Abstract
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) poses significant challenges in modern electronic
devices, affecting their performance, reliability, and compliance with regulatory standards.
This report explores the importance of minimizing EMI and provides insights into effective
strategies for mitigating its impact through good product design practices. The abstract begins
by highlighting the ubiquity of EMI, stemming from both natural and man-made sources. It
emphasizes the potential disruptions caused by EMI and the need to understand its effects on
various industries. From consumer electronics to critical medical equipment and military
systems, the consequences of EMI can range from minor inconveniences to severe
malfunctions. Hence, the report emphasizes the significance of addressing EMI-related issues
to ensure optimal device functionality. To comprehensively comprehend EMI, it is crucial to
consider its two aspects: conducted or radiated emissions from electronic devices and their
susceptibility to EMI from external sources. Electronic devices themselves act as both sources
and victims of EMI, generating unwanted electromagnetic energy while being vulnerable to
interference from other devices or environmental factors. Achieving a perfect device that
generates no EMI and exhibits absolute immunity is unfeasible, but the goal is to regulate the
conducted or radiated emissions within acceptable limits defined by regulatory bodies. The
report emphasizes the importance of early integration of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
considerations in the design process. By adhering to good product design practices, engineers
and manufacturers can minimize the occurrence of EMI-related issues and ensure compliance
with EMC requirements. Neglecting EMC considerations until the final stages of development
can lead to costly delays and rework. Effective strategies for minimizing EMI include proper
board zoning, careful routing of analogue and RF traces, and the use of shielding techniques.
Board zoning involves separating digital, analogue, RF, and other sensitive circuits to minimize
unwanted coupling. Careful routing ensures that analogue traces are kept away from switching
digital lines and clocks to avoid interference between them. Furthermore, shielding techniques,
such as enclosures and shielding materials, can be employed to minimize the propagation of
electromagnetic fields and reduce the coupling of unwanted signals. Understanding the specific
EMC requirements for each country and product classification is essential. Compliance with
these requirements ensures the proper functioning and coexistence of electronic devices. The
report emphasizes that considering EMC from the initial stages of product development not
only minimizes EMI-related risks but also streamlines the overall design process, leading to
reduced costs and improved time-to-market. In conclusion, this report underscores the