Module 2 Lesson 3
Act of Proclamation of Independence of the Filipino People
(Acta de la proclamacion de la independencia del pueblo Filipino)
●
About the Document
○ 21-page
○ In Spanish
○ Prepared, written and read by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
●
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
○ Aka Don Bosyong
○ A lawyer and author of the Declaration of the Philippine Independence
○ Distant relative of Rizal
○ Adviser of Rizal during his high school days in Manila
○ A La Liga Filipina member
○ Solicited funds to finance the campaign for reforms
○ First adviser of President Emilio Aguinaldo
●
Emilio Aguinaldo
○ Filipino Revolutionary and Military Leader
○ First President of the Philippinrdd
○ One of the greaters Filipino General
○ Kaaway hi Andres Bonifacio
○ Led the Ph forces against Spain
●
INDEPENDENCE DAY; 12th of June or 4th of July?
○ July 4, 1946
■ Recognized na as an independent country
○ June 12, 1898
■ Gindeclare na ni Aguinaldo
This was further strengthened through R.A. 4166 of 1964.
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ANALYSIS OF THE DOCUMENT
●
1-3 Paragraphs
○ Introduction by the author
■ Proclaiming and solemnizing the declaration of independence by
the Dictatorial Government
○ Reasons of Declaration
■ FIlipinos are already tired of the abuses of Civil guards, Unjust
Deportations of Illistrious Filipinos and the like
●
4th Paragraph
○ Regain of Independence and Sovereignty
■ From Magellan’s Arrival to Legazpi’s 1565 Establishment of
Manila and the rest of the archipelago as Spanish Colony
○ Pact of Biak-na-Bato to Aguinaldo’s Hong Kong Junta
●
5-6 Paragraphs
○ Series of Uprisings in different provinces led by Aguinaldo
■ Recalling of the series of battles between Spain and
Revolutionaries
○ Supreme Judge of the Universe, Powerful Humanitarian Nation-USA as
witness
●
7-9 Paragraphs
○ Statement of Ending all connections to Mother Spain and Power
○
Binding Statement with the Intervention of Divine Providence
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●
10-11 Paragraphs
○ Recognition of Aguinaldo as the Supreme Head of this Nation and Dr.
Jose Rizal’s Legacies
●
12th Paragraph
○ Execution of GOMBURZA and the Cavite Mutiny
●
Last Paragraph PH FLAG SYMBOLS
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TREATY OF PARIS
- Sold Ph, Guam, Cuba, and Puerto Rico to America for 20 Million
BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION
- America na an mabalyo ha Spain
- In control na hira after Spanish Colonization
GENERAL ANALYSIS
- Document reflects the general revolutionary sentiment of that period. i.e., friar
abuse, racial discrimination, and inequality before the law
- • No mention was made about the more serious problem that affected the
masses more profoundly
- No mention of Supremo Andres Bonifacio, founder of the Revolutionary
Organization- KKK ANB.
- Gives impression how victorious Aguinaldo’s Revolutionary Government is.
Module 2 Lesson 4
Philippine Cartoons
CARICATURE
- Comedic purposes
- Ridicule the subject
- graphic art term or a humorously distorted drawing or image done in order to
satirize or ridicule the subject.
ABOUT THE WRITER/S
● Alfred McCoy
○ He was struck by the graphic quality
○ More on historical background
○ Born June 8, 1945
○ Born in Massachusetts, USA
○ Ph.D in History
○ M.A. in Asian Studies
○ B.A. in European Studies
○ Prof. SE Asian History ,
○ Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison
○ Director, Center of the SE
○ Asian Studies
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●
Alfred Roces
○ Co-author
○ Filipino and was born in 1932
○ Editor
○ More on artist background
○ Post war & Contemporary Painter
○ A daily columnist for The Manila Times, the nation's top newspaper, for
over ten years.
○ Honored in 1961 as one of the Top Ten Most Young Men (TOYM)
○ Was the editor of GEO, Australasia's Geographical Magazine.
EVOLUTION OF PH PRESS
● Publication
○ Lipag Kalabaw
■ Launched in 1906 and Published satiric cartoons in Tagalog and
Spanish.
■ Maintained anonymity by not having a masthead and by having
the artists and writers under pen names.
■ Lipang Kalabaw's 28th December 1907 front cover, sarcastic.
Rizal is credited with treating Moro youths in Dapitan, according
to the inscription.
○
The Independent
■ Founded in 1915 by the Father of Cebuano letters Vicente Sotto,
one of the militant and aggressive advocates of immediate
independence
■ A weekly newspaper and published in English and Spanish
■ A forum for its publishers for political crusades
■ Discussed questions of tenancy, urban poverty, and political
issues
■ Where Fernando Amorsolo began his career as the “angriest of
Manila’s political cartoonists”
○
The Philippine Free press
■ Openly critics of politics
■ Against martial law
■ Founded in 1906 by Judge W.A. Kincaid but was taken over by
McCullough Dick due to bankruptcy.
■ Published in both Spanish and English.
■ Featured investigative reporting about the country’s development
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○
Bag-ong kusog
■ Popular Cebuano pre-war periodical
■ Featured the clash between the traditional Spanish-influenced
culture and the new American orientation.
■ Depicted the breaking down of hallowed customs and social
practices due to American Influence.
■ Focused criticism on co-education introduced by the Americans
which endangered the virtue of women.
REDUCCION
- Roman Grid pattern
- An mga hagtaas an position or like status ada ha center.
GENERAL ANALYSIS
- Symbolism in cartoons has made them an excellent medium for disseminating
ideas, as opposed to more verbose written articles that express opinions.
- Historians should look at political cartoons because of the unique manner they
convey opinion and capture the attention of their audience.
- Public opinion is shaped by media commentary, and that's why it's important to
look back at previous examples of public opinion like this.
Module 2 Lesson 5
Site of the First Mass
● We wanted to know and learn
what things we can extract from our
history.
● A learning guide for those who
wants to study it.
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REASON WHY WE NEED TO STUDY THE SITE
●
500 years of Christianity
○ Filipinos have a lot of reasons to rejoice our own Christianity.
○ Christian narrative that started from 1521 up until today is worth
celebrating.
HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE
● It is important to know the site of the first mass since it was at that mass that
Christianity originated not just in the country but across Asia
LIMASAWA OR MASAO?
● Limasawa Island
○ Small historic island on the island of Leyte in the central Philippines.
●
Masao, Butuan
○ Until 19th century, the first mass was celebrated in butuan.
RA 2733 of 1960
The first mass happened in Limawasa
rather than in Butuan.
●
Masao side
○ Research of Dr. Sonia Zaide
■ Marami siyang napublish na paper na it was ha Masao
○ Account of De Mafra
■ A crew or member of fleet nina Magellan
■ Controversial an iya account kay erli 19th century nadiscover
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■
○
○
●
Controversial liwat kay an iya kadescribe kan magellan haiya
account
■ Always looking for gold daw hi magellan.
BSHS President Greg Hontiveros
■ He claims that according to Pigafetta, they harvested daw parat
pagkaon. Tas kun igcompare ha Limasawa, mas may space or
damot palayan ha Butuan.
Yale Codex
■ Collection of maps that were written or drawn during the
expedition of magellan.
Limasawa Side
○ Dr. Rolando Borrinaga
○ Dr. Antonio Sanchez de Mora
○ Pigafetta’s Map and Accounts
■ Mas harani it Limasawa ha mga gin agian nira Magellan kesa ha
Butuan.
What’s the Latest?
● Cancayco, Legarda, and Mojares Panel Decision
○ Much of the primary evidences is pointing towards Limasawa
● NQC in the Ph
● 500 YOC in the Ph
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