1. What is the primary sugar component of
peptidoglycan in both Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacteria?
a) Glucose
b) N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)
c) N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
d) Ribose
Answer: b) N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)
2. In Gram-negative bacteria, which amino acid
is commonly found in the peptide chains for
cross-linking peptidoglycan?
a) L-lysine
b) D-alanine
c) Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
d) L-glutamic acid
Answer: c) Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
3. In Gram-positive bacteria, what amino acid
is often used for cross-linking peptidoglycan?
a) L-lysine
b) D-alanine
c) Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
d) L-glutamic acid
Answer: a) L-lysine
4. Which type of bond links Nacetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic
acid (NAM) in the glycan chains of
peptidoglycan?
a) Hydrogen bond
b) Ionic bond
c) Glycosidic bond
d) Covalent bond
Answer: c) Glycosidic bond
5. What is the primary role of the peptide
chains in peptidoglycan?
a) To provide color to the bacterial cell wall
b) To facilitate DNA replication
c) To cross-link the glycan chains and provide
structural stability
d) To transport nutrients into the cell
Answer: c) To cross-link the glycan chains and
provide structural stability
6. Which type of bacteria has an outer
membrane in addition to the peptidoglycan
layer in its cell wall?
a) Gram-positive
b) Gram-negative
c) Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Gram-negative
7. In some Gram-positive bacteria, what is the
common composition of the peptide chain in
the pentaglycine bridge?
a) L-lysine
b) D-alanine
c) L-alanine
d) Glycine
Answer: d) Glycine
8. What type of bond links the amino acids
within the peptide chains of peptidoglycan?
a) Hydrogen bond
b) Ionic bond
c) Peptide bond
d) Glycosidic bond
Answer: c) Peptide bond
9. Which component of peptidoglycan is
targeted by antibiotics like penicillin to weaken
the bacterial cell wall?
a) Glycan chains
b) Peptide chains
c) Glycosidic bonds
d) Peptide bonds
Answer: d) Peptide bonds
10. What is the primary role of peptidoglycan
in bacterial cells?
a) To store genetic information
b) To protect against desiccation
c) To provide structural support and maintain
cell shape
d) To facilitate cellular respiration
Answer: c) To provide structural support and
maintain cell shape
1. What is the primary role of peptidoglycan in
bacterial cell walls?
a) Energy storage
b) Protection against UV radiation
c) Structural support and maintenance of cell
shape
d) Facilitating protein synthesis
Answer: c) Structural support and maintenance
of cell shape
2. Which sugar molecule is a component of the
glycan chains in peptidoglycan?
a) Glucose
b) Fructose
c) N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
d) N-acetylgalactosamine (NAG)
Answer: c) N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
3. In Gram-negative bacteria, what is the
primary role of DAP (diaminopimelic acid) in
peptidoglycan?
a) To provide color to the cell wall
b) To form glycosidic bonds
c) To cross-link the peptide chains
d) To transport nutrients into the cell
Answer: c) To cross-link the peptide chains
4. What is the main function of the peptide
chains in peptidoglycan?
a) Storing genetic information
b) Facilitating cell division
c) Cross-linking the glycan chains to provide
strength
d) Catalyzing metabolic reactions
Answer: c) Cross-linking the glycan chains to
provide strength
5. Which type of bond links the amino acids
within the peptide chains of peptidoglycan?
a) Hydrogen bond
b) Ionic bond
c) Peptide bond
d) Glycosidic bond
Answer: c) Peptide bond
1. With distinct nucleus
a) Archaea
b) Archaea and Bacteria
c) Neither archaea nor bacteria
Correct Answer: Neither archaea nor bacteria.
2. Prokaryotic organisms
a) Archaea
b) Archaea and Bacteria
c) Neither archaea nor bacteria
Correct Answer: Archaea and Bacteria.
3. Reproduce by binary fission
a) Archaea
b) Archaea and Bacteria
c) Neither archaea nor bacteria
Correct Answer: Archaea and Bacteria.
4. Carry out methanogenesis
a) Archaea
b) Archaea and Bacteria
c) Neither archaea nor bacteria
Correct Answer: Archaea.
5. Cell wall is made up of pseudopeptidoglycan
a) Archaea
5. Cell wall is made up of pseudopeptidoglycan
a) Archaea
b) Archaea and Bacteria
c) Neither archaea nor bacteria
Correct Answer: Archaea.