EXTENDED PROJECT QUALIFICATION EPQ 2021 Name: Oladimeji Wuraola EPQ Title: Is Artificial Intelligence Relevant and Secure or A Threat to the Worlds Development? Contents1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Literature review........................................................................................................................................... 3 What is artificial intelligence? ................................................................................................................... 3 Roles and forms of artificial intelligence in our current time ................................................................... 3 What the future of artificial intelligence looks like for us ........................................................................ 3 Reliability of artificial intelligence in the future........................................................................................ 4 Advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence ........................................................................... 4 Threats of artificial intelligence ................................................................................................................ 5 Discuss/problems .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 1 Introduction Literature review What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is as the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings like humans. Artificial intelligence has 3 classifications namely; deep learning, machine learning and artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is the somewhat copy of human life into machines, the relevance of artificial intelligence for the worlds development is vital, it plays an important role in the advancement of the world Roles and forms of artificial intelligence in our current time Artificial intelligence works all around from the most basic appliance like our phones to our network streaming services and social media, based on the definition above streaming service such as Netflix, YouTube and Hulu use our preferences and learn about us, then proceed to show us things based on what we like What the future of artificial intelligence looks like for us Artificial intelligence does not have the ability do understand idioms or expressions, between a robot and a human the completion of a task could be very different for example a robot was asked to jump to another platform but measuring how high it jumped off the ground but it did not do the task this way, it however learnt how to extend its legs and do flips, now in this example the robot reached the other side of the platform but not in the intended way. Robots learn more than hundred times faster than us, the chances of a robot born a few minutes to have obtained more information in the first couple hours of its life than most humans is likely but the robot will not be able to identify various objects, currently artificial intelligence is at the point where it can just barely recognize pictures of cats, plants and other things, not to a perfect or specialized level of a basic level which is to show how much smarter we are in certain aspects of interaction with day to day objects. A popular saying is “Everything that is easy is hard” this refers to doing complex calculations for a computer is incredibly easy but identifying a dog in a picture is extremely hard. Many of these things we as humans do is still hard for artificial intelligence to do Artificial intelligence has made a significant improvement from the first thought of auto pilots to selfdriving cars like Tesla, these do have their risks but have been minimalized, these advancements have given people the opportunity to multi-task on the road, especially for people who are prone to using their phones while driving or even as far as doing make up to get ready for work and eat while being completely safe. Artificial intelligence will help in the world’s development in several ways by reducing the human casualties at dangerous workplaces like; construction sites, the army and even laboratories by preventing the exposure of humans to toxic organisms, diseases and radiation which is extremely poisonous to humans. Early stages of virtual tutors assist human instructors and facial analysis gauges the emotion of students to help determine who is struggling, bored or tired and then adjusting the lesson to their individual needs. This helps to improve a student’s ability because unlike a classroom where the time limit constrains and the activities of the class because the teacher might not be able to cover the scheme and aid to every students individual needs, it may also prove strenuous to the teacher having to go from student to student answering questions. The implementation of artificial intelligence helps alleviate this stress. It also helps students from other countries with the language barrier by changing the language to something they are more comfortable or familiar with. With the use of artificial intelligence in customer service, we can reduce a back log of customer complaints by assisting customers on various tasks, which do not require a lot of human supervision, therefore making customer satisfaction as well as employee satisfaction high. Reliability of artificial intelligence in the future The reliability of artificial intelligence depends majorly on their transparency especially in decision making processes. We need to be able to understand and comprehend all the factors that were considered by a robot before the decision was made, to determine whether the decision was fair and there was no faulty programming. Transparency in artificial intelligence helps to determine what stage they are at, with humans it’s as easy as asking, but with computers you do not get to see the stages outlined, you only see the input and output. The implementation of artificial intelligence in decision making processes that require equality such as verdicts and sentencing is necessary to eradicate the possibility of discrimination based on race or other factors. Artificial intelligence is also highly dependent on the developers of the robot, if they have some sort of goal other than what the user intended, such as theft or privacy invasion it may prove catastrophic. Also the servers which the robots operate on have to be properly secure in order to avoid a virus or external hacking. Relying entirely on artificial intelligence is an act that will require a lot of stability both financially and from the people, the art of integrating them into our day to day lives is one that will take time. Advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence Its security however can be compromised in several ways like hacking and data theft, but these are all things we do not already face, there are reports of hackers stealing sensitive information from companies even as far as stealing game designs from gaming companies and selling it on the black market. However artificial intelligence operates on the fundamentals of coding and programming, a code is information that illustrates actions to a computer and gives it a path to follow, codes can be closely related to instructions for computers, a code is also just as good as it’s coder, so if the person writing the code for the robot has a fault mentally, that fault will also be inputted into the code of the robot. Although codes go through various safety checks to purify it, there will be an inevitable human error such as; compassion, beliefs and generally emotions. Threats of artificial intelligence Some people believe the proper development of artificial intelligence is far away but it really is not, we are just a few years away from it and whether or not they pose a threat to us is the question Thinking about how we live, we do not really pay attention to certain living things, like ants and wilderness, like we would not go out of our way to cut down a tree or kill an ant just because we feel like It but when we want to build a house we pay give no thought to the trees we cut down or ant homes we destroy to accomplish our goal, similarly building robots with the same intuition if not better than us will share this same quality Stephen Hawking said, “You’re probably not an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if you’re in charge of a hydroelectric green-energy project and there’s an anthill in the region to be flooded, too bad for the ants. Let’s not place humanity in the position of those ants.” The statement shows that there is a real threat to us, because this means we have to properly ensure that all the actions they take and make are for the progress of humanity and not for their personal goal, irrespective of the outcome for them. There is also the fear of artificial intelligence selling our data and personal information to top companies and exploiting their access into our lives but I believe organizations like Instagram, Facebook, twitter and snapchat already do these things, although to get better feed on the respective social media Discuss/problems As discussed above, artificial intelligence is a big futuristic advancement, it requires endless work, with constant checks of software bugs and continuously watching activity to ensure that the robot performs the write task, the proper way, also if robots were to be allowed to serve a wide range of tasks based on the demands of the user keywords would have to banned to avoid misinterpretation, this is due to the robots ability to want to complete a task but not going in the predicted way. For example a robot was asked to cross a ledge, now what was expected was for the robot to jump across, but the robot simply flipped rather than the expected jump. Now escalating this scenario we can only imagine a robot being asked to “Make the world a better place” This statement could mean various things because there are a million ways to improve the world, e.g. Reduce the worlds use of plastic, reducing the emission of harmful gases into the atmosphere or stopping global warming, now all these ways have one thing in common and that is humans, if the command to make the world a better place were to be issued an easy way to compile all those methods would be just to end humanity. On the other hand we may be overthinking the abilities of artificial intelligence and their ability to comprehend tasks, because the ability for artificial intelligence to differentiate objects based on parts or a partial view of the object is extremely poor. The implementation of artificial intelligence is one that requires major capital investment, one that some country leaders would not see purpose in doing, we face a situation where only few countries have fully implemented artificial intelligence into their country, we see that currently in countries third world countries such as; Angola, Afghanistan, Nigeria and Burkina Faso these countries are yet to see the implementation of futuristic companies such as Tesla, Hyundai, Kia and Volkswagen into their country. It shows that the implementation of technology into the worldwide sectors one that will take a long time and continuous pursuit. On the other hand some Countries might be preoccupied with other problems and may not be able to pay adequate attention to the development of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is an advancement that poses severe risk to humans as well as the world, earlier I stated the problems of misinterpretation of information, here I will talk about the issue of trust. The ability to put trust into machines by giving them access to information that could start wars, hinder progress between nations and ruin allies is a big one; I believe that in the process of entrusting machines we will also trust ourselves because these machines are prone to hacking by other countries, if these leaders truly believe that other countries will not use this as an advantage to get information then the trust is really being put in humans and not machines. Conclusion Methodology To get better insight into the ways artificial intelligence has impacted our lives and its’ many versatile uses I watched a lot of Ted Talks made by some popular artificial intelligence research agencies. I mostly read articles and summarized them into key points to further expatiate on at the same time also filtering out information that may have been repeated. Most of my sources were articles and Ted Talk videos. I encountered some difficulty due to the corona virus; I was unable to start my project on time with the delay of school. By the time I arrived at school, trying to decide what topic to write about and the approaches to use took a lot of time. There were also limited books and articles on the internet that allowed free access, most of them only had previews and required payment to view the rest.
