Welcome back year 11!
New Topic: The Changing Economic World
Whiteboard
Desk
Fred
Ameen
April
Rahan
Jamie
John
Vincent
Leon
James
Stanley
Dylan
Cathy
Erind
Elliot
Lyla
Kasra
Amaan
Anna
109 SEATING PLAN – 11B - student
ROPE: find your seat and write today’s title and date
New Topic: The Changing Economic World
Paper 2: Challenges in the Human Environment (Human Paper 2)
Section B: The Changing Economic World
Title: How can development be measured?
ROPE: Hold up you’re A, B or C cards in your planners!
Challenge! Can you make links to our learning in year 10?
Challenge! Can you make links to our learning in year 10?
Challenge! Can you make links to our learning in year 10?
Challenge! Can you make links to our learning in year 10?
Challenge! Can you make links to our learning in year 10?
Challenge! Can you make links to our learning in year 10?
New Topic: The Changing Economic World
Thinking point – Can we link the 2023
Summer news to today’s new topic?
New Topic: The Changing Economic World
Paper 2: Challenges in the Human Environment (Human Paper 2)
Section B: The Changing Economic World
Title: How can development be measured?
Think, Pair, Share:
Task: What does development
mean? If a country is more
developed what does that mean?
Write down your ideas in your book
Definition: When a country is
improving. Progress in
economic growth, the use of
technology and improving
quality of life for its people.
Important key terms:
Standard of living –
Progress in terms of economic growth e.g. people earning more
money.
Quality of life –
Progress in terms of social changes e.g. improving health, education
and safety.
Is the level of
development
the same in all
countries?
UK
Iran
Somalia
USA
Australia
Pakistan
Brazil
China
India
France
Sweden
Kenya
Norway
Germany
Zimbabwe
South Africa
Sierra Leone
Japan
Syria
Mexico
Spain
Hypothetical task – imagine you need to put these countries
into order from the most to least developed. How would you do
it? What information do you need?
Indicators of development
Development indicators–
are ways we can measure the standard of living and quality of life
in any given country.
•
What do you think the most commonly used indicator of
development is?
GNI [Gross
National Income]
Economic indicators – GNI [Gross National Income]
A country’s level of development is shown firstly by the average wealth of its
citizens. One way of finding this out is to use a measurement called Gross
National Income (GNI). This is calculated by adding together:
✓ The total value of all the goods and services produced by its population
✓ The income earned from the investments that a nations people and businesses
have made overseas.
To compare the level of economic development for
different countries, the total GNI is:
1. Divided by the population of the country to produce a
per capita (per person) figure.
2. This is then converted into US dollars to make the
comparison clearer.
3. Finally, each figure can be adjusted for each country
based on its cost of living.
Countries are then classified into:
lower income countries (LICs), higher income countries
(HICs) and newly emerging economies (NEEs).
Task: Stick your
GNI information
sheet into your
geography books.
Summarise what
is meant by GNI
per capita in one
sentence.
GEOCHALLENGE: Outline the limitations of GNI per capita? Write these down!
What about social indicators?
Annotate as we
go!
How would we
measure this?
Wealth vs.
poverty
How would we
measure this?
Access to health
How would we
measure this?
Environmental
quality
How would we
measure this?
Access to
education
How would we
measure this?
Access to
nutritious food
How would we
measure this?
Human rights &
freedom of speech
How would we
measure this?
Infrastructure
(electricity, gas,
roads, bridges)
How would we
measure this?
Transport &
technology
infrastructure
How do we measure development?
Indicators:
•
GNI per capita
•
People per
doctor
•
Life expectancy
•
Birth rate
•
Death rate
•
Access to clean
water
•
Literacy rate
•
Infant mortality
rate
Task: Complete the development indicators worksheet
and decide if it measures quality of life [social] or
standard of living [economic]
GEOCHALLENGE: Can you remember what the missing
indicator is? Think back to year 9!
Check your answers
Development
indicator
Definition
Birth rate
The number of births in a year per 1,000 of the total population.
Death rate
The number of deaths in a year per 1,000 of the total population.
A measurement of economic activity that is calculated by dividing the gross (total) national
income by the size of the population. GNI takes into account not just the value of goods and
services produced in the country, but also the income earned from investments overseas. It is
usually expressed in US$ and can be adjusted to reflect purchasing power parity – an
adjustment to take into account the different cost of living in different countries (e.g. a pair of
Nike trainers cost about £10.50 in Nigeria). The World Bank divides the world’s countries into
categories based on their GNI per capita (PPP): high, upper middle, lower middle and low
income countries.
The percentage of the population that are able to read and write.
Gross
National
Income
(GNI)
Adult literacy
Infant mortality
The average number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age, per 1,000 live births, per year.
Life expectancy
The average number of years a person might be expected to live.
People per doctor
Human
Development
Index HDI
Access to safe
water
The number of doctors in the country divided by the population giving a figure that describes
the average number of people each doctor serves (although in reality there might be fewer
people per doctor in urban areas compared to rural areas).
A method of measuring development in which GDP per capita, life expectancy and adult
literacy (expected and mean number of years of schooling) are combined to give an overview.
Why are these indicators useful to decide how
This combined measure of development uses economic and social indicators to produce an
developed
a country
is?are ranked in order and
index figure that allows comparison between
countries:
the countries
grouped into very high, high, medium and low HDI.
The percentage of people in the country who have access to a clean and safe supply of water
26
(either collected from a well or piped to their homes).
L2 Classifying countries
ROPE: mini white board quiz!
1. Which landform is shown here?
L2 Classifying countries
ROPE:
Which landform is shown here?
L2 Classifying countries
ROPE:
Which landform is shown here?
L2 Classifying countries
ROPE:
Which landform/s is shown here?
L2 Classifying countries
ROPE:
Which landform is shown here?
L2 Classifying countries
ROPE:
Which landform is shown here?
How can we best judge a country’s level of
development?
A composite indicator measures more than one indicator of
development
A single indicator usually measures economic value e.g. GNI
How are countries classified?
Despite the problems with
using only one indicator,
the most common way of
classifying a country’s
level of development is by
looking at its wealth [GNI]
TASK – economic
classifications
Write down the definitions
shown
Low Income Country (LIC) are the world’s poorest countries with a Gross
National Income per person, which in 2013 was $1045 or less e.g. Afghanistan,
Uganda.
High Income Country (HIC) is a wealthy country with an income per person of
$12736 or above e.g. USA, Canada, France, UK.
Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are countries that are rapidly getting
richer as their economy moves from being based on agriculture to secondary
industry [manufacturing] e.g. BRICS and MINT countries
Human Development Index (HDI)
Devised by the United Nations, HDI links standard of living and quality of life.
It combines social and economic measures.
The HDI is expressed in valued 0-1, where 1 is the highest.
This enables countries to be ranked and compared
against each other.
HDI is a composite measure of development;
it includes 3 measures:
1. life expectancy (social)
2. Number of years in education (social) and
3. Income - GNI per capita (economic)
Task 1: Answer the
3 questions below:
Explain what the
HDI and what it
measures.
GEOCHALLENGE: Why is HDI arguably better than GNI in terms of
judging a country’s level of development?
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI includes life expectancy, access to education and GDP per capita
Writing frame(for describing distribution):
• Places with high HDI are mainly found in… For example, countries such
as…
• Anomalies include…
• Places with low HDI are mostly in… For example, countries such as…
• Anomalies include…
Task:
• Name and annotate the top 5 and
bottom 5 countries using the HDI
Interactive map
How have we classified countries in the past?
Brandt line - Published in 1971 grouped the world into a developed ‘North’
(owning 80% of global wealth) and a poor, developing ‘South’ (owning only
20% of global wealth)
CHALLENGE: Compare to your other
map: Do you think the Brandt line is
still relevant today? Why?
The Brandt line
Annotate your ideas around your map…
Categories are too broad – there are huge
internal inequalities within countries and
at smaller scales e.g. within urban areas.
Large numbers of millionaires and
billionaires can be found in every
populated continent, including Africa.
China is now the world’s
largest economy
The GNI per
capita of
some EU
members,
including
Hungary and
Bulgaria is
lower than
that of Brazil
and Malaysia.
Brandt line is only concerned with
wealth- what about social and other
ways of measuring development?
Several of the
world’s highest
income countries
lie south of the
Brandt line such
as Qatar, Kuwait
and Singapore.
South Africa should be in the
north according to its GNI.
Title: How useful are development
indicators?
ROPE: Answer the following questions in your book:
1. What does HDI stand for?
2. Which three indicators are used in the HDI?
3. What does per capita mean?
4. Why is GNI converted to $US?
5. What is the difference between a natural event and a natural
hazard?
6. How might urbanisation increase hazard risk?
Challenge! Can you critique the HDI? What are its limitations?
Title: How useful are development
indicators?
ROPE: Answer the
following questions in your
book:
1. What does HDI stand
for?
2. Which three indicators
are used in the HDI?
3. What does per capita
mean?
4. Why is GNI converted
to $US?
5. What is the difference
between a natural event
and a natural hazard?
6. How might urbanisation
increase hazard risk?
ROPE review:
1. Human Development Index
2. Life Expectancy; average
years in schooling; GNI per
capita.
3. Per person
4. So that it is easy to compare
different countries GNI.
5. A natural hazard poses a
risk to PEOPLE and
PROPERTY. A natural event
does not.
6. More dense populations;
more homes that could
collapse = higher possible
death toll.
Title: How useful are development
indicators?
Challenge! Can you critique the HDI? What are its limitations?
• It still uses average figures which can hide extreme in the
data e.g. billionaires might increase the average GNI per
capita.
• There may be additional indicators not covered e.g. human
rights? Happiness? Gender inequality?
Can you spot the limitation
to using indicators of
development on the
following slides?
Limitations of
measures of
development?
average
… is the
lifespan a newborn
can expect
… is short when
child deaths
are common
Life expectancy (years)
100
Swede
n
81 8
years0
6
50 0
years4
0
2
0
0
Burundi
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Life expectancy (years)
100
8
0
6
50 0
years4
0
2
0
0
Burundi
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Life expectancy
Age (years) (years)
100
8
0
6
50 0
years4
0
2
0
0
Burundi
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Life expectancy
Age (years) (years)
100
8
0
6
50 0
years4
0
2
0
0
Look at the expected
Life expectancy of
five newborns…
Burundi
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Age (years)
100
How long will
they live…
8
0
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
…if conditions remain as in
Burundi in 2007
during their whole
lifetime?
Pierr
e
Li
z
Jean
Ann
Sarah
Age (years)
100
8
0
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
3
6
5
7
7
2
8
4
1
Pierr
e
Li
z
Jean
Ann
Sarah
Age (years)
100
old
8
0
6
0
4
0 child
2
0
1
0
Pierr
e
adult
3
6
Li
z
5
7
7
2
8
4
So yes, 2 of 5
Have high life expectancies
in Burundi
Jean
Ann
Sarah
100
Age (years)
Calculate the mean…
This is the Life
8
1+36+57+72+84
Expectancy
0
=
5
6
50 5
500
years
4
0
2
0
0
3
6
7
2
8
4
7
1
Pierr
e
Li
z
Jean
Ann
Sarah
Life expectancy (years)
100
Swede
n
81 8
years0
6
500
years
4
0
2
0
0
31
years
Burundi
3
6
1
200 $
5
7
7
2
8
4
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Life expectancy (years)
100
Swede
n
81 8
years0
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Life expectancy
Age (years) (years)
100
Swede
n
81 8
years0
6
0
4
Look at the expected
0
Population
life
of
five
newborn
(millions) 100
2
0Swedes…
1000
0
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
1
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Age (years)
100
How long will
they live…
8
0
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
…if conditions remain as in
Sweden in 2007
during their whole
lifetime?
Per
Lis
a
Jan
Anton Sara
Age (years)
100
8
0
6
0
4
0
2
01
0
6
3
7
7
8
8
8
4
9
3
4 old
adult
Per
Lis
a
Jan
Anton Sara
100
Age (years)
81 8
years0
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
6
3
7
7
8
4
9
3
8
8
Calculate the mean…
63+77+84+88+93
=8
5
1
Per
Lis
a
Jan
Anton Sara
Life expectancy (years)
100
Swede
n
81 8
years0
6
0
4
0
2
0
0
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Let’s compare
Life expectancy (years)
100
Swede
n
81 8
years0
6
50 0
years4
0
2
0
0
Burundi
1
Population
(millions) 100
1000
200 $
2000 $
20 000 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Age (years)
100
88
01
6
05
40
0
2
0
0
100
“To live long” in Sweden
is almost the same as
Age (years)
8
“to live
0 long” in Burundi
6
0
4
0
2
0
But “dying young”
Sweden
So,in
no,
0
very different
allisBurundians
do not live 31
from “dying
young” in
Burundi
years shorter
than
Swedes
… is an average
-Most Burundians get older than 50
-Some die in childhood
… is low when childdeaths are common
-It is low in Burundi
not because all die a bit earlier
-But because
some die much younger
Using GNI per capita does not say a lot
about the quality of life of the people e.g.
Qatar has a few extremely wealthy people
and many poor but a high GNI.
Combined
indicators, such as
HDI are often
favoured because it
draws upon
indicators of
economic, social and
demographic
development.
Indicators are also usually
presented at a national scale;
this can mask
inequalities within countries.
Limitations of
measures of
development
Using a single indicator of
development to compare
countries limits the
conclusions that can be
drawn about the
development level of a
country.
How reliable is the data
e.g. is it collected for
people living in remote
areas
Indicators are also usually
presented at a national scale;
this can mask
inequalities within countries.
Scatter-graphs – showing correlation
What kind of correlation is shown here? What does it mean?
Why might it exist?
17/09/2023
70
What do scatter-graphs show?
17/09/2023
71
Negative correlation
Why might birth rates
decrease as a country
develops economically?
As one variable increases [GNI] the other
variable decreases [birth rate]
17/09/2023
72
Positive correlation
Why might the number of
doctors per 1000 people
increase as GNI increases?
As one variable increases [GNI] the other
variable increases [birth rate]
17/09/2023
73
How useful are development indicators?
Independent tasks: Complete your worksheet – we will do the first
two together.
CHALLENGE:
Can you predict if the scatter-graph correlations will be strong or
weak?
Birth rate
Strong negative correlation
17/09/2023
75
Death rate
Weak correlation
17/09/2023
76
Access to safe water
GNI increases and access to safe water increases.
A good indicator of development when GNI per capita rises above 6000 US$.
17/09/2023
77
Adult literacy
GNI increases and adult literacy increases.
A weak correlation with data spread widely at 1000-2000 US$ and 100% literacy. Unreliable data?
17/09/2023
78
Infant mortality
GNI increases and infant mortality decreases.
A good indicator of development with a strong correlation.
17/09/2023
79
Life expectancy
GNI increases and life expectancy increases.
A good indicator of development with a strong correlation.
17/09/2023
80
Doctors per 1000 people
GNI increases and the doctors per 1000 people increase. NOTE: the people per doctor decreases.
Not a very good indicator with wide data spread and much missing data.
17/09/2023
81
HDI – Can you remember what this
is?
Why is this correlation so good?
17/09/2023
82
Plenary
•
Are standard of living and quality of life
always positively correlated (i.e. as people
get more wealthy they feel more fulfilled or
happier)?
Homework – due Wednesday 20th
September
1.
2.
Complete your scatter-graphs homework
sheet and the three questions 
Join my Seneca group
Development can suggest economic, demographic, social, political and even cultural
changes:
1. Economic development refers to an increase in a country’s level of wealth.
This could be accompanied by a decrease in agriculture and an increase in in
manufacturing (at first) and services.
There could also be greater access to, and use of, natural resources, with more
energy used per head of population.
Economic development is generally viewed to improve people’s standard of
living: their income and therefore the goods and services they can afford to
buy.
2. Demographic development refers to an increase in life expectancy and an overall
fall in the death rate (including the infant mortality rate) combined with falling birth
rates.
3. Social development can include a range of changes affecting the population and
their quality of life. For example, improved levels of education and literacy, access to
medical facilities (a decrease in the number of people per doctor within the country),
improved levels of sanitation (waste disposal and access to clean water), better
housing and increases in personal freedoms.
4. Political development is usually equated with freedom, meaning that people have
a greater say in who forms the government and therefore the impact that it can have
on their lives.
5. Cultural development can include greater equality for women and better race
relations in multicultural societies.
Development can suggest economic, demographic, social, political and even cultural
changes:
1. Economic development refers to an increase in a country’s level of wealth.
This could be accompanied by a decrease in agriculture and an increase in in
manufacturing (at first) and services.
There could also be greater access to, and use of, natural resources, with more
energy used per head of population.
Economic development is generally viewed to improve people’s standard of
living: their income and therefore the goods and services they can afford to
buy.
2. Demographic development refers to an increase in life expectancy and an overall
fall in the death rate (including the infant mortality rate) combined with falling birth
rates.
3. Social development can include a range of changes affecting the population and
their quality of life. For example, improved levels of education and literacy, access to
medical facilities (a decrease in the number of people per doctor within the country),
improved levels of sanitation (waste disposal and access to clean water), better
housing and increases in personal freedoms.
4. Political development is usually equated with freedom, meaning that people have
a greater say in who forms the government and therefore the impact that it can have
on their lives.
5. Cultural development can include greater equality for women and better race
relations in multicultural societies.
Development can suggest economic, demographic, social, political and even cultural
changes:
1. Economic development refers to an increase in a country’s level of wealth.
This could be accompanied by a decrease in agriculture and an increase in in
manufacturing (at first) and services.
There could also be greater access to, and use of, natural resources, with more
energy used per head of population.
Economic development is generally viewed to improve people’s standard of
living: their income and therefore the goods and services they can afford to
buy.
2. Demographic development refers to an increase in life expectancy and an overall
fall in the death rate (including the infant mortality rate) combined with falling birth
rates.
3. Social development can include a range of changes affecting the population and
their quality of life. For example, improved levels of education and literacy, access to
medical facilities (a decrease in the number of people per doctor within the country),
improved levels of sanitation (waste disposal and access to clean water), better
housing and increases in personal freedoms.
4. Political development is usually equated with freedom, meaning that people have
a greater say in who forms the government and therefore the impact that it can have
on their lives.
5. Cultural development can include greater equality for women and better race
relations in multicultural societies.
Development can suggest economic, demographic, social, political and even cultural
changes:
1. Economic development refers to an increase in a country’s level of wealth.
This could be accompanied by a decrease in agriculture and an increase in in
manufacturing (at first) and services.
There could also be greater access to, and use of, natural resources, with more
energy used per head of population.
Economic development is generally viewed to improve people’s standard of
living: their income and therefore the goods and services they can afford to
buy.
2. Demographic development refers to an increase in life expectancy and an overall
fall in the death rate (including the infant mortality rate) combined with falling birth
rates.
3. Social development can include a range of changes affecting the population and
their quality of life. For example, improved levels of education and literacy, access to
medical facilities (a decrease in the number of people per doctor within the country),
improved levels of sanitation (waste disposal and access to clean water), better
housing and increases in personal freedoms.
4. Political development is usually equated with freedom, meaning that people have
a greater say in who forms the government and therefore the impact that it can have
on their lives.
5. Cultural development can include greater equality for women and better race
relations in multicultural societies.
What are the different types of development?
TASK:
Can you think
of examples to
extend this
mind map?
Political
Economic
development
Cultural
Social
Demographic
What are the different types of development?
Development can suggest economic, demographic, social, political and even
cultural changes:
1. Economic development refers to an increase in a country’s level of wealth.
- This could be accompanied by a decrease in agriculture and an increase in in
manufacturing (at first) and services.
- There could also be greater access to, and use of, natural resources, with more
energy used per head of population.
- Economic development is generally viewed to improve people’s standard of
living: their income and therefore the goods and services they can afford to
buy.
2. Demographic development refers to an increase in life expectancy and an
overall fall in the death rate (including the infant mortality rate) combined with
falling birth rates.
3. Social development can include a range of changes affecting the population and
their quality of life. For example, improved levels of education and literacy, access
to medical facilities (a decrease in the number of people per doctor within the
country), improved levels of sanitation (waste disposal and access to clean water),
better housing and increases in personal freedoms.
4. Political development is usually equated with freedom, meaning that people
have a greater say in who forms the government and therefore the impact that it
can have on their lives.
5. Cultural development can include greater equality for women and better race
relations in multicultural societies.
TASK:
Stick in your
summary of
the different
types of
development
and classify
your mind map
accordingly.
Economic indicators of
development – GNI [Gross
National Income]
Economic indicators of
development – GNI [Gross
National Income]
A country’s level of development is shown firstly
by the average wealth of its citizens. One way of
finding this out is to use a measurement called
Gross National Income (GNI). This is calculated by
adding together:
✓ The total value of all the goods and services
produced by its population
✓ The income earned from the investments that
a nations people and businesses have made
overseas.
A country’s level of development is shown firstly
by the average wealth of its citizens. One way of
finding this out is to use a measurement called
Gross National Income (GNI). This is calculated by
adding together:
✓ The total value of all the goods and services
produced by its population
✓ The income earned from the investments that
a nations people and businesses have made
overseas.
To compare the level of economic development for
different countries, the total GNI is:
1. Divided by the population of the country to
produce a per capita (per person) figure.
2. This is then converted into US dollars to make
the comparison clearer.
3. Finally, each figure can be adjusted for each
country based on its cost of living.
Countries are then classified into:
lower income countries (LICs), higher income
countries (HICs) and newly emerging economies
(NEEs).
To compare the level of economic development for
different countries, the total GNI is:
1. Divided by the population of the country to
produce a per capita (per person) figure.
2. This is then converted into US dollars to make
the comparison clearer.
3. Finally, each figure can be adjusted for each
country based on its cost of living.
Countries are then classified into:
lower income countries (LICs), higher income
countries (HICs) and newly emerging economies
(NEEs).
Standard of living –
Progress in terms of economic
growth e.g. people earning more
money.
Standard of living –
Progress in terms of economic
growth e.g. people earning more
money.
Quality of life –
Progress in terms of social
changes e.g. improving health,
education and safety.
Quality of life –
Progress in terms of social
changes e.g. improving health,
education and safety.
Development indicators–
are ways we can measure the
standard of living and quality of
life in any given country.
Development indicators–
are ways we can measure the
standard of living and quality of
life in any given country.
Examples of development
indicators….
Examples of development
indicators….
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A composite indicator measures more
than one indicator of development
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
A single indicator usually measures
economic value e.g. GNI
Low Income Country (LIC) are the world’s
poorest countries with a Gross National
Income per person, which in 2013 was $1045
or less e.g. Afghanistan, Uganda.
Low Income Country (LIC) are the world’s
poorest countries with a Gross National
Income per person, which in 2013 was $1045
or less e.g. Afghanistan, Uganda.
High Income Country (HIC) is a wealthy
country with an income per person of $12736
or above e.g. USA, Canada, France, UK.
High Income Country (HIC) is a wealthy
country with an income per person of $12736
or above e.g. USA, Canada, France, UK.
Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are
countries that are rapidly getting richer as
their economy moves from being based on
agriculture to secondary industry
[manufacturing] e.g. BRICS and MINT
countries
Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are
countries that are rapidly getting richer as
their economy moves from being based on
agriculture to secondary industry
[manufacturing] e.g. BRICS and MINT
countries
Low Income Country (LIC) are the world’s
poorest countries with a Gross National
Income per person, which in 2013 was $1045
or less e.g. Afghanistan, Uganda.
Low Income Country (LIC) are the world’s
poorest countries with a Gross National
Income per person, which in 2013 was $1045
or less e.g. Afghanistan, Uganda.
High Income Country (HIC) is a wealthy
country with an income per person of $12736
or above e.g. USA, Canada, France, UK.
High Income Country (HIC) is a wealthy
country with an income per person of $12736
or above e.g. USA, Canada, France, UK.
Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are
countries that are rapidly getting richer as
their economy moves from being based on
agriculture to secondary industry
[manufacturing] e.g. BRICS and MINT
countries
Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are
countries that are rapidly getting richer as
their economy moves from being based on
agriculture to secondary industry
[manufacturing] e.g. BRICS and MINT
countries