2.3-recruitment, Selection and Training of Workers
Why recruit ?
Why do business recruit?
-
To replace staff who have left or been promoted
Bring staff with new skills
Recruit more staff as business expands
When someone in the company retires
Recruitment
Overall process of attracting, shortlisting, selecting and appointing suitable candidates for jobs
within as organization
1- Job Analysis- A study of the tasks and activities to be carried out by the new employee
2- Job description- This describes the main duties and responsibilities of the job
3- Job Specifications- The qualifications and qualities necessary to perform the job( e.g.
educational requirements, experience needed)
Types of recruitment
Internal and External recruitment
Internal Recruitment
Promoting or moving workers from one job to another within the company
Advantages
-
Saves time and money- Don’t need to spend money on advertising the job vacancy
Applicants ‘know’ the firm- the firm know the applicant
Motivates other workers ( chance for them to get promoted)
Disadvantages
-
Applicants may not bring in new ideas
Promoting an employee may make other employees jealous and demotivated
Recruiting channels:
- Noticeboards
- Company Newsletters
- HR sends to all Email
External Recruitment
Recruiting someone who is not an existing employee and will be new to the business
Advantages
-
New ideas from new workers
More likely to hire someone who matches job specification
Disadvantages
-
Expensive- need to advertise job
Demotivating for internal candidates
Recruiting channels:
- Local newspaper
- National newspaper
- Recruitment agencies
- Job centers
- Carrels websites
Method of
recruitment
Advantages
Disadvantages
Examples of jobs suitable for this
method of recruitment
INTERNAL:
Noticeboard at the
company ( or
company
newspaper )
EXTERNAL: Local
newspaper
It is cheaper
and quicker
Lack of fresh
ideas
Manager
Bringing new
contests
The lack of
newspaper
reader’s
Directly
targeting for
specific type
of people
It could be
expensive
Saves a lot of
time and
money
Saves a lot of
time and
money
Likely to be
expensive
National newspaper
Specialist Magazines
Online recruitment
sites
Recruitment
agencies
Government-run
Job Center
Selection process
So the first thing that we need to do is to review Application and CV of all the applicants, so
that we know if the person may be suitable for the job
Testing- we can ask them to take one of the below to identify their suitability
-
Skill test
Aptitude test
Personality test
Group situation test
And them we could invite them for a interview- to find out more about the applicant, after we
learn more about the applicant we can start selection- and pick the best candidates
Benefits and limitations of full- time employees
A full-time contract is where the employee works around 36-40 hours a week.
Good side
-
Full time workers tend to have batter performance
Better knowledge of the service or product
More commitment to the business- as they feel part of belonging
Better communication within the team
Bad side
-
Organization will be paying wages even if is very quiet or not busy
Can be expensive having too many full time workers
Benefits and limitations of part- time employees
This is where the company employs people to work less hours than full- time worker. Normally
around 16-20 hours a week.
Good side
-
Have more employees during busy periods
Flexible working hours , so could have them whenever you want them to be there with
reasonable request
Less expensive than hiring full- time employees
Bad sides
-
Workers are less trained than full- time employees ( because their job is temporary )
Less committed to the business, because is a temporary job
More difficult to communicate with part-time workers when they are note at work
Importance of training to a business and to employees
Training is important to a business as it will improve the worker’s skills and knowledge and
help the business be more efficient and productive, especially when new process and products
are introduced. It will improve the worker’s chances at getting promoted and raise their
morale.
Train is good because:
-
Trained workers are more productive
Decrease the amount supervision required
May lead to job satisfaction
Reduce accidents and injuries
Improve chances for internal promotion
Types of training
-
Induction training
On-the-job training
Off-the-Job training
Induction training
An Induction given to new
employee, explains the
firm’s activities, customs and
procedures, and introducing
them to their fellow workers
Advantages
- Helps new
employees to settle
into their job quickly
- May be a legal
requirement to give
health and safety
training at the start
of a job
Disadvantages
- Is time- consuming
- Means wages are
paid but no work is
being done by the
worker
- Delays the start of
the employee
commencing their
job
-
On-the- job training
This occurs when a more
experienced worker doing
the job trains an
inexperienced member of
staff on certain tasks. Some
organization will bring an
external trainer to train
employees on the job
Mentoring
Off- the- Job
This involves being trained
away from the workplace,
usually by specialist trainers
in a college or university
Means workers are
less likely to make
mistakes
Advantages
- It ensures there is
some production
from worker whilst
they are training
- It usually costs less
than off- the- job
training
- It is training to the
specific needs of the
business
Disadvantages
- The trainer will lose
some production
time as they taking
some time to teach
the new employee
- The trainer may
have bad habits that
can passed onto the
trainee
- It may not
necessarily
recognized training
qualifications
outside the business
Advantages
- A broad range of
skills can be taught
using these
techniques
- Employees may be
taught a variety of
skills and they may
become multiskilled
that can allow them
to do various job in
the company when
the need arises
Disadvantages
- Costs are high,
courses are
expensive
- It means wages are
paid but no work is
being done by the
worker, they are
learning new skills
- The Additional
qualifications means
it is easier for the
employee to leave
and find another job.
Difference between dismissal and redundancy
Dismissal- Where a worker is told to leave their job because their work or behavior is
unsatisfactory
Redundancy- When as employee is no longer needed and so loses their work, through not due
to any fault of their. They may be given some money as compensation for the redundancy
Downsizing the workforce
Here is why might a business need to reduce the number of employees
-
Automation- technology takes over
Reduced demand for products- meaning less people needed to make the products
Factory/ shop closure
Business relocating
Business merging
Some jobs are no longer needed
Legal controls over employment issues
Legal controls over employment contracts, unfair dismissal, discrimination, health and safety,
legal minimum wage
All countries have laws to ensure that employees are treated equally fairly and are not
discriminated because of their age, color or beliefs.
So business are required by law to treat their employed equally in the workplace and when
being recruited and selected- there should be no discrimination based o age, gender, religion,
race, etc…
Recruitment Process- revision
Analyse the exact nature of the job and duties to be undertaken
Design a Job Description
Design a Job Specification
Advertise the vacancy
Send out application forms to the applicants or read curriculum vitaes/ résumés and
letters of application
6- Produce a short list from the replies of those to interview and take up references
7- Hold Interviews and selection tasks
8- Select suitable applicant and offer them the job. Reply to unsuccessful candidates
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