LEARNER GUIDE
NAME:
Machipi Tinotenda
CANDIDATE NUMBER:
CLASS:
3Green
SCHOOL:
Chiredzi Government High School
CALA COMPONENT
B
LEARNING AREA:
GEOGRAPHY (4022)
TOPIC:
Landforms and Landscape Processes
Subtopic:
Earthquakes
Cala Tittle
An Inquiry into Causes, Effects and Measures of
Earthquakes in Chiredzi District.
DURATION:
1 weeks
Background
Chiredzi district among other districts in Masvingo have experienced several tremors and minor
earthquakes recently which have concerned villagers who live in fear of their livelihoods and their
infrastructure. An increase in the magnitude of such earthquakes has led to anticipation of a
catastrophic disaster by Zimbabweans generally. In line with this background, as a learner at
Chiredzi Govt High School you are tasked to research on this problem, highlighting its causes,
effects and suggesting mitigatory measures.
ACTIVITIES
Part A
a) Researching and outlining geological conditions leading to occurrence of seismic shocks. (5)
Part B
a) Explain the negative impacts of earthquakes in Chiredzi District. (10)
b) Outline measures residents can adopt to reduce the impacts of earthquakes. (5)
Part C
Design or draw a sketch illustrating the nature of earthquakes. (5)
How you will be assessed
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Your answers and presentations on all five items will be assessed.
You must outline all the geological conditions leading to earthquakes.
You must describe all earthquake waves.
You must explain the negative impacts of earthquakes in Chiredzi District.
You must list measures residents can adopt to reduce the impacts of earthquakes.
Eventually you must draw or design a sketch illustrating the nature of earthquakes.
Some CALA “tips’’
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Remember this task must be completed within the stipulated time (1 week).
Collect information from the internet
Answers
1.softness of the surface rocks
b)thickness of surface sediments
c)masses of rock straining against another suddenly fracture and slip
d)tectonic plates grind past one another
e)sudden movement of rocks along fault with in earth
2.Earthquakes can cause secondary hazards that include fires ,landslides,floods and tsunami.They are
also known as cascading events such as loss of electricity ,disrupted routes of transportation .Ground
shaking increases as magnitude increases. The vibrations from a earthquakes can lead to ground
displacement .The surface rupture cause damage to roads and buildings. Earthquake shaking can cause
landslides on many scales.Buildings can be destroyed and cracked into two leading them to be
homeless.They are very dangerous to human life .When strong infrastructures are demolished they
break down causing air pollution and it may be harmful to our health.Poles of electricity wil be
destroyed leading to people being in dark and loss of lives increases.
3.Building safer structures
b)providing education on earthquake safety
c)install ledge barriers on shelves
d)fastening down furniture
e)putting anti shatter coatings on glass windows