JOSERIZ REVIEWER
JOSE P. RIZAL: HIS EXILE TRIAL AND DEATH
lupain sa Dapitan o Talisay at
nagtayo ng bahay.
Rizal In Dapitan:

July 17, 1892- Rizal arrived in
Dapitan on board the steamer Cebu
(average na barko/bangka; purpose
ay to send prisoners in Dapitan;
Military personnel lang ang
gumagamit).

Dapitan that time- was a remote
town in Mindanao which served as a
politico-military outpost of
Spaniards in the Philippines.
 Barrio- bahay ng military;
blank slate


Capitan Ricardo Carnicero- headed
the military at Dapitan, he became a
friend of Rizal during his exile.
- Leader of military outpost
- Walang bahay si Rizal. Sa house
of Jesuit Priests dapat
maninirahan si Rizal pero dito
siya nanirahan sa Capitan kasi
need iretract ang writings.
4 years of Solitude- the quiet place
in Talisay became his home from
1892 to 1896.
- Malapit sa dagat may maliit na
bangka- Calamba Kagaya

3 Buildings:
 Square- with Soledad and
Trining pati si Miss J. House dito
nakatira Pti mother pag
bumisita.
 Hexagon- hayop/manukan
(poultry)
 Octagon- school/clinic
 Reason: bored siya kasi
madaling gawin ang simpleng
bahay; Tulong sa kanyang mga
estudyante para maaral ang
shapes.
Life in Dapitan:

5:00 AM- Rizal get up early.

7:30 AM- He had his breakfast. (kape,
sweets, at malagkit)

1:00 PM- Teaching the boys and
farming.

12:00 NN- Lunch

RELIEF MAP- made by Rizal and Padre
Sanchez
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Life in Talisay:
LOTTO- Lucky number 9 7 3 6
-
PHP 6,200 ang share ni Rizal.
Si Capitan Carnicero ang kahati niya.
(million) binayaran ang utang kay
Paciano at sa mga kaibigan sa
Europa. Ang natira ay ipambibili ng
-
Ang mga tao sa Dapitan ay hindi
alam ang itsura ng lugar, ang alam
ay square.
Para malaman ang lokasyon o
direksyon
Walang gagawa
Mga estudyante ang nagdrawing (815-17 ages)
Restoration
OCTAGON
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
He established a school that catered to
education of the young people for free.
(agriculture and engineering)

He thought them arithmetic, geography,
Spanish and English. (not more than 10
students)

Together with his students, they
constructed a water system to supply
the town with water for irrigation and
drinking.
-

RIZAL’S LETTER TO HIS MOTHER

Talisay Water System (Rizal’s Dam
Aqueduct)
2 months to construct.

He also helped in putting up lampposts
at every corner of the town. Design
from Europe (dahil malamok, gasera
ang mayroon)

He worked for the development of the
sugar, abaca, and lumber trading.

He developed studies about different
species that could be found in Dapitan:
Josephine Bracken(Miss J)- adopted
daughter of George Taufer.
- Suffering from an eye aliment.
- Rizal’s common law wife (live in)
- They lived as husband and wife in
Rizal’s octagonal house, unmarried.
- Francisco (anak na namatay)
- Maria (adopted child pero binawi ng
totoong pamilya)
Dapitan, 15 January 1896
“You will receive a small quantity of
salted fish that was prepared by the
person who lives in my house. She is
good, obedient, and submissive. We lack
nothing, except that we are not married,
but as yourself say: It is better to live in
the grace of God than being married in
mortal sin. Until now we have not
quarreled and when I advise her, she
does not answer back. If you come and
accept her, I expect that she will get
along with you. Besides, she has nobody
in the world except me. I am all her
kinsfolk.”
Imprisonment and Trial
 Draco Rizali (flying lizard)- isang
butiki
 Rhacophorus Rizali (tree frog)isang palaka
 Apogonia Rizali- isang
salagubang
 Bubuli- sand lizard


He opened an eye clinic for the poor,
some of his patients came from
different parts of the country and from
Hongkong.
George Taufer- step father of Josephine
Bracken.

IMPRISONMENT:
June 21, 1896- Dr. Pio Valenzuela visited
Rizal and informed him about the
founding of Katipunan and the planned
revolution. Rizal objected to the idea.

July 31, 1896- His exile in Dapitan ended,
he volunteered to serve as a surgeon
under Spanish army in Cuba.

August 19, 1896- the secret society of
Katipunan was revealed and they
accused Rizal as the founder in
Katipunan. (akala ay La Liga Filipina)
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
September 2, 1896- nalaman ni Rizal

October 3, 1896- Rizal reached
Barcelona but was sent back to Manila.


HIS EXECUTION:
November 3, 1896- He arrived in Manila
and was imprisoned in Fort Santiago. (32
days ang byahe; walang memo or formal
letter)
THE TRIAL

November 20, 1896- the preliminary
investigation of Rizal’s case began.
Charges of Rizal:
1. Heretic Writings- through his writings,
Rizal encouraged rebellion against the
church and government.
Some writings used against him:
 Hymn of Talisay
 Noli Me Tangere
 El Filibusterismo
2. Founder of KKK- he was accused as the
leader of the uprising and founder of the
KKK.
Evidences:
 Photograph of Rizal was found at
KKK headquarters.
 His name was used as password
of KKK.
THE TRIAL

Luis Taviel De Andrade- brother of
Rizal’s guard in Calamba.
- Rizal’s lawyer who tried to save
Rizal.
THE DECISION

December 26, 1896- Jose Rizal’s trial
ended, and the sentence was read.
December 29, 1896- Governador
General Camilo de Polavieja signed the
court decision.

December 29, 1896- Rizal was
informed about the decision; he will
be executed by firing squad at 7:00
AM of December 30.

To my family,
I ask you forgiveness for the pain
I cause you, but some day I shall have to die,
and it is better that I die now in the plentitude
of my conscience.
Dear Parents and brothers: give thanks to God
that I may preserve my tranquility before my
death. I die resigned, hoping that with death
you will be left in peace. Ah! It is better to die
than to live suffering. Console yourselves.
I enjoin you to forgive one another little
meanness of life and try to live united in peace
and good harmony. Treat your old parents as
you would like to be treated by your children
later. Love them very much in my memory.
Bury me in the ground. Place a stone and a cross
over it. My name, the date of my birth and of
my death. Nothing more. If later you wish to
surround my grave with a fence, you can do it.
No anniversaries. I prefer Paang Bundok
Have pity on poor Josephine.

Mi Ultimo Adios- one of Rizal’s longest
poems stating his last farewell to his
countrymen.
“Farewell to you all, from my soul torn
away, Friends of my childhood in the
home dispossessed! Give thanks that I
rest from the wearisome day! Farewell
to thee, too, sweet friend that lightened
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my way; Beloved creatures all, farewell!
In death there is rest!”

December 30, 1896
 6:30 AM- Rizal in a black suit
with his arms tied behind his
back, walked to Bagumbayan.

JOSE RIZAL AND THE PHILIPPINE
NATIONALISM
 7:03 AM- he was shot in the
back by a firing squad. He
hesitated, turned halfway
around to face his executioners,
and fell on his back to face the
Philippine sun.
KILL COMMAND:



Preparen- Prepare (executioners, if may
bullets or working)
Apunten- Aim (bumuntong hininga)
Fuego- to Fire
Consummatum Est- it is finished. (My part is
finished, kayo naman; Now it is our turn to
continue what he started)
AFTER HIS DEATH

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
Rizal was buried without a coffin.Rizal’s
sister, Narcisa, went to all the
cemeteries of Manila looking for the
remains in vain. – small hospital (Cart
Lagayan).. Mother and sister begged.
Sapatos na itim/ Pako Cemeterybasurahan (tambakan ng basura)- small
marble (RPJ)
1896-1898- kinuha ang bangkay, maliit,
maliit ang sapatos, at yung tama ng baril
(inuwi sa Binondo)
1911- Rizal was properly buried in
Luneta
President Aguinaldo- he mandated a
decree, Rizal death anniversary to
commemorate every December 30
(holiday)
Namatay si Teodora- weeks after Rizal’s
death pero umattend ng libing ni Rizal.

National Symbols
- Republic Act of 8491
- An act prescribing the code of the
national flag, anthem, motto, coat
of arms, and other heraldic items
and devices of the Philippines.

National Flag- golden yellow, blue,
and red
National Anthem- Lupang Hinirang
National Motto- Maka-Diyos, MakaTao, Makalikasan, at Makabansa


OFFICIAL

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National Flower- Sampaguita
National Tree- Narra
National Bird- Philippine Eagle
National Gem- Philippine Peal
National Sports- Arnis
UNOFFICIAL




National Fruit- Mango
National Animal- Carabao
National Leaf- Anahaw
National Hero- Jose P. Rizal
JOSE P. RIZAL



Country’s well-known hero but belongs
to unofficial national symbol category.
No other Filipino can surpass Rizal (Dr.
Esteban De Ocampo)
From the various representations of
Rizal as a national symbol, one may
learn significant ideals and principles
that may be of good use in everyday
life.
JOSERIZ REVIEWER
VALUES DERIVED FROM RIZAL’S LIFE
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Nationalism- involves the desire to
attain freedom and political
independence, especially by a country
under a foreign power.
Patriotism- denotes proud devotion and
loyalty to one’s nation.
Love of Fellowmen and Parents- Rizal
advocated thinking well of our
fellowmen. His life exemplified the
principle that love of neighbor entails
involvement in his or her behalf.
Devotion to Truth- Rizal’s persevering
search for truth in serving his country
was a motivating virtue.
Dedication to Duty- he virtually
dedicated his whole life to securing
freedom for his country and happiness
for his people, a commitment
historically unequaled in the history of
his country.
Moral Courage- Rizal’s courage in
working for the betterment of his
country, despite all odds, is a virtue that
is so essential even today.

Initiative- Rizal manifested the power to
act or take charge before others do,
especially in nationalistic pursuits.

Frugality- Rizal was careful about
spending money and any other
resources and in using things when he
did not need to.
HERO/BAYANI (Merriam Webster)




Mythological or legendary figure often
of divine descent endowed with great
strength or ability.
An illustrious warrior
One who shows great courage.
A person admired for achievements and
noble qualities.
HERO/BAYANI (UP Diksiyonaryong Filipino)



A person of extraordinary courage and
ability
Leading man in a play
A person considered to posses
extraordinary talents or someone who
did something noble (dakila)
BAYANI (Albert Ocampo, 2016)

“Bayani is a richer word than hero
because it may be rooted in bayan as
place or in doing something great, not
for oneself but for a greater good, for
community or nation.”
HISTORICAL FIGURES RECOMMENDED AS
NATIONAL HER0

Selection and Proclamation of National
Heroes and Law Honoring Filipino
Historical Figures (by National
Commission for Culture and Arts)

NO LAW, EXECUTIVE ORDER OR
PROCLAMATION has been enacted or
issued proclaiming any Filipino historical
figure as a national hero.
EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 75 (Creating the
National Heroes Committee under the Office of
the President)

March 28, 1993- President Fidel V.
Ramos issued this EO to study and
evaluate and recommend Filipino
national heroes in recognition of their
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sterling character and remarkable
achievements for the country.
CRITERIA FOR NATIONAL HEROES
1. Heroes are those who have a concept of
nation and thereafter aspire and
struggle for the nation’s freedom. In
reality, however, a revolution has no
end. Revolutions are only the beginning.
One cannot aspire to be free only to
sink back into bondage.
2. Heroes are those who define and
contribute to a system or life of
freedom and order for a nation.
Freedom without order will only lead to
anarchy. Therefore, heroes are those
who make nation’s constitution and
laws. To the latter, constitutions are only
the beginning, for it is the people living
under the constitution that truly
constitute a nation.
ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR NATIONAL HEROES
1. A hero is part of people’s expression.
But the process of people’s
internalization of a hero’s life and works
takes time, with the youth forming a
part of the internalization.
2. A hero thinks of the future, especially
the future generations.
3. The choice of a hero involves not only
the recounting of an episode or events
in history, but of the entire process that
made this particular person a hero.
an inspiration to the Philippine
National Movement.
-Jose Rizal’s ideals encourage
Filipinos to be part of the
change.
b) Andres Bonifacio- may pag-asa
-a passionate warrior and
revolutionary leader
-self-educated man who taught
himself how to read fluently in
Tagalog and Spanish.
- believes that all Filipinos are
brothers and equal regardless
of social statures and gender.
c) Emilio Aguinaldo- achieved
independence of Philippines
from Spain and was elected the
first president of the new
republic under the Malolos
Congress.
-led the Philippine-American
Was against U.S. resistance to
Philippine independence.
d) Apolinario Mabini- statesman
who served first as a legal and
constitutional adviser to the
First Philippine Republic.
-brain of the revolution
-he served Aguinaldo’s cabinet
as President of the Council of
Secretaries and Secretary of
Foreign Affairs
November 15, 1995

The technical committee, after
deliberation and careful study of the
given criteria, selected the following
figures to be recommended as National
Heroes.
a) Jose Rizal- a patriot, physician
and a man of letters who was
e) Marcelo H. Del Pilar- Paridel
- a Filipino writer, lawyer,
journalist, and freemason
-did not hesitate to criticize the
Spanish government and their
treatment of Filipinos.
-Spaniards feared him more
than they did to Rizal.
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f)
Sultan Dipatuan Kudaratdefender of faith
-recognized as the most
powerful Muslim ruler in the
Philippines
-took 300 years to be
recognized and honored given
to his very great and most
valiant Muslim Leader.
g) Juan Luna- considered one of
the greatest Filipino Artists.
-he is famous for his work,
Spoliarium, The Parsian Life,
Españ a y Filipina, El Pacto de
Sangre, Damas Romañ as
-his artworks are the root of a
society’s collective memory.
h) Melchora Aquino- she earned
the names “Woman of
Revolution”, “Mother of
Balintawak”, “Mother of the
Philippine Revolution”, and
“Tandang Sora”.
-secret meetings of the
Katipuneros were also held at
her house.
i)
Gabriela Silang- first heroine of
Ilocos, also known as Joan of
Arc of Ilocandia.
-she took over the leadership
from her husband, Diego Silang,
after his assassination.
THE PHILIPPINES: A CENTURY HENCE


This essay was published serially in the
Filipino fortnightly review “La
Solidaridad” of Madrid, running through
the issues
Essay Part 1: Will the PH remain a
colony of Spain?
Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años

Forecasts the country’s futurr within
hundred years
Course of Miseries
1. Spain’s Implementation of its military
laws
-because of such policies, the Philippine
population decreased significantly.
Poverty became more widespread, and
farmlands were to left wither. The
family as a unit of society was
neglected, and overall, every aspect of
the life of the Filipino was retarded.
2. Deterioration and disappearance of
Filipino indigenous culture
- When spain came with the sword
and the cross, it gradually destroyed
the native Philippine Culture.
3. Passivity and submissiveness to the
Spanish colonizers
- One of the most powerful forces
influencing a culture of silence
among the natives was the Spanish
friars. Because of the use of force
and intimidation, unfairly using
God’s name, the Filipinos learned to
submit themselves to the will of
foreigners.
RIZAL’S OPTIMISTIC VIEWS:
1. Keeping the people uneducated
and ignorant had failed
2. Keeping the people
impoverished also came to no
avail (maparaan)
3. Exterminating the people as an
alternative to hindering
progress did not work either
(burahin sa mapa ang Pilipinas)
Main points of essay:
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1. Using the past to understand the
present thus predicting the future.
2. Filipinos have lost confidence in their
past, lost faith in the present, and lost
their hopes in the future.
3. The Filipinos will still be under Spain if
they implement the freedom of the
press, practice human rights and the
Filipinos have representation in the
Spanish Cortez.
- Liberty from Spaniards and not Total
separation
4. If the reforms are not implemented the
spirit of nation rises and thus a
revolution is highly positive
IMPORTANCE OF THE ESSAY
•Rizal shares why we must focus on
strengthening the most important backbone of
the country
• The essay serve as a reminder that we
Filipinos, are historically persevering and strongminded.
Challenges that Confront the Filipinos
The question now lies in whether or not we,
Filipinos, are truly independent.
Challenges:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Failure of the family
Educational System
Political Leaders
National Character