:
❖ To learn the procedure and parameters of a dip stick urinalysis examination
❖ To monitor water regulation of the Kidneys using dip stick urinalysis
❖ To determine the specific gravity of a urine sample using a hydrometer
I
❖ Describe the functions of the Kidneys
❖ Name the four processes of urine formation
❖ Describe the counter current mechanism
❖ Describe renal function tests, 3 main tests from blood sample and three main
tests from urine sample
❖ Describe the parameters of dip stick urinalysisM
:
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You will be working in groups of 5, 4 participants and 1 secretary
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Participants will empty the bladder immediately before entering the lab
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Participant 01 will be the control and does not drink anything while in the lab
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Participants 02 will drink water at 10mL/Kg [ave. 600ml] after entering the lab
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participant 03 will drink 10mL/kg [ave. 600ml] normal saline
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Participant 04 will drink 10mL/kg [ave. 600mL] strong black tea
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Secretary will note the time at which the participants take the fluids [NB
ALL PARTICIPANTS SHOULD TAKE THE FLUIDS AT THE SAME TIME)
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The demonstrators will explain how to take dip stick urinalysis using the
procedure outlined below and how to take a hydrometer
•
The participants will empty the bladder 20 minutes using measuring beaker to
note the volume of urine perform dip stick urinalysis on this sample, take
hydrometer reading
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After 20 minutes the participants will empty the bladder for the last time and the
volume of urine is measured using a beaker, dip stick urinalysis performed on the
sample and hydrometer reading recorded
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The Secretary will submit a copy of their results at the end of the lab
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A full lab Report will be submitted at the Physiology Lab after 7 days
STEPS FOR URINALYSIS DIP STICK
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Explains procedure and obtains consent
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Asks for underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension or other
medical condition
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Collects required equipment (gloves, sample bottle, urinalysis kit, timer, paper and
pen, assistant)
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Checks expiry of the urinalysis dip sticks
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Provides labelled sample bottle
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Explains how to get a clean catch urine (mid Stream Urine, Early morning sample)
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Wears examination gloves
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Record the findings of Macroscopic examination of urine
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Dips the urine stick completely in urine for 3 to 5 seconds
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Removes and keeps in horizontal position [NB: Urinalysis stick should not get in
direct contact with the urinalysis bottle]
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Correctly observes time for each test as described on the urinalysis bottle
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Documents finding
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Discards dip stick appropriately
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Interpret your findings in the discussion (lab report)
NB: FOR this lab you will be required to compare the volume and the specific
gravity of urine samples between the participants and how it relates to kidney
osmoregulation. You will also be required to compare the specific gravity
determined by the dip stick urinalysis with that measured by the hydrometer
Specific Gravity (SG) =
1 + hydrometer
reading
1000