contain any sensitive or confidential information that should not be disclosed to the
public or shared beyond the authorized individuals.
b. The Author shall promptly inform the Library of any specific restrictions or limitations on
access, use, or disclosure of the theses and dissertations.
c. The Author acknowledges and agrees that the Library cannot be held responsible for
any unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of the theses and dissertations resulting from
factors beyond its reasonable control.
Term and Termination:
This Agreement shall remain in effect indefinitely, starting from the date of thesis or
dissertation submission, unless terminated by either party in writing. Upon termination, the
obligations of confidentiality shall continue to apply to the theses and dissertations
received by the Library during the term of this Agreement.
By signing below, the Library and the Author acknowledge that they have read,
understood, and agreed to the terms and conditions of this Confidentiality Agreement.
Librarian: Maria Pretty Lay T. Abdala
Date: June 02, 2023
Author(s): Calalang, Paula Dominique E., Eugenio, Enrique Miguel D.G., Hufancia, Joyce
Elisha M.
Date: June 02, 2023