SOUTHERN BAPTIST COLLEGE, INC. HIGH SCHOOL
M’lang, North Cotabato, 9402 Philippines
sbcmlanghs@gmail.com; 09518263138; 0645726321
ORAL
COMMUNICATION
IN CONTEXT
GRADE 11
QUARTER 1 SET 1
JUBILEE JOY S. DELA RAMA
Subject Teacher
Student’s Complete Name
Grade/Section/Strand
Contact Number
PROPERTY OF SOUTHERN BAPTIST COLLEGE- HS DEPARTMENT
ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT
MODULE (QUARTER 1- WEEK 1)
TOPIC 1: ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION

Nature of Communication
1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver).
3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions
(nonverbal), or both spoken words and nonverbal actions at the same time.
 Elements of Communication
Communication is divided into elements which help us better understand its
mechanics or process. These elements are the following:
1. Speaker – the source of information or message
2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words
or in actions
3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other
forms that the speaker understands.
4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or
nonverbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed.
5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the
receiver.
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message.
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.
8. Context – the environment where communication takes place.
9. Barrier/Noise – the factors that affect the flow of communication.
ACTIVITY:
A. What are the ways through which people communicate nowadays? List down at
least five communication processes you see around you and in which you
participate. Encircle the sender/source and underline the receiver.
B. Directions: After learning about the fundamentals of communication, it is now
time to let your creative juices flow by accomplishing this word map.
C. In a paragraph, write your ideas about the statement below:
“Communication is a social interaction through messages.”
Topic 2: Models of Communication
1. Transmission/ Linear Model
- created by Harold Laswell
- describes communication as a linear, one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits
a message to a receiver
- focuses on the sender and the message within a communication encounter.
2. Shannon-Weaver Model
- Known as the mother of all communication models.
- Created by Warren Weaver and Claude Shannon in 1948.
3. Westley and MacLean’s Model
- proposed by Bruce Westley and Malcom S. McLean Jr. in 1957.
- Westley and Maclean realized that communication does not begin when one person starts to
talk, but rather when a person responds selectively to his/her physical surroundings.
4. Wilbur Schramm Model of Communication
- This is known as a Circular Model, so that communication is something circular in nature.
- This model breaks the sender and receiver model it seems communication in a practical way.
It is not a traditional model.
5. David Berlo Model of Communication
- The SMCR model is an acronym for its four elements. These elements include the sender or
source, the message, the channel, and the receiver.
- An advantage of Berlo's model is that it is straightforward in comparison to modern
communication models. Another advantage of the model is that it aligns the medium of the
message and the receiver.
ACTIVITY:
I.
Select and illustrate one model of communication and explain how the
model works in our daily life.
a. Illustration of the Model:
b. Explanation of how it works in our daily life:
Topic 3: Communication Breakdown
 Breakdown in communication occurs when the message or the feedback is not sent
or received properly at least in the way that the source intends- or is not received
by the concerned party altogether.
 Noise is the technical term used to refer to all the possible barriers to effective
communication.
 Types of Noises
1. Physical Noise
-any external or environmental stimulus that distracts us from receiving the
intended message sent by a communicator.
Examples of physical noise include:
a. Others talking in the background
b. background music
c. a startling noise
d. acknowledging someone outside of the conversation
2. Psychological Noise
- originates from the emotional state, mental state makeup of a person.
Examples of psychological noise include:
a. Depression
b. Anger
c. Suspicions
d. Paranoia
e. Biases
3. Physiological Noise
- pertains to bodily conditions that compromise the ability of a person to
send or receive message.
Examples of physiological noise include:
a. Hunger
b. Stomachache
c. Mute or Deaf
4. Semantic Noise
-refers to anything related to the meaning of words that distorts or masks a
message and confuses the listener.
Examples of semantic noise include:
a. use of foreign language
b. limited vocabulary
c. different interpretations

Strategies to Avoid Communication Breakdown
1. Become an engaged listener.
2. Apply positive self-talk and perception.
3. Use appropriate language.
4. Be open.
5. Give and accept feedback.
6. Pay attention to non-verbal signals.
1. What are the barriers to communication?
Answer:
2. What are the common reasons behind the communication problem?
Answer:
3. What are the different strategies to overcome communication breakdown?
Answer:
4. As a student, why is it important to use various strategies in avoiding
communication breakdown? Cite a concrete example to prove your answer.
Answer:
Topic 4: Intercultural Communication
Intercultural communication refers to the process of exchanging information,
ideas, and messages between individuals or groups from different cultural
backgrounds. It involves the interaction between people who have distinct cultural
norms, values, beliefs, customs, languages, and communication styles. Effective
intercultural communication requires sensitivity, awareness, and skills to navigate
the challenges and potential misunderstandings that can arise due to cultural
differences

The Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity
The Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) offers a structure that
explores how people experience cultural differences. According to Bennett and Bennett
(2004), it has six stages.
These are the following:
 Stage 1: Denial. The individual does not recognize cultural differences.
An individual in the denial stage might be heard saying:
“All cities are the same; they all have tall buildings, fast food chains, and coffee
shops.”
 Stage 2: Defense. The individual starts to recognize cultural differences and is
intimidated by them, resulting in either a superior view on own culture or an
unjustified high regard for the new one.
An individual in the defense stage might be heard saying:
“This culture does not view life the way we do; our culture is certainly better.”
“Their ways are better than my own; I wish I were one of them.”
 Stage 3: Minimization. Although individuals see cultural differences, they bank
more on the universality of ideas rather than on cultural differences.
An individual in the minimization stage might be heard saying:
“Once we see through the cultural differences, we really are just the same!”
 Stage 4: Acceptance. The individual begins to appreciate important cultural
differences in behaviors and eventually in values.
An individual in the acceptance stage might be heard saying:
“These people and I have different values and experiences, and I think we can learn
from one another.”
 Stage 5: Adaptation. The individual is very open to world views when accepting
new perspectives.
An individual in the adaptation stage might be heard saying:
“To address our issue, I have to adjust my approach to consider both my own and my
counterpart’s background.”
 Stage 6: Integration. Individuals start to go beyond their own cultures and see
themselves and their actions based on multifarious cultural viewpoints.
An individual in the integration stage might be heard saying:
“I can look at things from the perspective of various cultures.”
ACTIVITY:
1. Brainstorm for a logo for your business that will show an integration of the cultures
of the countries you are from.
2. Draw it on the space below.
3. Do these in 10 minutes.